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Chehab O, Roberts-Thomson R, Bivona A, Gill H, Patterson T, Pursnani A, Grigoryan K, Vargas B, Bokhary U, Blauth C, Lucchese G, Bapat V, Guerrero M, Redwood S, Prendergast B, Rajani R. Management of Patients With Severe Mitral Annular Calcification: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol 2022; 80:722-738. [PMID: 35953138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a common and challenging pathologic condition, especially in the context of an aging society. Surgical mitral valve intervention in patients with MAC is difficult, with varying approaches to the calcified annular anatomy, and the advent of transcatheter valve interventions has provided additional treatment options. Advanced imaging provides the foundation for heart team discussions and management decisions concerning individual patients. This review focuses on the prognosis of, preoperative planning for, and management strategies for patients with MAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Chehab
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ross Roberts-Thomson
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom; Department of Cardiology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Antonio Bivona
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Harminder Gill
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tiffany Patterson
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom; School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amit Pursnani
- Division of Cardiology, Evanston Hospital, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Karine Grigoryan
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernardo Vargas
- Division of Cardiology, Evanston Hospital, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Ujala Bokhary
- Division of Cardiology, Evanston Hospital, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Christopher Blauth
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gianluca Lucchese
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vinayak Bapat
- Center for Valve and Structural Heart Disease, Minneapolis Heart Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mayra Guerrero
- Department of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Simon Redwood
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom; School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bernard Prendergast
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Ronak Rajani
- Departments of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London, United Kingdom; School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Guerrero M, Pursnani A, Narang A, Salinger M, Wang DD, Eleid M, Kodali SK, George I, Satler L, Waksman R, Meduri CU, Rajagopal V, Inglessis I, Palacios I, Reisman M, Eng MH, Russell HM, Pershad A, Fang K, Kar S, Makkar R, Saucedo J, Pearson P, Bokhary U, Kaptzan T, Lewis B, Tommaso C, Krause P, Thaden J, Oh J, Lang RM, Hahn RT, Leon MB, O'Neill WW, Feldman T, Rihal C. Prospective Evaluation of Transseptal TMVR for Failed Surgical Bioprostheses: MITRAL Trial Valve-in-Valve Arm 1-Year Outcomes. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 14:859-872. [PMID: 33888231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2021.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess 1-year clinical outcomes among high-risk patients with failed surgical mitral bioprostheses who underwent transseptal mitral valve-in-valve (MViV) with the SAPIEN 3 aortic transcatheter heart valve (THV) in the MITRAL (Mitral Implantation of Transcatheter Valves) trial. BACKGROUND The MITRAL trial is the first prospective study evaluating transseptal MViV with the SAPIEN 3 aortic THV in high-risk patients with failed surgical mitral bioprostheses. METHODS High-risk patients with symptomatic moderate to severe or severe mitral regurgitation (MR) or severe mitral stenosis due to failed surgical mitral bioprostheses were prospectively enrolled. The primary safety endpoint was technical success. The primary THV performance endpoint was absence of MR grade ≥2+ or mean mitral valve gradient ≥10 mm Hg (30 days and 1 year). Secondary endpoints included procedural success and all-cause mortality (30 days and 1 year). RESULTS Thirty patients were enrolled between July 2016 and October 2017 (median age 77.5 years [interquartile range (IQR): 70.3 to 82.8 years], 63.3% women, median Society of Thoracic Surgeons score 9.4% [IQR: 5.8% to 12.0%], 80% in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV). The technical success rate was 100%. The primary performance endpoint in survivors was achieved in 96.6% (28 of 29) at 30 days and 82.8% (24 of 29) at 1 year. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was 3.3% and was unchanged at 1 year. The only death was due to airway obstruction after swallowing several pills simultaneously 29 days post-MViV. At 1-year follow-up, 89.3% of patients were in New York Heart Association functional class I or II, the median mean mitral valve gradient was 6.6 mm Hg (interquartile range: 5.5 to 8.9 mm Hg), and all patients had MR grade ≤1+. CONCLUSIONS Transseptal MViV in high-risk patients was associated with 100% technical success, low procedural complication rates, and very low mortality at 1 year. The vast majority of patients experienced significant symptom alleviation, and THV performance remained stable at 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Guerrero
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
| | - Amit Pursnani
- Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Akhil Narang
- Division of Cardiology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Salinger
- Division of Cardiology, Froedtert Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Dee Dee Wang
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Mackram Eleid
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Susheel K Kodali
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Isaac George
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lowell Satler
- Division of Cardiology, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ron Waksman
- Division of Cardiology, Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Vivek Rajagopal
- Division of Cardiology, Piedmont Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ignacio Inglessis
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Igor Palacios
- Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark Reisman
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Marvin H Eng
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Hyde M Russell
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Ashish Pershad
- Division of Cardiology, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Kenith Fang
- Division of Cardiology, Banner University Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Saibal Kar
- Division of Cardiology, Los Robles Regional Medical Center, Thousand Oaks, California, USA
| | - Rajj Makkar
- Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jorge Saucedo
- Division of Cardiology, Froedtert Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Paul Pearson
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Froedtert Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Ujala Bokhary
- Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Tatiana Kaptzan
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Brad Lewis
- Division of Biostatistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Carl Tommaso
- Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Philip Krause
- Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Jeremy Thaden
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jae Oh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Roberto M Lang
- Division of Cardiology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Rebecca T Hahn
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Martin B Leon
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - William W O'Neill
- Center for Structural Heart Disease, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Ted Feldman
- Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Charanjit Rihal
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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3
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Saeed H, Ovalle OG, Bokhary U, Jermihov A, Lepkowska K, Bauer V, Kuchta K, Wright M, Glosner S, Frazer M, Quintero A, Hlavacek P, Mardekian J, Tafur A, Metzl M, Saucedo J. National Physician Survey for Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation (NVAF) Anticoagulation Comparing Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Cardiologist to PCPs. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2020; 26:1076029620952550. [PMID: 33079570 PMCID: PMC7791437 DOI: 10.1177/1076029620952550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: NVAF is estimated to affect between 6.4 and 7.4 million Americans in 2018,
and increases the risk of stroke 5-fold. To mitigate this risk, guidelines
recommend anticoagulating AF patients unless their stroke risk is very low.
