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Bengtsson V, Berglund L, Öhberg F, Aasa U. Thoracolumbar and Lumbopelvic Spinal Alignment During the Barbell Back Squat: A Comparison Between Men and Women. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2023; 18:820-830. [PMID: 37547841 PMCID: PMC10399085 DOI: 10.26603/001c.83942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maintaining neutral spinal alignment is considered important when performing the barbell back squat exercise. Since male and female lifters may differ in injury location it is important to examine whether they differ in spinal alignment during the back squat. Objectives The study aimed to quantify the spinal alignment in the upper and lower lumbar spine during the barbell back squat exercise in male and female lifters. Secondary aims were to compare alignment during the back squat to standing habitual lumbar spine alignment and determine whether male and female lifters differ in these aspects. Study Design Observational, Cross-sectional. Methods Competitive power- and weightlifters were recruited and performed three repetitions of the barbell back squat exercise using a load equivalent to 70% of their one-repetition maximum. Spinal alignment and range of motion were measured using inertial measurement units placed on the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine. Data was presented descriptively and comparisons between men and women as well as spinal alignment in four different positions were done with a factorial repeated measures analysis of variance. Results Twenty-three (14 males, 9 females) were included. During execution of the squat, spinal alignment adjustments in the lumbar spine were made in all three planes of movement, compared to the start position, in both male and female lifters. Compared to their standing habitual posture, all lifters adjusted their upper lumbar spine to a less lordotic position when in the start position of the back squat (standing upright with the barbell on their back). Only male lifters assumed a less lordotic alignment in their lower lumbar spine in the start position compared their habitual posture. Conclusions Adjustments of spinal alignment, predominantly in the sagittal plane, are made during execution of the back squat in both male and female lifters. Further, lifters adopt a less lordotic alignment with a heavy barbell on their upper back, more so in male than female lifters. In conclusion, it seems that spinal alignment changes noticeably during the barbell back squat. Level of Evidence 3©The Author(s).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Berglund
- Community medicine and rehabilitation Umeå university
| | | | - Ulrika Aasa
- Community medicine and rehabilitation Umeå university
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Tegern M, Aasa U, Larsson H. A Prospective Cohort Study on Risk Factors for Cervico-Thoracic Pain in Military Aircrew. Aerosp Med Hum Perform 2023; 94:500-507. [PMID: 37349918 DOI: 10.3357/amhp.6218.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Military aircrew frequently report cervico-thoracic pain and injury. The relationship between risk factors and future pain episodes is, however, uncertain. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for cervico-thoracic pain and to determine the 1-yr cumulative incidence of such pain.METHODS: A total of 47 Swedish aircrew (fighter and helicopter pilots and rear crew) without pain in the cervico-thoracic region were surveyed about work-related and personal factors and pain prevalence using the Musculoskeletal Screening Protocol questionnaire. They also performed tests of movement control, active cervical range of motion, and isometric neck muscle strength and endurance. Aircrew were followed for a year with questionnaires. Logistic regressions were used to identify potential risk factors for future cervico-thoracic pain.RESULTS: Previous cervico-thoracic pain (OR: 22.39, CI: 1.79-280.63), lower cervical flexion range of motion (OR: 0.78, CI: 0.64-0.96), and lower neck flexor muscular endurance (OR: 0.91, CI: 0.83-0.99) were identified as risk factors for reporting cervico-thoracic pain. At follow-up, 23.4% (CI: 13.6-37.2) had reported cervico-thoracic pain during the 12-mo follow-up period.DISCUSSION: The Musculoskeletal Screening Protocol can identify risk factors for cervico-thoracic pain. The link between cervico-thoracic pain and previous pain, as well as lower performance of neck range of motion and muscular endurance, highlights the need for primary and secondary preventive action. The findings from this study can facilitate the development of such pain prevention programs for aircrew.Tegern M, Aasa U, Larsson H. A prospective cohort study on risk factors for cervico-thoracic pain in military aircrew. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2023; 94(7):500-507.
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Svensson F, Aasa U, Strong A. Textile electromyography electrodes reveal differences in lower limb muscle activation during loaded squats when comparing fixed and free barbell movement paths. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:1021323. [PMID: 36524056 PMCID: PMC9745169 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.1021323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traditional recordings of muscle activation often involve time-consuming application of surface electrodes affixed to the skin in laboratory environments. The development of textile electromyography (EMG) electrodes now allows fast and unobtrusive assessment of muscle activation in ecologically valid environments. In this study, textile EMG shorts were used to assess whether performing squats with the barbell resting freely on the shoulders or using a Smith machine for a fixed barbell movement path is preferable for maximizing lower limb muscle activation. METHODS Sixteen athletes performed free and fixed barbell squats in a gym with external loads equivalent to their body mass. Quadriceps, hamstrings and gluteus maximus activation was measured bilaterally with textile EMG electrodes embedded in shorts. RESULTS Mean quadriceps activation was greater for the free compared with the fixed movement path for the right (mean difference [MD] 14μV, p = 0.04, ηp 2 = 0.28) and left leg (MD 15μV, p = 0.01, ηp 2 = 0.39) over the entire squat and specifically during the first half of the eccentric phase for the left leg (MD 7μV, p = 0.04, d = 0.56), second half of the eccentric phase for both legs (right leg MD 21μV, p = 0.05, d = 0.54; left leg MD 23μV, p = 0.04, d = 0.52) and the first half of the concentric phase for both legs (right leg MD 24μV, p = 0.04, d = 0.56; left leg MD 15μV, p = 0.01, d = 0.72). Greater hamstrings activation for the free path was seen for the second half of the eccentric phase (left leg MD 4μV, p = 0.03, d = 0.58) and first half of the concentric phase (right leg MD 5μV, p = 0.02, d = 0.72). No significant differences were found for gluteus maximus. DISCUSSION Textile EMG electrodes embedded in shorts revealed that to maximize thigh muscle activity during loaded squats, a free barbell movement path is preferable to a fixed barbell movement path.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrew Strong
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Bengtsson V, Aasa U, Öhberg F, Berglund L. Thoracolumbar And Lumbopelvic Spinal Alignment During The Deadlift Exercise: A Comparison Between Men And Women. Int J Sports Phys Ther 2022; 17:1063-1074. [PMID: 36237649 PMCID: PMC9528690 DOI: 10.26603/001c.37859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A neutral spinal alignment is considered important during the execution of the deadlift exercise to decrease the risk of injury. Since male and female powerlifters experience pain in different parts of their backs, it is important to examine whether men and women differ in spinal alignment during the deadlift. Objectives The purpose of this study was to quantify the spinal alignment in the upper (thoracolumbar, T11-L2) and lower (lumbopelvic, L2-S2) lumbar spine during the deadlift exercise in male and female lifters. Secondary aims were to compare lumbar spine alignment during the deadlift to standing habitual posture, and determine whether male and female lifters differ in these aspects. Study Design Observational, Cross-sectional. Methods Twenty-four (14 men, 10 women) lifters performed three repetitions of the deadlift exercise using 70% of their respective one-repetition maximum. Spinal alignment and spinal range of motion were measured using three inertial measurement units placed on the thoracic, lumbar and sacral spine. Data from three different positions were analyzed; habitual posture in standing, and start and stop positions of the deadlift, i.e. bottom and finish position respectively. Results During the deadlift, spinal adjustments were evident in all three planes of movement. From standing habitual posture to the start position the lumbar lordosis decreased 13° in the upper and 20° in the lower lumbar spine. From start position to stop position the total range of motion in the sagittal plane was 11° in the upper and 22° in the lower lumbar spine. The decreased lumbar lordosis from standing habitual posture to the start position was significantly greater among men. Conclusions Men and women adjust their spinal alignment in all three planes of movement when performing a deadlift and men seem to make greater adjustments from their standing habitual posture to start position in the sagittal plane. Level of Evidence 3.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Community medicine and rehabilitation, Umeå university
