1
|
Rossoni I, Chollier M, Dudushi R, Ghigo J, Padovese V. A scoping review of sexual and reproductive health recommendations in the context of migration to Europe. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:2450-2461. [PMID: 37591613 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, growing instability and conflict around the world have continued to fuel outward migration, including migration to the EU/EEA. Many migrants hail from countries and regions with a higher burden of STIs-including HIV-and are exposed to enhanced risks of sexual and gender-based violence leading to sexual health issues during their journeys. This scoping review aims to identify existing sexual health recommendations for non-European migrants in the EU/EEA and identify gaps in their implementation. Sexual health recommendations formulated in relation to the migrant population in peer- reviewed journals or by expert consensus, between 2010 and 2021, were included. A keyword search was used to retrieve relevant publications on PubMed, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library databases, WHO and ECDC websites. The search strategy employed was charted in a dedicated Prisma Chart. Overall, 180 publications were retrieved. Based on the abstract and after eliminating duplicates, 33 publications were included for full-text reading. The references of these publications were screened. In total, 19 publications met the inclusion criteria. Evidence-based sexual health recommendations target only newly arrived migrants and migrant children (at arrival and during stay in the country). Screening practices are mostly informed by the country of origin and related prevalence, which remains a limitation; challenges faced during migration should also be considered. Implementation and compliance with these recommendations remain uncertain, as sexual health is not funded and addressed in a uniform manner across Europe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Rossoni
- Van Vollenhoven Institute for Law, Governance and Society, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M Chollier
- CRIR-AVS PACA, APHM, Marseille, France
- UNESCO Chair for Sexual Health and Human Rights, Paris, France
| | - R Dudushi
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania
| | - J Ghigo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - V Padovese
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
- International Foundation for Dermatology, Migrant Health Dermatology Working Group, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Henning MAS, Hay R, Rodriguez-Cerdeira C, Szepietowski JC, Piraccini BM, Ferreirós MP, Arabatzis M, Sergeev A, Nenoff P, Kotrekhova L, Nowicki RJ, Faergemann J, Padovese V, Prohic A, Skerlev M, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Sigurgeirsson B, Gaitanis G, Lecerf P, Saunte DML. Position statement: Recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of Malassezia folliculitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023. [PMID: 36912427 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Malassezia is a lipophilic yeast that is a part of the human mycobiome. Malassezia folliculitis appears when the benign colonization of the hair follicles, by the Malassezia yeasts, becomes symptomatic with pruritic papules and pustules. Although Malassezia folliculitis is common in hospital departments, diagnosing and treating it varies among dermatologists and countries. The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Mycology Task Force Malassezia folliculitis working group has, therefore, sought to develop these recommendations for the diagnosis and management of Malassezia folliculitis. Recommendations comprise methods for diagnosing Malassezia folliculitis, required positive findings before starting therapies and specific treatment algorithms for individuals who are immunocompetent, immunocompromised or who have compromised liver function. In conclusion, this study provides a clinical strategy for diagnosing and managing Malassezia folliculitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A S Henning
- Department of Dermatology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - R Hay
- King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - J C Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - B M Piraccini
- Dermatology, IRCCS Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M P Ferreirós
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - M Arabatzis
- Dermatology Department, Medical School, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Sergeev
- All-Russian National Academy of Mycology, Moscow, Russia
| | - P Nenoff
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Mölbis, Germany
| | - L Kotrekhova
- Department of Dermatovenereology, North Western State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - R J Nowicki
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - J Faergemann
- Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V Padovese
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Genitourinary Clinic, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.,International Foundation for Dermatology, Migrants Health Dermatology Working Group, London, UK
| | - A Prohic
- Department of Dermatovenereology, University Sarajevo School of Science and Technology, Sarajevo Medical School, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - M Skerlev
