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Perveen F, Farooq M, Ramli A, Naeem A, khan IW, Saeed T, khan J. Levulinic Acid Production from Waste Corncob Biomass Using an Environmentally Benign WO 3-Grafted ZnCo 2O 4@CeO 2 Bifunctional Heterogeneous Catalyst. ACS Omega 2023; 8:333-345. [PMID: 36643508 PMCID: PMC9835630 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a novel and environmentally benign solid catalyst was fabricated by grafting WO3 active species onto the ZnCo2O4@CeO2 support for efficient levulinic acid production from corncob waste biomass. The morphological, compositional, and textural properties of the designed catalyst were investigated using different characterization techniques to identify suitable catalyst formulation with enhanced catalytic activity and stability. The results demonstrated that WO3 active species were successfully loaded with uniform distribution onto the support to develop a robust catalyst with both acidic and basic sites. The experimental investigation showed that among the catalysts, WO3(10 wt %)/ZnCo2O4@CeO2 exhibited the best catalytic activity, providing a maximum levulinic acid yield of 78.49% at the optimal conditions of 6 wt % catalyst dosage, reaction temperature of 180 °C, and reaction time of 200 min. The presence of an optimum number of both acid and base active sites on the catalyst surface could lead to the highest catalytic activity of the synthesized catalyst. Finally, the reusability investigation indicated that the synthesized catalyst possessed sufficient recyclability of up to four times for the levulinic acid production from the selected biomass with negligible drop in the catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Perveen
- National
Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- National
Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Anita Ramli
- Department
of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti
Teknologi PETRONAS, Tronoh31750, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Naeem
- National
Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ihtisham Wali khan
- National
Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Saeed
- National
Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Jehangeer khan
- National
Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Perveen F, Farooq M, Naeem A, Humayun M, Saeed T, Khan IW, Abid G. Catalytic conversion of agricultural waste biomass into valued chemical using bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst: A sustainable approach. CATAL COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2022.106516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Saeed T, Naeem A, Din IU, Farooq M, Khan IW, Hamayun M, Malik T. Response to comments on "Correction to the thermodynamic calculation using the Langmuir isotherm model". J Hazard Mater 2022; 435:129015. [PMID: 35650721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Saeed
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Naeem
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Israf Ud Din
- Chemistry Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ihtisham Wali Khan
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Tabassum Malik
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
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Khan IW, Naeem A, Farooq M, Mahmood T, Saeed T, Parveen F, Malik T. Wild Olive Oil as a Novel and Sustainable Feedstock for Biodiesel Production: Overviewed Various Feedstock, Methodologies and Reaction Mechanisms of Different Catalysts. Catal Surv Asia 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10563-022-09361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Saeed T, Naeem A, Din IU, Farooq M, Khan IW, Hamayun M, Malik T. Synthesis of chitosan composite of metal-organic framework for the adsorption of dyes; kinetic and thermodynamic approach. J Hazard Mater 2022; 427:127902. [PMID: 34872779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The iron metal-organic framework composite with chitosan (CS/MOF-235) was synthesized using a solvothermal method and its synthesis was confirmed by surface area, PZC, XRD, FESEM, XPS, TGA, TEM, EDX mapping and EDX analysis. The chitosan composite of the iron metal-organic framework (CS/MOF-235), MOF-235 and chitosan were used for the removal of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) from aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacities were found to be 2857-2326 mg/g for CS/MOF-235, 357 - 236 mg/g for MOF-235 and 209-171 mg/g for chitosan (CS) which reveal that the adsorption capacity of CS/MOF-235 is almost 8 and 14 times greater than MOF-235 and chitosan respectively. The adsorption selectivity of the (CS/MOF-235) towards the dye was in the order MO > MB. Moreover, hydrogen bonding, pi-pi bonding, pore-filling, electrostatic interactions and chemisorption were proposed as possible mechanisms for the removal of dyes onto CS/MOF-235. The intraparticle diffusion and Richenberg models confirmed that the adsorption process was jointly controlled by the pore and film diffusion. The negative values of the isosteric heat of adsorption (ΔH¯) fall with surface coverage indicating that a lesser amount of heat is required for the greater uptake of dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Saeed
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Naeem
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Israf Ud Din
- Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ihtisham Wali Khan
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Chemistry, Hafiz Hayat Campus, University of Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Tabassum Malik
- National Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
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Naeem A, Zaman S, Farooq M, Khan IW, Ghazi ZA, Saeed T, Hamayun M. Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil employing natural bentonite supported heterogeneous catalyst: Waste to biodiesel. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-022-1068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Omar NE, Fahmy Soliman AI, Eshra M, Saeed T, Hamad A, Abou-Ali A. Postmarketing safety of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors: an analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). ESMO Open 2021; 6:100315. [PMID: 34864500 PMCID: PMC8649649 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inhibitors of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene mutation are highly effective treatments for ALK-positive lung cancer. We conducted this pharmacovigilance analysis using the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Patients and methods FAERS files from 2012 to 2020 were used. Reports for crizotinib, ceritinib, alectinib, brigatinib, and lorlatinib were filtered. We used the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA version 22.1). Further, we searched for adverse events on the preferred term (PT) level based on case reports in the literature. After filtering duplicate reports, disproportionality analysis was used to detect safety signals by calculating proportional reporting ratios (PRRs), reporting odds ratios (RORs), empirical Bayesian geometric mean, and