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Kousal B, Honzík T, Hansíková H, Ondrušková N, Čechová A, Tesařová M, Stránecký V, Meliška M, Michaelides M, Lišková P. Review of SRD5A3 Disease-Causing Sequence Variants and Ocular Findings in Steroid 5α-Reductase Type 3 Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation, and a Detailed New Case. Folia Biol (Praha) 2019; 65:134-141. [PMID: 31638560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Steroid 5α-reductase type 3 congenital disorder of glycosylation (SRD5A3-CDG) is a severe metabolic disease manifesting as muscle hypotonia, developmental delay, cerebellar ataxia and ocular symptoms; typically, nystagmus and optic disc pallor. Recently, early onset retinal dystrophy has been reported as an additional feature. In this study, we summarize ocular phenotypes and SRD5A3 variants reported to be associated with SRD5A3-CDG. We also describe in detail the ophthalmic findings in a 12-year-old Czech child harbouring a novel homozygous variant, c.436G>A, p.(Glu146Lys) in SRD5A3. The patient was reviewed for congenital nystagmus and bilateral optic neuropathy diagnosed at 13 months of age. Examination by spectral domain optical coherence tomography and fundus autofluorescence imaging showed clear signs of retinal dystrophy not recognized until our investigation. Best corrected visual acuity was decreased to 0.15 and 0.16 in the right and left eye, respectively, with a myopic refractive error of -3.0 dioptre sphere (DS) / -2.5 dioptre cylinder (DC) in the right and -3.0 DS / -3.0 DC in the left eye. The proband also had optic head nerve drusen, which have not been previously observed in this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kousal
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Honzík
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Hansíková
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - N Ondrušková
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Čechová
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tesařová
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Stránecký
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Meliška
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Michaelides
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Lišková
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Kmoch S, Majewski J, Ramamurthy V, Cao S, Fahiminiya S, Ren H, MacDonald IM, Lopez I, Sun V, Keser V, Khan A, Stránecký V, Hartmannová H, Přistoupilová A, Hodaňová K, Piherová L, Kuchař L, Baxová A, Chen R, Barsottini OGP, Pyle A, Griffin H, Splitt M, Sallum J, Tolmie JL, Sampson JR, Chinnery P, Banin E, Sharon D, Dutta S, Grebler R, Helfrich-Foerster C, Pedroso JL, Kretzschmar D, Cayouette M, Koenekoop RK. Mutations in PNPLA6 are linked to photoreceptor degeneration and various forms of childhood blindness. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5614. [PMID: 25574898 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Blindness due to retinal degeneration affects millions of people worldwide, but many disease-causing mutations remain unknown. PNPLA6 encodes the patatin-like phospholipase domain containing protein 6, also known as neuropathy target esterase (NTE), which is the target of toxic organophosphates that induce human paralysis due to severe axonopathy of large neurons. Mutations in PNPLA6 also cause human spastic paraplegia characterized by motor neuron degeneration. Here we identify PNPLA6 mutations in childhood blindness in seven families with retinal degeneration, including Leber congenital amaurosis and Oliver McFarlane syndrome. PNPLA6 localizes mostly at the inner segment plasma membrane in photoreceptors and mutations in Drosophila PNPLA6 lead to photoreceptor cell death. We also report that lysophosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidic acid levels are elevated in mutant Drosophila. These findings show a role for PNPLA6 in photoreceptor survival and identify phospholipid metabolism as a potential therapeutic target for some forms of blindness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kmoch
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - J Majewski
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G1
| | - V Ramamurthy
- Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110, Ave des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7
| | - S Cao
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - S Fahiminiya
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G1
| | - H Ren
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - I M MacDonald
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Alberta/Royal Alexandra Hospital, 10240 Kingsway Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada AB T5H 3V9
| | - I Lopez
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - V Sun
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - V Keser
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - A Khan
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
| | - V Stránecký
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - H Hartmannová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - A Přistoupilová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - K Hodaňová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - L Piherová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - L Kuchař
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - A Baxová
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, Charles University in Prague, 120 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - R Chen
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - O G P Barsottini
- Division of General Neurology and Ataxia Unit, Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - A Pyle
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - H Griffin
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - M Splitt
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - J Sallum
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - J L Tolmie
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - J R Sampson
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - P Chinnery
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | | | - E Banin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - D Sharon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - S Dutta
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - R Grebler
- Lehrstuhl fuer Neurobiology und Genetik, Universitaet Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - C Helfrich-Foerster
- Lehrstuhl fuer Neurobiology und Genetik, Universitaet Wuerzburg, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - J L Pedroso
- Division of General Neurology and Ataxia Unit, Department of Neurology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sao Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - D Kretzschmar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA
| | - M Cayouette
- 1] Cellular Neurobiology Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), 110, Ave des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2W 1R7 [2] Departement de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3T 1P1 [3] Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B2
| | - R K Koenekoop
- 1] McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0G4 [2] McGill Ocular Genetics Laboratory; Departments of Paediatric Surgery, Human Genetics and Ophthalmology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 2300 Tupper, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3
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Kolářová H, Tesařová M, Švecová Š, Stránecký V, Přistoupilová A, Zima T, Uhrová J, Volgina SY, Zeman J, Honzík T. Lipoprotein lipase deficiency: clinical, biochemical and molecular characteristics in three patients with novel mutations in the LPL gene. Folia Biol (Praha) 2014; 60:235-243. [PMID: 25863041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency, caused by mutations in the LPL gene, is a rare autosomal recessive disorder manifesting in early childhood with recurrent abdominal pain, hepatosplenomegaly, acute pancreatitis, lipaemia retinalis and eruptive xanthomas. Typical laboratory findings are lactescent serum, extreme hypertriglyceridaemia and hypercholesterolaemia. The diagnostics is based on postheparin serum LPL assay and DNA analyses of the LPL gene. We report clinical, biochemical and molecular data of three children with LPL deficiency. One child manifested since the first week of life with recurrent abdominal pain (Patient 1), the second with abdominal distension and hepatosplenomegaly since the second month of life (Patient 3) and patient 2, asymptomatic younger brother of patient 1, was diagnosed in the first week of life. Lipaemia retinalis and splenomegaly were present in two symptomatic children, hepatomegaly in patient 3 and acute pancreatitis in patient 1. All children had lactescent serum, profound hypertriglyceridaemia (124 ± 25 mmol/l; controls < 2.2), hypercholesterolaemia (22.8 ± 7.3 mmol/l, controls < 4.2) and their LPL immunoreactive mass in serum did not increase after heparin injection. Molecular analyses revealed that both siblings are homozygous for novel mutation c.476C > G in the LPL gene changing the conserved amino acid of the catalytic centre. The third patient is a compound heterozygote for mutations c.604G>A and c.698A>G in the LPL gene, both affecting highly conserved amino acids. We conclude that LPL deficiency must be considered in neonates and young infants with abdominal pain and hypertriglyceridaemia because early treatment might prevent development of life-threatening acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kolářová
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Tesařová
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Š Švecová
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - V Stránecký
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Přistoupilová
- Institute of Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Zima
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Uhrová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - S Y Volgina
- Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - J Zeman
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Honzík
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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