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Zagreb University School of Medicine and Zagreb University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - P Schmid-Grendelmeier
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich and Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Sigurgeirsson
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - G Gaitanis
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - P Lecerf
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Brugmann & Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - D M L Saunte
- Department of Dermatology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rossoni I, Gauci D, Farrugia AG, Padovese V. Gender, migration and violence among third country nationals accessing the sexual health clinic in Malta. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:1623-1631. [PMID: 35569013 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2020 the number of displaced people worldwide reached 41.3 million (IOM, 2020). Among them, are many migrants and refugees at risk of sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV). Healthcare providers have a key role to play in identifying migrant victims/survivors of violence. OBJECTIVES This paper seeks to assess STIs prevalence, sexual health and sexual violence among third country nationals (TCNs) attending the GUC in Malta. METHODS This is a mixed methods study carried out at the Genitourinary Clinic (GUC), which is the only public sexual health clinic in Malta. Demographic data, sexual history and diagnoses of patients attending the GUC between January 2018 and December 2019 were collected and retrospectively analysed. A SGBV risk assessment was performed through a semi-structured questionnaire. RESULTS In the 24-month study period, a total of 12,654 patients accessed the GUC in Malta. Demographic data was collected on age, gender, nationality, marital status, and sexual orientation. 16.4% (n=2,064) of these were extra-European migrants, predominantly male. 80 different nationalities were recorded, with the 5 most common being Nigerian, Filipino, Libyan, Syrian and Brazilian. The average age was 32.6 years. Over 110 sex workers were visited at the GUC in the study period - 20 were foreign, primarily from China. The presence of a "massage parlour owner" during consultation, lack of control over passports and other factors were identified as warning signs of trafficking. 5 cases of sexual violence and forced prostitution involving girls from Sub-Saharan Africa and, in 2 cases, boys recently arrived in Malta by boat, were encountered. 6 African women accessing the service exhibited a type of female genital mutilation (FGM). CONCLUSIONS Migration, sexual health and SGBV overlap in important ways. Further research and training in SGBV and migration in the healthcare setting and awareness-raising about existing services among the migrant population are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Rossoni
- Van Vollenhoven Institute for Law, Governance and Society, Leiden University, the Netherlands.,Department of Criminology, University of Malta, Malta
| | - D Gauci
- Department of Health Systems Management & Leadership, University of Malta, Malta
| | - A Gauci Farrugia
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Triq Id-Donaturi Tad-Demm Msida MSD2090, Malta
| | - V Padovese
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Triq Id-Donaturi Tad-Demm Msida MSD2090, Malta.,International Foundation for Dermatology, Migrant Health Dermatology Working Group
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Freeman E, Lester J, Padovese V, Singal A, Yotsu R, Bravo F, Mosam A. Introducing the Global Health and Equity section in the British Journal of Dermatology. Br J Dermatol 2022; 186:201-202. [PMID: 35103993 PMCID: PMC8820382 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.20898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The Section Editor and Associate Editors for the new British Journal of Dermatology Section on Global Health & Equity outline their vision for the Section and suggest topics for submission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E.E. Freeman
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Medical Practice Evaluation Center, Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J. Lester
- Department of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - V. Padovese
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta,International Foundation for Dermatology, Migrants Health Dermatology Working Group, London, UK
| | - A. Singal
- Department of Dermatology & STD, University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R. Yotsu
- Department of Dermatology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan,Department of Tropical Medicine, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - F.G. Bravo
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - A. Mosam