information component. Reports were considered statistically significant if the 95% confidence interval did not contain the null value. Results Within the system organ classes, significant safety signals were found, including those for crizotinib [eye disorders (PRR 2.09, ROR 2.12)], ceritinib [gastrointestinal disorders (PRR 2.19, ROR 2.41), hepatobiliary disorders (PRR 4.4, ROR 4.52), respiratory disorders (PRR 1.96, ROR 2.08)], alectinib [hepatobiliary disorders (PRR 2.60, ROR 2.63)], brigatinib [respiratory disorders (PRR 2.15, ROR 2.31)], and lorlatinib [metabolism disorders (PRR 3.34, ROR 3.53)]. For adverse events on the PT level, we found several significant signals, including pneumothorax with crizotinib (PRR 3.29, ROR 3.29), ceritinib (PRR 3.13, ROR 3.13), and alectinib (PRR 4.88, ROR 4.89); myasthenia gravis with lorlatinib (PRR 6.05, ROR 6.05); photosensitivity reactions with crizotinib (PRR 2.20, ROR 2.20), ceritinib (PRR 4.30, ROR 4.31), alectinib (PRR 20.43, ROR 20.51), and brigatinib (PRR 20.97, ROR 21.05); pulmonary arterial hypertension with brigatinib (PRR 2.92, ROR 2.92) and lorlatinib (PRR 9.2, ROR 9.24); and rectal perforation with crizotinib (PRR 7.83, ROR 7.83). All the detected safety signals were confirmed using Bayesian methods. Conclusion ALK inhibitors differed in their safety profile reports. We found several significant safety signals that matched previously published case reports, including pulmonary arterial hypertension, rectal perforation, myasthenia gravis, and photosensitivity. These signals require further regulatory investigation to determine their significance and potentially update the product labels to inform patients and clinicians. ALK inhibitors differed in their safety profile reports. We found several significant safety signals. These signals include pulmonary arterial hypertension, rectal perforation, myasthenia gravis, and photosensitivity. Further regulatory investigations are required to determine the significance of these signals and update the product labels.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Omar
- Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | | | - M Eshra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - T Saeed
- Faculty of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Hamad
- Pharmacy Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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Hussain T, Eimal Latif AH, Malik S, Raza S, Saeed T, Salman Zahid A, Nazary K, Arshad MM, Khan R, Walizada K, Wahab A. Vitamin D Deficiency and Associated Risk Factors in Muslim Housewives of Quetta, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2021; 13:e17643. [PMID: 34646691 PMCID: PMC8485963 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D (Vit-D) plays a central role in calcium homeostasis and maintains skeletal integrity. Housewives in Quetta, Pakistan are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency (VDD). They spend a greater part of their day in cleaning, washing, cooking, managing daily groceries, and other household chores. Thus, little time is left for self-care and outdoor activities. They wear hijab and have very little exposure to sunlight. In addition, their diet is deficient in Vit-D-rich food items, rendering them at high risk of VDD. Fear of getting tanned, melasma, and preference for a fair complexion further limit their sun exposure. This study evaluates the prevalence of VDD in housewives and determines its various risk factors to recommend screening guidelines for VDD. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed between November 2020 and April 2021 and recruited housewives aged >18 from the outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in Quetta. Informed consent was obtained from all participants. VDD was defined as a serum 25(OH)-D level <20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L). Sociodemographic variables and information about the dietary habits, perception, attitudes towards sunlight, and daily duration of sunlight exposure were collected. Mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated for continuous variables and counts, and proportions were calculated for categorical variables like education, age. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the risk factors and associations of VDD. Data were analyzed by SAS/STAT software (version 9.4). Results Among 151 housewives, 58.9% of housewives had VDD. VDD group had a higher proportion of females aged 18-30 years and a lower proportion of graduates. The reported use of Vit-D supplements was much lower in the VDD group compared with the non-deficient group, 38.2% versus 71.0 %, P-value <0.001. History of fragility fractures was reported by 10.1% of housewives in the VDD group compared to 4.8% in the non-deficient group, P-value: 0.03. Around 77.5% of housewives in the VDD group spent 15 minutes or less outdoors versus 51.6% in the non-deficient group; 55.1% of housewives in the VDD group reported that they never consumed milk versus 17.7 % in the non-deficient group, P-value <0.00001. In the univariate logistic regression model, housewives with an 11-12th grade of education had 4.80-fold higher odds of VDD compared to those who had undergraduate or graduate degrees (OR: 4.80, 95 % CI: 1.07-21.45). Housewives who never consumed milk had 9.72-fold (95 % CI: 3.69-25.58) higher odds of VDD compared to those who consumed milk on daily basis. Odds of VDD were 3.61-fold (95% CI: 1.06-12.31) higher in those who never consumed fish as compared to those who ate fish at least 1-2 days/week. In multivariate logistic regression, age group 18-30 (OR: 17.07, 95% CI: 1.18-246.86), and never consuming milk (OR: 7.33, 95 % CI: 1.99-26.89) were independently associated with VDD. Conclusion VDD is highly prevalent (58.9%) in housewives of Quetta. It is the need of time to increase awareness regarding the health benefits, sources, and deficiency symptoms of Vit-D. Our study revealed VDD in housewives irrespective of education and income. Dietary supplementations were greater predictors of VDD. Daily sun exposure should be encouraged, and food items should be fortified with Vit-D. Recommendations for Vitamin D screening would be a good step, especially in Muslim housewives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor Hussain
- Neurology/General Medicine, Bolan Medical College, Quetta, PAK
| | | | - Sheza Malik
- Medicine, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, PAK
| | - Sami Raza
- Orthopedics, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Government Hospital Quetta, Quetta, PAK
| | - Tooba Saeed
- Medicine and Surgery, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, AFG
| | | | | | | | - Rajeswari Khan
- Medicine and Surgery, Hospital College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, IND
| | - Khalida Walizada
- Neurological Surgery, Ali Abad Teaching Hospital Karte Sakhi Kabul Afghanistan, Kabul, AFG
| | - Ahsan Wahab
- Internal Medicine Department, Baptist Medical Center South, Montgomery, USA
