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Normand AT, Wu Y, Régnier T, Fleurat-Lessard P, Rousselin Y, Théron B, Le Gendre P, Carta M. Poly(vinyl chloride) Dechlorination Catalyzed by Zirconium. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304005. [PMID: 38314958 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Poly(vinyl chloride) undergoes dechlorination in the presence of triethylsilane (Et3SiH) and a catalytic amount of [Cp2Zr(NPh2)][CH3B(C6F5)3] (1 b) at 40-80 °C, with up to 91 % efficiency. Stoichiometric reactivity studies conducted on cyclohexyl chloride as a model suggest that 1 b dechlorinates PVC by initial chloride abstraction, followed by hydride transfer to the cationic PVC chain from Et3SiH. Consumer items such as pipe fitting, vinyl disc or electric cable insulation undergo either dechlorination or hydrosilylation of the carbonyl-containing copolymer (polyvinyl acetate) or plasticizer (phthalate).
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien T Normand
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, SA2 8 PP, Swansea, Wales
| | - Tiffanie Régnier
- Plateforme d'Analyse de l'Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (PACSMUB), 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Paul Fleurat-Lessard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Yoann Rousselin
- Plateforme d'Analyse de l'Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (PACSMUB), 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Benjamin Théron
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Le Gendre
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), 9 avenue Alain Savary, 21078, Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Mariolino Carta
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Singleton Park, SA2 8 PP, Swansea, Wales
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Terrat S, Horrigue W, Dequiedt S, Saby NPA, Lelièvre M, Nowak V, Tripied J, Régnier T, Jolivet C, Arrouays D, Wincker P, Cruaud C, Karimi B, Bispo A, Maron PA, Prévost-Bouré NC, Ranjard L. Correction: Mapping and predictive variations of soil bacterial richness across France. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268101. [PMID: 35500020 PMCID: PMC9060351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Abstract
Understanding how temperature affects the relative phenology of predators and prey is necessary to predict climate change impacts and recruitment variation. This study examines the role of temperature in the phenology of a key forage fish, the lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus, Raitt) and its copepod prey. Using time-series of temperature, fish larval and copepod abundance from a Scottish coastal monitoring site, the study quantifies how thermal relationships affect the match between hatching in sandeel and egg production of its copepod prey. While sandeel hatch time was found to be related to the rate of seasonal temperature decline during the autumn and winter through effects on gonad and egg development, variation in copepod timing mostly responded to February temperature. These two temperature relationships defined the degree of trophic mismatch which in turn explained variation in local sandeel recruitment. Projected warming scenarios indicated an increasing probability of phenological decoupling and concomitant decline in sandeel recruitment. This study sheds light on the mechanisms by which future warming could increase the trophic mismatch between predator and prey, and demonstrates the need to identify the temperature-sensitive stages in predator-prey phenology for predicting future responses to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Régnier
- Marine Scotland Science, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, Scotland, UK.
| | - F M Gibb
- Marine Scotland Science, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, Scotland, UK
| | - P J Wright
- Marine Scotland Science, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, Scotland, UK
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Terrat S, Horrigue W, Dequiedt S, Saby NPA, Lelièvre M, Nowak V, Tripied J, Régnier T, Jolivet C, Arrouays D, Wincker P, Cruaud C, Karimi B, Bispo A, Maron PA, Prévost-Bouré NC, Ranjard L. Correction: Mapping and predictive variations of soil bacterial richness across France. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0190128. [PMID: 29253898 PMCID: PMC5734764 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186766.].
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Terrat S, Horrigue W, Dequietd S, Saby NPA, Lelièvre M, Nowak V, Tripied J, Régnier T, Jolivet C, Arrouays D, Wincker P, Cruaud C, Karimi B, Bispo A, Maron PA, Chemidlin Prévost-Bouré N, Ranjard L. Mapping and predictive variations of soil bacterial richness across France. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186766. [PMID: 29059218 PMCID: PMC5653302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although numerous studies have demonstrated the key role of bacterial diversity in soil functions and ecosystem services, little is known about the variations and determinants of such diversity on a nationwide scale. The overall objectives of this study were i) to describe the bacterial taxonomic richness variations across France, ii) to identify the ecological processes (i.e. selection by the environment and dispersal limitation) influencing this distribution, and iii) to develop a statistical predictive model of soil bacterial richness. We used the French Soil Quality Monitoring Network (RMQS), which covers all of France with 2,173 sites. The soil bacterial richness (i.e. OTU number) was determined by pyrosequencing 16S rRNA genes and related to the soil characteristics, climatic conditions, geomorphology, land use and space. Mapping of bacterial richness revealed a heterogeneous spatial distribution, structured into patches of about 111km, where the main drivers were the soil physico-chemical properties (18% of explained variance), the spatial descriptors (5.25%, 1.89% and 1.02% for the fine, medium and coarse scales, respectively), and the land use (1.4%). Based on these drivers, a predictive model was developed, which allows a good prediction of the bacterial richness (R2adj of 0.56) and provides a reference value for a given pedoclimatic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Terrat
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Walid Horrigue
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Samuel Dequietd
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Virginie Nowak
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Battle Karimi
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Pierre Alain Maron
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | - Lionel Ranjard
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- * E-mail:
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