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Toum L, Conti G, Guerriero FC, Conforte VP, Garolla FA, Asurmendi S, Vojnov AA, Gudesblat GE. Single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides induce plant defence in Arabidopsis thaliana. Ann Bot 2020; 126:413-422. [PMID: 32266377 PMCID: PMC7424753 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Single-stranded DNA oligodeoxynucleotides (ssODNs) have been shown to elicit immune responses in mammals. In plants, RNA and genomic DNA can activate immunity, although the exact mechanism through which they are sensed is not clear. The aim of this work was to study the possible effect of ssODNs on plant immunity. KEY RESULTS The ssODNs IMT504 and 2006 increased protection against the pathogens Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Botrytis cinerea but not against tobacco mosaic virus-Cg when infiltrated in Arabidopsis thaliana. In addition, ssODNs inhibited root growth and promoted stomatal closure in a concentration-dependent manner, with half-maximal effective concentrations between 0.79 and 2.06 µm. Promotion of stomatal closure by ssODNs was reduced by DNase I treatment. It was also diminished by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium and by coronatine, a bacterial toxin that inhibits NADPH oxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis in guard cells. In addition it was found that ssODN-mediated stomatal closure was impaired in bak1-5, bak1-5/bkk1, mpk3 and npr1-3 mutants. ssODNs also induced early expression of MPK3, WRKY33, PROPEP1 and FRK1 genes involved in plant defence, an effect that was reduced in bak1-5 and bak1-5/bkk1 mutants. CONCLUSIONS ssODNs are capable of inducing protection against pathogens through the activation of defence genes and promotion of stomatal closure through a mechanism similar to that of other elicitors of plant immunity, which involves the BAK1 co-receptor, and ROS synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Toum
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Conti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repeto, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Francesca Coppola Guerriero
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular ‘Profesor Héctor Maldonado’ – Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Translacional (IB3), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pres. Dr. Raúl Alfonsín S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pres. Dr. Raúl Alfonsín S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Argentina
| | - Valeria P Conforte
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo, Argentina
| | - Franco A Garolla
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pres. Dr. Raúl Alfonsín S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Asurmendi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), CICVyA – Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Los Reseros y Nicolas Repeto, Hurlingham, Argentina
| | - Adrián A Vojnov
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo, Argentina
| | - Gustavo E Gudesblat
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular ‘Profesor Héctor Maldonado’ – Instituto de Biociencias, Biotecnología y Biología Translacional (IB3), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pres. Dr. Raúl Alfonsín S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pres. Dr. Raúl Alfonsín S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada (IBBEA), CONICET, Argentina
- For correspondence. E-mail:
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Conforte VP, Malamud F, Yaryura PM, Toum Terrones L, Torres PS, De Pino V, Chazarreta CN, Gudesblat GE, Castagnaro AP, R. Marano M, Vojnov AA. The histone-like protein HupB influences biofilm formation and virulence in Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri through the regulation of flagellar biosynthesis. Mol Plant Pathol 2019; 20:589-598. [PMID: 30537413 PMCID: PMC6637892 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Citrus canker is an important disease of citrus, whose causal agent is the bacterium Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri (Xcc). In previous studies, we found a group of Xcc mutants, generated by the insertion of the Tn5 transposon, which showed impaired ability to attach to an abiotic substrate. One of these mutants carries the Tn5 insertion in hupB, a gene encoding a bacterial histone-like protein, homologue to the β-subunit of the Heat-Unstable (HU) nucleoid protein of Escherichia coli. These types of protein are necessary to maintain the bacterial nucleoid organization and the global regulation of gene expression. Here, we characterized the influence of the mutation in hupB regarding Xcc biofilm formation and virulence. The mutant strain hupB was incapable of swimming in soft agar, whereas its complemented strain partially recovered this phenotype. Electron microscope imaging revealed that impaired motility of hupB was a consequence of the absence of the flagellum. Comparison of the expression of flagellar genes between the wild-type strain and hupB showed that the mutant exhibited decreased expression of fliC (encoding flagellin). The hupB mutant also displayed reduced virulence compared with the wild-type strain when they were used to infect Citrus lemon plants using different infection methods. Our results therefore show that the histone-like protein HupB plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of Xcc through the regulation of biofilm formation and biosynthesis of the flagellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria P. Conforte
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICETSaladillo 2468Ciudad de Buenos AiresC1440FFXArgentina
| | - Florencia Malamud
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San MartínCampus Migueletes, 25 de Mayo y FranciaGeneral San MartínB1650HMN Provincia de Buenos AiresArgentina
| | - Pablo M. Yaryura
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María CONICETUniversidad de Villa MaríaCarlos Pellegrini 211Villa María, X5900FSECórdobaArgentina
| | - Laila Toum Terrones
- Departamento de FisiologíaBiología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos AiresIntendente Güiraldes 2160Buenos AiresC1428EGAArgentina
| | - Pablo S. Torres
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICETSaladillo 2468Ciudad de Buenos AiresC1440FFXArgentina
| | - Verónica De Pino
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICETSaladillo 2468Ciudad de Buenos AiresC1440FFXArgentina
| | - Cristian N. Chazarreta
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICETSaladillo 2468Ciudad de Buenos AiresC1440FFXArgentina
| | - Gustavo E. Gudesblat
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino (ITANOA), Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres (EEAOC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)Av. William Cross 3150Las TalitasC.P. T4101XACTucumánArgentina
| | - Atilio P. Castagnaro
- Departamento de FisiologíaBiología Molecular y Celular, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos AiresIntendente Güiraldes 2160Buenos AiresC1428EGAArgentina
| | - María R. Marano
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Bioquímicas y FarmacéuticasUniversidad Nacional de RosarioSuipacha 531RosarioS2002LRKSanta FéArgentina
| | - Adrian A. Vojnov