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Riaz N, Saeed T, Nadeem M. Burkitt's lymphoma of mandible in a young Pakistani boy: A case report. J Pak Med Assoc 2021; 71:2265-2267. [PMID: 34580528 DOI: 10.47391/jpma.04-655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this part of the world, Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) of mandible considers a unique entity, while BL involving the jaw is endemic in Africa. BL being one of the most speedily growing malignancy, can cause immense destruction in the maxillofacial region. This case report highlights a 3-year-old child affected with BL of mandible. The presenting complaint of the patient was a rapidly enlarging swelling on the right side of the face, causing disfigurement and interfering with the normal oral functions. Confirmatory diagnosis of BL was established after correlating the clinical, radiographic, and biopsy features. Later on a tumour board discussion was held for this case, and the child underwent chemotherapy. Unfortunately, he could not survive after the second cycle of chemotherapy. This emphasises that for every fast growing jaw lesion, BL should have a significant position in the list of differential diagnosis, even in this part of the world without considering the age of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeela Riaz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Saeed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University College of Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mujtaba Nadeem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
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Liaquat M, Ali I, Ahmad S, Malik AM, Ashraf HMQ, Parveen N, Tareen MJ, Saeed T, Shah SH, Zulfiqar B. Efficiency of exogenous zinc sulfate application reduced fruit drop and improved antioxidant activity of 'Kinnow' mandarin fruit. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e244593. [PMID: 34468512 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.244593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
‘ Kinnow' mandarin (Citrus nobilis L.× Citrus deliciosa T.) is an important marketable fruit of the world. It is mainstay of citrus industry in Pakistan, having great export potential. But out of total production of the country only 10% of the produce meets the international quality standard for export. Pre-harvest fruit drop and poor fruit quality could be associated with various issues including the plant nutrition. Most of the farmers do not pay attention to the supply of micro nutrients which are already deficient in the soil. Furthermore, their mobility within plants is also a question. Zinc (Zn) is amongst those micronutrients which affect the quality and postharvest life of the fruit and its deficiency in Pakistani soils is already reported by many researchers. Therefore, this study was carried out to evaluate the influence of pre-harvest applications of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4; 0, 0.4%, 0.6% or 0.8%) on pre-harvest fruit drop, yield and fruit quality of 'Kinnow' mandarin at harvest. The treatments were applied during the month of October i.e. 4 months prior to harvest. The applied Zn sprays had significant effect on yield and quality of the "Kinnow" fruit. Amongst different foliar applications of ZnSO4applied four months before harvest, 0.6% ZnSO4 significantly reduced pre-harvest fruit drop (10.08%) as compared to untreated control trees (46.45%). Similarly, the maximum number of fruits harvested per tree (627), fruit weight (192.9 g), juice percentage (42.2%), total soluble solids (9.5 °Brix), ascorbic acid content (35.5 mg 100 g-1) and sugar contents (17.4) were also found significantly higher with 0.6% ZnSO4 treatment as compared to rest of treatments and control. Foliar application of 0.6% ZnSO4 also significantly improved total antioxidants (TAO) and total phenolic contents (TPC) in fruit. In conclusion, foliar spray of ZnSO4 (0.6%) four months prior to harvest reduced pre-harvest fruit drop, increase yield with improved quality of 'Kinnow' mandarin fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Liaquat
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Institute of Hydroponic Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - I Ali
- PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Deparment of Horticulture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - S Ahmad
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - A M Malik
- PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Institute of Hydroponic Agriculture, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - H M Q Ashraf
- University of Agriculture, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Parveen
- University of Agriculture, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M J Tareen
- Agriculture Research Institute, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - T Saeed
- Government of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Department of Agriculture, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - S H Shah
- Allama Iqbal Open University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - B Zulfiqar
- Scientific Officer Horticulture Soil and Water Conservation Research Institute, Chakwal, Pakistan
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Abdul Razzack A, Saeed T, Gulzar R, Pothuru S, Adeel Hassan S, Theja Reddy K. Oral anticoagulant monotherapy vs oral anticoagulant/antiplatelet therapy for the management of atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwab061.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background- The efficacy and safety of oral Anticoagulation (OAC)with either Warfarin or Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) as compared with combination therapy of oral anticoagulant and antiplatelet (OAC + APT) in patients with atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease more than 1 year after stenting is not known.
Methods-Electronic databases ( PubMed, Embase, Scopus) were searched from inception to December 28th, 2020. Unadjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated from dichotomous data using Mantel Haenszel (M-H) random-effects with statistical significance to be considered if the confidence interval excludes 1 and p < 0.05. The primary efficacy end point was MACCE definied as composite of stroke, systemic embolism, myocardial infarction, unstable angina requiring revascularization, or death from any cause The primary safety end point was major bleeding, according to the criteria of the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis; this end point was analyzed for superiority.
Results- A total of seven studies with 81,303(OAC = 56,633; OAC + APT = 24670) participants were included. There was no statistically significant differences in MACCE among patients treated using OAC monotherapy compared with those treated with OAC + APT (HR 1.09; 95% CI 0.93-1.29; p = 0.28). OAC + APT was associated with a significantly higher risk of major bleeding compared with OAC monotherapy (HR 1.65; 95% CI 1.30-2.11; p < 0.0001)
Conclusion- Amongst patients with atrial fibrillation and concomitant stable coronary artery disease, OAC monotherapy is non-inferior to combination therapy with OAC and single antiplatelet agent. OAC monotherapy reduced the risk for major or life-threatening bleeding events, while not increasing the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events.