| | | | - Lars Berglund
- Community medicine and rehabilitation, Umeå university
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Falk J, Aasa U, Berglund L. How accurate are visual assessments by physical therapists of lumbo-pelvic movements during the squat and deadlift? Phys Ther Sport 2021; 50:195-200. [PMID: 34098325 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the accuracy of visual assessments made by physical therapists of lumbo-pelvic movements during the squat and deadlift and how much movement is considered injurious. DESIGN Quantitative Cross-sectional. PARTICIPANTS 14 powerlifters, 10 Olympic weightlifters and six physical therapists. SETTING The lifters were recorded simultaneously by video and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) system while performing squats and deadlifts. The physical therapists assessed the videos and rated whether specific lumbo-pelvic movements were visible during the lifts and whether the movement amplitude was considered injurious. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The nominal visual assessments, if there was a movement and if it was considered injurious, were compared to the degrees of movement attained from the IMU system. RESULTS During the squat, a posterior pelvic tilt of ≥34° was required to visually detect the movement. For other lumbo-pelvic movements, there was no significant difference in the amount of movement between those who were assessed as moving or not moving their lumbo-pelvic area, nor was there a difference in movement amplitude between those who were assessed as having an increased risk of injury or not. CONCLUSIONS Physical therapists did not consistently detect lumbo-pelvic movements during squats and deadlifts when performed by competitive lifters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Falk
- Department of Health, Education and Technology, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87, Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Lars Berglund
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
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Tegern M, Aasa U, Larsson H. Cervico-thoracic pain and associated impairments in air force personnel: a cross-sectional study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:441. [PMID: 33990194 PMCID: PMC8122543 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04301-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain and impaired function in the cervical region are common in Air Force personnel (AFP), but evidence is limited regarding the thoracic region. This cross-sectional cohort study examined associations between cervico-thoracic pain and physical performance among Swedish AFP and explored possible differences and similarities in test performance between fighter pilots (FP), helicopter pilots (HP) and rear crew (RC). METHODS AFP (n = 73) from one airbase performed eight tests of movement control of the spine, active cervical range of motion (ROM) in all six directions and isometric strength and endurance of the cervical flexors and extensors. The association between test performance and cervico-thoracic pain (based on the 'Musculoskeletal screening protocol' questionnaire) were analysed in a multiple binary logistic regression model. RESULTS For AFP with cervico-thoracic pain (30%), movement control was impaired in the 'neck flexion test' (OR [95%CI] =3.61 [1.06-12.34]) and the 'forward lean test' (OR [95%CI] =3.43[1.04-11.37]), together with reduced flexion ROM (OR [95%CI] =0.93 [0.87-0.99]). Test performance was in general similar between the three groups, but FP and HP could control the 'forward lean test' to a significantly higher degree than RC (p = 0.000). Further, FP showed significantly greater ROM in lateral flexion to the right compared to HP and RC (mean: 40.3°, 36.2° and 33.4°, respectively, p = 0.000), and they showed higher, although not significant, flexor strength than RC (p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS The impaired function associated with cervico-thoracic pain highlights the need for a deeper understanding of such relationships when designing tools to systematically optimize the physical performance and prevent pain among AFP. Studies with a longitudinal design are warranted to examine any causative associations between pain and impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Tegern
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Division of Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Division of Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Helena Larsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Swedish Armed Forces, HQ, Stockholm, Sweden
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Pedrelli M, Parini P, Kindberg J, Arnemo JM, Bjorkhem I, Aasa U, Westerståhl M, Walentinsson A, Pavanello C, Turri M, Calabresi L, Öörni K, Camejo G, Fröbert O, Hurt-Camejo E. Vasculoprotective properties of plasma lipoproteins from brown bears (Ursus arctos). J Lipid Res 2021; 62:100065. [PMID: 33713671 PMCID: PMC8131316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2021.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride (TG) levels are twice as high in hibernating brown bears (Ursus arctos) than healthy humans. Yet, bears display no signs of early stage atherosclerosis development when adult. To explore this apparent paradox, we analyzed plasma lipoproteins from the same 10 bears in winter (hibernation) and summer using size exclusion chromatography, ultracentrifugation, and electrophoresis. LDL binding to arterial proteoglycans (PGs) and plasma cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) were also evaluated. The data collected and analyzed from bears were also compared with those from healthy humans. In bears, the cholesterol ester, unesterified cholesterol, TG, and phospholipid contents of VLDL and LDL were higher in winter than in summer. The percentage lipid composition of LDL differed between bears and humans but did not change seasonally in bears. Bear LDL was larger, richer in TGs, showed prebeta electrophoretic mobility, and had 5–10 times lower binding to arterial PGs than human LDL. Finally, plasma CEC was higher in bears than in humans, especially the HDL fraction when mediated by ABCA1. These results suggest that in brown bears the absence of early atherogenesis is likely associated with a lower affinity of LDL for arterial PGs and an elevated CEC of bear plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Pedrelli
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Translational Science & Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Paolo Parini
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Metabolism Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Theme Inflammation and Infection, Karolinska university Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Kindberg
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jon M Arnemo
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Campus Evenstad, Koppang, Norway
| | - Ingemar Bjorkhem
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Westerståhl
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Walentinsson
- Translational Science & Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Chiara Pavanello
- Centro Enrica Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Turri
- Centro Enrica Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Calabresi
- Centro Enrica Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Katariina Öörni
- Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Gérman Camejo
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ole Fröbert
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Umeå, Sweden; Örebro University, Faculty of Health, Department of Cardiology, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Eva Hurt-Camejo
- Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Translational Science & Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Pedrelli M, Parini P, Kindberg J, Arnemo J, Björkhem I, Aasa U, Westerstahl M, Walentinsson A, Öörni K, Camejo G, Frobert O, Hurt-Camejo E. Athero-protective properties of plasma lipoproteins from brown bears (URSUS ARCTOS) during hibernation and active state. Atherosclerosis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.10.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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af Wåhlberg AE, Madison G, Aasa U, Yu JJ. Meta-Analytic Analysis of Invariance Across Samples: Introducing a Method That Does Not Require Raw Data. Basic and Applied Social Psychology 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01973533.2020.1843461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Tegern M, Aasa U, Äng BO, Larsson H. Correction to: Musculoskeletal disorders and their associations with health- and work-related factors: a cross-sectional comparison between Swedish air force personnel and army soldiers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:674. [PMID: 33038934 PMCID: PMC7548037 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03677-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Tegern
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Unit of Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. .,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Unit of Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn O Äng
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.,Centre for Clinical Research Dalarna, Uppsala University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Helena Larsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Swedish Armed Forces, HQ, Stockholm, Sweden
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Sjöberg H, Aasa U, Rosengren M, Berglund L. Content Validity Index and Reliability of a New Protocol for Evaluation of Lifting Technique in the Powerlifting Squat and Deadlift. J Strength Cond Res 2020; 34:2528-2536. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Aasa B, Sandlund J, Rudolfsson T, Aasa U. Acuity of goal-directed arm movements and movement control; evaluation of differences between patients with persistent neck/shoulder pain and healthy controls. European Journal of Physiotherapy 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2020.1785004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Björn Aasa
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jonas Sandlund
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thomas Rudolfsson
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Tegern M, Aasa U, Äng BO, Larsson H. Musculoskeletal disorders and their associations with health- and work-related factors: a cross-sectional comparison between Swedish air force personnel and army soldiers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2020; 21:303. [PMID: 32408863 PMCID: PMC7227099 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-020-03251-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high numbers of musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) among soldiers in the Swedish Armed Forces has led to the implementation of an effective prevention program, the musculoskeletal screening protocol (MSP), including questionnaires, physical tests and individual intervention of their MSD. A corresponding MSP for the Swedish Air Force is also needed due to earlier reported high prevalence of MSD. We therefore investigated the prevalence of MSD in Swedish Air Force personnel (AF) and compared this to Swedish Army deployed soldiers (DS). Individual, health- and work-related factors associated with MSD were also investigated. METHODS Cross-sectional questionnaire-based study on 166 male AF and 185 DS. AF consisted of fighter pilots, helicopter pilots and rear crew from one Swedish air base. RESULTS The one-year and point prevalence, respectively, of MSD were significantly higher for AF compared to DS with regard to both the upper quarter of the body (i.e. neck, shoulder and thoracic regions) (AF = 54.8 and 31.3%, DS = 26.1 and 13.6%, p = 0.01) and the lumbar region (AF = 38.0 and 18.7%, DS = 22.2 and 7.1%, p = 0.00). No significant differences were present between fighter pilots, helicopter pilots and rear crew regarding MSD prevalence. Factors significantly associated with having both upper quarter and lumbar regions MSD were group (i.e. greater odds for AF than DS) and self-reported physical health as less than excellent. Additionally, being older and taller were also factors associated with lumbar region MSD. DISCUSSION Despite a generally healthy lifestyle, MSD were commonly reported by AF and DS, with generally higher prevalence in AF who mainly reported MSD in the upper quarter of the body. The results from this study indicate that the MSP can be a meaningful tool to prevent MSD in air force personnel and that questions regarding general health and MSD in specific body regions should be included in screening protocols. The development of the preventive program MSP is therefore recommended for the Swedish Air Force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Tegern
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Unit of Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. .,Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Unit of Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn O Äng
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.,Centre for Clinical Research Dalarna - Uppsala University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Helena Larsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Swedish Armed Forces, HQ, Stockholm, Sweden
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Aasa U, Berglund L. A descriptive analysis of functional impairments and patho-anatomical findings in eight powerlifters. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 60:582-593. [DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.19.10201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Lundell S, Mian L, Aasa U, Westerståhl M. Reasons for being physically active in middle age and longitudinal associations between physical activity and physical capacity. Transl Sports Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lundell
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Umeå University Umeå Sweden
| | - Louise Mian
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Umeå University Umeå Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy Umeå University Umeå Sweden
| | - Maria Westerståhl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Physiology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
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Abstract
The aims of the study were to evaluate the relative and absolute variability of upper (T11-L2) and lower (L2-S2) lumbar spinal alignment in power- and weightlifters during the deadlift and back squat exercises, and to compare this alignment between the two lifting groups. Twenty-four competitive powerlifters (n = 14) and weightlifters (n = 10) performed three repetitions of the deadlift and the back squat exercises using a load equivalent to 70% of their respective one-repetition maximum. The main outcome measures were the three-dimensional lumbar spinal alignment for start position, minimum and maximum angle of their spinal alignment, and range of motion measured using inertial measurement units. Relative intra-trial reliability was calculated using the two-way random model intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and absolute reliability with minimal detectable change (MDC). The ICC ranged between 0.69 and 0.99 and the MDC between 1°-8° for the deadlift. Corresponding figures for the squat were 0.78-0.99 and 1°-6°. In all participants during both exercises, spinal adjustments were made in both thoracolumbar and lumbopelvic areas in all three dimensions. In conclusion, when performing three repetitions of the deadlift and the squat, lumbar spinal alignment of the lifters did not change much between repetitions and did not differ significantly between power- and weightlifters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Victor Bengtsson
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Berglund
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Öhberg
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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17
