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Wille S, Katarzyna K, Ahrens U, Eminaga O, Engelmann U, Jenny P. Is there an urban-rural-gradient in patients with urinary incontinence? Can Urol Assoc J 2014; 8:E126-31. [PMID: 24678350 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to determine whether the responses to the same questionnaire differ between women living in a large city and women living in a rural area. METHODS We evaluated the medical records of 88 patients living in the large city of Cologne and of 86 patients living in Brühl and its surrounding rural regions. The responses on the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) of 88 patients who suffer from urinary incontinence and live in a large city were compared to the responses 86 patients who live the rural region of Brühl. In addition, ages, frequency of micturition, use of pads, prior and desired treatment were compared. Limitations of this study include its retrospective study design and the absence of sociodemographic data. Furthermore, the use of a pad test could objectify the extent of incontinence. RESULTS On average, patients from Cologne used of 6.2 pads and patients from Brühl used 3 pads. Patients from the large city scored 14 out of 21 points on the ICIQ-SF, and women from Brühl scored 11 out of 21 points. This difference was significant. Patients from Cologne had received medicinal treatment or physical therapy significantly more often. CONCLUSION The results suggest that urinary incontinence is perceived as a greater impairment by patients residing in (large) cities compared to patients residing in rural areas. An urban-rural gradient in patients with urinary incontinence can be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wille
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße. Cologne, Germany
| | - Kawa Katarzyna
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße. Cologne, Germany
| | - Ulrike Ahrens
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße. Cologne, Germany
| | - Okyaz Eminaga
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße. Cologne, Germany
| | - Udo Engelmann
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße. Cologne, Germany
| | - Paas Jenny
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße. Cologne, Germany
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Wille S, Ahrens U, Hamacher J. [Surgery of incontinence]. Aktuelle Urol 2012. [PMID: 23208735 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1233521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Wille
- Medizinische Einrichtungen der Universität, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Köln
| | - U. Ahrens
- Medizinische Einrichtungen der Universität, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Köln
| | - J. Hamacher
- Medizinische Einrichtungen der Universität, Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Köln
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Al-Mahmid M, Ahrens U, Zimmer S, Winand S, Özgür E, Engelmann UH, Wille S. Two thermoformable spiral metallic ureteral stents in a patient with ileal conduit and distal stenosis of the ureters. Urol Int 2012; 90:136-8. [PMID: 23154754 DOI: 10.1159/000343727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The insertion of two thermoformable ureteral titanium spiral stents (Memokath® 051) through ileal conduit due to bilateral ureteral stenosis distally has not been described in the English literature so far. We present the case of a young female patient with a history of ileal conduit urinary diversion due to congenital urinary bladder exstrophy, who had multiple previous surgeries and the insertion of two Memokath® ureteral stents in both ureters due to distal ureteral stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Al-Mahmid
- Department of Urology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Pinior B, Platz U, Ahrens U, Petersen B, Conraths F, Selhorst T. The German milky way: trade structure of the milk industry and possible consequences of a food crisis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3920/jcns2012.x001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze the structure of the trade network between milk producers, dairies and milk collection companies in Germany through a network analysis using suitable centrality measures. The study shows that structures exist among the relevant enterprises which are critical for the spread of a contamination in the German milk trade network. The results may be used to improve food security
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Pinior
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Seestr. 55, 16868 Wusterhausen, Germany;
- Institute for Animal Science, Preventive Health Management Group, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 7-9, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - U. Platz
- Federal Office for Agriculture and Food, Deichmanns Aue 29, 53179 Bonn, Germany
| | - U. Ahrens
- Federal Office for Agriculture and Food, Deichmanns Aue 29, 53179 Bonn, Germany
| | - B. Petersen
- Institute for Animal Science, Preventive Health Management Group, University of Bonn, Katzenburgweg 7-9, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - F. Conraths
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Seestr. 55, 16868 Wusterhausen, Germany;
| | - T. Selhorst
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Seestr. 55, 16868 Wusterhausen, Germany;
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Eifinger F, Ahrens U, Wille S, Roth B, Engelmann U. Neonatal testicular infarction--possibly due to compression of the umbilical cord? Urology 2009; 75:1482-4. [PMID: 19854480 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2009.07.1270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2009] [Revised: 07/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/31/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal testicular infarction is a rare occurrence. We report on a newborn infant with bilateral testicular infarction. At birth, the uncut umbilical cord ran taut between the thighs making a complete loop around the genitals, compressing the testes. At the age of 6 hours, because of increasing agitation and the beginnings of scrotal discoloration, the infant was operated on, showing a bilateral testicular infarction potentially induced by strangulation of the twisted umbilical cord. Here, we discuss the clinical findings of neonatal testicular infarction and give advice as to the management of this serious complication with regard to the available published data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Eifinger
- Department of Neonatology, University Childrens' Hospital, and Department of Urology, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse, Cologne, Germany.