Abstract Figure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abdul Razzack
- Dr. N.T.R University of Health Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - T Saeed
- Akhtar Saeed Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - R Gulzar
- Fatima Jinnah Medical University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S Pothuru
- Ascension Via Christi Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Kansas, United States of America
| | - S Adeel Hassan
- University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, United States of America
| | - K Theja Reddy
- UHS Southern California Medical Education Consortium, Temecula, California, United States of America
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Naeem A, Wali Khan I, Farooq M, Mahmood T, Ud Din I, Ali Ghazi Z, Saeed T. Kinetic and optimization study of sustainable biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using novel heterogeneous solid base catalyst. Bioresour Technol 2021; 328:124831. [PMID: 33607448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The novel Na-SiO2@TiO2 heterogeneous base catalyst was designed and successfully applied to the trans-esterification reaction of waste cooking oil for sustainable biodiesel production. The designed catalyst was characterized by SEM, XPS, FT-IR and BET before treatment, illustrated its suitability for the catalytic trans-esterification reaction. Moreover, the influence of reaction temperature, time, catalyst concentration and WCO:MeOH molar ratio on the catalytic activity were also investigated, resultant 98% biodiesel yield was achieved. The reusability test demonstrated that the Na-SiO2@TiO2 catalyst has noticeable catalytic potency up to 5 successive runs. Besides, the kinetics study explains that the reaction is kinetically controlled by pseudo 1st order. The Ea was found to be 21.65 kJ/mol. Similarly, the important thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH#, ΔS# and ΔG# were estimated to be 18.52 kJ.mol-1, -219.17 J.mol-1K-1and 92.59 kJ.mol-1respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Naeem
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Ihtisham Wali Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Mahmood
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Israf Ud Din
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Ali Ghazi
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Saeed
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Ali Z, Zeeshan A, Bhatti MM, Hobiny A, Saeed T. Insight into the Dynamics of Oldroyd-B Fluid Over an Upper Horizontal Surface of a Paraboloid of Revolution Subject to Chemical Reaction Dependent on the First-Order Activation Energy. Arab J Sci Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-05324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Saeed T, Naeem A, Ud Din I, Alotaibi MA, Alharthi AI, Wali Khan I, Huma Khan N, Malik T. Structure, nomenclature and viable synthesis of micro/nanoscale metal organic frameworks and their remarkable applications in adsorption of organic pollutants. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract
Chromium is well-thought-out heavy metal which is one of the enormously lethal due to its cancer-causing nature. In this study, iron oxide is used as adsorbent for chromate removal from aqueous solution as a function of pH, time, temperature, concentration of adsorbate and media dosage. The influence of pH on Cr (VI) sorption by iron oxide reveals that adsorption is significantly increased as pH is decreased from 8 to 2. The sorption rate is detected to be higher in the beginning and then it remains constant after 120 min of equilibrium time. The removal of Cr (VI) is found to be greater at higher temperature, which confirms the endothermic nature of Cr (VI) adsorption by iron oxide. Whereas, the kinetic investigations confirm that the chromate adsorption follows the pseudo second order with kinetic energy in the range of 8.4–83.7 kJ mol−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qamar Sultana
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - A. Naeem
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - Tahira Mahmood
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - Israf Ud Din
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan
- Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, College of Science and Humanities , Department of Chemistry , Al-kharj , Saudi Arabia
| | - Tooba Saeed
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - Nadir Khan
- National Centre of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, University of Peshawar , Peshawar , Pakistan
| | - Tauqeer Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry , University of Sargodha , Sub Campus Mianwali , Sargodha , Pakistan
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Shaheen E, Shujaat S, Saeed T, Jacobs R, Politis C. Three-dimensional planning accuracy and follow-up protocol in orthognathic surgery: a validation study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 48:71-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Beg MU, Butt SA, Al-Dufaileej S, Karam Q, Al-Sharrah TK, Saeed T. Biomarkers in fish as a measure of the state of marine environment of Kuwait. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:325. [PMID: 29728864 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The health of a marine ecosystem can effectively be monitored by studying the levels of biomarkers in a representative species. A change in background level of a biomarker indicates exposure to a specific type of pollutants. It also identifies bioavailability and the organism response to the causative agent among the compounds present in the surrounding water body. Yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus), a local variety of fish, was examined for parent PAHs in the liver, its metabolites in bile by the GC-MS method as exposure biomarkers and cytochrome P4501A1 by assay of ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (EROD) in the liver as an effect biomarker. A comparison was made between fish collected in 2015 with the fish collected in 2005-2006 and stored at - 80 °C in the fish bank. The objective was to examine the extent of changes in the environmental quality of the Kuwait marine area and the status of fish health concerning oil-related pollutants since Arabian Gulf is surrounded by oil-producing countries. Interestingly, insignificant differences between the liver PAH content and EROD activity were observed in fish over the sampling periods. The fish efficiently metabolized PAHs and excreted hydroxy-metabolites in bile. The study suggested that environmental quality of the Kuwait marine area was not deteriorated to any serious extent in the last decade and biomarkers can be used effectively in assessing the thrust of sub-optimal levels of various contaminants present in the marine area on the resident biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- M U Beg
- Environmental Pollution & Climate Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Kuwait, Kuwait.
| | - S A Butt
- Environmental Pollution & Climate Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - S Al-Dufaileej
- Environmental Pollution & Climate Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Q Karam
- Environmental Pollution & Climate Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - T K Al-Sharrah
- Environmental Pollution & Climate Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - T Saeed
- Environmental Pollution & Climate Program, Environment and Life Sciences Research Centre, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, P.O. Box 24885, 13109, Kuwait, Kuwait
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Warraich RA, Saeed T, Riaz N, Aftab A. Fibromatosis of infratemporal space. J PAK MED ASSOC 2016; 66:217-219. [PMID: 26819173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fibromatosis is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm which primarily originates in the muscle, connective tissue, fascial sheaths, and musculoaponeurotic structures. It is commonly seen as abdominal tumour but in maxillofacial region, the occurrence of these tumours is very rare and exceedingly rare in infratemporal space. Often misdiagnosed due to its varied clinical behaviour, fibromatosis is benign, slow-growing, infiltrative tumour without any metastatic potential, but is locally aggressive causing organ dysfunction along with high recurrence rate. We report a case of fibromatosis involving the left infratemporal space in a 35-year-old female who presented with chief complaint of limited mouth opening for the preceding 4 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riaz Ahmed Warraich
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tooba Saeed
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nabila Riaz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Aftab
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan
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Lohiniva AL, Bassim H, Hafez S, Kamel E, Ahmed E, Saeed T, Talaat M. Determinants of hand hygiene compliance in Egypt: building blocks for a communication strategy. East Mediterr Health J 2015; 21:665-70. [PMID: 26450863 DOI: 10.26719/2015.21.9.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Hand hygiene of health-care staff is one of the most important interventions in reducing transmission of nosocomial infections. This qualitative study aimed to understand the behavioural determinants of hand hygiene in order to develop sustainable interventions to promote hand hygiene in hospitals. Fourteen focus group discussions were conducted with nurses in 2 university hospitals in Egypt. The interviews were tape recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was conducted by 2 independent investigators. The findings highlighted that nurses did not perceive the benefits of hand hygiene, and that they linked the need to wash hands to a sense of dirtiness. Knowledge of hand hygiene and related products was limited and preference for water and soap was obvious. Environmental constraints, lack of role models and social control were identified as barriers for compliance with hand hygiene. A multi-faceted hand hygiene strategy was developed based on existing cultural concepts valued by the hospital staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-L Lohiniva
