1
|
Donzelli G, Sera F, Morales MA, Vozzi F, Roos T, Schaffert A, Paparella M, Murugadoss S, Mertens B, Gehring R, Linzalone N. A systematic review and meta-analysis of human population studies on the association between exposure to toxic environmental chemicals and left ventricular dysfunction (LVD). Environ Res 2024; 249:118429. [PMID: 38354889 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental chemicals has been associated with an elevated risk of heart failure (HF). However, the impact on early markers of HF, such as left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), remains limited. OBJECTIVE To establish a foundation of evidence regarding early HF markers and their association with environmental pollutants, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. METHODS The search, conducted on October 13th, 2023, encompassed PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science without filters, focusing on observational studies reporting myocardial geometrical, structural, or functional alterations in individuals without a history of heart disease. This included the general adult population, workers, young people, and the elderly. The risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool at both study and item levels. RESULTS The systematic review included 17 studies involving 43.358 individuals exposed to air pollution and 2038 exposed to heavy metals. Approximately 41% of the effect measures of associations reported significant abnormalities in myocardial structure or function. The metanalyses by pollutants categories indicated positive associations between LV systolic and diastolic abnormalities and exposure to PM2.5 [-0.069 (-0.104, -0.033); -0.044 (-0.062, -0.025)] and PM10 [-0.055 (-0.087, -0.022); -0.030 (-0.050, -0.010)] and NO2 [-0.042 (-0.071, -0.013); -0.021 (-0.037, -0.004)], as well as positive associations between lead exposure and LV systolic abnormalities [-0.033 (-0.051, -0.016)]. CONCLUSIONS Existing evidence shows that specific early markers of HF may be associated with exposure to chemical pollutants. It is recommended to include such endpoints in new longitudinal and case-control studies to confirm further risk associations. These studies should consider co-exposures, account for vulnerable groups, and identify cardiotoxic compounds that may require regulation. When examining the link between myocardial abnormalities and environmental exposure, it is also advisable to explore the supportive use of Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) approaches to confirm a causal relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Donzelli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy.
| | - F Sera
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - M A Morales
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy.
| | - F Vozzi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy.
| | - T Roos
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - A Schaffert
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - M Paparella
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - S Murugadoss
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - B Mertens
- Scientific Direction of Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - R Gehring
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - N Linzalone
- Institute of Clinical Physiology of the National Research Council (CNR-IFC), Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pietiläinen O, Roos E, Roos T, Rahkonen O, Heikkinen S, Seppä K, Ryynänen H, Pietkäniemi J. Interactions of smoking, alcohol use, overweight and physical inactivity as predictors of cancer. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky214.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O Pietiläinen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - E Roos
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Roos
- Department of Computer Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - O Rahkonen
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - K Seppä
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Ryynänen
- Finnish Cancer Registry, Helsinki, Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Van der Watt ASJ, Roos T, Beyer C, Seedat S. Participants' perspectives of weekly telephonic mood monitoring in South Africa: a feasibility study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2018; 4:56. [PMID: 29484200 PMCID: PMC5824463 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-018-0245-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood and anxiety disorders have a high lifetime prevalence, and their chronicity adds to the management burden of already scarce and strained mental health care resources, particularly in developing countries. Non-professional-assisted interventions and technology (such as weekly telephonic mood monitoring) could assist in the early identification of symptoms of relapse and hospitalization prevention. The present study aimed to determine participants' perspectives and the feasibility of weekly telephonic mood monitoring in order to inform the development of the full study. METHOD Semi-structured telephonic interviews (n = 37; 89.2% female; mean age = 33.1 years) were conducted as part of the full-scale feasibility study (N = 61; named the Bipolar Disorder Mood Monitoring (BDMM) Study). The BDMM Study was conducted to determine the viability of weekly telephonic mood monitoring, spanning 26 weeks and starting 1 week post-discharge. Frequency and descriptive statistical analyses (using SPSS version 24) were undertaken, and qualitative data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. RESULTS This article