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Vakharia RM, Vakharia AM, Ameri B, Niedzielak T, Donnally CJ, Malloy JP. Hypothyroidism increases 90-day postoperative complications in patients undergoing primary single level anterior cervical disectomy and fusion: a matched control analysis. J Spine Surg 2018; 4:274-280. [PMID: 30069518 DOI: 10.21037/jss.2018.05.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is indicated for patients suffering from cervical radiculopathy, myelopathy, and degenerative disc disease, among other diseases. There is paucity in the literature regarding postoperative complications in patients undergoing primary ACDF with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism. The purpose of this study is to compare 90-day postoperative complications in patients with and without hypothyroidism undergoing primary ACDF. Methods A retrospective analysis was completed using a national administrative database known as Pearl Diver (Pearl Diver Technologies, Fort Wayne, Indiana) using the International Classification of Disease, ninth revision (ICD-9) codes. The study group consisted of patients having undergone ACDF with an active diagnosis of hypothyroidism 90 days prior to and on the day of surgery. Patients undergoing primary ACDF without hypothyroidism served as the control group. Patients in both groups were randomly matched according to age, gender, and Charlson-Comorbidity Index (CCI). The 90-day postoperative medical complications were assessed along with readmission rates and total cost of care. Results There were a total of 107,066 patients equally divided between the 2 cohorts. Patients with hypothyroidism had greater odds of developing complications such as non-healing surgical wound (OR: 2.27; P<0.001), pulmonary embolus (OR: 2.16; P<0.001), myocardial infarction (OR: 2.10; P<0.001), compared to patients in the control group after undergoing primary ACDF. Readmission rates were also higher in patients with hypothyroidism (OR: 1.45; P<0.001). Total cost of care was also greater in patients with hypothyroidism compared to patients without hypothyroidism undergoing primary ACDF. Conclusions Hypothyroidism is a risk factor for worse postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing primary ACDF. Appropriate preoperative optimization with thyroid hormone supplementation could potentially minimize the incidence of developing numerous medical complications, in addition to potentially lowering readmission rates and the total cost of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushabh M Vakharia
- Holy Cross Hospital, Orthopedic Research Institute, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | | | - Bijan Ameri
- Broward General Medical Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Timothy Niedzielak
- Broward General Medical Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Chester J Donnally
- University of Miami Hospital, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Miami, FL, USA
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Kurowicki J, Triplet JJ, Rosas S, Yee Law T, Niedzielak T, Momoh E, Levy JC. Influence of Level 1 Evidence on Management of Clavicle and Distal Humerus Fractures: A Nationwide Comparative Study of Records From 2005 to 2014. J Surg Orthop Adv 2018; 27:219-225. [PMID: 30489247 PMCID: PMC6396281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine alterations in national trends managing midshaft clavicle fractures (MCF) and intra-articular distal humerus fractures (DHF) surrounding recent level 1 publications. A retrospective review of the PearlDiver supercomputer for DHF and MCF was performed. Using age limits defined in the original level 1 studies, total use and annual use rates were examined. Nonoperative management and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) were reviewed for MCF. ORIF and total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) were reviewed for DHF. A query yielded 4929 MCF and 106,535 DHF patients. A significant increase in ORIF use for MCF following the publication of the level 1 study (p = .002) and a strong, positive correlation (p = .007) were evident. Annual TEA (p = .515) use for DHF was not observed. (Journal of Surgical Orthopaedic Advances 27(3):219-225, 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Kurowicki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey; e-mail:
| | - Jacob J Triplet
- OhioHealth Doctors Hospital, Orthopedic Residency Program, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Samuel Rosas
- Department of Orthopedic Research, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Tsun Yee Law
- Department of Orthopedic Research, Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Timothy Niedzielak
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Broward Health Medical Center, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Enesi Momoh
- Department of Shoulder & Elbow Surgery, Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
| | - Jonathan C Levy
- Department of Shoulder & Elbow Surgery, Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, Fort Lauderdale, Florida
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Motisi M, Kurowicki J, Berglund DD, Triplet JJ, Disla S, Niedzielak T, Levy JC. Trends in Management of Radial Head and Olecranon Fractures. Open Orthop J 2017; 11:239-247. [PMID: 28567151 PMCID: PMC5420188 DOI: 10.2174/1874325001711010239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Advancement in surgical techniques and implants has improved the ability to manage radial head and olecranon fractures. However, trends in management of these fractures are largely unstudied. Objective: This purpose of this study is to evaluate management trends for these common fractures. Methods: A retrospective review of a comprehensive Humana database was performed using Pearl Diver supercomputer (Warsaw, IN, USA) for radial head and neck (RHNF) and olecranon fractures (OF) between 2007 and 2014. Treatment methods including open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), radial head arthroplasty (RHA), and non-operative treatment were reviewed. Total reported incidence of office visits and utilization of each treatment modality were investigated. Sub-analysis with stratification by age 15-74 and greater than 75-years was performed for OF. Results: A total of 10,609 OF and 20,400 RHNF were identified between 2007 and 2014. A significant trend increase in the annual incidence of RHNF (266 cases/year, p<0.001) and OF (133.9 cases/year, p=0.001) was observed. A significant trend increase in annual percent utilization of RHA (0.22% per year, p=0.011) and a significant trend decrease in the annual percent utilization of ORIF (-1.0% per year, p=0.004) and non-operative management (-0.53% per year, p=0.046) was observed for RHNF. A significant trend increase was observed in percent utilization (0.40% per year, p=0.022) for OF non-operative management, especially in patients over 75 years (66% per year, p=0.034). Conclusion: The percentage of patients being treated with RHA is increasing. Non-operative management of OF has increased, specifically in the patients who are over 75 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Motisi