- United States Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H Bassim
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Hafez
- Alexandria University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - E Kamel
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - E Ahmed
- Alexandria University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - T Saeed
- United States Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Talaat
- United States Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, Cairo, Egypt
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Sohail MF, Shah PA, Tariq I, Saeed-ul-Hassan S, Amin U, Raza SA, Saeed T, Sultana M, Jawa NH. Development and In vitro Evaluation of Flurbiprofen Microcapsules Prepared by Modified Solvent Evaporation Technique. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i7.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Madi N, Al-Nakib W, Pacsa A, Saeed T. Cytomegalovirus genotypes gB1 and gH1 are the most predominant genotypes among renal transplant recipients in Kuwait. Transplant Proc 2011; 43:1634-7. [PMID: 21693248 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2011.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common pathogen responsible for asymptomatic and persistent infections in healthy individuals. However, cytomegalovirus infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, especially in recipients of solid-organ transplants and AIDS patients. METHODS HCMV DNA from 42 patients who received kidney transplants between 2004 and 2008 were subjected to polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism to identify HCMV gB and gH genotypes. RESULTS HCMV gB1 and gH1 genotypes were the most the predominant HCMV genotypes (P < .05, P < .05, respectively). In addition, both HCMV gB1 and gH1 genotype were significantly more often associated with the development of fever with leukopenia and severe HCMV disease than other gB or gH2 genotypes. No significant differences were observed among viral loads between the HCMV genotypes among infected individuals. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the prevalence and role of HCMV genotypes in infection and disease in renal transplant patients in Kuwait.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Madi
- WHO Collaborative Centre for AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Disease for EMR, Virology Unit, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
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Akhtar N, Rehman MU, Khan HMS, Rasool F, Saeed T, Murtaz G. Penetration Enhancing Effect of Polysorbate 20 and 80 on the In Vitro Percutaneous Absorption of LAscorbic Acid. TROP J PHARM RES 2011. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v10i3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Saeed T, Niazi G, Almas S. Type-D personality: a predictor of quality of life and coronary heart disease. East Mediterr Health J 2011. [DOI: 10.26719/2011.17.1.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Saeed T, Niazi GSK, Almas S. Type-D personality: a predictor of quality of life and coronary heart disease. East Mediterr Health J 2011; 17:46-50. [PMID: 21735801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the association oftype-D personality (and its components) with quality of life in cardiac patients compared with healthy people. A sample of 80 patients with myocardial infarction (MI) and 70 healthy people aged 45-60 years completed the WHO quality of life brief questionnaire and the 14-item type-D personality scale. A significantly higher percentage of the MI group scored positive for type-D personality compared with healthy individuals (71% versus 33%). Significantly more MI patients had low quality of life scores than did healthy individuals (64% versus 20%). Regression analysis showed that higher scores on type-D personality had a negative impact on quality of life in MI patients and that the social inhibition component had a greater impact than negative affectivity. Psychological assessment for type-D personality may be helpful in developing health care plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saeed
- Department of Manaqement Sciences, Foundation University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Akhtar N, Waqas M, Ahmed M, Ali A, Saeed T, Murtaza G, Rasool A, Aamir M, Khan S, Bhatti N. Effect of cream formulation of fenugreek seed extract on some mechanical parameters of human skin. TROP J PHARM RES 2010. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v9i4.58922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Naqvi R, Naqvi A, Akhtar S, Ahmed E, Noor H, Saeed T, Akhtar F, Rizvi A. Use of isoniazid chemoprophylaxis in renal transplant recipients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2009; 25:634-7. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfp489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Madi N, Al-Nakib W, Pacsa A, Saeed T. PIX-4 Cytomegalovirus genotypes and disease among renal transplant recipients in Kuwait. J Clin Virol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1386-6532(09)70209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Naqvi R, Akhtar S, Noor H, Saeed T, Bhatti S, Sheikh R, Ahmed E, Akhtar F, Naqvi A, Rizvi A. Efficacy of Isoniazid Prophylaxis in Renal Allograft Recipients. Transplant Proc 2006; 38:2057-8. [PMID: 16979998 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of isoniazid (INH) prophylaxis in renal allograft recipients who are on long-term immunosuppression in a region highly prevalent for tuberculosis (TB) was studied. INH (300 mg/d in patients weighing more than 35 kg and 5 mg/kg/d in patients with <35 kg body weight) together with Pyridoxine 50 mg/d for 1 year was started in randomly assigned renal allograft recipients. Occurrence of clinical tuberculosis during the initial 2 years posttransplantation was observed in the risk group and patients at no risk. Risks were defined as acute rejection episodes and exposure to antirejection therapy, past history of TB completely or incompletely treated, radiological evidence of past tuberculosis, history of tuberculosis in close contacts. Among 480 patients registered in the study, INH prophylaxis was given to 219 randomly assigned renal allograft recipients. Results were compared among patients developing TB during the initial 2 years posttransplantation in both the groups. Risk factors were analyzed for comparison in both groups. No significant difference was observed in terms of past history of TB, TB in close contacts, episodes of acute rejection during the initial 3 months, and comorbidities such as cytomegalovirus infection, hepatitis C virus infection, and posttransplant diabetes. One patient from the INH group and 10 patients from the non-INH group developed TB during the initial 2 years posttransplantation (P < .0001). None of patients required discontinuation of INH. INH was observed to be safe and effective as a chemoprophylactic agent in renal allograft recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Naqvi
- Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation (SIUT), Civil Hospital, Karachi 74200, Pakistan.
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Beg MU, Al-Mutairi M, Beg KR, Al-Mazeedi HM, Ali LN, Saeed T. Mycotoxins in poultry feed in Kuwait. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2006; 50:594-602. [PMID: 16435083 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-005-2094-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2005] [Accepted: 08/22/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A survey was conducted at a poultry feed production unit in Kuwait for mycotoxin contamination in the samples of yellow maize, soybean meal, wheat bran used as raw material and the poultry feed prepared for broiler starter, broiler finisher, and layer mash. Individual aflatoxins were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography after immunoaffinity column purification. Repeated analysis revealed average aflatoxin concentration in maize at 0.27 ppb (range 0 to 1.69 ppb), soybean meal at 0.20 ppb (range 0 to 1.27 ppb), wheat bran at 0.15 ppb (range 0 to 1.07 ppb), prepared poultry feed for broiler starter at 0.48 ppb (range 0 to 3.26 ppb), broiler finisher at 0.39 ppb (range 0 to 1.05 ppb), and layer mash at 0.21 ppb (range 0 to 1.30 ppb). Other mycotoxins (ochratoxin, fumonisin, deoxynivalenol (DON), and zearalenone), were detected by quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The average levels of ochratoxin A ranged from 4.6 to 9.6 ppb, fumonisin from 1.4 to 3.2 ppm, DON from 0.17 to 0.29 ppm, and zearalenone from 46.4 to 67.6 ppb in various commodities and prepared feed samples. The study revealed the coexistence of determined mycotoxins, although their concentrations in general were found to be lower than the permissible levels, wherever defined, for the poultry feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M U Beg
- Environmental Sciences Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat.