Despite these recommendations, 30.0-60.0% of NVAF patients do not receive
indicated anticoagulation. To better understand why this may be, we surveyed
PCPs and cardiologists nationwide on their attitudes, knowledge and
practices toward managing NVAF with warfarin and direct-acting oral
anticoagulants (DOACs). Methods: We surveyed 1,000 PCPs and 500 cardiologists selected randomly from a master
list of the American Medical Association, using a paper based, anonymous,
self-administered, mailed scannable survey. The survey contained questions
on key demographics and data concerning attitudes, knowledge and practices
related to prescribing DOACs. The surveys went out in the fall/winter of
2017-8 with a $10 incentive gift card. Survey responses were scanned into an
Excel database and analyzed using SAS 9.3 (Cary, NC) for descriptive and
inferential statistics. Results: Two hundred and forty-nine providers (167 PCPs, 82 cardiologists)
participated in the study with a response rate of 18.8% (249/1320).
Respondent mean years ±SD of experience since completing residency was 23.2
± 13.8. Relative to cardiologists, less PCPs use CHADsVASC (36.8% vs. 74.4%)
(p < 0.0001); more have never used HAS-BLED, HEMORR2HAGES, or ATRIA
(38.5% vs. 9.8%) (p < .0001); more felt that their lack of
knowledge/experience with DOACs was a barrier to prescribing the agents (p =
0.005); and more reported that they could use additional education on DOACs
(87.0% vs. 47.0%) (p < 0.0001). Overall, cardiologists were more
concerned about ischemic stroke outcomes, while PCPs were more concerned
with GI bleeding. Cardiologists also felt that clinical trial data were most
helpful in choosing the most appropriate DOAC for their patients, while PCPs
felt that Real World Data was most useful. Conclusions: Cardiologists were more concerned with ischemic stroke while anticoagulating
patients and utilized screening instruments like CHADsVASC in a majority of
their patients. PCPs were concerned with GI bleeds when anticoagulating but
nearly 40.0% utilized no screening tools to assess bleeding risk. Our
findings show that future education about DOACs would be warranted
especially with PCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Saeed
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Oscar Garza Ovalle
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ujala Bokhary
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anastasia Jermihov
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kamila Lepkowska
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Victoria Bauer
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristine Kuchta
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcia Wright
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott Glosner
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret Frazer
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andres Quintero
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patrick Hlavacek
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jack Mardekian
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alfonso Tafur
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark Metzl
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jorge Saucedo
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL, USA.,Pfizer Inc, New York, NY, USA
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4
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Guo NL, Dowlati A, Raese RA, Dong C, Chen G, Beer DG, Shaffer J, Singh S, Bokhary U, Liu L, Howington J, Hensing T, Qian Y. A Predictive 7-Gene Assay and Prognostic Protein Biomarkers for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. EBioMedicine 2018; 32:102-110. [PMID: 29861409 PMCID: PMC6020749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to develop a multi-gene assay predictive of the clinical benefits of chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, and substantiate their protein expression as potential therapeutic targets. PATIENTS AND METHODS The mRNA expression of 160 genes identified from microarray was analyzed in qRT-PCR assays of independent 337 snap-frozen NSCLC tumors to develop a predictive signature. A clinical trial JBR.10 was included in the validation. Hazard ratio was used to select genes, and decision-trees were used to construct the predictive model. Protein expression was quantified with AQUA in 500 FFPE NSCLC samples. RESULTS A 7-gene signature was identified from training cohort (n = 83) with accurate patient stratification (P = 0.0043) and was validated in independent patient cohorts (n = 248, P < 0.0001) in Kaplan-Meier analyses. In the predicted benefit group, there was a significantly better disease-specific survival in patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy in both training (P = 0.035) and validation (P = 0.0049) sets. In the predicted non-benefit group, there was no survival benefit in patients receiving chemotherapy in either set. The protein expression of ZNF71 quantified with AQUA scores produced robust patient stratification in separate training (P = 0.021) and validation (P = 0.047) NSCLC cohorts. The protein expression of CD27 quantified with ELISA had a strong correlation with its mRNA expression in NSCLC tumors (Spearman coefficient = 0.494, P < 0.0088). Multiple signature genes had concordant DNA copy number variation, mRNA and protein expression in NSCLC progression. CONCLUSIONS This study presents a predictive multi-gene assay and prognostic protein biomarkers clinically applicable for improving NSCLC treatment, with important implications in lung cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Lan Guo
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9300, United States.
