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Tusup M, Cheng PF, Picardi E, Raziunaite A, Dummer R, Levesque MP, French LE, Guenova E, Kundig TM, Pascolo S. Correction: Tusup et al. Evaluation of the Interplay between the ADAR Editome and Immunotherapy in Melanoma. Non-Coding RNA 2021, 7, 5. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8060079. [PMID: 36412914 PMCID: PMC9680213 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8060079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the original article [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tusup
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Phil F. Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ernesto Picardi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Austeja Raziunaite
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell P. Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lars E. French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Emmanuella Guenova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M. Kundig
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Steve Pascolo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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Tusup M, Cheng PF, Picardi E, Raziunaite A, Dummer R, Levesque MP, French LE, Guenova E, Kundig TM, Pascolo S. Evaluation of the Interplay between the ADAR Editome and Immunotherapy in Melanoma. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:ncrna7010005. [PMID: 33445472 PMCID: PMC7838980 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: RNA editing is a highly conserved posttranscriptional mechanism that contributes to transcriptome diversity. In mammals, it includes nucleobase deaminations that convert cytidine (C) into uridine (U) and adenosine (A) into inosine (I). Evidence from cancer studies indicates that RNA-editing enzymes promote certain mechanisms of tumorigenesis. On the other hand, recoding editing in mRNA can generate mutations in proteins that can participate in the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) ligandome and can therefore be recognized by the adaptive immune system. Anti-cancer treatment based on the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors enhance these natural anti-cancer immune responses. Results: Based on RNA-Seq datasets, we evaluated the editome of melanoma cell lines generated from patients pre- and post-immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Our results reveal a differential editing in Arthrobacter luteus (Alu) sequences between samples pre-therapy and relapses during therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Conclusion: These data pave the way towards the development of new diagnostics and therapies targeted to editing that could help in preventing relapses during immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Tusup
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.T.); (P.F.C.); (A.R.); (R.D.); (M.P.L.); (L.E.F.); (E.G.); (T.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Phil F. Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.T.); (P.F.C.); (A.R.); (R.D.); (M.P.L.); (L.E.F.); (E.G.); (T.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ernesto Picardi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy;
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Austeja Raziunaite
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.T.); (P.F.C.); (A.R.); (R.D.); (M.P.L.); (L.E.F.); (E.G.); (T.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Reinhard Dummer
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.T.); (P.F.C.); (A.R.); (R.D.); (M.P.L.); (L.E.F.); (E.G.); (T.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mitchell P. Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.T.); (P.F.C.); (A.R.); (R.D.); (M.P.L.); (L.E.F.); (E.G.); (T.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lars E. French
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.T.); (P.F.C.); (A.R.); (R.D.); (M.P.L.); (L.E.F.); (E.G.); (T.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Emmanuella Guenova
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.T.); (P.F.C.); (A.R.); (R.D.); (M.P.L.); (L.E.F.); (E.G.); (T.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, Lausanne University Hospital and Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M. Kundig
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.T.); (P.F.C.); (A.R.); (R.D.); (M.P.L.); (L.E.F.); (E.G.); (T.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Steve Pascolo
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zürich, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.T.); (P.F.C.); (A.R.); (R.D.); (M.P.L.); (L.E.F.); (E.G.); (T.M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
- Correspondence:
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Mohsen MO, Heath MD, Cabral-Miranda G, Lipp C, Zeltins A, Sande M, Stein JV, Riether C, Roesti E, Zha L, Engeroff P, El-Turabi A, Kundig TM, Vogel M, Skinner MA, Speiser DE, Knuth A, Kramer MF, Bachmann MF. Correction to: Vaccination with nanoparticles combined with micro-adjuvants protects against cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:137. [PMID: 31122271 PMCID: PMC6532182 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0616-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mona O Mohsen
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. .,National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Doha, State of Qatar.