- Department of Dermatology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa,Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, Cato Manor, Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Muscat K, Cremona C, Melillo Fenech T, Abela M, Padovese V. Sexually transmitted infections epidemiology and risk assessment at the main correctional facility in Malta (2017-2019). J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:113-118. [PMID: 34549833 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inmates suffer from mental and physical ailments combined with substance misuse and addiction which are often underreported or disregarded by sufferers, for fear of being stigmatized. This vulnerable group has complex medical and psychosocial needs and hence gathering data is essential for a holistic approach to care. OBJECTIVES Understanding the interplay between sexually transmitted (STIs) and blood borne infections, substance misuse and mental health is essential to enable targeted interventions and outreach programmes. The aim was to analyse the occurrence of STIs, hepatitis and tuberculosis in inmates at the main custodial facility in Malta; to assess risk behaviours and vulnerabilities through an outreach programme; to offer treatment and referral and to develop recommendations for screening of prison inmates. METHODS A mixed methodology study was used which involved analysis of health data pooled from the Genitourinary Clinic (GUC) and Corradino Correctional Facility (CCF) in Malta. RESULTS In the study period, 206 inmates were tested for STIs, 67.9% males, aged between 14 and 72. Only 27% were not sexually active in the 6 months prior to testing. Among those sexually active, 31% had had sex with casual partners and 43% had never used condoms for sexual intercourse. Seventy-five percent admitted to drug use. The most common STI diagnosed was HPV (16.5%), followed by syphilis (5.8%). Genital dermatoses were also frequent (9.2%). The prevalence of Hepatitis C was high (24.5%), in relation to intravenous drug use. CONCLUSION The authors advocate for more collaboration between sexual health clinics and prisons to address educational interventions and STIs' testing. Cultural and linguistic barriers should be considered when devising national health strategies and screening recommendations in custodial settings. Adequate follow-up should extend into the community setting once inmates leave the prison to ensure a continuum of care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Muscat
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - C Cremona
- Corradino Correctional Facility, Paola, Malta
| | - T Melillo Fenech
- Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit, Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Directorate, Msida, Malta
| | - M Abela
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - V Padovese
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.,International Foundation for Dermatology, Migrants Health Dermatology Working Group, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
de Vries HJC, Nori AV, Kiellberg Larsen H, Kreuter A, Padovese V, Pallawela S, Vall-Mayans M, Ross J. 2021 European Guideline on the management of proctitis, proctocolitis and enteritis caused by sexually transmissible pathogens. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:1434-1443. [PMID: 34057249 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This guideline intents to offer guidance on the diagnosis and management of patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and a suspected sexually transmitted cause. Proctitis is defined as an inflammatory syndrome of the anal canal and/or the rectum. Infectious proctitis can be sexually transmitted via genital-anal mucosal contact, but some also via digital contact and toys. Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis (including lymphogranuloma venereum), Treponema pallidum and herpes simplex virus are the most common sexually transmitted anorectal pathogens. Shigellosis can be transferred via oral-anal contact and may lead to proctocolitis or enteritis. Although most studies on these infections have concentrated on men who have sex with men (MSM), women having anal intercourse may also be at risk. A presumptive clinical diagnosis of proctitis can be made when there are symptoms and signs, and a definitive diagnosis when the results of laboratory tests are available. The symptoms of proctitis include anorectal itching, pain, tenesmus, bleeding, constipation and discharge in and around the anal canal. The majority of rectal chlamydia and gonococcal infections are asymptomatic and can only be detected by laboratory tests. Therefore, especially when there is a history of receptive anal contact, exclusion of anorectal infections is generally indicated as part of standard screening for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Condom use does not guarantee protection from STIs, which are often spread without penile penetration. New in this updated guideline is: (i) lymphogranuloma venereum proctitis is increasingly found in HIV-negative MSM, (ii) anorectal Mycoplasma genitalium infection should be considered in patients with symptomatic proctitis after exclusion of other common causations such N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, syphilis and herpes, (iii) intestinal spirochetosis incidentally found in colonic biopsies should not be confused with syphilis, and (iv) traumatic causes of proctitis should be considered in sexually active patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H J C de Vries
- STI Outpatient Clinic, Cluster Infectious Diseases, Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A V Nori
- Department of Sexual & Reproductive Health and HIV Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - H Kiellberg Larsen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Kreuter
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, HELIOS St. Elisabeth Hospital Oberhausen, University Witten-Herdecke, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - V Padovese
