1
|
Pavone P, Russello G, Salati G, Corsini R, Salsi P, Vizzini L, Lombardini C, Spaggiari L, Besutti G, Menozzi V, Spadoni A, Facciolongo N, Piro R, Carretto E, Massari M. Active screening of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis with serum beta-glucan and endotracheal aspirates galactomannan and fungal culture. Mycoses 2023; 66:219-225. [PMID: 36380646 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since February 2021 active screening of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) has been implemented in our institution. OBJECTIVES To evaluate CAPA incidence in our centre and evaluate performance of our screening protocol. METHODS We screened once per week, collecting endotracheal aspirates for fungal culture and galactomannan (GM) and serum for 1,3-ß-D-glucan (BG). In case of positivity (GM more than 4.5, platelia assay, and/or BG >7 pg/ml, wako and/or positive fungal culture), second-level investigations were performed to pursue CAPA diagnosis according to ECMM/ISHAM criteria: bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fungal culture and GM, chest computed tomography (CT), serum GM. RESULTS A total of 102 patients were screened (median age 64 years, range 39-79; 28 (27.4%) females). Twenty-two patients were diagnosed with CAPA (21%). 12 patients were positive for serum BG, 17 patients were positive for endotracheal aspirates GM and 27 patients were positive for endotracheal aspirates fungal culture. Thirty-two BALs were performed, and 26 patients underwent CT chest. Following the second level investigations 61% of the patients with positive screening tests were diagnosed with CAPA. Serum BG above 20 pg/ml or positive serum GM were always associated with typical CT chest signs of aspergillosis. Compared with 1 single positive test, having 2 positive screening test was significantly more associated with CAPA diagnosis (p = .0004). CONCLUSIONS Active CAPA screening with serum 1,3-ß-D-glucan and endotracheal aspirates galactomannan and fungal cultures and consequent second level investigations led to high number of CAPA diagnosis. Combining more positive fungal biomarkers was more predictive of CAPA diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Pavone
- Infectious Disease, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Russello
- Microbiology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Salati
- Intensive Care, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Romina Corsini
- Infectious Disease, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Salsi
- Intensive Care, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Loredana Vizzini
- Microbiology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Cristina Lombardini
- Intensive Care, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Lucia Spaggiari
- Radiology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giulia Besutti
- Radiology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Menozzi
- Infectious Disease, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Anna Spadoni
- Infectious Disease, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Nicola Facciolongo
- Pulmonology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Roberto Piro
- Pulmonology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Edoardo Carretto
- Microbiology, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Marco Massari
- Infectious Disease, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale - IRCCS Tecnologie Avanzate e Modelli Assistenziali in Oncologia di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Milic J, Menozzi V, Schepis F, Malagoli A, Besutti G, Franconi I, Raimondi A, Carli F, Mussini C, Sebastiani G, Guaraldi G. Liver steatosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with fibrosis are predictors of frailty in people living with HIV. AIDS 2020; 34:1915-1921. [PMID: 33009010 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the contribution of liver steatosis and significant fibrosis alone and in association [nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with fibrosis] to frailty as a measure of biological age in people living with HIV (PLWH). DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study of consecutive patients attending Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic in 2018-2019. METHODS Patients with hazardous alcohol intake and viral hepatitis coinfection were excluded. Liver steatosis was diagnosed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), while liver fibrosis was diagnosed by liver stiffness measurement (LSM). NAFLD was defined as presence of liver steatosis (CAP ≥248 dB/m), while significant liver fibrosis or cirrhosis (stage ≥F2) as LSM at least 7.1 kPa. Frailty was assessed using a 36-Item frailty index. Logistic regression was used to explore predictors of frailty using steatosis and fibrosis as covariates. RESULTS We analysed 707 PLWH (mean age 53.5 years, 76.2% men, median CD4 cell count 700 cells/μl, 98.7% with undetectable HIV RNA). NAFLD with fibrosis was present in 10.2%; 18.9 and 3.9% of patients were classified as frail and most-frail, respectively. Univariate analysis demonstrated that neurocognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 5.1, 1.6-15], vitamin D insufficiency (OR = 1.94, 1.2-3.2), obesity (OR = 8.1, 4.4-14.6), diabetes (OR = 3.2, 1.9-5.6), metabolic syndrome (OR = 2.41, 1.47-3.95) and osteoporosis (OR = 0.37, 0.16-0.76) were significantly associated with NAFLD with fibrosis. Predictors of frailty index included steatosis (OR = 2.1, 1.3-3.5), fibrosis (OR = 2, 1-3.7), NAFLD with fibrosis (OR = 9.2, 5.2-16.8), diabetes (OR = 1.7, 1-2.7) and multimorbidity (OR = 2.5, 1.5-4). CONCLUSION Liver steatosis and NAFLD with fibrosis were associated with frailty. NAFLD with fibrosis exceeded multimorbidity in the prediction of frailty, suggesting the former as an indicator of metabolic age in PLWH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Milic
- Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
| | | | - Filippo Schepis
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Besutti
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