| | | | - Gustavo Cabral-Miranda
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cyrill Lipp
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andris Zeltins
- Latvian Biomedical Research & Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Marcos Sande
- Institute of anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jens V Stein
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Riether
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Roesti
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lisha Zha
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,International Immunology Center, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Paul Engeroff
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Aadil El-Turabi
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas M Kundig
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monique Vogel
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniel E Speiser
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Knuth
- National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Doha, State of Qatar
| | | | - Martin F Bachmann
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Mohsen MO, Vogel M, Riether C, Muller J, Salatino S, Ternette N, Gomes AC, Cabral-Miranda G, El-Turabi A, Ruedl C, Kundig TM, Dermime S, Knuth A, Speiser DE, Bachmann MF. Targeting Mutated Plus Germline Epitopes Confers Pre-clinical Efficacy of an Instantly Formulated Cancer Nano-Vaccine. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1015. [PMID: 31156619 PMCID: PMC6532571 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Personalized cancer vaccines hold promises for future cancer therapy. Targeting neoantigens is perceived as more beneficial compared to germline, non-mutated antigens. However, it is a practical challenge to identify and vaccinate patients with neoantigens. Here we asked whether two neoantigens are sufficient, and whether the addition of germline antigens would enhance the therapeutic efficacy. We developed and used a personalized cancer nano-vaccine platform based on virus-like particles loaded with toll-like receptor ligands. We generated three sets of multi-target vaccines (MTV) to immunize against the aggressive B16F10 murine melanoma: one set based on germline epitopes (GL-MTV) identified by immunopeptidomics, another set based on mutated epitopes (Mutated-MTV) predicted by whole exome sequencing and a last set combines both germline and mutated epitopes (Mix-MTV). Our results demonstrate that both germline and mutated epitopes induced protection but the best therapeutic effect was achieved with the combination of both. Our platform is based on Cu-free click chemistry used for peptide-VLP coupling, thus enabling bedside production of a personalized cancer vaccine, ready for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona O Mohsen
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,National Center for Cancer Care & Research, Doha, Qatar
| | - Monique Vogel
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Riether
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julius Muller
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Salatino
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Ternette
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ariane C Gomes
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Gustavo Cabral-Miranda
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Aadil El-Turabi
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christiane Ruedl
- Division of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thomas M Kundig
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Said Dermime
- National Center for Cancer Care & Research, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Daniel E Speiser
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Martin F Bachmann
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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5
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Mohsen MO, Heath MD, Cabral-Miranda G, Lipp C, Zeltins A, Sande M, Stein JV, Riether C, Roesti E, Zha L, Engeroff P, El-Turabi A, Kundig TM, Vogel M, Skinner MA, Speiser DE, Knuth A, Kramer MF, Bachmann MF. Vaccination with nanoparticles combined with micro-adjuvants protects against cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:114. [PMID: 31027511 PMCID: PMC6485085 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0587-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Induction of strong T cell responses, in particular cytotoxic T cells, is a key for the generation of efficacious therapeutic cancer vaccines which yet, remains a major challenge for the vaccine developing world. Here we demonstrate that it is possible to harness the physiological properties of the lymphatic system to optimize the induction of a protective T cell response. Indeed, the lymphatic system sharply distinguishes between nanoscale and microscale particles. The former reaches the fenestrated lymphatic system via diffusion, while the latter either need to be transported by dendritic cells or form a local depot. METHODS Our previously developed cucumber-mosaic virus-derived nanoparticles termed (CuMVTT-VLPs) incorporating a universal Tetanus toxoid epitope TT830-843 were assessed for their draining kinetics using stereomicroscopic imaging. A nano-vaccine has been generated by coupling p33 epitope as a model antigen to CuMVTT-VLPs using bio-orthogonal Cu-free click chemistry. The CuMVTT-p33 nano-sized vaccine has been next formulated with the micron-sized microcrystalline tyrosine (MCT) adjuvant and the formed depot effect was studied using confocal microscopy and trafficking experiments. The immunogenicity of the nanoparticles combined with the micron-sized adjuvant was next assessed in an aggressive transplanted murine melanoma model. The obtained results were compared to other commonly used adjuvants such as B type CpGs and Alum. RESULTS Our results showed that CuMVTT-VLPs can efficiently and rapidly drain into the lymphatic system due to their nano-size of ~ 30 nm. However, formulating the nanoparticles with the micron-sized MCT adjuvant of ~ 5 μM resulted in a local depot for the nanoparticles and a longer exposure time for the immune system. The preclinical nano-vaccine CuMVTT-p33 formulated with the micron-sized MCT adjuvant has enhanced the specific T cell response in the stringent B16F10p33 murine melanoma model. Furthermore, the micron-sized MCT adjuvant was as potent as B type CpGs and clearly superior to the commonly used Alum adjuvant when total CD8+, specific p33 T cell response or tumour protection were assessed. CONCLUSION The combination of nano- and micro-particles may optimally harness the physiological properties of the lymphatic system. Since the nanoparticles are well defined virus-like particles and the micron-sized adjuvant MCT has been used for decades in allergen-specific desensitization, this approach may readily be translated to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona O Mohsen
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. .,National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Doha, State of Qatar.