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Abstract
AIMS To describe the clinical outcome of three patients with Behçet's disease maintained on infliximab who were switched to adalimumab therapy. METHODS Case note review. Main outcome measure was recurrence of uveitis. RESULTS All patients remained free of recurrence with stable visual acuities. CONCLUSIONS Adalimumab appears to maintain disease remission in Behçet's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mushtaq
- Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Birmingham, UK
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Kuttikat A, Saeed T, Chopra B, Chopra S, Chakravarty K. Nasal Wegener's and skin sarcoid--a rare combination of two granulomatous diseases. Clin Rheumatol 2005; 25:895-7. [PMID: 16283416 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-005-0087-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2005] [Revised: 04/17/2005] [Accepted: 04/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and sarcoidosis are two distinct granulomatous diseases characterized by multisystem involvement. We report a patient who initially presented with symptoms of limited WG predominantly affecting the nose, followed by a facial rash, which was histologically proven to be due to sarcoidosis. The sequential development of these two diseases in one patient is very rare, and to our knowledge, only one such case has been reported in the last 50 years (Am J Kidney Dis 28:893-898, 1996).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kuttikat
- Department of Rheumatology, Harold Wood Hospital, Barking, Havering and Redbridge Hospitals NHS Trust, Romford, RM3 OBE, Essex, UK.
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Dass R, Singh S, Kumar V, Vaiphei K, Agrawal S, Saeed T, Minz RW. Varicella glomerulonephritis mimicking microscopic polyangiitis. Rheumatol Int 2004; 24:362-4. [PMID: 14740169 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-003-0429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2003] [Accepted: 11/10/2003] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Varicella in childhood is usually a self-limiting illness with few complications. Varicella nephritis is an uncommon entity and seen mostly in immunocompromized individuals. We report a 14-year-old boy with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis who developed varicella nephritis and in whom the renal manifestations preceded the skin lesions by 1 week. This is an extremely unusual occurrence, and only one case has been described before. Such a presentation can mimic the clinical features of microscopic polyangiitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashna Dass
- Advanced Pediatric Center, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report a new finding of brown deposits scattered in the substance of the optic of foldable intraocular lenses (IOL) following phakoemulsification in patients with uveitis. METHODS Consecutive uveitis patients (54 patients, 71 eyes) who had undergone phakoemulsification with a foldable posterior chamber IOL between March 1996 and November 2000 were studied. A variety of biomaterials from seven different manufacturers had been implanted. One masked observer using slit-lamp biomicroscopy assessed deposits in the substance of the optic of the IOL. RESULTS Brown deposits were detected in the substance of the optic of 25/71 (35%) IOLs with 18/22 (82%) of AcrySof MA60BM IOLs being affected. Using logistic regression analysis, the AcrySof MA60BM IOL was significantly associated with the presence of deposits (adjusted odds ratio=38.5, 95% CI 6.9-200, P<0.001). Using multiple regression analysis, there was a significant association between the severity of deposits and the use of the AcrySof MA60BM IOL (P=0.005). Compared with other foldable IOLs implanted, the AcrySof MA60BM IOL was 38.5 times more likely to develop intra-IOL deposits. There was no association with those eyes that had undergone increased intraocular manipulations. The deposits did not appear to affect visual acuity. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge the finding of brown intra-IOL deposits has not previously been described. These deposits are more frequent in the AcrySof MA60BM implant than the other foldable implants studied. They share some similarities with glistenings, but their exact nature remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Manuchehri
- The Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Birmingham, UK
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Beg MU, Saeed T, Al-Muzaini S, Beg KR, Al-Bahloul M. Distribution of petroleum hydrocarbon in sediment from coastal area receiving industrial effluents in Kuwait. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2003; 54:47-55. [PMID: 12547635 DOI: 10.1016/s0147-6513(02)00019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Sediment samples from the coastal area facing Shuaiba industrial area (15 x 1.5 km(2)) were examined for contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediment extracts were characterized largely by unresolved complex mixture from nC(22)-nC(33). The sediment samples from the upstream area facing Mina Al-Ahmadi refinery to Shuaiba Harbor were heavily polluted with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) possibly due to the higher depth in the area created for a navigational channel to the harbor. PAHs at these locations exceeded the probable effect levels with reference to sediment quality guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M U Beg
- Environmental Sciences Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait.
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Beg MU, Jacob PG, Al-Matrouk K, Beg KR, Al-Bahloul M, Saeed T. Benzo-a-pyrene residues in liver and in bile of fish following oral exposure. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2002; 68:436-443. [PMID: 11993821 DOI: 10.1007/s001280273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M U Beg
- Environmental Sciences Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat
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Beg MU, Saeed T, Al-Muzaini S, Beg KR, Al-Obaid T, Kurian A. Extraction, fractionation, and toxicity determination of organic contaminants in sediment from coastal area receiving industrial effluents in Kuwait. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2001; 67:881-888. [PMID: 11692204 DOI: 10.1007/s001280204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2000] [Accepted: 09/24/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M U Beg
- Environmental Sciences Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Post Office Box 24885, 13109-Safat, Kuwait
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Beg MU, Al-Muzaini S, Saeed T, Jacob PG, Beg KR, Al-Bahloul M, Al-Matrouk K, Al-Obaid T, Kurian A. Chemical contamination and toxicity of sediment from a coastal area receiving industrial effluents in Kuwait. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2001; 41:289-297. [PMID: 11503065 DOI: 10.1007/s002440010251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2000] [Accepted: 05/11/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The Shuaiba coastal area (12.5 x 1.5 km) was examined for contamination with total organic carbon, volatile organic matter, total petroleum hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, vanadium, and zinc in sediment; their desorption by aqueous elution; and toxicity to aquatic biota. The pollutants were mainly accumulated in the upstream area facing Mina Al-Ahmadi refinery to Shuaiba harbour. Solid-phase Microtox assays showed severe toxicity, and the LC(50) was negatively correlated with most of the chemical parameters, suggesting that toxicity was the function of collective effects of the pollutants present in sediment. Sea water elutriation showed poor desorption of pollutants from sediment, and the elutriates were not found toxic to Microtox and brine shrimp larvae. Whole sediment suspension in sea water reduced the survival of fingerlings in fish bioassays. Action from Shuaiba Area Authority is required to reduce pollutant accumulation in identified depositional area on the Shuaiba coast by facilitating unrestricted water flow in the area and restricting pollutant discharge at source.
