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Corli O, Floriani I, Roberto A, Montanari M, Galli F, Greco MT, Caraceni A, Kaasa S, Dragani TA, Azzarello G, Luzzani M, Cavanna L, Bandieri E, Gamucci T, Lipari G, Di Gregorio R, Valenti D, Reale C, Pavesi L, Iorno V, Crispino C, Pacchioni M, Apolone G. Are strong opioids equally effective and safe in the treatment of chronic cancer pain? A multicenter randomized phase IV 'real life' trial on the variability of response to opioids. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:1107-1115. [PMID: 26940689 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guidelines tend to consider morphine and morphine-like opioids comparable and interchangeable in the treatment of chronic cancer pain, but individual responses can vary. This study compared the analgesic efficacy, changes of therapy and safety profile over time of four strong opioids given for cancer pain. PATIENT AND METHODS In this four-arm multicenter, randomized, comparative, of superiority, phase IV trial, oncological patients with moderate to severe pain requiring WHO step III opioids were randomly assigned to receive oral morphine or oxycodone or transdermal fentanyl or buprenorphine for 28 days. At each visit, pain intensity, modifications of therapy and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were recorded. The primary efficacy end point was the proportion of nonresponders, meaning patients with worse or unchanged average pain intensity (API) between the first and last visit, measured on a 0-10 numerical rating scale. (NCT01809106). RESULTS Forty-four centers participated in the trial and recruited 520 patients. Worst pain intensity and API decreased over 4 weeks with no significant differences between drugs. Nonresponders ranged from 11.5% (morphine) to 14.4% (buprenorphine). Appreciable changes were made in the treatment schedules over time. Each group required increases in the daily dose, from 32.7% (morphine) to 121.2% (transdermal fentanyl). Patients requiring adjuvant analgesics ranged from 68.9% (morphine) to 81.6% (oxycodone), switches varied from 22.1% (morphine) to 12% (oxycodone), discontinuation of treatment from 27% ( morphine) to 14.5% (fentanyl). ADRs were similar except for effects on the nervous system, which significantly prevailed with morphine. CONCLUSION The main findings were the similarity in pain control, response rates and main adverse reactions among opioids. Changes in therapy schedules were notable over time. A considerable proportion of patients were nonresponders or poor responders. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01809106 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01809106?term=cerp&rank=2).
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Affiliation(s)
- O Corli
- Department of Oncology, Unità di Ricerca nel Dolore e Cure Palliative.
| | - I Floriani
- Department of Oncology, Laboratorio di Ricerca Clinica, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan
| | - A Roberto
- Department of Oncology, Unità di Ricerca nel Dolore e Cure Palliative
| | - M Montanari
- Department of Oncology, Unità di Ricerca nel Dolore e Cure Palliative
| | - F Galli
- Department of Oncology, Laboratorio di Ricerca Clinica, IRCCS-Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan
| | - M T Greco
- Department of Oncology, Unità di Ricerca nel Dolore e Cure Palliative; Department of Statistics, Università di Milano, Milan
| | - A Caraceni
- Palliative Care Complex Structure, Terapia del dolore e Riabilitazione, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - S Kaasa
- Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
| | - T A Dragani
- S.S.D. Epidemiology, Genetics and Pharmacogenomics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan
| | - G Azzarello
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Ospedale di U.O.C. di Oncologia Mirano-ASL 13 Regione Veneto, Mirano
| | - M Luzzani
- Department of Orthogeriatrics, S.S.D. Cure Palliative, riabilitazione e stabilizzazione E.O. Ospedali Galliera, Genova
| | - L Cavanna
- Oncology Unit, Ospedale di Piacenza, Piacenza
| | - E Bandieri
- Unit of Supportive and Simultaneous Care, Medical Oncology Division USL, Modena
| | - T Gamucci
- UOC Medical Oncology, Ospedale SS Trinità, Sora
| | - G Lipari
- Palliative Care, P.O. di Salemi-ASP 9, Trapani
| | - R Di Gregorio
- U.O.S Obstetric Anasthesia and Pain Therapy, Opedale Sacro Cuore di Gesù - Fatebenefratelli, Benevento
| | - D Valenti
- Palliative Care Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Valtellina e Valchiavenna, Morbegno
| | - C Reale
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anaesthetics and Geriatrics, Policlinico Universitario Umberto I, Rome
| | - L Pavesi
- Unit of Oncology, RCCS-Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, Pavia
| | - V Iorno
- Centre for Pain Medicine M. TIENGO, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan
| | - C Crispino
- UOSD Treatment of Lung Cancer Complications, AO Dei Colli Monaldi Cotugno CTO Ospedale Monaldi, Napoli
| | - M Pacchioni