| | | | - Gustavo Cabral-Miranda
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cyrill Lipp
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andris Zeltins
- Latvian Biomedical Research & Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Marcos Sande
- Institute of anatomy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jens V Stein
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carsten Riether
- Department of Medical Oncology, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisa Roesti
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lisha Zha
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,International Immunology Center, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Paul Engeroff
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Aadil El-Turabi
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas M Kundig
- Department of dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Monique Vogel
- Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Daniel E Speiser
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Knuth
- National Center for Cancer Care & Research (NCCCR), Doha, State of Qatar
| | | | - Martin F Bachmann
- Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Department of BioMedical Research, Immunology RIA, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Graf N, Dinkel B, Rose H, Hothorn LA, Gerhard D, Johansen P, Kundig TM, Klimek L, Senti G. A critical appraisal of analyzing nasal provocation test results in allergen immunotherapy trials. Rhinology 2014; 52:137-41. [PMID: 24932625 DOI: 10.4193/rhino13.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The statistical analysis of nasal provocation tests is very complex. We compared the conventional analysis with the maximally selected test statistics and the hierarchical ordered logistic model. METHODS We re-analyzed data from a trial with 112 patients suffering from grass pollen allergy. The patients had been randomized to receive either intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) or subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). RESULTS The conventional analysis indicated that the logarithmized ratio between the pre- and the post-treatment threshold concentration was significantly lower for ILIT than for SCIT. The maximally selected test statistics was used to test different threshold symptom scores that would imply positive clinical symptoms at the given allergen concentration. A threshold score of 3 maximised the difference in improvement between the ILIT and the SCIT groups. The hierarchical ordered logistic model does not take threshold allergen concentrations as the basis for analysis, but the single scores measured at each concentration. This approach simultaneously considers the treatment effect (ILIT versus SCIT), the time effect (pre- versus post-treatment), and the dose effect (different allergen concentrations). The hierarchical ordered logistic model revealed that the clinical improvement was greater after ILIT than after SCIT. CONCLUSION As the choice of method can affect the outcome, guidelines for analysis are highly needed.
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Graf N, Johansen P, Schindler C, Wuthrich B, Ackermann-Liebrich U, Gassner M, Kundig TM, Senti G. Analysis of the Relationship between Pollinosis and Date of Birth in Switzerland. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2007; 143:269-75. [PMID: 17351326 DOI: 10.1159/000100572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2006] [Accepted: 01/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first months of life may represent a vulnerable period in the development of atopic diseases. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the month of birth and the development of birch and grass pollen allergy in the Swiss population. METHODS Data from the Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults(SAPALDIA) as well as the Swiss Study on Childhood Allergy and Respiratory Symptoms with Respect to Air Pollution and Climate (SCARPOL) were used. A logistic regression was calculated with grass and birch pollen sensitisation (positive skin prick test) or allergy (positive skin prick test and allergic symptoms) as outcome variables and the season of birth as predictor variable. The contribution of the season of birth on pollinosis was further adjusted for well-known risk factors and potential confounding variables. RESULTS The logistic regression revealed a significant effect of the season of birth on birch pollen sensitisation and an effect of borderline significance on birch pollen allergy, i.e. subjects born in the pollen season (March to April) showed an increased risk of being sensitised/allergic to birch pollen. The results also indicated a tendency towards an increased risk for subjects born in the grass pollen season (May to June) to develop grass pollen allergy. CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that the first few months of life constitute a sensitive period, during which inhalative exposure to certain allergens may predispose to the subsequent development of atopic respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Graf