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Affiliation(s)
- M U Beg
- Environmental Sciences Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box 24885, Safat-13109, Kuwait.
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Saeed T, Sawaya WN, Ahmad N, Rajagopal S, Dashti B, al-Awadhi S. Assessment of the levels of chlorinated pesticides in breast milk in Kuwait. Food Addit Contam 2000; 17:1013-8. [PMID: 11271835 DOI: 10.1080/02652030010002081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Breast milk samples, randomly collected from 32 Kuwaiti donors were analysed for chlorinated pesticides. DDE residues ranged from 127 to 3333 micrograms/kg, averaging, 833 micrograms/kg, expressed on a fat weight basis. DDT levels ranged from 0.6 to 67 micrograms/kg fat and averaged 12.4 micrograms/kg, fat. High DDE/DDT ratios were found, which indicated that the exposure to DDT, in most cases, happened quite some time ago. In addition many of the samples also contained isomers of HCH, heptachlor-epoxide, aldrin, dieldrin and endrin. Residue levels of non-DDT pesticides were generally low. Overall levels of DDT-pesticides in Kuwaiti milk samples were lower than levels reported from other Middle Eastern countries, although methodologies may not be directly comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saeed
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, Safat-13109, Kuwait.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To study the use of intramuscular methylprednisolone in the treatment of cystoid macular oedema in patients with uveitis. METHODS A total of 32 patients with various types of uveitis with unilateral cystoid macular oedema were recruited. Patients received 160 mg of intramuscular methylprednisolone into the thigh and were reassessed 6-8 weeks later. In 17 patients in whom there had been no significant improvement, a further injection of methylprednisolone was given; a total of 49 injections. RESULTS After a first injection a significant improvement in vision (an increase of > or = 2 Snellen lines) was seen in 15 of 32 eyes (47%), and 17 of 32 eyes (53%) showed no significant change. After the second injection 7 of 17 eyes (41%) showed a significant improvement but there was no change in 9 of 17 eyes (53%). Only one eye deteriorated more than 2 lines of Snellen acuity. There were minimal ocular or systemic side effects associated with this form of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Despite limited success, deep intramuscular methylprednisolone may have a role as an alternative mode of treatment in uveitis patients with unilateral cystoid macular oedema, thus avoiding the potential hazards of periocular injections. In comparison with orally administered systemic corticosteroids, an injection ensures patient compliance and is associated with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Tehrani
- Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, Birmingham, UK
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Sawaya WN, al-Awadhi FA, Saeed T, al-Omair A, Ahmad N, Husain A, Khalafawi S, al-Zenki S, al-Amiri H, al-Otaibi J, al-Saqer J. Dietary intake of pesticides: State of Kuwait total diet study. Food Addit Contam 1999; 16:473-80. [PMID: 10755139 DOI: 10.1080/026520399283768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The State of Kuwait conducted a total diet study (TDS) to determine the dietary intakes of selected pesticides. This paper reports the results of this study. A national food consumption survey was performed and core food lists for different population groups were established representing the total diet of the Kuwaiti population. Food items (table-ready) were purchased/prepared and analysed for their contents of organophosphate/organochlorine carbamate, benzimidazole and phenylurea pesticides according to the US FDA Pesticide Analytical Manual (PAM I). Dietary intakes of these pesticides are presented for 19 population groups, which range from infants to elderly adults. The intakes of selected population groups are compared with representative findings from the US FDA/TDS and data published from other countries. In general, the average daily intakes were well below acceptable limits, but higher than those reported from developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N Sawaya
- Biotechnology Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, Kuwait.
