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Scholz J, Finnerup NB, Attal N, Aziz Q, Baron R, Bennett MI, Benoliel R, Cohen M, Cruccu G, Davis KD, Evers S, First M, Giamberardino MA, Hansson P, Kaasa S, Korwisi B, Kosek E, Lavand’homme P, Nicholas M, Nurmikko T, Perrot S, Raja SN, Rice ASC, Rowbotham MC, Schug S, Simpson DM, Smith BH, Svensson P, Vlaeyen JW, Wang SJ, Barke A, Rief W, Treede RD. The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11: chronic neuropathic pain. Pain 2019; 160:53-59. [PMID: 30586071 PMCID: PMC6310153 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 462] [Impact Index Per Article: 92.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The upcoming 11th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) of the World Health Organization (WHO) offers a unique opportunity to improve the representation of painful disorders. For this purpose, the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) has convened an interdisciplinary task force of pain specialists. Here, we present the case for a reclassification of nervous system lesions or diseases associated with persistent or recurrent pain for ≥3 months. The new classification lists the most common conditions of peripheral neuropathic pain: trigeminal neuralgia, peripheral nerve injury, painful polyneuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, and painful radiculopathy. Conditions of central neuropathic pain include pain caused by spinal cord or brain injury, poststroke pain, and pain associated with multiple sclerosis. Diseases not explicitly mentioned in the classification are captured in residual categories of ICD-11. Conditions of chronic neuropathic pain are either insufficiently defined or missing in the current version of the ICD, despite their prevalence and clinical importance. We provide the short definitions of diagnostic entities for which we submitted more detailed content models to the WHO. Definitions and content models were established in collaboration with the Classification Committee of the IASP's Neuropathic Pain Special Interest Group (NeuPSIG). Up to 10% of the general population experience neuropathic pain. The majority of these patients do not receive satisfactory relief with existing treatments. A precise classification of chronic neuropathic pain in ICD-11 is necessary to document this public health need and the therapeutic challenges related to chronic neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Scholz
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nanna B. Finnerup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Pain Research Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nadine Attal
- INSERM U 987 and Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Ambroise Paré, Boulogne Billancourt, France and Université Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines, Versailles, France
| | - Qasim Aziz
- Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Centre for Neuroscience and Trauma, Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ralf Baron
- Department of Neurology, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael I. Bennett
- Academic Unit of Palliative Care, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Rafael Benoliel
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Milton Cohen
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Giorgio Cruccu
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Karen D. Davis
- Department of Surgery and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, and Division of Brain, Imaging and Behavior in Systems Neuroscience, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stefan Evers
- Department of Neurology, Krankenhaus Lindenbrunn, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael First
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Adele Giamberardino
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, and Centro Studi dell’ Invecchiamento e Medicina Traslazionale (CeSI-Met), G D’Annunzio University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Per Hansson
- Department of Pain Management and Research Division of Emergencies and Critical Care, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway, and Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stein Kaasa
- European Palliative Care Research Centre (PRC); Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Beatrice Korwisi
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Eva Kosek
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patricia Lavand’homme
- Department of Anesthesiology and Acute Postoperative Pain Service, Saint Luc Hospital, Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michael Nicholas
- Pain Management Research Institute, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Turo Nurmikko
- Institute of Aging and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Serge Perrot
- Pain Clinic, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Paris Descartes University, INSERM U 987, Paris, France
| | - Srinivasa N. Raja
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Andrew S. C. Rice
- Pain Research, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael C. Rowbotham
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Stephan Schug
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, and Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - David M. Simpson
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Blair H. Smith
- Division of Population Health Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Peter Svensson
- Section of Clinical Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark, and Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Johan W.S. Vlaeyen
- Research Group Health Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium and Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Shuu-Jiun Wang
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Antonia Barke
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Rief
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Department of Neurophysiology, CBTM, Medical Faculty Mannheim of Heidelberg University, Germany
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