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICETSaladillo 2468Ciudad de Buenos AiresC1440FFXArgentina
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Conforte VP, Yaryura PM, Bianco MI, Rodríguez MC, Daglio Y, Prieto E, Schilardi P, Vojnov AA. Changes in the physico-chemical properties of the xanthan produced byXanthomonas citrisubsp.citriin grapefruit leaf extract. Glycobiology 2019; 29:269-278. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria P Conforte
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468 (C1440FFX), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo M Yaryura
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia (CIT Villa María), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)—Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María. Av. Arturo Jauretche 1555, (5900), Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María I Bianco
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468 (C1440FFX), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María C Rodríguez
- niversidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Ciudad Universitaria-Pabellón 2, C1428EGA. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yasmin Daglio
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)—Centro de Investigación en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Pabellón II, 3er P, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Prieto
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas INIFTA—CONICET), Diagonal 113 y 64 S/N La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Schilardi
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas INIFTA—CONICET), Diagonal 113 y 64 S/N La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián A Vojnov
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. César Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Saladillo 2468 (C1440FFX), Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Yaryura PM, Conforte VP, Malamud F, Roeschlin R, de Pino V, Castagnaro AP, McCarthy Y, Dow JM, Marano MR, Vojnov AA. XbmR, a new transcription factor involved in the regulation of chemotaxis, biofilm formation and virulence in Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. Environ Microbiol 2014; 17:4164-76. [PMID: 25346091 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is the causal agent of citrus canker. Biofilm formation on citrus leaves plays an important role in epiphytic survival of Xcc. Biofilm formation is affected by transposon insertion in XAC3733, which encodes a transcriptional activator of the NtrC family, not linked to a gene encoding a sensor protein, thus could be considered as an 'orphan' regulator whose function is poorly understood in Xanthomonas spp. Here we show that mutation of XAC3733 (named xbmR) resulted in impaired structural development of the Xcc biofilm, loss of chemotaxis and reduced virulence in grapefruit plants. All defective phenotypes were restored to wild-type levels by the introduction of PA2567 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which encodes a phosphodiesterase active in the degradation of cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP). A knockout of xbmR led to a substantial downregulation of fliA that encodes a σ(28) transcription factor, as well as fliC and XAC0350 which are potential member of the σ(28) regulon. XAC0350 encodes an HD-GYP domain c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase. These findings suggest that XbmR is a key regulator of flagellar-dependent motility and chemotaxis exerting its action through a regulatory pathway that involves FliA and c-di-GMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo M Yaryura
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICET, Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria P Conforte
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICET, Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Malamud
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICET, Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Roxana Roeschlin
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET). Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, S2000FHN, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Verónica de Pino
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICET, Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Atilio P Castagnaro
- Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres, Av. William Cross, 3150, Las Talitas, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Yvonne McCarthy
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - J Maxwell Dow
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - María R Marano
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario (IBR)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET). Área Virología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, S2000FHN, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Adrián A Vojnov
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr. Cesar Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICET, Saladillo 2468, C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Malamud F, Conforte VP, Rigano LA, Castagnaro AP, Marano MR, Morais do Amaral A, Vojnov AA. HrpM is involved in glucan biosynthesis, biofilm formation and pathogenicity in Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri. Mol Plant Pathol 2012; 13:1010-8. [PMID: 22738424 PMCID: PMC6638875 DOI: 10.1111/j.1364-3703.2012.00809.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri (Xcc) is the causal agent of citrus canker. This bacterium develops a characteristic biofilm on both biotic and abiotic surfaces. A biofilm-deficient mutant was identified in a screening of a transposon mutagenesis library of the Xcc 306 strain constructed using the commercial Tn5 transposon EZ-Tn5 <KAN-2> Tnp Transposome (Epicentre). Sequence analysis of a mutant obtained in the screening revealed that a single copy of the EZ-Tn5 was inserted at position 446 of hrpM, a gene encoding a putative enzyme involved in glucan synthesis. We demonstrate for the first time that the product encoded by the hrpM gene is involved in β-1,2-glucan synthesis in Xcc. A mutation in hrpM resulted in no disease symptoms after 4 weeks of inoculation in lemon and grapefruit plants. The mutant also showed reduced ability to swim in soft agar and decreased resistance to H(2)O(2) in comparison with the wild-type strain. All defective phenotypes were restored to wild-type levels by complementation with the plasmid pBBR1-MCS containing an intact copy of the hrpM gene and its promoter. These results indicate that the hrpM gene contributes to Xcc growth and adaptation in its host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florencia Malamud
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Dr Cesar Milstein, Fundación Pablo Cassará, CONICET, Saladillo 2468 C1440FFX, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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P. Conforte V, Echeverria M, Sánchez C, A. Ugalde R, B. Menéndez A, C. Lepek V. Engineered ACC deaminase-expressing free-living cells of Mesorhizobium loti show increased nodulation efficiency and competitiveness on Lotus spp. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2010; 56:331-8. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.56.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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