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Westerståhl M, Jansson E, Barnekow-Bergkvist M, Aasa U. Longitudinal changes in physical capacity from adolescence to middle age in men and women. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14767. [PMID: 30283061 PMCID: PMC6170499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33141-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to investigate how physical capacity changes from adolescence through early adulthood to middle age with focus on early aging. The aim was also to study if physical capacity in middle age could be predicted by factors in adolescence or early adulthood. A cohort of men and women in Sweden (SPAF-1958, n = 425) have been followed for 36 years, at 16, 34, and 52 years of age. The study includes, among other variables, objective measures of physical capacity. At age 52, 50% of the original cohort participated in exercise testing. Physical capacity increased from 16 to 34 years. From 34 to 52 years, physical capacity decreased in both genders by 15-20% in all but one test. Physical capacity at 16 and 34 years of age were better predictors of physical capacity at age 52 than body dimensions, school grades and life style factors. In conclusion, present data confirm earlier cross-sectional studies regarding the decrease in aerobic capacity and muscular strength during the early ageing period in both genders. The study has also generated novel data that show a smaller decline in muscular endurance than previously reported. Finally, physical capacity is fairly stable from adolescence to middle age.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Westerståhl
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - E Jansson
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - U Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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18
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Tegern M, Aasa U, Äng BO, Harms-Ringdahl K, Larsson H. Inter-rater and test-retest reliability of movement control tests for the neck, shoulder, thoracic, lumbar, and hip regions in military personnel. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204552. [PMID: 30252903 PMCID: PMC6155551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies are needed to mitigate the high rates and related risks of musculoskeletal complaints and injuries (MSCI) in the military aviator community. Previous work on Swedish Armed Forces (SwAF) soldiers have shown that proper screening methods have been successful in reducing early discharge from military training. Research has pointed at the importance of optimal spinal movement control in military aviators. The aim of this work was to investigate the inter-rater and test-retest reliability of a battery of clinical tests for evaluating movement control in the neck, shoulders, thoracic, lumbar, and hip regions in a population of SwAF military personnel. Inter-rater and test-retest reliability of 15 movement control tests were assessed by crude and prevalence-adjusted kappa coefficient. The study included 37 (inter-rater) and 45 (test-retest) SwAF personnel and was performed with two physiotherapists simultaneously observing and rating the movements on the first occasion and repeated with one physiotherapist on the second occasion. For inter-rater reliability, the kappa coefficient ranged from .19 to .95. Seven tests showed substantial to almost perfect agreement (kappa > .60). With the adjusted kappa, three more tests reached the level of substantial agreement. The corresponding values for test-retest reliability ranged from .26 to .65. Substantial agreement was attained for two tests, three with adjusted kappa. The following tests can reliably be used when screening for biomechanically less advantageous movement patters in military aviators: Shoulder flexion, and rotation, Neck flexion in sitting and supine, Neck extension and rotation in sitting, Pelvic tilt, Forward lean and Single and Double knee extension tests. Grading criteria for tests in supine and quadruped positions need to be further elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Tegern
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn O. Äng
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Karin Harms-Ringdahl
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Allied Health Professionals Function, Functional area Occupational therapy and Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Larsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
- Swedish Armed Forces, HQ, Stockholm, Sweden
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19
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Bengtsson V, Berglund L, Aasa U. Narrative review of injuries in powerlifting with special reference to their association to the squat, bench press and deadlift. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2018; 4:e000382. [PMID: 30057777 PMCID: PMC6059276 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain and injuries are considered a common problem among elite athletes and recreational lifters performing the squat, bench press and deadlift. Since all three lifts engage multiple joints and expose the lifters’ bodies to high physical demands often several times a week, it has been suggested that their injuries might be related to the excessively heavy loads, the large range of motion during the exercises, insufficient resting times between training sessions and/or faulty lifting technique. However, no previous article has summarised what is known about specific injuries and the injury aetiology associated with the three lifts. Thus, the aim of this narrative review was to summarise what is known about the relationships between the powerlifting exercises and the specific injuries or movement impairments that are common among lifters and recreationally active individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Bengtsson
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Berglund
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå School of Sport Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå School of Sport Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Medfit, Primary Care Rehabilitation and Fitness Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
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20
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Abstract
Background: Powerlifting consists of the squat, bench press, and dead lift, and extreme loads are lifted during training and competitions. Previous studies, which have defined an injury as an event that causes an interruption in training or competitions, have reported a relatively low frequency of powerlifting injuries (1.0-4.4 injuries/1000 hours of training). No previous study has investigated the prevalence of injuries, defined as a condition of pain or impairment of bodily function that affects powerlifters’ training, in a balanced sample of men and women, and no studies have established possible risk factors for an injury. Purpose: To investigate the prevalence, localization, and characterization of injuries among Swedish subelite classic powerlifters, with an emphasis on differences between men and women, and to investigate whether training and lifestyle factors are associated with an injury. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 53 female and 51 male Swedish subelite powerlifters answered an online questionnaire including questions about background characteristics, training habits, and lifestyle factors. The main part of the questionnaire included questions about injuries and their consequences. An injury was defined as a condition of pain or impairment of bodily function that affects powerlifters’ training. Results: Seventy percent (73/104) of participants were currently injured, and 87% (83/95) had experienced an injury within the past 12 months. The lumbopelvic region, shoulder, and hip were the most commonly injured areas for both sexes. Women experienced a significantly greater frequency of injuries in the neck and thoracic region than men. Injuries seemed to occur during training, although only 16% (11/70) of those currently injured had to completely refrain from training. Training frequency, greater personal best in the dead lift, injury onset during bench-press and dead-lift training, use of straps, alcohol consumption, and dietary issues were associated with current injuries. Conclusion: Injuries are very common in subelite powerlifters. Men and women report similar injury frequencies but different anatomic locations. These injuries do not prevent powerlifters from training and competing, but they may change the content of training sessions. Why powerlifters develop injuries is still unclear; however, it is likely that the management of training loads and optimization of the lifting technique during the squat, bench press, and dead lift are of importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edit Strömbäck
- Unit of Sports Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kajsa Gilenstam
- Unit of Sports Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Berglund
- Unit of Physiotherapy, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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21
