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Li J, Ma A, Zhang R, Chen Y, Bolyard C, Zhao B, Wang C, Pich T, Li W, Sun N, Ma Q, Wen H, Clinton SK, Carson WE, Li Z, Xin G. Targeting metabolic sensing switch GPR84 on macrophages for cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:52. [PMID: 38349405 PMCID: PMC10864225 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03603-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As one of the major components of the tumor microenvironment, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) possess profound inhibitory activity against T cells and facilitate tumor escape from immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Converting this pro-tumorigenic toward the anti-tumorigenic phenotype thus is an important strategy for enhancing adaptive immunity against cancer. However, a plethora of mechanisms have been described for pro-tumorigenic differentiation in cancer, metabolic switches to program the anti-tumorigenic property of TAMs are elusive. MATERIALS AND METHODS From an unbiased analysis of single-cell transcriptome data from multiple tumor models, we discovered that anti-tumorigenic TAMs uniquely express elevated levels of a specific fatty acid receptor, G-protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84). Genetic ablation of GPR84 in mice leads to impaired pro-inflammatory polarization of macrophages, while enhancing their anti-inflammatory phenotype. By contrast, GPR84 activation by its agonist, 6-n-octylaminouracil (6-OAU), potentiates pro-inflammatory phenotype via the enhanced STAT1 pathway. Moreover, 6-OAU treatment significantly retards tumor growth and increases the anti-tumor efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. CONCLUSION Overall, we report a previously unappreciated fatty acid receptor, GPR84, that serves as an important metabolic sensing switch for orchestrating anti-tumorigenic macrophage polarization. Pharmacological agonists of GPR84 hold promise to reshape and reverse the immunosuppressive TME, and thereby restore responsiveness of cancer to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anjun Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ruohan Zhang
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yao Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chelsea Bolyard
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Bao Zhao
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Cankun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Thera Pich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Wantong Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Nuo Sun
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Haitao Wen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steven K Clinton
- Department of Urology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - William E Carson
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Gang Xin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 460 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
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