| | - Afshin Dowlati
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH 44106, United States
| | - Rebecca A Raese
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9300, United States
| | - Chunlin Dong
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9300, United States
| | - Guoan Chen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0944, United States
| | - David G Beer
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0944, United States
| | - Justine Shaffer
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9300, United States
| | - Salvi Singh
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-9300, United States
| | - Ujala Bokhary
- Kellogg Cancer Center, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Evanston, IL 60201, United States
| | - Lin Liu
- Kellogg Cancer Center, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Evanston, IL 60201, United States
| | - John Howington
- Kellogg Cancer Center, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Evanston, IL 60201, United States
| | - Thomas Hensing
- Kellogg Cancer Center, NorthShore University HealthSystem, 2650 Ridge Avenue, Evanston, IL 60201, United States
| | - Yong Qian
- National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
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5
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Won B, Carey GB, Tan YHC, Bokhary U, Itkonen M, Szeto K, Wallace J, Campbell N, Hensing T, Salgia R. The Chicago Thoracic Oncology Database Consortium: A Multisite Database Initiative. Cureus 2016; 8:e533. [PMID: 27092293 PMCID: PMC4833499 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: An increasing amount of clinical data is available to biomedical researchers, but specifically designed database and informatics infrastructures are needed to handle this data effectively. Multiple research groups should be able to pool and share this data in an efficient manner. The Chicago Thoracic Oncology Database Consortium (CTODC) was created to standardize data collection and facilitate the pooling and sharing of data at institutions throughout Chicago and across the world. We assessed the CTODC by conducting a proof of principle investigation on lung cancer patients who took erlotinib. This study does not look into epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, but rather it discusses the development and utilization of the database involved. Methods: We have implemented the Thoracic Oncology Program Database Project (TOPDP) Microsoft Access, the Thoracic Oncology Research Program (TORP) Velos, and the TORP REDCap databases for translational research efforts. Standard operating procedures (SOPs) were created to document the construction and proper utilization of these databases. These SOPs have been made available freely to other institutions that have implemented their own databases patterned on these SOPs. Results: A cohort of 373 lung cancer patients who took erlotinib was identified. The EGFR mutation statuses of patients were analyzed. Out of the 70 patients that were tested, 55 had mutations while 15 did not. In terms of overall survival and duration of treatment, the cohort demonstrated that EGFR-mutated patients had a longer duration of erlotinib treatment and longer overall survival compared to their EGFR wild-type counterparts who received erlotinib. Discussion: The investigation successfully yielded data from all institutions of the CTODC. While the investigation identified challenges, such as the difficulty of data transfer and potential duplication of patient data, these issues can be resolved with greater cross-communication between institutions of the consortium. Conclusion: The investigation described herein demonstrates the successful data collection from multiple institutions in the context of a collaborative effort. The data presented here can be utilized as the basis for further collaborative efforts and/or development of larger and more streamlined databases within the consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Won
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Chicago Medicine
| | - George B Carey
- The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Ujala Bokhary
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, NorthShore University HealthSystem
| | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Hensing
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, NorthShore University HealthSystem
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Pathology and Dermatology, The University of Chicago Medicine
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6
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Haque ME, Franklin T, Bokhary U, Mathew L, Hack BK, Chang A, Puri TS, Prasad PV. Longitudinal changes in MRI markers in a reversible unilateral ureteral obstruction mouse model: Preliminary experience. J Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 39:835-41. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad E. Haque
- Department of Radiology; NorthShore University HealthSystem; Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Tammy Franklin
- Department of Radiology; NorthShore University HealthSystem; Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Ujala Bokhary
- Department of Radiology; NorthShore University HealthSystem; Evanston Illinois USA
| | - Liby Mathew
- Department of Nephrology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Bradley K. Hack
- Department of Nephrology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Anthony Chang
- Department of Pathology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Tipu S. Puri
- Department of Nephrology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
| | - Pottumarthi V. Prasad
- Department of Radiology; NorthShore University HealthSystem; Evanston Illinois USA
- Department of Radiology; University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois USA
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