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - S Pallawela
- The Florey Unit, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK
| | - M Vall-Mayans
- Infectious Diseases Department, Fight AIDS Foundation, Hospital Germans Trias Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - J Ross
- Department of Sexual Health and HIV, Birmingham University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Saunte D, Pereiro‐Ferreirós M, Rodríguez‐Cerdeira C, Sergeev A, Arabatzis M, Prohić A, Piraccini B, Lecerf P, Nenoff P, Kotrekhova L, Bosshard P, Padovese V, Szepietowski J, Sigurgeirsson B, Nowicki R, Schmid‐Grendelmeier P, Hay R. Emerging antifungal treatment failure of dermatophytosis in Europe: take care or it may become endemic. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:1582-1586. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.M.L. Saunte
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Department of Dermatology Zealand University Hospital Roskilde Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. Pereiro‐Ferreirós
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Dermatología Faculty of Medicine University of Santiago de Compostela A Coruña Spain
| | - C. Rodríguez‐Cerdeira
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Department of Dermatology Meixoeiro Hospital and University of Vigo Vigo Spain
| | - A.Y. Sergeev
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Department of Clinical Immunology Sechenov University Moscow Russia
| | - M. Arabatzis
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Department of Dermatology Medical School Aristotle University Thessaloniki Greece
| | - A. Prohić
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Department of Dermatovenereology University Sarajevo School of Science and TechnologySarajevo Medical School Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - B.M. Piraccini
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Dermatology ‐IRCCS Policlinico di Sant’Orsola Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES) Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - P. Lecerf
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Brugmann & Saint‐PierreUniversité Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium
| | - P. Nenoff
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Laboratory for Medical Microbiology Mölbis Germany
| | - L.P. Kotrekhova
- Department of Dermatovenereology North Western State Medical University Saint Petersburg Russia
| | - P.P. Bosshard
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich and Medical Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - V. Padovese
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Genitourinary ClinicMater Dei Hospital Msida Malta
| | - J.C. Szepietowski
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Wroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland
| | - B. Sigurgeirsson
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland Reykjavik Iceland
| | - R.J. Nowicki
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Allergology Medical University of Gdansk Gdansk Poland
| | - P. Schmid‐Grendelmeier
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- Allergy Unit Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich and Medical Faculty University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - R.J. Hay
- European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology TASK force on Mycology
- St John’s Institute of DermatologyKings College London London UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Padovese V, Farrugia A, Almabrok Ali Ghath S, Rossoni I. Sexually transmitted infections' epidemiology and knowledge, attitude and practice survey in a set of migrants attending the sexual health clinic in Malta. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:509-516. [PMID: 32967045 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The number of international migrants is estimated at 272 million people worldwide. In Europe, migrants face the disproportionate burden of infectious diseases, including hepatitis B and C, HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). High-risk behaviours, sexual abuse, poor living conditions and barriers to accessing health care may affect migrants' sexual health, leading to infections. OBJECTIVES The study evaluates STIs and HIV prevalence and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in non-European migrants attending the sexual health clinic in Malta. It also seeks to explore situations of human trafficking (HT), sex/gender-based violence (S/GBV) and female genital mutilations (FGM). METHODS This is a mixed-method study, based on quantitative and qualitative research within a single centre. An anonymous pretested questionnaire was administered to non-European migrants attending the genitourinary clinic (GUC) with the assistance of an ethnocultural agent. Demographics, STI diagnoses and risk behaviours were collected from the GUC database, linked to the questionnaires and analysed. RESULTS A total of 143 migrants took part in the study, 73% were young male and 16.7% men who have sex with men (MSM). Forty-one different nationalities were recorded, and the top ones were Nigerian (12%), Filipino (7.4%) and Chinese (5.4%). Concerning risk behaviours, 33.8% of respondents had never used a condom and 76.5% had had sex with multiple partners in the 6 months prior to the study. STI prevalence was 73.1%. Of the patients interviewed, six females were Chinese sex workers employed in massage parlours, potentially trafficked to Malta. CONCLUSIONS The study outcomes support the need of improving awareness about STIs/HIV risk and testing. In migrants at particular risk for HIV, combination prevention strategies should include access to pre-exposure prophylaxis and antiretrovirals independently from migrants' legal status. Finally, STIs/HIV prevention in migrants should be linked with interventions tackling HT and other forms of S/GBV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Padovese