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Abstract
The efficacy of the classical swine fever (CSF) subunit marker vaccine Porcilis Pesti based on baculovirus expressed envelope glycoprotein E2 of CSF virus (CSFV) was evaluated in pregnant sows. Ten gilts were vaccinated with one dose of marker vaccine, followed by a second dose 4 weeks later. Four gilts remained unvaccinated and received a placebo at the same times. Thirty-three days after the second vaccination all animals were artificially inseminated. Neither local or systemic reactions nor an increase of body temperature were observed after vaccinations. All gilts showed a normal course of pregnancy. Thirty-five days after first vaccination all animals developed E2 specific neutralising antibodies with titres in the range of 5.0 and 7.5 log(2). No antibodies to CSFV-E(rns) were found in ELISA. On day 65 of gestation (126 days after the first immunisation) all sows were infected intranasally using 2ml (10(6.6) TCID(50)/ml) of the low virulent CSFV strain "Glentorf". After challenge in two of the unvaccinated control sows a slight transient increase of body temperature was observed, whereas leukopenia was demonstrated in all control animals. In addition all controls became viraemic. Vaccinations with the CSFV subunit vaccine protected the animals from clinical symptoms of CSF. In two sows a moderate decrease of leukocyte counts was detected on day 5 post infection. In contrast to the unvaccinated control sows in none of the vaccinated animals virus was isolated from the nasal swabs or the blood. Approximately 40 days after challenge all sows were killed and necropsy was done. The sows and their offspring were examined for the presence of CSFV in blood, bone marrow and different organs. No virus was found in any of the sows. In contrast, in all litters of the control sows CSFV was found in the blood as well as in the organ samples. Nine out of 10 litters of the vaccinated sows were protected from CSFV infection. Blood samples, lymphatic organs and bone marrow of these animals were all virologically negative. When sera were tested for CSFV-antibodies all sows had developed E(rns)-specific antibodies but no CSFV-specific antibodies were found in any of the progeny. It was concluded that vaccination with CSF subunit marker vaccine Porcilis((R)) Pesti protected 90% of the litters from viral infection when sows were challenged mid-gestation using the CSFV-strain "Glentorf".
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Affiliation(s)
- U Ahrens
- Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institutes, Institute of Infectology, Boddenblick 5a, D-17498, Insel Riems, Germany
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Smart CD, Schneider B, Blomquist CL, Guerra LJ, Harrison NA, Ahrens U, Lorenz KH, Seemüller E, Kirkpatrick BC. Phytoplasma-specific PCR primers based on sequences of the 16S-23S rRNA spacer region. Appl Environ Microbiol 1996; 62:2988-93. [PMID: 8702291 PMCID: PMC168085 DOI: 10.1128/aem.62.8.2988-2993.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to develop a diagnostic tool to identify phytoplasmas and classify them according to their phylogenetic group, we took advantage of the sequence diversity of the 16S-23S intergenic spacer regions (SRs) of phytoplasmas. Ten PCR primers were developed from the SR sequences and were shown to amplify in a group-specific fashion. For some groups of phytoplasmas, such as elm yellows, ash yellows, and pear decline, the SR primer was paired with a specific primer from within the 16S rRNA gene. Each of these primer pairs was specific for a specific phytoplasma group, and they did not produce PCR products of the correct size from any other phytoplasma group. One primer was designed to anneal within the conserved tRNA(Ile) and, when paired with a universal primer, amplified all phytoplasmas tested. None of the primers produced PCR amplification products of the correct size from healthy plant DNA. These primers can serve as effective tools for identifying particular phytoplasmas in field samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D Smart
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis 95616, USA
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Seemüller E, Schneider B, Mäurer R, Ahrens U, Daire X, Kison H, Lorenz KH, Firrao G, Avinent L, Sears BB. Phylogenetic classification of phytopathogenic mollicutes by sequence analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1994; 44:440-6. [PMID: 7520735 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-44-3-440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The phylogenetic relationships of 17 phytopathogenic mycoplasmalike organisms (MLOs) representing seven major taxonomic groups established on the basis of MLO 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) restriction patterns were examined by performing a sequence analysis of the 16S rDNA gene. The sequence data showed that the MLOs which we examined are members of a relatively homogeneous group that evolved monophyletically from a common ancestor. In agreement with results obtained previously with other MLOs, our results also revealed that the organisms are more closely related to Acholeplasma laidlawii and other members of the anaeroplasma clade than to any other mollicutes. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rDNAs showed that the MLOs which we examined can be divided into the following five primary clusters: (i) the aster yellows strain cluster; (ii) the apple proliferation strain cluster; (iii) the western-X disease strain cluster; (iv) the sugarcane white leaf strain cluster; and (v) the elm yellows strain cluster. The aster yellows, western-X disease, and elm yellows strain clusters were divided into two subgroups each. MLOs whose 16S rDNA sequences have been determined previously by other workers can be placed in one of the five groups. In addition to the overall division based on 16S rDNA sequence homology data, the primary clusters and subgroups could be further defined by a number of positions in the 16S rDNAs that exhibited characteristic compositions, especially in the variable regions of the gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Seemüller
- Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Institut für Pflanzenschutz im Obstbau, Dossenheim, Germany
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Schneider B, Ahrens U, Kirkpatrick BC, SeemuLler E. Classification of plant-pathogenic mycoplasma-like organisms using restriction-site analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1099/00221287-139-3-519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ahrens U, Kranz C. [Analysis of forces acting on idealized models of hip joint prostheses]. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 1984; 29:318-25. [PMID: 6518237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Ahrens U, Kranz C. Analyse der Kräfteeinleitung an idealisierten Modellen von Hüftgelenkendoprothesen - Analysis of the Stress Distribution in an Idealized Model of an Artificial Hip. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 1984. [DOI: 10.1515/bmte.1984.29.12.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kranz C, Ecke H, Ahrens U, Padberg W. [Effect of shaft shape on the stress distribution of hip endoprostheses in the femoral cortical layer. A technical and clinical study]. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 1983; 28:309-15. [PMID: 6661487 DOI: 10.1515/bmte.1983.28.12.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Ahrens U, Falius H, Mootz D, Steffen M, Wunderlich H. Darstellung von [(C2H5)2NH2]3[PS3F]F und [(C2H5)2NH2]3[PS2SeF]F und Kristallstruktur der selenhaltigen Phase. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19794540117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ahrens U, Nagel V, Schmitt H. [Transfusion of blood and blood constituents]. Mitt Dtsch Pharm Ges Pharm Ges DDR 1967; 37:57-76. [PMID: 5632831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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