- Department of Oncology, Ospedale San Raffaele IRCCS, Milan
| | - G Apolone
- Scientific Direction, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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Iorno V, Burani R, Bianchini B, Minelli E, Martinelli F, Ciatto S. Acupuncture treatment of dysmenorrhea resistant to conventional medical treatment. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2012; 5:227-30. [PMID: 18604253 PMCID: PMC2396472 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nem020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2006] [Accepted: 01/16/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of acupuncture on NSAID resistant dysmenorrhea related pain [measured according to Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)] in 15 consecutive patients. Pain was measured at baseline (T1), mid treatment (T2), end of treatment (T3) and 3 (T4) and 6 months (T5) after the end of treatment. Substantial reduction of pain and NSAID assumption was observed in 13 of 15 patients (87%). Pain intensity was significantly reduced with respect to baseline (average VAS = 8.5), by 64, 72, 60 or 53% at T2, T3, T4 or T5. Greater reduction of pain was observed for primary as compared with secondary dysmenorrhea. Average pain duration at baseline (2.6 days) was significantly reduced by 62, 69, 54 or 54% at T2, T3, T4 or T5. Average NSAID use was significantly reduced by 63, 74, 58 or 58% at T2, T3, T4 or T5, respectively, and ceased totally in 7 patients, still asymptomatic 6 months after treatment. Our findings suggest that acupuncture may be indicated to treat dysmenorrhea related pain, in particular in those subjects in whom NSAID or oral contraceptives are contraindicated or refused.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Iorno
- Centro di Medicina del Dolore 'Mario Tiengo' Osp Maggiore Policlinico Mangiagalli Regina Elena, Milano, Dipartimento di Prevenzione ASL Provincia Milano 1, Centro collaborante OMS per la Medicina Tradizionale - Università degli Studi Milano and Centro per lo Studio e la Prevenzione Oncologica, Firenze, Italia
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Garassino MC, Bianchi A, Febbraro A, Spagnoletti I, Iorno V, Bramati A, Carbone C, Isa L, Breda E, Magarotto R, Torri V, Farina G. Final results of a randomized phase II trial (NCT00637975) evaluating activity and toxicity of fixed-dose oxycodone and increasing dose of pregabalin versus increasing dose of oxycodone and fixed-dose pregabalin for the treatment of oncologic neuropathic pain (NEUROPAIN-01). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.9028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Tessaro L, Bandieri E, Costa G, Fornasier G, Iorno V, Pizza C, Pastacaldi G, Micheletto G. Use of oxycodone controlled-release immediately after NSAIDs: a new approach to obtain good pain control. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2010; 14:113-121. [PMID: 20329570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Opioids are recommended as appropriate therapy for the treatment of cancer pain and chronic non-malignant pain. Oxycodone is an alternative agent to its parent compound, morphine, and is available in a controlled-release (CR) formulation that allows convenient twice-daily dosing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of oxycodone CR as first-line therapy in patients with chronic cancer or non-cancer pain that was not relieved by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). METHODS This was a prospective, open-label, multicentre trial carried out in 8 pain and oncology centres in Italy. Patients (n = 309) with NSAID-refractory chronic cancer (55.7%), noncancer (39.4%) or mixed (4.9%) pain (rating of 4-10 on a numerical rating scale [NRS] from 0-10) were enrolled. Patients were treated with oral oxycodone CR twice daily for at least 28 days. Dosage was individualized for each patient and up-titrated over the first week of treatment. The primary endpoint was reduction in NRS score for pain. Secondary endpoints were tolerability, quality of life and patient assessment of treatment efficacy. RESULTS A significant decrease (57%) in pain intensity was recorded during the first week of therapy (decrease in NRS score from 7.85 +/- 1.4 to 3.35 +/- 1.8; p < 0.00001). Overall, there was a 72.3% reduction in NRS pain score from baseline at the end of the study. Quality of life significantly (p < 0.005) improved during oxycodone therapy, and 91% of patients rated treatment as "effective" or "very effective". Five patients stopped oxycodone CR treatment because of adverse events, and one stopped treatment because of dysphagia. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate the efficacy and tolerability of oxycodone CR in patients with moderate-to-severe pain of a variety of aetiologies and confirm the feasibility and effectiveness of moving directly from step I to step III on the WHO analgesic treatment ladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tessaro
- Pain and Palliative Care, Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria (ULSS) 8, Asolo, Italy.