- Broward Health Medical Center, 1800 NW 49th Street Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309, USA
| | - Jennifer Kurowicki
- Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, 5597 N. Dixie Highway Fort Lauderdale, FL 33334, USA
| | - Derek D Berglund
- Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, 5597 N. Dixie Highway Fort Lauderdale, FL 33334, USA
| | - Jacob J Triplet
- Doctors Hospital- Ohio Health, 5100 West Broad Street, Columbus, OH 43228, USA
| | - Shanell Disla
- Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, 5597 N. Dixie Highway Fort Lauderdale, FL 33334, USA
| | - Timothy Niedzielak
- Nova Southeastern University, College of Osteopathic Medicine, 3301 College Avenue Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314, USA
| | - Jonathan C Levy
- Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, 5597 N. Dixie Highway Fort Lauderdale, FL 33334, USA
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Triplet JJ, Kurowicki J, Momoh E, Law TY, Niedzielak T, Levy JC. Trends in total elbow arthroplasty in the Medicare population: a nationwide study of records from 2005 to 2012. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2016; 25:1848-1853. [PMID: 27422691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Utilization of total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) has reportedly increased in recent years. Since the introduction of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, there has been a reported decline in its use among rheumatoid patients; yet, the shift in indications for TEA remains unclear. This study evaluated trends in TEA utilization from 2005 to 2012 by analyzing the most common indications within the population of Medicare patients. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of a comprehensive Medicare patient population database using the PearlDiver supercomputer (Warsaw, IN, USA) for TEA utilization in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), distal humerus fracture (DHF), post-traumatic arthritis (PTA), and distal humerus nonunion (DHNU). Total reported incidence of office visits and TEA utilization for each indication was reviewed. RESULTS Utilization of TEA remained unchanged (P = .9530) despite a growing Medicare population (P = .0201). There was a significant decline in annual TEA utilization for RA (P = .002) and DHNU (P = .003). No significant change was found in TEA use for DHF, OA, and PTA. A significant increase was noted in total visits coded for OA, RA, and DHNU (P < .001). A significant, strong negative correlation was found for office visit coding and TEA use in RA (r = -0.850; P = .008) and DHNU (r = -0.902; P = .002). CONCLUSION From 2005 to 2012, utilization rates of TEA in the Medicare population remained constant. Despite increases in office visits, TEA use for RA and DHNU has declined, likely secondary to improved medical management with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and the surgeon's comfort with improved fracture fixation options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Triplet
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | | | - Enesi Momoh
- Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Tsun Yee Law
- Holy Cross Orthopedic Institute, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Timothy Niedzielak
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
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Ravenelle R, Neugebauer NM, Niedzielak T, Donaldson ST. Sex differences in diazepam effects and parvalbumin-positive GABA neurons in trait anxiety Long Evans rats. Behav Brain Res 2014; 270:68-74. [PMID: 24815212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In clinical populations, prevalence rates for a number of anxiety disorders differ between males and females and gonadal hormones are thought to contribute to these differences. While these hormones have been shown to modulate the anxiolytic effects of the benzodiazepine agonist diazepam in some models, findings are inconsistent. Here, we tested for sex differences in response to anxiogenic stimuli following a 30-min diazepam (1.0mg/kg) pre-treatment in male and female rats showing high (HAn) and low (LAn) anxiety-like behavior on the elevated plus maze. Acute diazepam administration resulted in decreased anxiety-like behavior only in HAn males as demonstrated by a significant increase in percent open arm time in the elevated plus maze (EPM). Immunohistochemical analysis for parvalbumin (PV; a calcium-binding protein that selectively stains GABAergic neurons) in central amygdala (CeA), caudate putamen (CPu) and the hippocampus indicated the number of GABAergic interneurons in these areas differed across sex and anxiety trait. In the CPu, females had significantly more PV-immunoreactive (IR) cells than males, and LAn females had greater PV-IR neurons than HAn females. In the CeA, males displayed an increased number of PV-IR neurons compared to females, with no differences found between LAn and HAn. Further, trait differences were evident in the CA2 region of the hippocampus, regardless of sex. Taken together, these data suggest that gonadal hormones and trait anxiety may influence the sensitivity to the anti-anxiety effects of diazepam and these differences may be due in part to the distribution of GABA-containing interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ravenelle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Rose Hill Campus, Bronx, NY 10458, USA
| | - Nichole M Neugebauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Avenue, #12-104, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Timothy Niedzielak
- Developmental and Brain Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - S Tiffany Donaldson
- Developmental and Brain Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA.
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