- Unit for Experimental Immunotherapy, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Senti G, Steinmann LS, Fischer B, Kurmann R, Storni T, Johansen P, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Wuthrich B, Kundig TM. Antimicrobial silk clothing in the treatment of atopic dermatitis proves comparable to topical corticosteroid treatment. Dermatology 2007; 213:228-33. [PMID: 17033173 DOI: 10.1159/000095041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2005] [Accepted: 02/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is aggravated by mechanical irritation and bacterial colonization. OBJECTIVE This study compared the efficacy of an antimicrobial silk fabric (DermaSilk) with that of a topical corticosteroid in the treatment of AD. METHODS Fifteen children were enrolled and wore a dress, where the left side was made of DermaSilk and the right side was made of cotton. The right arm and leg were treated daily with the corticosteroid mometasone for 7 days. The treatment efficacy was measured with a modified EASI (Eczema Area and Severity Index) and with an assessment by the patients/parents and by a physician. All patients were evaluated at baseline, as well as 7 and 21 days after the initial examination. RESULTS All parameters showed that, irrespective of the treatment, there was a significant decrease of eczema after 7 days. No significant difference between DermaSilk-treated and corticosteroid-treated skin could be observed. CONCLUSION DermaSilk showed potential to become an effective treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Senti
- Unit for Experimental Immunotherapy, Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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9
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Senti G, Johansen P, Oliver R, Prinz Vavricka BM, Graf N, Wuthrich B, Kundig TM. A Cutaneous Allergen Neutralisation Test That Correlates with the Duration of Venom Immunotherapy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2006; 141:377-83. [PMID: 16943676 DOI: 10.1159/000095464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the well-documented efficacy of Hymenoptera specific immunotherapy (SIT), there is no safe method to reliably characterise the patient level of protection. Only poor correlations between protection and allergen-specific serum immunoglobulins have been found, and a sting challenge is the only means to evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy. Therefore, we aimed to develop a cutaneous test that measures in vivo neutralisation of the Hymenoptera venom. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four patients with wasp venom allergy were included in the study. Wasp-specific serum IgE, IgG and IgG4 were measured by ImmunoCAP. Dilutions of the individual patient sera were intradermally injected into the forearm. Then, wasp venom extract was injected into these sites to quantitatively assess the formation of wheals and flares. RESULTS The results show that during the course of SIT, patient sera gained the capacity to neutralise skin reactions to wasp venom extracts in vivo. The test correlated with the duration of SIT as well as with the concentration of IgG and IgG4. CONCLUSION The in vivo neutralisation test may become a promising tool in allergy diagnostics as well as in monitoring the success of SIT in patients undergoing allergen SIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Senti
- Unit for Experimental Immunotherapy, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Kundig TM, Renner C, Knuth A. [Cancer immunotherapy--current status]. Ther Umsch 2006; 63:262-6. [PMID: 16689457 DOI: 10.1024/0040-5930.63.4.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy includes passive and active strategies. Passive immunotherapy such as the use of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, and in a broader sense also of other immunological effector molecules, such as interferon-alpha is clinically established. The efficacy of passive immunotherapy attests to the fact that the immune system can successfully fight cancer. The logical next step is therefore to develop strategies for active immunotherapy, i.e. "vaccines against cancer". This review focuses on the current status of active immunotherapy with respect to clinical application. Although active immunotherapy is still in the experimental stage, the data are highly encouraging and it is expected that vaccination will soon become part of cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Kundig
- Arbeitsgruppe für Experimentelle Immuntherapie, Zürich.