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Berglund L, Aasa B, Michaelson P, Aasa U. Sagittal lumbopelvic alignment in patients with low back pain and the effects of a high-load lifting exercise and individualized low-load motor control exercises-a randomized controlled trial. Spine J 2018; 18:399-406. [PMID: 28757287 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2017.07.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Assessment of posture and lumbopelvic alignment is often the main focus in the classification and treatment of patients with low back pain (LBP). However, little is known regarding the effects of motor control interventions on objective measures of lumbopelvic alignment. PURPOSE The primary aim of this study was to describe the variation of sagittal lumbopelvic alignment in patients with nociceptive mechanical LBP. The secondary aim was to compare the effects of a high-load lifting exercise (HLL) and low-load motor control exercises (LMC) on the change in lumbopelvic alignment with a special emphasis on patients with high and low degrees of lumbar lordosis (lu) and sacral angle (sa). STUDY DESIGN This study is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effects of HLL and LMC. PATIENT SAMPLE Patients from the primary study, that is, patients categorized with nociceptive mechanical LBP, who agreed to participate in the radiographic examination were included (n=66). OUTCOME MEASURES Lateral plain radiographic images were used to evaluate lumbopelvic alignment regarding the lumbar lordosis and the sacral angle as outcomes, with posterior bend as an explanatory variable. MATERIALS AND METHODS The participants were recruited to the study from two occupational health-care facilities. They were randomized to either the HLL or the LMC intervention group and offered 12 supervised exercise sessions. Outcome measures were collected at baseline and following the end of intervention period 2 months after baseline. Between- and within-group analyses of intervention groups and subgroups based on the distribution of the baseline values for the lumbar lordosis and the sacral angle, respectively (LOW, MID, and HIGH), were performed using both parametric and non-parametric statistics. RESULTS The ranges of values for the present sample were 26.9-91.6° (M=59.0°, standard deviation [SD]=11.5°) for the lumbar lordosis and 18.2-72.1° (M=42.0°, SD=9.6°) for the sacral angle. There were no significant differences between the intervention groups in the percent change of eitheroutcome measure. Neither did any outcome change significantly over time within the intervention groups. In the subgroups, based on the distribution of respective baseline values, LOWlu showed a significantly increased lumbar lordosis, whereas HIGHsa showed a significantly decreased sacral angle following intervention. CONCLUSIONS This study describes the wide distribution of values for lumbopelvic alignment for patients with nociceptive mechanical LBP. Further research is needed to investigate subgroups of other types of LBP and contrast findings to those presented in this study. Our results also suggest that retraining of the lumbopelvic alignment could be possible for patients with LBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Berglund
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Vårdvetarhuset, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå School of Sport Sciences, Umeå University, IKSU sport, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Björn Aasa
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University Hospital, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden; Norrlandskliniken Health Care Centre, Glimmervägen 5 E, 907 40 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Peter Michaelson
- Division of Health and Rehabilitation, Department of Health Science, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Vårdvetarhuset, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå School of Sport Sciences, Umeå University, IKSU sport, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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22
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Tapani F, Singh E, Markova M, Koncalova M, Aasa U. An inter-tester reliability and feasibility study of the Manual Physiotherapeutic Correction (MFK) method. European Journal of Physiotherapy 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21679169.2016.1228013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Tapani
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation Physiotherapy, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Erik Singh
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation Physiotherapy, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Markova
- Department of Rehabilitation, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Koncalova
- Department of Rehabilitation, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation Physiotherapy, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
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23
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Michaelson P, Holmberg D, Aasa B, Aasa U. High load lifting exercise and low load motor control exercises as interventions for patients with mechanical low back pain: A randomized controlled trial with 24-month follow-up. J Rehabil Med 2016; 48:456-63. [PMID: 27097785 DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a high load lifting exercise with low load motor control exercises on pain intensity, disability and health-related quality of life for patients with mechanical low back pain. DESIGN A randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS Patients with mechanical low back pain as their dominating pain mechanism. METHODS The intervention programme consisted of a high load lifting exercise, while the control group received low load motor control exercises over 8 weeks (12 sessions) with pain education included in both intervention arms. The primary outcome was pain intensity and disability, and the secondary outcome was health-related quality of life. RESULTS Each intervention arm included 35 participants, analysed following 2-, 12- and 24-month follow-up. There was no significant difference between the high load lifting and low load motor control interventions for the primary or secondary outcome measures. Between 50% and 80% of participants reported a decrease in perceived pain intensity and disability for both short- and long-term follow-up. CONCLUSION No difference was observed between the high low load lifting and low load motor control interventions. Both interventions included retraining of movement patterns and pain education, which might explain the positive results over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Michaelson
- Department of Health Science, Luleå University of Technology, SE-971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
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24
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Aasa U, Paulin J, Madison G. Correspondence Between Physical Self-Concept and Participation in, and Fitness Change After, Biweekly Body Conditioning Classes in Sedentary Women. J Strength Cond Res 2016; 31:451-461. [PMID: 27893472 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aasa, U, Paulin, J, and Madison, G. Correspondence between physical self-concept and participation in, and fitness change after, biweekly body conditioning classes in sedentary women. J Strength Cond Res 31(2): 451-461, 2017-The aims of the study were (a) to investigate the effects of participation in low impact body conditioning classes on physical fitness in sedentary women at different ages and (b) to examine the correspondence between physical self-concept and participation in, and fitness change after, the participation. Ninety-two sedentary women (mean age 44.2 years) participated in 11 weeks of biweekly classes that included cardiovascular, strength, core, endurance, and mobility exercises, all performed in synchrony with music. Cardiorespiratory fitness, maximal lifting strength, mobility, and balance tests were performed before and after the exercise period and the short-form of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ-S) was completed. Zero-order Spearman correlation analyses showed that women who rated the PSDQ-S dimension sport competence higher participated in a larger number of sessions (rs = 0.24, p = 0.040). At posttests, all participants had increased their balance, the participants aged 20-34 years had increased their lifting strength, and the participants aged 35-65 years had increased their cardiorespiratory fitness and mobility. Most PSDQ-S dimensions did not affect performance change, but the perception of being physically active was related to increased cardiovascular fitness. We conclude that women with a sedentary lifestyle who wish to increase their physical capacity benefit from music exercise and that inquiries about perceived sport competence and physical activity can improve recommendations made by strength and conditioning professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Aasa
