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Mancini C, Hoxha E, Iommarini L, Brussino A, Richter U, Montarolo F, Cagnoli C, Parolisi R, Gondor Morosini DI, Nicolò V, Maltecca F, Muratori L, Ronchi G, Geuna S, Arnaboldi F, Donetti E, Giorgio E, Cavalieri S, Di Gregorio E, Pozzi E, Ferrero M, Riberi E, Casari G, Altruda F, Turco E, Gasparre G, Battersby BJ, Porcelli AM, Ferrero E, Brusco A, Tempia F. Mice harbouring a SCA28 patient mutation in AFG3L2 develop late-onset ataxia associated with enhanced mitochondrial proteotoxicity. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 124:14-28. [PMID: 30389403 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia 28 is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by missense mutations affecting the proteolytic domain of AFG3L2, a major component of the mitochondrial m-AAA protease. However, little is known of the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms or how to treat patients with SCA28. Currently available Afg3l2 mutant mice harbour deletions that lead to severe, early-onset neurological phenotypes that do not faithfully reproduce the late-onset and slowly progressing SCA28 phenotype. Here we describe production and detailed analysis of a new knock-in murine model harbouring an Afg3l2 allele carrying the p.Met665Arg patient-derived mutation. Heterozygous mutant mice developed normally but adult mice showed signs of cerebellar ataxia detectable by beam test. Although cerebellar pathology was negative, electrophysiological analysis showed a trend towards increased spontaneous firing in Purkinje cells from heterozygous mutants with respect to wild-type controls. As homozygous mutants died perinatally with evidence of cardiac atrophy, for each genotype we generated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) to investigate mitochondrial function. MEFs from mutant mice showed altered mitochondrial bioenergetics, with decreased basal oxygen consumption rate, ATP synthesis and mitochondrial membrane potential. Mitochondrial network formation and morphology was altered, with greatly reduced expression of fusogenic Opa1 isoforms. Mitochondrial alterations were also detected in cerebella of 18-month-old heterozygous mutants and may be a hallmark of disease. Pharmacological inhibition of de novo mitochondrial protein translation with chloramphenicol caused reversal of mitochondrial morphology in homozygous mutant MEFs, supporting the relevance of mitochondrial proteotoxicity for SCA28 pathogenesis and therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Mancini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Eriola Hoxha
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Luisa Iommarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Uwe Richter
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Francesca Montarolo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Claudia Cagnoli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Parolisi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Diana Iulia Gondor Morosini
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Valentina Nicolò
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
| | - Francesca Maltecca
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luisa Muratori
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Ronchi
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy; Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Arnaboldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Donetti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Giorgio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Simona Cavalieri
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Di Gregorio
- Medical Genetics Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Torino, Italy
| | - Elisa Pozzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Ferrero
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Evelise Riberi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Casari
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Fiorella Altruda
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Emilia Turco
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gasparre
- Department Medical and Surgical Sciences, Medical Genetics, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Anna Maria Porcelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnologies (FABIT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Enza Ferrero
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alfredo Brusco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Medical Genetics Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Torino, Italy.
| | - Filippo Tempia
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy; Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), Orbassano, Italy
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Morano M, Ronchi G, Nicolò V, Fornasari BE, Crosio A, Perroteau I, Geuna S, Gambarotta G, Raimondo S. Modulation of the Neuregulin 1/ErbB system after skeletal muscle denervation and reinnervation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5047. [PMID: 29568012 PMCID: PMC5864756 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23454-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is a growth factor produced by both peripheral nerves and skeletal muscle. In muscle, it regulates neuromuscular junction gene expression, acetylcholine receptor number, muscle homeostasis and satellite cell survival. NRG1 signalling is mediated by the tyrosine kinase receptors ErbB3 and ErbB4 and their co-receptors ErbB1 and ErbB2. The NRG1/ErbB system is well studied in nerve tissue after injury, but little is known about this system in skeletal muscle after denervation/reinnervation processes. Here, we performed a detailed time-course expression analysis of several NRG1 isoforms and ErbB receptors in the rat superficial digitorum flexor muscle after three types of median nerve injuries of different severities. We found that ErbB receptor expression was correlated with the innervated state of the muscle, with upregulation of ErbB2 clearly associated with the denervation state. Interestingly, the NRG1 isoforms were differently regulated depending on the nerve injury type, leading to the hypothesis that both the NRG1α and NRG1β isoforms play a key role in the muscle reaction to injury. Indeed, in vitro experiments with C2C12 atrophic myotubes revealed that both NRG1α and NRG1β treatment influences the best-known atrophic pathways, suggesting that NRG1 might play an anti-atrophic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Morano
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giulia Ronchi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Valentina Nicolò
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Benedetta Elena Fornasari
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Crosio
- Microsurgery Unit, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, PO CTO, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Isabelle Perroteau
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Stefano Geuna
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Gambarotta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.
| | - Stefania Raimondo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi (NICO), University of Torino, 10043, Orbassano, Italy
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