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Schlaepfer E, Audigé A, von Beust B, Manolova V, Weber M, Joller H, Bachmann MF, Kundig TM, Speck RF. CpG oligodeoxynucleotides block human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in human lymphoid tissue infected ex vivo. J Virol 2004; 78:12344-54. [PMID: 15507621 PMCID: PMC525063 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.78.22.12344-12354.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) with immunomodulatory motifs control a number of microbial infections in animal models, presumably by acting through toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) to induce a number of cytokines (e.g., alpha interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha). The immunomodulatory motif consists of unmethylated sequences of cytosine and guanosine (CpG motif). ODNs without CpG motifs do not trigger TLR9. We hypothesized that triggering of TLR9 generates a cellular environment unfavorable for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication. We tested this hypothesis in human lymphocyte cultures and found that phosphorothioate-modified ODN CpG2006 (type B ODNs) inhibited HIV replication nearly completely and prevented the loss of CD4(+) T cells. ODNs CpG2216 and CpG10 (type A ODNs) were less effective. CpG2006 blocked HIV replication in purified CD4(+) T cells and T-cell lines; CpG10 was ineffective in this setting, indicating that type A ODNs may inhibit HIV replication in CD4(+) T-cell lines indirectly through a separate cell subset. However, control ODNs without CpG motifs also showed anti-HIV effects, indicating that these effects are nonspecific and not due to TLR9 triggering. The mechanism of action is not clear. CpG2006 and its control ODN blocked syncytium formation in a cell fusion-based assay, but CpG10, CpG2216, and their control ODNs did not. The latter types interfered with the HIV replication cycle during disassembly or reverse transcription. In contrast, CpG2006 and CpG2216 specifically induced cytokines critical to initiation of the innate immune response. In summary, the nonspecific anti-HIV activity of CpG ODNs, their ability to stimulate HIV replication in latently infected cells, potentially resulting in their elimination, and their documented ability to link the innate and adaptive immune responses make them attractive candidates for further study as anti-HIV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Schlaepfer
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
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Oxenius A, Price DA, Hersberger M, Schlaepfer E, Weber R, Weber M, Kundig TM, Böni J, Joller H, Phillips RE, Flepp M, Opravil M, Speck RF. HIV‐Specific Cellular Immune Response Is Inversely Correlated with Disease Progression as Defined by Decline of CD4+T Cells in Relation to HIV RNA Load. J Infect Dis 2004; 189:1199-208. [PMID: 15031788 DOI: 10.1086/382028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2003] [Accepted: 09/11/2003] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The average time between infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and development of acquired immune deficiency syndrome is approximately 8 years. However, progression rates vary widely, depending on several determinants, including HIV-specific immunity, host genetic factors, and virulence of the infecting strain. In untreated HIV-infected patients with different progression rates, we examined HIV-specific T cell responses in combination with host genetic markers, such as chemokine/chemokine-receptor (CCR) polymorphisms and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes. HIV-specific CD4(+) T cell responses and, to a lesser extent, HIV-specific CD8(+) T cell responses were inversely correlated with progression rate. Slower progression was not related to polymorphisms in CCR genes, HLA genotype, or GB virus C coinfection. These data suggest that HIV-specific T cell responses are involved in protecting the host from disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Oxenius
- Institute for Microbiology, Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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13
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Amakawa R, Hakem A, Kundig TM, Matsuyama T, Simard JJ, Timms E, Wakeham A, Mittruecker HW, Griesser H, Takimoto H, Schmits R, Shahinian A, Ohashi P, Penninger JM, Mak TW. Impaired negative selection of T cells in Hodgkin's disease antigen CD30-deficient mice. Cell 1996; 84:551-62. [PMID: 8598042 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
CD30 is found on Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease and on a variety of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells and is up-regulated on cells after Epstein-Barr virus, human T cell leukemia virus, and HIV infections. We report here that the thymus in CD30-deficient mice contains elevated numbers of thymocytes. Activation-induced death of thymocytes after CD3 cross-linking is impaired both in vitro and in vivo. Breeding the CD30 mutation separately into alpha beta TCR-or gamma delta TCR-transgenic mice revealed a gross defect in negative but not positive selection. Thus, like TNF-receptors and Fas/Apo-1, the CD30 receptor is involved in cell death signaling. It is also an important coreceptor that participates in thymic deletion.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/cytology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Base Sequence
- Cell Death/immunology
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cell Separation
- Gene Deletion
- Gene Expression/immunology
- Hodgkin Disease/immunology
- Ki-1 Antigen/genetics
- Ki-1 Antigen/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Superantigens/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/ultrastructure
- Thymus Gland/cytology
- Thymus Gland/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- R Amakawa
- Amgen Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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