- Departments of 1Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy; and 2Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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25
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Olympic weightlifting and powerlifting are two sports that expose the body to great forces. Injury characteristics have not been systematically reviewed for these two growing sports. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding various definitions of injuries used, injury localisation, the prevalence and incidence of injuries and the associated risk factors for injuries in weightlifting and powerlifting. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES Five databases, PubMed, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus and Web of Science, were searched between 9 March and 6 April 2015. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Studies assessing injury incidence and prevalence in Olympic weightlifting and powerlifting were included. The Quality assessment tool for observational cohort and cross-sectional studies was used to assess methodological quality. RESULTS 9 studies were included in the review. Injury was defined fairly consistently across studies. Most studies were of low methodological quality. The spine, shoulder and the knee were the most common injury localisations in both sports. The injury incidence in weightlifting was 2.4-3.3 injuries/1000 hours of training and 1.0-4.4 injuries/1000 hours of training in powerlifting. Only one retrospective study had analysed possible risk factors. SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS The risk of injury in both sports were similar to other non-contact sports also requiring strength/power, but low compared to contact sports. The severity of injuries differed in the included studies. Since little has been studied regarding possible risk factors to injuries, further research is therefore warranted to explain why athletes get injured and how to prevent injuries. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42015014805.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå School of Sport Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ivar Svartholm
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Andersson
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Berglund
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå School of Sport Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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26
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Hesselman Borg J, Westerståhl M, Lundell S, Madison G, Aasa U. Longitudinal study exploring factors associated with neck/shoulder pain at 52 years of age. J Pain Res 2016; 9:303-10. [PMID: 27307762 PMCID: PMC4889214 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s93845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the ability of work-related measurements, body composition, physical activity, and fitness levels to predict neck/shoulder pain (upper body pain, UBP) at the age of 52 years. Another aim was to investigate the cross-sectional relationships between UBP, work-related factors, and individual factors at the age of 52 years. METHODS We followed a randomly selected cohort of 429 adolescents that was recruited in 1974 (baseline), when they were 16 years old. The participants completed physical fitness tests, questions about sociodemographic and lifestyle factors at 16, 34, and 52 years of age, and questions about work-related factors and pain in the follow-ups. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations between UBP and the other variables. RESULTS Univariate logistic regression analyses showed that high body mass index and the work-related factors, low control, and low social support at the age of 34 years were related to UBP at the age of 52 years. For social support, there was an interaction between men and women where the relationship between low social support and the experience of pain was more evident for women. Among women, body mass index and social support remained significantly related in the multivariate analyses. For men, social support remained significantly related. Cross-sectional relationships at the age of 52 differed from the longitudinal in the sense that measures of joint flexibility and work posture were also significantly associated with UBP. CONCLUSION The fact that the cross-sectional differed from the longitudinal relationships strengthens the importance of performing longitudinal studies when studying factors that might influence the initiation of pain. UBP preventative measures might need to include both lifestyle (such as dietary habits and physical activity to ensure that the individuals are not becoming overweight) and work-related factors such as social support.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Westerståhl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Lundell
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Guy Madison
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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27
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Aasa U, Lundell S, Barnekow-Bergkvist M, Jansson E, Westerståhl M. The Swedish physical activity and fitness cohort born in 1958 - dropout analysis and overview at 36-year follow-up. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:418-429. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U. Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - S. Lundell
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | | | - E. Jansson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Clinical Physiology Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital; SE-141 86 Stockholm Sweden
| | - M. Westerståhl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Clinical Physiology Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital; SE-141 86 Stockholm Sweden
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28
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Larsson H, Tegern M, Monnier A, Skoglund J, Helander C, Persson E, Malm C, Broman L, Aasa U. Content Validity Index and Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability of a New Muscle Strength/Endurance Test Battery for Swedish Soldiers. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132185. [PMID: 26177030 PMCID: PMC4503674 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the content validity of commonly used muscle performance tests in military personnel and to investigate the reliability of a proposed test battery. For the content validity investigation, thirty selected tests were those described in the literature and/or commonly used in the Nordic and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) countries. Nine selected experts rated, on a four-point Likert scale, the relevance of these tests in relation to five different work tasks: lifting, carrying equipment on the body or in the hands, climbing, and digging. Thereafter, a content validity index (CVI) was calculated for each work task. The result showed excellent CVI (≥0.78) for sixteen tests, which comprised of one or more of the military work tasks. Three of the tests; the functional lower-limb loading test (the Ranger test), dead-lift with kettlebells, and back extension, showed excellent content validity for four of the work tasks. For the development of a new muscle strength/endurance test battery, these three tests were further supplemented with two other tests, namely, the chins and side-bridge test. The inter-rater reliability was high (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC2,1 0.99) for all five tests. The intra-rater reliability was good to high (ICC3,1 0.82–0.96) with an acceptable standard error of mean (SEM), except for the side-bridge test (SEM%>15). Thus, the final suggested test battery for a valid and reliable evaluation of soldiers’ muscle performance comprised the following four tests; the Ranger test, dead-lift with kettlebells, chins, and back extension test. The criterion-related validity of the test battery should be further evaluated for soldiers exposed to varying physical workload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Larsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy,Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
- Swedish Armed Forces, Stockholm, SE-107 85, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Matthias Tegern
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy,Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of community medicine and rehabilitation, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andreas Monnier
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy,Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
- Swedish Armed Forces, Stockholm, SE-107 85, Sweden
| | - Jörgen Skoglund
- Department of community medicine and rehabilitation, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Helander