presents the findings from the semi-structured interview section of the BDMM Study. Participants generally expressed positive experiences and perceptions of weekly telephonic mood monitoring, stating that they would advise others to also take part in weekly telephonic mood monitoring. Nonetheless, some participants did make suggestions for improvement of mood monitoring while others expressed negative experiences of weekly telephonic mood monitoring. CONCLUSION The results of the semi-structured interviews of the BDMM Study indicated that participants perceived weekly telephonic mood monitoring to be helpful in lightening the burden of mood and anxiety disorders (e.g., having someone to talk to, providing insight into their disorders). Not only did it help them, but they also perceived mood monitoring to be potentially helpful to future participants. However, weekly mood monitoring was also burdensome in itself (including being too time consuming and having to answer questions when feeling down). Importantly, the findings highlighted that participants' and researchers' perceptions and experiences may not be congruent (especially in terms of therapeutic misconception). The current findings may inform researchers' future approach to study design and participant relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. S. J. Van der Watt
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Francie van Zijl Drive, Cape Town, 7505 South Africa
| | - T. Roos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, Anzio Rd, Cape Town, 7925 South Africa
| | - C. Beyer
- Department of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Tygerberg, 7505 South Africa
| | - S. Seedat
- Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, PO Box 19063, Francie van Zijl Drive, Cape Town, 7505 South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Capanna F, Roos T, Gobet R, Wisser J. Ein aussergewöhnlicher Fall einer fetalen Megavesika bei Urethralatresie: kann der Fet trotzdem die Blase entleeren? Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
5
|
Hampel P, Desman C, Petermann F, Roos T, Siekmann K. Multimodales Therapiekonzept für Kinder mit Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-/Hyperaktivitätsstörungen und deren Begleitperson in der stationären Rehabilitation. REHABILITATION 2006; 45:52-9. [PMID: 16468113 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-915370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequent psychic disorders of childhood, characterized by high persistence and an increased risk for the development of externalising disorders of behavior. Due to ADHD increased problems can be frequently observed at school as well as in the social and emotional context of the child. Concepts for in-patient rehabilitation have not been developed, although effective modifications of the behavior of ADHD patients appeared to be achievable under the conditions found in in-patient rehabilitation. OBJECTIVE The present pilot study aimed to evaluate whether this newly developed concept has any benefit on psychological problems, coping and quality of life. METHOD In total, n = 28 boys with ADHD 7 to 12 years old were included into a quasi-experimental pre-post design and completed self-report questionnaires on psychological problems, coping and quality of life. In addition, 26 mothers evaluated the behavior problems, psychological problems and quality of life of their sons at the beginning and the end of in-patient rehabilitation. During a 4-week in-patient rehabilitation all children and their mothers took part in a multimodal training containing components of behavior therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy (self-instruction, self-management, and stress management), applied in child-, parent-child- and parent-centered interventions. RESULTS Parents estimated the behavior problems of their children as significantly reduced after in-patient rehabilitation as compared to before. In addition, psychological problems and quality of life improved significantly in self- and parent-proxy reports during the in-patient rehabilitation. CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that this multimodal therapy concept is an effective tool for the treatment of ADHD patients. However, a replication of our results in a control-group study on a larger population is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Hampel
- Zentrum für Klinische Psychologe und Rehabilitation der Universität Bremen.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schäfer T, Borowski C, Diepgen TL, Hellermann M, Piechotowski I, Reese I, Roos T, Schmidt S, Sitter H, Werfel T, Gieler U. [Evidence-based and consented guideline on allergy prevention]. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2005; 2:1030-6, 1038. [PMID: 16285318 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0353.2004.04533.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Schäfer