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Sawaya WN, al-Awadhi FA, Saeed T, al-Omair A, Ahmad N, Husain A, Khalafawi S, al-Omirah H, Dashti B, al-Amiri H, al-Saqer J. Kuwait's total diet study: dietary intake of organochlorine, carbamate, benzimidazole and phenylurea pesticide residues. J AOAC Int 1999; 82:1458-65. [PMID: 10589497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
The State of Kuwait in cooperation with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) conducted a Total Diet Study (TDS) to estimate intakes of pesticide residues by the population. The levels of organochlorine (OC) pesticides, carbamates, benzimidazoles, and phenylureas in the TDS core list are reported here. The TDS core list was established through a national food consumption survey. All food items (140 for the Kuwaiti adult) were prepared as eaten and analyzed for the pesticides mentioned above. The FDA's multiresidue methods in Volume I of the Pesticide Analytical Manual were used in gas, liquid, and gel permeation chromatographic analyses. Only vegetable and fruit samples contained pesticide residues (mg/kg), including the carbamates 1-naphthol (1.4) and 3H-carbofuran (0.94) in carrots; the OC pesticide vinclozolin (0.47), 3H-carbofuran (0.66), and fenuron (0.6) in kiwi fruit; the OC pesticide procymidone (0.32) and carbendazim (0.5) in grapes; 3H-carbofuran (5.0) in apricots; the OC pesticides captan (0.013) and thiabendazole (0.63) in pears; captan (0.035) in plums; and carbendazim (0.4) in mandarin oranges. The levels of 3H-carbofuran found in both apricots and kiwi fruit exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) of the United Nations. The daily intakes of pesticides by the different population groups are discussed in light of the FAO/WHO acceptable daily intakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N Sawaya
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Biotechnology Department, Safat, Kuwait
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Saeed T. Assessment of the levels of anabolic compounds in Kuwait meat industry: optimization of a multiresidue method and the results of a preliminary survey. Food Control 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0956-7135(99)00013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sawaya WN, Lone K, Saeed T, Husain A, Khalafawi S. Application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening of sheep urine and animal tissue for the androgenic steroid trenbolone acetate in the State of Kuwait. Food Addit Contam 1998; 15:151-6. [PMID: 9602920 DOI: 10.1080/02652039809374624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the presence of any residue-positive meat and urine samples from live sheep in the State of Kuwait market by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and to examine the accuracy and precision of the method. A total of 350 samples, including 230 sheep urine, 30 beef meat and 90 chicken, were subjected, after extraction, to an ELISA for the determination of their contents of the androgenic hormone, trenbolone acetate. The results obtained showed that the trenbolone acetate levels in the urine ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 ng/ml and in the muscle tissue from 0.02 to 0.05 ng/g all of which are below the maximum residue levels accepted (2.0 ng/g) by FAO/WHO. The mean recovery and CV, respectively, ranged from 36.7% and 5.8 (spiking level to 0.2 ng/g) to 49.6% and 10.4 (spiking level 1.5 ng/g). These results were confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS). Based on the data obtained, it was concluded that ELISA can be used safely for screening purposes, however, any suspect sample must also be analysed by GC-MS to exclude any false positive identifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- W N Sawaya
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat, Kuwait
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Saeed T, Salahuddin A. Preparation and characterization of fragments from the N-terminal end of bovine serum albumin under native conditions. Biochem J 1993; 296 ( Pt 2):347-50. [PMID: 8257423 PMCID: PMC1137701 DOI: 10.1042/bj2960347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The domain I of BSA, containing residues 1-183 of the protein sequence, was isolated by CNBr treatment. It was further reductively cleaved into two subfragments, N1 and N2, in 8 M urea; the subfragments were regenerated in GSH and GSSG. The fragment N and subfragments N1 and N2 were found to be homogeneous with respect to size and charge. Results for amino acid composition, N-terminal amino acid sequence, thiol groups and M(r) suggested that the fragments N1 and N2 contain residues 88-183 and 1-87 of the intact BSA respectively. Optical studies, intrinsic-viscosity measurements, gel-filtration data and derived hydrodynamic parameters, taken together with the results on proteolytic digestion, showed that fragment N, as well as its subfragments N1 and N2, exist in compact and globular conformation and that the conformation of N2 fragment is more compact than that of the N1 fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saeed
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N.M.C., Aligarh, India
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Abstract
D88 and D109, two cyanogen bromide fragments of desmin which essentially correspond to the amino terminal headpiece domain and Helix 1B, respectively, bind to intact desmin with different topological specificities. D88, the headpiece domain fragment, binds only to the headpiece of intact desmin. In contrast, D109, which encompasses Helix 1B and most of the linker L10 binds to desmin even when its headpiece is removed. Additionally, these fragments only bind desmin if they are present during filament assembly; they do not bind pre-assembled desmin IF or tetramers. These observations suggest that, while alpha-helical coiled-coil interaction between rod domains provides the major driving force behind IF protein dimer formation, homophilic binding of head domains of these proteins may provide an additional stabilizing force and/or specify axial registration in certain IF proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ip
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267-0521
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48
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Abstract
To study how different domains of the muscle-specific intermediate filament protein, desmin, contribute to its polymerization, two of its CNBr fragments were examined as to their oligomeric structure under assembly conditions. One of these, D88, covers residues 1-88 and represents almost the entire headpiece; the other, D109, covers residues 145-254, and includes the entire Helix 1B and part of linker L12 of the intact molecule. Chemical cross-linking followed by SDS-PAGE, and analytical gel filtration, revealed that in 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.5, conditions that favor tetramerization of intact desmin D88 formed only dimers. D109, on the other hand, formed primarily a dimeric species but low levels of trimeric and tetrameric species were also detectable. These data are consistent with the proposal that, during assembly of intact protein molecules into IF, the headpiece and Helix 1 contribute to dimerization of two polypeptides into a parallel, in-register coiled-coil. However, additional interactions, including headpiece-to-rod binding and hydrophobic interaction along the entire rod domain, are required to stabilize the tetramers and full-size IF.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saeed
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Ohio 45267-0521
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Saeed T, Ali SG, Rahman HA, Sawaya WN. Detection of pork and lard as adulterants in processed meat: liquid chromatographic analysis of derivatized triglycerides. J Assoc Off Anal Chem 1989; 72:921-5. [PMID: 2592314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A new method is described for detection of pork and lard as adulterants in processed beef and mutton mixtures. The unsaturated triglycerides in the fat are ozonized and then derivatized. The mixture of derivatized and saturated triglycerides is analyzed by liquid chromatography using a reverse-phase column and a UV detector. Pork fat has larger amounts of triglyceride containing saturated fatty acid at the C-2 position than does the fat of other meat. The ratio of triglyceride containing saturated fatty acid vs triglyceride containing unsaturated fatty acid at the same (C-2) position (SSU/SUS) in a sample is compared with those of pure meats. The presence of pork in the sample causes the ratio to increase compared with ratios for pure beef or mutton. The increase in the SSU/SUS ratio is significant for the addition of 1% pork in beef. In the case of mutton, the addition of 3% pork causes a noticeable change. The method is reliable and is also applicable to samples containing only fat. Processing (heating or cooking) does not affect the ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Saeed
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Safat
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50
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Abstract
A skin substitute has been developed by growing a large number of epidermal cells from a skin biopsy (1 cm2) taken from burn patients. In tissue culture the cells divide and grow quickly to form a monolayer sheet. These sheets were then trypsinized into free cells, which were applied onto the wounds of two patients suffering from full skin thickness burns. The cultured epithelial grafts continued to thicken and expand successfully until they became confluent with the surrounding epidermis. All the wounds healed successfully. Clinically and histologically these cultured epithelial autografts were proven to be of the same quality as split thickness skin grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Khalfan
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, State of Bahrain
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