1
|
de Oliveira NG, de Oliveira LF, da Silva RP, Oliveira TN, Möller GB, Murasaki J, Ramires MA, Azevedo RDA, Artioli GG, Roschel H, Gualano B, Saunders B. Trehalose Improved 20-min Cycling Time-Trial Performance After 100-min Cycling in Amateur Cyclists. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38458180 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2023-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation during endurance exercise can improve performance. However, it is unclear whether low glycemic index (GI) CHO leads to differential ergogenic and metabolic effects compared with a standard high GI CHO. This study investigated the ergogenic and metabolic effects of CHO supplementation with distinct GIs, namely, (a) trehalose (30 g/hr), (b) isomaltulose (30 g/hr), (c) maltodextrin (60 g/hr), and (d) placebo (water). In this double-blind, crossover, counterbalanced, placebo-controlled study, 13 male cyclists cycled a total of 100 min at varied exercise intensity (i.e., 10-min stages at 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 W/kg; repeated three times plus two 5-min stages at 1.0 W/kg before and after the protocol), followed by a 20-min time trial on four separated occasions. Blood glucose and lactate (every 20 min), heart rate, and ratings of perceived exertion were collected throughout, and muscle biopsies were taken before and immediately after exercise. The results showed that trehalose improved time-trial performance compared with placebo (total work done 302 ± 39 vs. 287 ± 48 kJ; p = .01), with no other differences between sessions (all p ≥ .07). Throughout the 100-min protocol, blood glucose was higher with maltodextrin compared with the other supplements at all time points (all p < .05). Heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, muscle glycogen content, blood glucose, and lactate were not different between conditions when considering the 20-min time trial (all p > .05). Trehalose supplementation throughout endurance exercise improved cycling performance and appears to be an appropriate CHO source for exercise tasks up to 2 hr. No ergogenic superiority between the different types of CHO was established.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Gobbi de Oliveira
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Farias de Oliveira
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pires da Silva
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamires Nunes Oliveira
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Berwig Möller
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Murasaki
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel Antônio Ramires
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafael de Almeida Azevedo
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Giannini Artioli
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Roschel
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gualano
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bryan Saunders
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group - Center of Lifestyle Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Marticorena FM, Barreto GC, Guardieiro NM, Esteves GP, Oliveira TN, de Oliveira LF, Pinto ALDS, Riani L, Prado DM, Saunders B, Gualano B. Performing moderate to severe activity is safe and tolerable for healthy youth while wearing a cloth facemask. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282475. [PMID: 36877666 PMCID: PMC9987789 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate if a cloth facemask could affect physiological and perceptual responses to exercise at distinct exercise intensities in healthy young individuals. METHODS Nine participants (sex, female/male: 6/3; age: 13±1 years; VO2peak: 44.5±5.5 mL/kg/min) underwent a progressive square-wave test at four intensities: (1) 80% of ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT), (2) VAT, and (3) 40% between VAT and [Formula: see text] wearing a triple-layered cloth facemask or not. Participants then completed a final stage to exhaustion at a running speed equivalent to the maximum achieved during the cardio-respiratory exercise test (Peak). Physiological, metabolic, and perceptual measures were measured. RESULTS Mask did not affect spirometry (forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory volume; all p≥0.27), respiratory (inspiratory capacity, end-expiratory volume [EELV] to functional vital capacity ratio, EELV, respiratory frequency [Rf], tidal volume [VT], Rf/VT, end-tidal carbo dioxide pressure, ventilatory equivalent to carbon dioxide ratio; all p≥0.196), hemodynamic (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure; all p>0.41), ratings of perceived exertion (p = 0.04) or metabolic measures (lactate; p = 0.78) at rest or at any exercise intensity. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that performing moderate to severe activity is safe and tolerable for healthy youth while wearing a cloth facemask. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04887714.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Miguel Marticorena
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Castanho Barreto
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália Mendes Guardieiro
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Perri Esteves
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamires Nunes Oliveira
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Farias de Oliveira
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia de Sá Pinto
- Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Rheumatology Division, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Riani
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Danilo Mendes Prado
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bryan Saunders
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gualano
- Applied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport, Rheumatology Division, Faculty of Medicine FMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Assessment and Conditioning in Rheumatology, Rheumatology Division, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Food Research Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Coelho DR, De-Oliveira A, Parente T, Leal BS, das Chagas LF, Oliveira TN, Saint'Pierre TD, Paumgartten F. In vivo and in vitro effects of pentavalent antimony on mouse liver cytochrome P450s. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:33-41. [PMID: 26944940 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116637110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pentavalent antimonial (Sb5+) drugs such as meglumine antimoniate (MA) are the mainstay treatment of leishmaniases in developing countries. The effects of these compounds on drug-metabolizing enzymes have not been characterized and their potential pharmacokinetic interactions with other drugs are therefore unknown. The present study investigated whether treatment with MA (300 mg Sb5+/kg body weight/day, subcutaneously) for 24 days affected the activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A (ethoxyresorufin- O-deethylase), CYP2A5 (coumarin 7-hydroxylase), CYP2E1 ( p-nitrophenol-hydroxylase), CYP2B9/10 (benzyloxy-resorufin- O-debenzylase), or CYP3A11 (erythromycin- N-demethylase) in the livers of Swiss Webster (SW) and DBA-2 male and female mice. The results showed that CYP2A5-, CYP2E1-, and CYP3A11-catalyzed reactions were unaffected by MA treatment. A decrease in CYP2B9/10 activity was noted in DBA-2 females (but not males) and was not observed in SW males or females. However, repeated MA administration reduced mouse liver CYP1A activity. CYP1A2 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were not affected by MA and in vitro exposure of mouse liver microsomes to Sb3+ and Sb5+ did not reduce CYP1A activity. These findings suggested that in vivo treatment with Sb5+ drugs depressed CYP1A activity, without downregulating CYP1A2 mRNA expression. Since in vitro treatment of liver microsomes failed to inhibit CYP1A activity, this effect may require intact cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D R Coelho
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Acax De-Oliveira
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tem Parente
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B S Leal
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L F das Chagas
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T N Oliveira
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T D Saint'Pierre
- 2 Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fjr Paumgartten
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|