- Department of community medicine and rehabilitation, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Emelie Persson
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Science, Umeå University, SE-908 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christer Malm
- Department of Surgery and Perioperative Science, Umeå University, SE-908 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lisbet Broman
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy,Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy,Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 83, Huddinge, Sweden
- Department of community medicine and rehabilitation, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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Berglund L, Aasa B, Hellqvist J, Michaelson P, Aasa U. Which Patients With Low Back Pain Benefit From Deadlift Training? J Strength Cond Res 2015; 29:1803-11. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Aasa B, Berglund B, Aasa U. Potential predictors of activity and pain intensity twelve months after spinal motor control training in patients with low back pain. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Madison G, Aasa U, Wallert J, Woodley MA. Feminist activist women are masculinized in terms of digit-ratio and social dominance: a possible explanation for the feminist paradox. Front Psychol 2014; 5:1011. [PMID: 25250010 PMCID: PMC4158978 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The feminist movement purports to improve conditions for women, and yet only a minority of women in modern societies self-identify as feminists. This is known as the feminist paradox. It has been suggested that feminists exhibit both physiological and psychological characteristics associated with heightened masculinization, which may predispose women for heightened competitiveness, sex-atypical behaviors, and belief in the interchangeability of sex roles. If feminist activists, i.e., those that manufacture the public image of feminism, are indeed masculinized relative to women in general, this might explain why the views and preferences of these two groups are at variance with each other. We measured the 2D:4D digit ratios (collected from both hands) and a personality trait known as dominance (measured with the Directiveness scale) in a sample of women attending a feminist conference. The sample exhibited significantly more masculine 2D:4D and higher dominance ratings than comparison samples representative of women in general, and these variables were furthermore positively correlated for both hands. The feminist paradox might thus to some extent be explained by biological differences between women in general and the activist women who formulate the feminist agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Madison
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden
| | - John Wallert
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden
| | - Michael A Woodley
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden ; Center Leo Apostel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels Belgium
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Aasa B, Lundström L, Papacosta D, Sandlund J, Aasa U. Do we see the same movement impairments? The inter-rater reliability of movement tests for experienced and novice physiotherapists. European Journal of Physiotherapy 2014. [DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2014.917435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Björn Aasa
- Norrlandskliniken, Umeå and Umeå University, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lena Lundström
- Pain Rehabilitation, Norrlands University Hospital, Umeå 901 85, Sweden
| | | | - Jonas Sandlund
- Umeå University, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Umeå University, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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Elcadi GH, Forsman M, Hallman DM, Aasa U, Fahlstrom M, Crenshaw AG. Oxygenation and hemodynamics do not underlie early muscle fatigue for patients with work-related muscle pain. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95582. [PMID: 24755957 PMCID: PMC3995774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from work-related muscle pain (WRMP) fatigue earlier during exercise than healthy controls. Inadequate oxygen consumption and/or inadequate blood supply can influence the ability of the muscles to withstand fatigue. However, it remains unknown if oxygenation and hemodynamics are associated with early fatigue in muscles of WRMP patients. In the present study we applied near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) on the extensor carpi radialis (ECR) and trapezius (TD) muscles of patients with WRMP (n = 18) and healthy controls (n = 17). Our objective was to determine if there were group differences in endurance times for a low-level contraction of 15% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) – sustained for 12–13 min, and to see if these differences were associated with differences in muscle oxygenation and hemodynamics. At baseline, oxygen saturation (StO2%) was similar between groups for the ECR, but StO2% was significantly lower for TD for the WRMP patients (76%) compared to controls (85%) (P<0.01). Also, baseline ECR blood flow was similar in the two groups. For both muscles there were a larger number of patients, compared to controls, that did not maintain the 15% MVC for the allotted time. Consequently, the endurance times were significantly shorter for the WRMP patients than controls (medians, ECR: 347 s vs. 582 s; TD: 430 s vs. 723 s respectively). Responses in StO2% during the contractions were not significantly different between groups for either muscle, i.e. no apparent difference in oxygen consumption. Overall, we interpret our findings to indicate that the early fatigue for our WRMP patients was not associated with muscle oxygenation and hemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme H. Elcadi
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Mikael Forsman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David M. Hallman
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Ulrika Aasa
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Martin Fahlstrom
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Professional Development, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the physical and psychological effects across 11 weeks of music-exercise sessions, the participants' training experience, and attitudes towards physical activity. The effect of different music information was also investigated. METHODS Overall, 146 sedentary volunteers were randomized into 4 exercise groups and each group received different music information. Physical capacity and psychological measures were obtained. RESULTS Increased performance in oxygen uptake and flexibility and decreased blood pressure was found. Participants reported increased wellbeing and body-awareness, and an intention to remain physically active. No differences between groups were found. CONCLUSION Music-exercise can be recommended to promote physical activity among sedentary individuals. The amount of musical information in synchronous music seems not to have any effects on self-selected intensity or physiological benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Madison
- Department of Psychology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Aasa U, Jensen BR, Sandfeld J, Richter H, Lyskov E, Crenshaw AG. The impact of object size and precision demands on fatigue during computer mouse use. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3109/14038196.2011.583269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Aasa U, Angquist KA, Barnekow-Bergkvist M. The effects of a 1-year physical exercise programme on development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task. Ergonomics 2008; 51:1179-1194. [PMID: 18622823 DOI: 10.1080/00140130802116471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of individually prescribed physical exercise programmes on development of fatigue during the carrying of a loaded stretcher up and down the stairs. Nineteen ambulance personnel performed the training for 1 year. Testing occurred before and after 1 year of the training. Both the training group (n = 19) and the control group (n = 15) were assessed for physical capacity and lactate concentration in blood and ratings of perceived exertion during carrying a stretcher on the stairs. When comparisons were made between those who had been training three times/week for 1 year and the control group, lactate concentration was significantly decreased. In conclusion, markers of fatigue during stretcher carrying can be reduced by the use of individually prescribed physical exercise programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Aasa
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gavle, Sweden.