| | | | | | | | | | - Giada Sebastiani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ruscitti F, Ravanetti F, Bertani V, Ragionieri L, Mecozzi L, Sverzellati N, Silva M, Ruffini L, Menozzi V, Civelli M, Villetti G, Stellari FF. Quantification of Lung Fibrosis in IPF-Like Mouse Model and Pharmacological Response to Treatment by Micro-Computed Tomography. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1117. [PMID: 32792953 PMCID: PMC7385278 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive degenerative lung disease leading to respiratory failure and death. Although anti-fibrotic drugs are now available for treating IPF, their clinical efficacy is limited and lung transplantation remains the only modality to prolong survival of IPF patients. Despite its limitations, the bleomycin (BLM) animal model remains the best characterized experimental tool for studying disease pathogenesis and assessing efficacy of novel potential drugs. In the present study, the effects of oropharyngeal (OA) and intratracheal (IT) administration of BLM were compared in C57BL/6 mice. The development of lung fibrosis was followed in vivo for 28 days after BLM administration by micro-computed tomography and ex vivo by histological analyses (bronchoalveolar lavage, histology in the left lung to stage fibrosis severity and hydroxyproline determination in the right lung). In a separate study, the antifibrotic effect of Nintedanib was investigated after oral administration (60 mg/kg for two weeks) in the OA BLM model. Lung fibrosis severity and duration after BLM OA and IT administration was comparable. However, a more homogeneous distribution of fibrotic lesions among lung lobes was apparent after OA administration. Quantification of fibrosis by micro-CT based on % of poorly aerated tissue revealed that this readout correlated significantly with the standard histological methods in the OA model. These findings were further confirmed in a second study in the OA model, evaluating Nintedanib anti-fibrotic effects. Indeed, compared to the BLM group, Nintedanib inhibited significantly the increase in % of poorly aerated areas (26%) and reduced ex vivo histological lesions and hydroxyproline levels by 49 and 41%, respectively. This study indicated that micro-computed tomography is a valuable in vivo technology for lung fibrosis quantification, which will be very helpful in the future to better evaluate new anti-fibrotic drug candidates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valeria Bertani
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Luisa Ragionieri
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Laura Mecozzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Mario Silva
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Livia Ruffini
- Department Nuclear Medicine, Academic Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Civelli
- Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | - Gino Villetti
- Corporate Pre-Clinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.p.A., Parma, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Verna AE, Franceschi V, Tebaldi G, Macchi F, Menozzi V, Pastori C, Lopalco L, Ottonello S, Cavirani S, Donofrio G. Induction of Antihuman C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 5 Antibodies by a Bovine Herpesvirus Type-4 Based Vector. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1402. [PMID: 29118763 PMCID: PMC5660961 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) is a promising vector for the delivery and intracellular expression of recombinant antigens and can thus be considered as a new prototype vaccine formulation system. An interesting, and actively pursued, antigen in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection prophylaxis (and therapy) is the C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) co-receptor, whose blockage by specific antibodies has been shown to inhibit both viral entry and cell-to-cell transmission of the virus. Building on our previous work on the BoHV-4 vector system, we have engineered and tested a replication-competent derivative of BoHV-4 (BoHV-4-CMV-hCCR5ΔTK) bearing a human CCR5 (hCCR5) expression cassette. We show here that CCR5 is indeed expressed at high levels in multiple types of BoHV-4-CMV-hCCR5ΔTK-infected cells. More importantly, two intravenous inoculations of CCR5-expressing BoHV-4 virions into rabbits led to the production of anti-CCR5 antibodies capable of reacting with the CCR5 receptor exposed on the surface of HEK293T cells through specific recognition of the amino-terminal region (aa 14-34) of the protein. Given the growing interest for anti-CCR5 immunization as an HIV control strategy and the many advantages of virus-based immunogen formulations (especially for poorly immunogenic or self-antigens), the results reported in this study provide preliminary validation of BoHV-4 as a safe viral vector suitable for CCR5 vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giulia Tebaldi
- Department of Medical Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Macchi
- Department of Medical Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Menozzi
- Department of Medical Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Claudia Pastori
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Lopalco
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Ottonello
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Laboratory of Functional Genomics and Protein Engineering, Department of Life Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Sandro Cavirani
- Department of Medical Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gaetano Donofrio
- Department of Medical Veterinary Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Menozzi V, Greco S. [Anatomo-pathological findings in influenza]. Acta Gerontol (Milano) 1971; 21:187-98. [PMID: 5139898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
6
|
Del Fabbro V, Doglioni L, Menozzi V. [Further study of the problem of the association of silicosis and bronchopulmonary cancer]. Lotta Tuberc 1970; 40:241-80. [PMID: 5280598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
7
|
Greco S, Bisetti A, Menozzi V. [Pulmonary giant cell carcinoma]. Recenti Prog Med 1968; 44:410-34. [PMID: 5757275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
8
|
Menozzi V, Dusi U, Ferri GG. [Anatomohistologic aspects of the cardiac damage due to ionizing radiation]. Riv Anat Patol Oncol 1967; 31:90-7. [PMID: 5603687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
9
|
Menozzi V, Riva A, Angeli GD. [Histologic modifications of prescalene lymph nodes in silicosis]. Riv Anat Patol Oncol 1965; 27:308-11. [PMID: 5886062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
10
|
Menozzi V, Okolicsanyi L. [Esophagitis in the newborn and infants]. Riv Anat Patol Oncol 1964; 26:587-617. [PMID: 5866186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
11
|
Menozzi V, Greco S. [Considerations on several cases of giant cell carcinoma of the lung]. Riv Anat Patol Oncol 1964; 26:66-73. [PMID: 5866192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
12
|
Greco S, Dusi U, Menozzi V. [Morphologic and functional picture of the liver in recent pulmonary tuberculosis and its evolution after chemoantibiotic therapy]. Riv Anat Patol Oncol 1964; 25:Suppl:431-52. [PMID: 5827720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|