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Universität Lübeck, DGAI.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Roos T, Kiefer D, Hugenschmidt S, Economou A, Kuhn A. Indecisive M13 procoat protein mutants bind to SecA but do not activate the translocation ATPase. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:37909-15. [PMID: 11487581 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m105483200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The M13 procoat protein serves as the paradigm for the Sec-independent membrane insertion pathway. This protein is inserted into the inner membrane of Escherichia coli with two hydrophobic regions and a central periplasmic loop region of 20 amino acid residues. Extension of the periplasmic loop region renders M13 procoat membrane insertion Sec-dependent. Loop regions with 118 or more residues required SecA and SecYEG and were efficiently translocated in vivo. Two mutants having loop regions of 80 and 100 residues, respectively, interacted with SecA but failed to activate the membrane translocation ATPase of SecA in vitro. Similarly, a procoat mutant with two additional glutamyl residues in the loop region showed binding to SecA but did not stimulate the ATPase. The three mutants were also defective for precursor-stimulated binding of SecA to the membrane surface. Remarkably, the mutant proteins act as competitive inhibitors of the Sec translocase. This suggests that the region to be translocated is sensed by SecA but the activation of the SecA translocation ATPase is only successful for substrates with a minimum length of the translocated region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Roos
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, University of Hohenheim, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Karamanou S, Vrontou E, Sianidis G, Baud C, Roos T, Kuhn A, Politou AS, Economou A. A molecular switch in SecA protein couples ATP hydrolysis to protein translocation. Mol Microbiol 1999; 34:1133-45. [PMID: 10594836 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01686.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
SecA, the dimeric ATPase subunit of bacterial protein translocase, catalyses translocation during ATP-driven membrane cycling at SecYEG. We now show that the SecA protomer comprises two structural modules: the ATPase N-domain, containing the nucleotide binding sites NBD1 and NBD2, and the regulatory C-domain. The C-domain binds to the N-domain in each protomer and to the C-domain of another protomer to form SecA dimers. NBD1 is sufficient for single rounds of SecA ATP hydrolysis. Multiple ATP turnovers at NBD1 require both the NBD2 site acting in cis and a conserved C-domain sequence operating in trans. This intramolecular regulator of ATP hydrolysis (IRA) mediates N-/C-domain binding and acts as a molecular switch: it suppresses ATP hydrolysis in cytoplasmic SecA while it releases hydrolysis in SecY-bound SecA during translocation. We propose that the IRA switch couples ATP binding and hydrolysis to SecA membrane insertion/deinsertion and substrate translocation by controlling nucleotide-regulated relative motions between the N-domain and the C-domain. The IRA switch is a novel essential component of the protein translocation catalytic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Karamanou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology and Department of Biology, University of Crete, PO Box 1527, GR-711 10 Iraklio, Crete, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Martius JA, Roos T, Gora B, Oehler MK, Schrod L, Papadopoulos T, Gross U. Risk factors associated with early-onset sepsis in premature infants. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1999; 85:151-8. [PMID: 10584628 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-2115(99)00018-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define perinatal factors associated with early-onset neonatal sepsis. STUDY DESIGN Maternal and neonatal variables were analysed retrospectively in 343 infants born before 35 weeks using univariate and multivariate statistical analysis. RESULTS Logistic regression analysis identified risk factors for probable neonatal sepsis: gestational age at delivery (odds ratio 0.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.91-0.96), premature rupture of the membranes (odds ratio 2.9, 95% CI 1.004-8.56), Apgar score after 1 min (odds ratio 0.7, 95% CI 0.53-0.96), and histological chorioamnionitis and/or funisitis (odds ratio 4.1, 95% CI 1.36-12.12). There was a strong association between probable sepsis and intracranial haemorrhage of the infant (odds ratio 4.3, 95% CI 1.07-17.40). Funisitis had a high specificity (91%) and positive predictive value (82%) for the detection of neonatal sepsis < or =32 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Independent obstetrical risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis in premature infants may help to identify newborns who benefit from maternal antibiotic prophylaxis before birth. The histological examination of the umbilical cord can be used as an additional diagnostic test to detect newborns at risk of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Martius
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
- T Roos
- Department of Dermatology, University of Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Roos T, Martin TR, Ruzinski JT, Leturcq DJ, Hillier SL, Patton DL, Eschenbach DA. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 receptor protein in amniotic fluid and cord blood in patients at term. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997; 177:1230-7. [PMID: 9396923 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70044-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our purpose was to examine whether lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 are present in amniotic fluid and to determine whether the lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 concentrations are associated with indicators of infection or labor at term. A lipopolysaccharide-lipopolysaccharide binding protein complex activates macrophages through soluble CD14 at lipopolysaccharide concentrations up to 100 times lower than required with lipopolysaccharide alone. Thus lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 in amniotic fluid could explain the high concentrations of cytokines found in amniotic fluid of culture-positive patients and may even explain the presence of cytokines in some culture-negative patients. STUDY DESIGN Healthy women at term undergoing cesarean section had amniotic fluid, chorioamnion, decidua, and cord blood obtained. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Amniotic fluid was cultured and assayed for cytokines, and the chorioamnion and decidua were cultured and examined histologically. RESULTS Lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 were present in all amniotic fluids and fetal cord blood. An elevated level of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (270 ng/ml/mg of protein) was present in the amniotic fluid of 12 (36%) of the 33 patients. An elevated level was associated with microorganisms in the chorioamnion and decidua, cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8) in amniotic fluid, histologic chorioamnionitis, and labor. Among patients in labor, the concentration of lipopolysaccharide binding protein appeared independent of microorganisms in the amniotic fluid. CONCLUSIONS Lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 are present in amniotic fluid, and concentrations of lipopolysaccharide binding protein are elevated in patients in labor with and without evidence of infection. Lipopolysaccharide binding protein and soluble CD14 may mediate intrauterine inflammatory responses at term.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Roos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Backe J, Roos T, Mulfinger L, Martius J. Prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA in cervical tissue. Retrospective analysis of 855 cervical biopsies. Arch Gynecol Obstet 1997; 259:69-77. [PMID: 9059747 DOI: 10.1007/bf02505312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The histopathologic features of 855 cervical biopsies were correlated with the presence of human papillomavirus DNA using in situ hybridization (ISH) with biotin labeled type specific probes for Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33 and 51. HPV-DNA was found in 18% (13/72) of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I (CIN I), 30% (35/115) of CIN II, 28% (57(206) of CIN III, in 84% (21/25) of flat condyloma and in 13% (15/112) of normal cervical tissue. HPV DNA was detectable in 11% (5/46) of cervical adenocarcinoma and in 21% (59/279) of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix. High risk HPV types were identified more often than low risk HPV types in CIN I, CIN II, CIN III and SCC. HPV type 16/18 predominates over HPV types 31/33/51 in CIN I, flat condyloma and in SCC. The prevalence of HPV was strongly associated with the grade of differentiation of SCC. It was identified in 59% (23/39) of well differentiated SCC, in 18% (25/142) of moderately differentiated and in 11% (11/98) of poorly differentiated SCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Backe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- J Martius
- University of Würzburg, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mentlein R, Roos T. Proteases involved in the metabolism of angiotensin II, bradykinin, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and neuropeptide Y by vascular smooth muscle cells. Peptides 1996; 17:709-20. [PMID: 8804084 DOI: 10.1016/0196-9781(96)00066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To understand the regulation of the vasoactive peptides bradykinin, angiotensin II, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and neuropeptide Y (NPY), their proteolytic catabolism by cultured rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells and A7r5 cells was investigated. Endopeptidase-24.11 (EC 3.4.24.11, CD 10) was responsible for the final inactivation of bradykinin, angiotensin II, and CGRP, but not of NPY, which was degraded by a different metallo-endopeptidase. Exopeptidases, namely the aminopeptidases A (EC 3.4.11.7), N (EC 3.4.11.2, CD 13), and P (EC 3.4.11.9) and the carboxypeptidases M (EC 3.4.17.12) and P (EC 3.4.17.16), were important for their differential, receptor subtype-specific activation or inactivation. Aminopeptidase A and N generated angiotensins III and IV from angiotensin II. Aminopeptidase P liberated the terminal amino acids from bradykinin and NPY, yielding the Y2 receptor specific-agonist NPY(2-36). Carboxypeptidase P produced AT II(1-7) and carboxypeptidase M produced the BK1 receptor agonist [des-Arg9]bradykinin. Thus, peptidases at the surface of vascular smooth muscle cells exert a complex influence on the level of biologically active vasoactive peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Mentlein
- Anatomisches Institut, Universität Kiel, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lehrnbecher T, Schrod L, Rutsch P, Roos T, Martius J, von Stockhausen HB. Immunologic parameters in cord blood indicating early-onset sepsis. Biol Neonate 1996; 70:206-12. [PMID: 8969810 DOI: 10.1159/000244366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Different immunologic parameters were measured in cord blood to test their usefulness in the early diagnosis of early onset sepsis. Cord blood levels of circulating intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (cICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were significantly elevated in septic compared to nonseptic neonates. No significant difference between either population was seen for cord blood C3a and elastase-alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor complex (E alpha 1 PI). Measured concentrations of cICAM-1, IL-6 and IL-8 in fetal and maternal blood did not correlate, indicating that the neonate's response to sepsis is clearly different from the mother. Our data suggest that cord blood measurements of cICAM-1, IL-6 and IL-8 might be useful in identifying neonates with early-onset sepsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Lehrnbecher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Lehrnbecher T, Schrod L, Kraus D, Roos T, Martius J, von Stockhausen HB. Interleukin-6 and soluble interleukin-6 receptor in cord blood in the diagnosis of early onset sepsis in neonates. Acta Paediatr 1995; 84:806-8. [PMID: 7549302 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1995.tb13761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Lehrnbecher