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Aasa U, Kalezic N, Lyskov E, Angquist KA, Barnekow-Bergkvist M. Stress monitoring of ambulance personnel during work and leisure time. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2006; 80:51-9. [PMID: 16680487 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-006-0103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2005] [Accepted: 03/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess physiological and subjective stress markers during a 24-h ambulance work shift and during the next two work-free days, and relate these parameters to self-reported health complaints. METHODS Twenty-six ambulance personnel were followed during a 24-h work shift and during the next two work-free days with electrocardiogram, cortisol assessments and diary notes. The ambulance personnel also performed tests of autonomic reactivity before and at the end of the work shift. The subjects were categorized into two groups according to their number of health complaints. RESULTS In general, stress markers did not show differences between the work shift and leisure time. However, a modest deviation in heart rate variability pattern and higher morning cortisol values during work in comparison with work-free days were observed in personnel with many health complaints. CONCLUSIONS Subjective and physiological characteristics of ambulance personnel did not indicate distinctive stress during the 24-h work shift. Relationships between frequent health complaints and specific work-related factors require further prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Aasa
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, PO Box 7629, 907 12 , Umea, Sweden.
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Aasa U, Barnekow-Bergkvist M, Angquist KA, Brulin C. Relationships between Work‐related Factors and Disorders in the Neck‐shoulder and Low‐back Region among Female and Male Ambulance Personnel. J Occup Health 2005; 47:481-9. [PMID: 16369110 DOI: 10.1539/joh.47.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study on a random sample of 1,500 ambulance personnel investigated the relationships between self-reported work-related physical and psychosocial factors, worry about work conditions, and musculoskeletal disorders among female and male ambulance personnel. Three different outcomes, complaints, activity limitation, and sick leave, for the neck-shoulder and low-back region, respectively, were chosen. Among the female personnel, physical demands was significantly associated with activity limitation in the neck-shoulder (OR 4.13) and low-back region (OR 2.17), and psychological demands with neck-shoulder (OR 2.37) and low-back (OR 2.28) complaints. Among the male personnel, physical demands was significantly associated with low-back complaints (OR 1.41) and activity limitation (OR 1.62). Psychological demands and lack of social support were significantly associated with neck-shoulder complaints (OR 1.86 and OR 1.58, respectively) and activity limitation (OR 3.46 and OR 1.71) as well as activity limitation due to low-back complaints (OR 2.22 and OR 1.63). Worry about work conditions was independently associated with activity limitation due to low-back complaints among the female (OR 5.28), and to both neck-shoulder and low-back complaints (OR 1.79 and OR 2.04, respectively) and activity limitation (OR 2.32 and OR 1.95) among the male personnel. In conclusion, the association patterns between physical and psychological demands and MSDs suggest opportunities for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Aasa
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Sweden.
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Aasa U, Brulin C, Angquist KA, Barnekow-Bergkvist M. Work-related psychosocial factors, worry about work conditions and health complaints among female and male ambulance personnel. Scand J Caring Sci 2005; 19:251-8. [PMID: 16101853 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-6712.2005.00333.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the relationships between work-related psychosocial factors, worry about work conditions and health complaints (sleeping problems, headache and stomach symptoms) among female and male ambulance personnel. Out of 4000 ambulance personnel in Sweden, 1500 (300 female and 1200 male personnel) were randomly selected. They answered a questionnaire including items on self-reported health complaints, individual characteristics, work-related psychological demands, decision latitude, social support and worry about work conditions. Twenty-five per cent of the female and 20% of the male ambulance personnel reported two or more health complaints sometimes or often. According to the demand-control-support questionnaire, ambulance personnel reported a generally positive psychosocial work environment, although psychological demands were associated with sleeping problems, headache and stomach symptoms among both female and male ambulance personnel. Another factor that was significantly associated with health complaints among both genders was worry about work conditions. When worry about work conditions was added to the regression models, this variable took over the role from psychological demands as a predictor for health complaints among the female ambulance personnel. The prevalence of sleeping problems, headache and stomach symptoms were significantly associated with psychological demands among both female and male ambulance personnel. Notably, worry about work conditions seems to be an important risk factor for health complaints. This suggests that worry about work conditions should not be neglected when considering risk factors among ambulance personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Aasa
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Umeå, Sweden.
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Barnekow-Bergkvist M, Aasa U, Angquist KA, Johansson H. Prediction of development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task from physical performance tests. Ergonomics 2004; 47:1238-1250. [PMID: 15370859 DOI: 10.1080/00140130410001714751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were (1) to identify which physical performance tests could best explain the development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task, (2) to investigate the effect of height and weight and (3) to investigate in what respects these findings differ between female and male ambulance personnel. Forty-eight male and 17 female ambulance personnel completed a test battery assessing cardio-respiratory capacity, muscular strength and endurance, and co-ordination. The subjects also completed a simulated ambulance work task -- carrying a loaded stretcher. The work task was evaluated by development of fatigue. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were used to investigate to what extent the tests in the test battery were able to explain the variance of developed fatigue. The explained variance was higher for female than for male ambulance personnel (time > 70% of HRpeak: R2 = 0.75 vs 0.10, accumulated lactate: R2 = 0.62 vs 0.42, perceived exertion: R2 = 0.75 vs 0.10). Significant predictors in the models were VO2max, isometric back endurance, one-leg rising, isokinetic knee flexion and shoulder extension strength. Height, but not weight, could further explain the variance. The high physical strain during carrying the loaded stretcher implies the importance of investigating whether improved performance, matching the occupational demands, could decrease the development of fatigue during strenuous tasks.
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that the body size plays an important role in assessment of muscle ability to exert force by standard functional performance tests. Twenty-one male students were tested on maximal isometric lift, one leg rising, vertical jump, and box lift tests, and the maximal isokinetic strength of hip and knee extensors was also recorded. When indices of the 4 functional performance tests were related to the strength of each of the 2 leg extensor muscle groups, only maximal isometric lift demonstrated positive correlation with knee extensors strength. When muscle strength was corrected for body mass, however, the aforementioned relationship became insignificant, but the 1 leg rising performance demonstrated a positive relationship with knee extensor strength. In addition, maximal isometric lift and 1 leg rising test performance provided positive and negative correlation, respectively, with body mass. The obtained findings were in line with the effects of scale applied on the tested performance. We generally conclude that the assessment of muscle capability to exert force based on some standard functional performance tests could be confounded by the body size effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Aasa
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, National Institute for Working Life, Umeä, Sweden
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