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Moschini V, Losappio S, Dabrowska D, Iorno V. Tracheal rupture after tracheal intubation: effectiveness of conservative treatment. Minerva Anestesiol 2006; 72:1007-12. [PMID: 17235268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A tracheal rupture is a rare complication of tracheal intubation. Risk factors include advanced age, COBP and corticosteroid therapy. The direct causes of the rupture are difficult tracheal intubation, particularly with a stylet inside the tube and overdistension of the cuff of the tracheal tube. The case of a 73-year-old woman with a tracheal rupture after an uncomplicated operation of a vaginal hysterectomy and bilateral adenexectomy is reported. The procedure of orotracheal intubation presented no difficulties. However, after 5 h the patient was presenting unexpected symptoms such as dyspnea and subcutaneous emphysema. After an inconclusive chest X-ray and chest TC, the diagnosis was made by emergency fiberendoscopy. We adopted a conservative treatment, consisting of a tracheal intubation and chest drain, which resulted in a full recovery after 5 days of mechanical ventilation. The causes that could have provoked a tracheal laceration in our patient and the suggested therapies with preference for conservative treatment, are discussed. We recommend a tracheal tube cuff monitoring during surgery, to prevent fatal overinflation of the cuff, which is permeable to nitrous oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Moschini
- Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico Mangiagalli, Regina Elena, Milan, Italy.
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Severgnini A, Iorno V, Moschini V, Bisicchia MC, Vailati D. The role of the pain therapist in the approach to chronic headache. Neurol Sci 2003; 24 Suppl 2:S115-7. [PMID: 12811607 DOI: 10.1007/s100720300056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic daily headache (CDH) represents, for the anesthesiologists, a big match in the management of a pain which is simultaneously central and periferic, of a pain wich is psychical and disabiliting. This is a pain conducting the patient to overuse analgesic medicaments even making worse "allodynia" and the organic integrity. That's why a multidisciplinary approach to this kind of chronic benign pathology permits to improve prognosis and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Severgnini
- Pain Therapy Unit, Anesthesia and Reanimation Service, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, 7 Via C. Salutati, I-20146 Milan, Italy
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Moschini V, Dabrowska D, Iorno V. [Cataract surgery: regional anesthesia or monitored anesthesia care?]. Minerva Anestesiol 2001; 67:785-9. [PMID: 11753222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retrospective study in patients undergoing cataract surgery by facoemulsification in order to evaluate the incidence of regional peribulbar anaesthesia compared with MAC (Monitored Anesthesia Care). METHODS Between January 1999 and December 2000, 1902 patients were studied. Peribulbar anaesthesia was performed by using a double or single inferior-lateral injection with a mixture of Lidocaine 2% and Bupivacaine 0.5% or, as a single agent, of Ropivacaine 0.75%. Jaluronydase 10 UI/ml was added to either agents. RESULTS Only in 8% of patients intravenous drugs were added during surgery to correct bradycardia in 3%, hypertension 3% and for sedation in 2%. CONCLUSIONS Regional anesthesia represents the most suitable anesthesia technique in patients undergoing cataract surgery by facoemulsification. Only in 8% of patients MAC was suitable, due to excessive anxiety or cardiovascular imbalance. Compared to other anesthesia techniques, regional anaesthesia is significantly safer. The utility of preoperative tests in reducing the morbidity associated with surgery, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Moschini
- Servizio di Anestesia e Rianimazione, Azienda Ospedaliera, Istituti Clinici di Perfezionamento, Milan, Italy
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