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wikander I, Roos T, Stakkestad A, Eriksson E. Sodium lactate elicits a rapid increase in blood pressure in Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Effect of pretreatment with the antipanic drugs clomipramine and alprazolam. Neuropsychopharmacology 1995; 12:245-50. [PMID: 7612158 DOI: 10.1016/0893-133x(94)00082-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous administration of sodium lactate in concentrations (0.5 M, 2 M) previously shown to elicit panic attacks in patients with panic disorder was found to cause a prompt and short-lasting increase in blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats and in normotensive Wistar rats; in contrast, only weak and nonsignificant effects of lactate were observed in rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain. The effects of lactate on heart rate in SH rats varied; thus, whereas most rats displayed a modest bradycardia during lactate infusions, in some rats the increase in blood pressure was accompanied by an increase in heart rate. After pretreatment with antipanic medication [the serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor clomipramine (10 mg/kg/day, 3 weeks) or the triazolobenzodiazepine alprazolam (2 mg/kg/day, 3 weeks)], the blood pressure response to sodium lactate in SH rats was significantly blunted; in contrast, acute pretreatment with clomipramine (10 mg/kg) did not reduce the response. It is suggested that further studies on the cardiovascular effects of sodium lactate in SH or Wistar rats may shed further light on the mechanisms underlying the panic-provoking effect of lactate in panic disorder patients and on the mode of action of antipanic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Wikander
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Backe J, Roos T, Kaesemann H, Martius J, Ott M. [Local therapy and adjuvant interferon therapy in genital papilloma virus infections]. Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch 1995; 35:79-84. [PMID: 7620386 DOI: 10.1159/000272489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Is it possible to reduce the recurrence rates of HPV-positive genital tract lesions by systemic interferon alfa-2a in addition to local therapy? METHODS Thirty-three of 63 patients with first manifestation of papillomavirus infection or monolocal manifestation were treated by local therapy. The other 30 patients with recurrent or multiorgan infections received 3 courses with 12 x 10(6) IU interferon alfa-2a subcutaneously. RESULTS For the remaining 47 patients (16 were lost to follow-up) we found a significantly lower recurrence rate of 21% (5 of 24) in the group of interferon-treated patients compared to 52% (12 of 23) of patients treated without interferon. CONCLUSIONS The systemic treatment of HPV-positive genital tract lesions with interferon alfa-2a in addition to CO2 laser surgery or cone biopsy seems to reduce the recurrence rates of HPV-positive lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Backe
- Universitätsfrauenklinik Würzburg, Deutschland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Gross U, Bohne W, Schröder J, Roos T, Heesemann J. Comparison of a commercial enzyme immunoassay and an immunoblot technique for detection of immunoglobulin A antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1993; 12:636-9. [PMID: 8223666 DOI: 10.1007/bf01973647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A commercial enzyme immunoassay (Platelia-Toxo IgA) and an immunoblot technique were compared with regard to their ability to detect IgA antibodies to the major surface protein P30(SAG1) of Toxoplasma gondii in 105 serum samples from patients with suspected or proven acquired toxoplasmosis. Comparison of the IgA-EIA with the immunoblot technique showed a concordance of 81.0%, with a sensitivity of 92.6% and a specificity of 78.4%. Due to its high sensitivity the IgA-EIA might detect IgA antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii at an early stage of infection, although excessive sensitivity could lead to detection of IgA antibodies for an extended period of time following the onset of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Gross
- Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Roos T, Martius J, Gross U, Schrod L. Systematic serologic screening for toxoplasmosis in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1993; 81:243-50. [PMID: 8423959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine which serologic method or combination of methods could most effectively identify acute toxoplasmosis during pregnancy and to assess whether systematic screening is practical and cost-effective. METHODS Using basic serologic tests (direct agglutination test and immunosorbent agglutination assay), we screened 2104 women for toxoplasmosis. Immunoglobulin M (IgM)-reactive patients (IgM immunosorbent agglutination assay score of at least 3) were studied by differentiating serologic tests performed sequentially. RESULTS Specific immunity was found in 874 pregnant women (41.6%); 155 (7.4%) were IgM-reactive and 12 (0.6%) had acute toxoplasmosis. Using a reduced immunosorbent agglutination assay score of at least 3 (normally a score of at least 6 is used), acute toxoplasmosis was identified in 11 women at their first prenatal visit, including two in whom acute infection would not have been detected by a score of 6 or more until 9 weeks later. One additional nonimmune patient with acute infection was identified only by follow-up serologic testing. CONCLUSION Systematic screening followed by sequential differentiating serologic tests is practical and cost-effective for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis during pregnancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Roos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gross U, Roos T, Appoldt D, Heesemann J. Improved serological diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection by detection of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgM antibodies against P30 by using the immunoblot technique. J Clin Microbiol 1992; 30:1436-41. [PMID: 1624560 PMCID: PMC265306 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.30.6.1436-1441.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgA antibodies against the major surface protein of Toxoplasma gondii were determined in a total of 195 human sera and five human cerebrospinal fluids by using a P30 membrane extract and the immunoblot technique. By using two different T. gondii strains (RH and BK) simultaneously as antigens, we were able to demonstrate diagnostically important strain-specific human antibody responses in 4.5% of the samples tested. A comparison of the immunoblot technique with an IgM immunocapture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that the IgM and IgA immunoblot seems to be of advantage in the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis in certain groups of patients, especially in the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis in patients with AIDS. The immunoblot technique described is easy to perform and might be useful as an additional serological assay for routine diagnosis of T. gondii infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Gross
- Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gross U, Müller J, Roos T, Schrod L, Heesemann J. Possible reasons for failure of conventional tests for diagnosis of fatal congenital toxoplasmosis: report of a case diagnosed by PCR and immunoblot. Infection 1992; 20:149-52. [PMID: 1644491 DOI: 10.1007/bf01704606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis of subclinical congenital toxoplasmosis has to rely on serological methods or isolation of the parasite. We present a case of congenital toxoplasmosis, in which conventional tests failed to establish the diagnosis. It was shown that this infant developed an intrathecal antibody response that was directed only against one of two Toxoplasma gondii strains used for routine diagnosis. In contrast to conventional tests, the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis could be established by using immunoblot and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We therefore suggest that in unclarified cases, PCR and immunoblot, using at least two different strains of T. gondii, should be considered as additional tools for diagnosis of an infection with Toxoplasma and that examination of cerebrospinal fluid may be critical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U Gross
- Institut für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie, Universität Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Seelbach-Göbel B, Kaesemann H, Roos T. [Doppler ultrasonography differential diagnosis in twin pregnancies]. Z Geburtshilfe Perinatol 1992; 196:26-32. [PMID: 1549917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The prognostic value of Doppler sonography concerning the estimation of fetal weight and risk in case of fetal growth discrepancy was examined on the basis of 41 twin pregnancies. Between the 25th and 40th week of gestation we did 132 pulsed Doppler measurements of the thoracic aorta and umbilical artery of both fetuses. The prenatal Doppler values--the pulsatility index in aorta and umbilical artery respectively the maximal aortic flow velocity--were set against postnatal clinical data and morphological findings of placenta and umbilical cord. From a weight discrepancy of more than 20% a correlation between pulsatility difference in fetal aorta and particularly in umbilical artery with weight difference is evident. On the other hand conclusions only from discrepant Doppler values can't be drawn concerning divergent weight development. The difference between measured and normal Doppler values is decisive for the fetal outcome. Our standard Doppler values drawn from 27 normal twin pregnancies don't differ from those of normal single pregnancies. The worst prognostic criterion was the diastolic zero-flow in the umbilical artery. In case of a decreased but still detectable diastolic bloodflow the birth and neonatal condition were often normal, although the birth weight was low. In case of fetal transfusion syndrome these criteria can't be used to judge the fetal risk. On the one hand we found a normal pulsatility index in the umbilical artery of donor and recipient twin. On the other hand the maximal aortic flow velocity may be increased and the pulsatility index in this vessel may be decreased in donor as well as in recipient twin. This depends on the extent of fetal anemia respectively of cardial compensation.
Collapse
|