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta.,International Foundation for Dermatology, Migrant Health Dermatology Working Group, London, UK
| | - A Farrugia
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - S Almabrok Ali Ghath
- Genitourinary Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - I Rossoni
- Department of Criminology, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.,Italian Centre for the Promotion of Mediation (CIPM), Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khan SS, Padovese V, Maurer TA, Barua DP, Chowdhury MIH, Islam MA, Mowla MR, Griffiths CEM. A skin disease and needs assessment analysis of the displaced Rohingya population in the Kutupalong refugee camp, Bangladesh. Clin Exp Dermatol 2020; 45:1051-1054. [PMID: 32460353 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The physical, psychological and financial burden of skin disease in low- to middle-income countries, where access to skincare is limited, is poorly understood. A group that we know very little about in this regard are refugees. There are limited data on the range of skin diseases and skincare needs of this group. To better understand the skincare needs of the displaced Rohingya population residing in the Kutupalong refugee camp, Bangladesh, we collected data on demographics, living conditions and range of dermatoses. In the 380 patients assessed, fungal skin infections, predominantly dermatophytes, were by far the most common skin disease seen (n = 215), followed by dermatitis (n = 81). Skin disease can be the presenting feature in many systemic conditions and may cause significant secondary complications itself. Developing a better understanding of the skincare needs of the refugee population is essential for future healthcare planning for this vulnerable group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S S Khan
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - V Padovese
- The Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| | - T A Maurer
- Department of Dermatology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.,Institute for Global Health, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - D P Barua
- The Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M I H Chowdhury
- The Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M A Islam
- The Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M R Mowla
- The Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - C E M Griffiths
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saikal SL, Ge L, Mir A, Pace J, Abdulla H, Leong KF, Benelkahla M, Olabi B, Medialdea-Carrera R, Padovese V. Skin disease profile of Syrian refugees in Jordan: a field-mission assessment. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:419-425. [PMID: 31498503 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the Syrian war in 2011, the world has faced the most severe refugee crisis in history and 5.6 million Syrians have sought asylum in neighbouring countries or in Europe. According to recent estimates, more than 650 000 Syrian refugees are displaced in Jordan. OBJECTIVES This article aims to assess the demographic characteristics and skin disease profile of Syrian displaced people residing in Al Za'atari camp and in communities in Jordan. Furthermore, the authors discuss the barriers to healthcare provision experienced during field missions. METHODS This is a retrospective analysis of medical records collected during three medical missions in Jordan by an international dermatological team. Data on patient age, gender, country of origin and skin disease diagnoses were recorded both in Al Za'atari camp and Jordanian towns near the Syrian border. RESULTS A total of 1197 patients were assessed during the field missions, with 67.7% female and 37.1% under the age of 14 years. Dermatitis was the leading dermatological condition in both refugee camp and community healthcare clinics. Infectious diseases were the second most common; however, fungal presentations were more common in the community as opposed to viral in Al Za'atari. CONCLUSIONS High dermatitis presentations were likely secondary to the environment, living conditions and lack of access to emollients. Infectious diseases were postulated secondary to poor hygiene and sharing of overcrowded spaces. Barriers to health care included limited pharmacological formulary, difficulty in continuity of care and case referrals due to lack of specialized services. Better access to health care, improvement of living conditions and hygiene, and increased availability of medications including emollients and sunscreens are all interventions that should be carried out to reduce skin disease burden. Our findings should further urge the international community to uphold their commitments and uptake engagement in improving health care for Syrian displaced people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S L Saikal
- Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - L Ge
- Department of Dermatology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Mir
- Department of Dermatology, New York Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Pace
- St James Capua Hospital, Sliema, Malta
| | - H Abdulla
- New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Centre, New York, NY, USA
| | - K F Leong
- Department of Dermatology, Kuala Lumpur General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M Benelkahla
- Department of Dermatology, Farhat Hached Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia.,Faculty of Medicine, Ibn Aljazar, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - B Olabi
- Department of Dermatology, Lauriston Building, Edinburgh, UK
| | - R Medialdea-Carrera
- Infectious Disease Control Unit, Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Directorate, Msida, Malta.,European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training (EPIET), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - V Padovese
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Genitourinary Clinic, Mater Dei Hospital, Msida, Malta
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Padovese V, Egidi AM, Melillo Fenech T, Podda Connor M, Didero D, Costanzo G, Mirisola C. Migration and determinants of health: clinical epidemiological characteristics of migrants in Malta (2010-11). J Public Health (Oxf) 2013; 36:368-74. [DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdt111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
|
12
|
Padovese V, Egidi AM, Melillo TF, Farrugia B, Carabot P, Didero D, Costanzo G, Mirisola C. Prevalence of latent tuberculosis, syphilis, hepatitis B and C among asylum seekers in Malta. J Public Health (Oxf) 2013; 36:22-7. [PMID: 23559596 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdt036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last few years, Malta has witnessed increasing immigration flows from the Libyan coasts. Public health policies are focused on screening migrants for tuberculosis, whereas no systematic actions against STIs are implemented. The aim of this study is to define the epidemiological profile of asylum seekers in Malta as regards syphilis, hepatitis B, C and latent tuberculosis, thus supporting screening policies. METHODS Five hundred migrants living in open centres were screened between December 2010 and June 2011. RESULTS 83.2% of people was from Somalia, 81.2% males, average age 26.5 years. The tuberculin skin test (TST) was positive in 225 migrants (45%). Latent syphilis was diagnosed in 11 migrants, hepatitis C in 3 and 31 migrants were HBsAg positive. CONCLUSION Systematic screening for asymptomatic migrants in Malta is not recommended for hepatitis C and syphilis, given the low prevalence observed. On the contrary, it should be considered for hepatitis B. TST could be indicated as the first step of a two step screening for migrants from countries with high TB incidence. Efficacy and cost-effectiveness could be achieved by further targeting screening to specific subgroups at higher risk of reactivation, such as people living with HIV and subjects affected by chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Padovese
- National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (NIHMP), Via di San Gallicano 25/A, Rome 00153, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Padovese V, De Martino R, Eshan MA, Racalbuto V, Oryakhail MA. Epidemiology and outcome of burns in Esteqlal Hospital of Kabul, Afghanistan. Burns 2010; 36:1101-6. [PMID: 20395051 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Revised: 11/13/2009] [Accepted: 01/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burns are a major public health issue in Afghanistan, at least in terms of morbidity and long term disability. Little data exists to document the extent of the problem. This study reports the epidemiology and outcome of burns seen in Esteqlal Hospital of Kabul, a regional referral and teaching hospital run jointly by the Afghan Ministry of Public Health and the Italian Cooperation. It furthermore aims to investigate the underlying conditions which lead to this dramatically widespread event in order to develop effective burn prevention programmes. METHODS A total of 532 patients admitted for burns between March 1, 2007 and June 30, 2008 in Esteqlal Hospital were studied retrospectively through the review of medical records. RESULTS Male to female ratio was 0.7:1 and the median age at presentation was 19 years. The mean total body surface area (TBSA) burned was 36.5%. Overall mortality rate was 28% with a prevalence of death among females (68%). The most common cause of burn was flame (46.2%), followed by gas cylinder explosion (36.4%). Self-immolation was reported in 21 patients, 76% of whom resulted in death. CONCLUSION A large number of burn injuries occur in domestic settings and are preventable. Strategies might include implementation of educational programs through mass communications and development of policies for the commerce of unadulterated petroleum products. Other goals such as disability prevention and mortality reduction might be achieved building burns centres and training healthcare professionals working at the peripheral level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Padovese
- Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|