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Terra MCNS, Nunes MH, Souza CR, Ferreira GWD, Prado-Junior JAD, Rezende VL, Maciel R, Mantovani V, Rodrigues A, Morais VA, Scolforo JRS, Mello JMD. The inverted forest: Aboveground and notably large belowground carbon stocks and their drivers in Brazilian savannas. Sci Total Environ 2023; 867:161320. [PMID: 36603629 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Savannas contribute to ca. 30 % of the total terrestrial net primary productivity and are responsible for significant carbon storage. Savannas in South America are mostly found within the Cerrado Domain, which is very threatened and presents remarkable carbon pools. Herein, we used a unique dataset of 21 Cerrado sites spanning 144 permanent field plots in Southeastern Brazil to assess the general patterns of above and belowground carbon stocks. We identified the main environmental and tree diversity drivers of aboveground wood carbon and productivity, belowground carbon stocks (roots and soil), carbon ratios (root:shoot and above:below) and total carbon stocks in the Cerrado through a combination of climatic estimates, fire frequency data, field measurements of vegetation, roots, soil carbon, nutrients and texture, and assessment of different components of diversity (species, functional and phylogenetic). Our findings reveal average aboveground, root, and soil carbon stocks of 20.4, 14.24, and 123.13 Mg.ha-1, respectively. Average Root:Shoot and Above:Below confirm the "inverted forest" concept with values of 1.58 and 0.21, respectively. Total carbon was 145.62 Mg.ha-1, reinforcing the great amount of carbon storage in the Cerrado and its role in the carbon cycle and dynamics. Tree diversity variables (mainly species diversity and functional composition variables) had more significant effects over aboveground variables, whereas environmental variables had more significant effects over belowground variables. Ratios and total carbon mixed up these effects. The impressive values of carbon storage, especially belowground, point out the need to better manage and protect the Cerrado. Moreover, our findings might be particularly relevant for discussions on restoration programs focused on the trees-for‑carbon idea that do not consider species diversity and belowground carbon stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela C N S Terra
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, Campus Box 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Henrique Nunes
- Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Cleber R Souza
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, Campus Box 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriel W D Ferreira
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80525, USA
| | - Jamir A do Prado-Junior
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Uberlandia, 38400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa L Rezende
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aplicada, Departamento de Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG CEP 37200-900, Brazil
| | - Rafaella Maciel
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Brasilia, 70910900 Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Mantovani
- Water Resources Department, Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, Campus Box 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Rodrigues
- Water Resources Department, Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, Campus Box 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Augusto Morais
- Mato Grosso State University, Av. Perimetral Deputado Rogério Silva, C.P. 324, Alta Floresta, MT 78580-000, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Soares Scolforo
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, Campus Box 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - José Marcio de Mello
- Department of Forest Science, Federal University of Lavras, Campus Universitário, Campus Box 3037, 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Rezende VL, de Miranda PLS, Pontara V. Knowing the past to conserve the future: a commentary on 'Evolutionary history of marginal habitats regulates the diversity of tree communities in the Atlantic Forest'. Ann Bot 2023; 131:i-iii. [PMID: 36617280 PMCID: PMC9992929 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcac145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This article comments on:
Jhonny Capichoni Massante, and Markus Gastauer. Evolutionary history of marginal habitats regulates the diversity of tree communities in the Atlantic Forest, Annals of Botany, Volume 131, Issue 2, 1 February 2023, Pages 261–274, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac111
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa L Rezende
- Departamento de Biologia, Setor de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Pontara
- Laboratório de Macroecologia e Evolução, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Mundo Novo, Mundo Novo, Brazil
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Neves DM, Dexter KG, Pennington RT, Valente ASM, Bueno ML, Eisenlohr PV, Fontes MA, Miranda PLS, Moreira SN, Rezende VL, Saiter FZ, Oliveira-Filho AT. Dissecting a biodiversity hotspot: The importance of environmentally marginal habitats in the Atlantic Forest Domain of South America. DIVERS DISTRIB 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Danilo M. Neves
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; University of Arizona; Tucson AZ USA
| | - Kyle G. Dexter
- School of GeoSciences; The University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
| | | | | | - Marcelo L. Bueno
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Evolução de Plantas; Departamento de Biologia Vegetal; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Viçosa Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Pedro V. Eisenlohr
- Laboratório de Ecologia; Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso; Alta Floresta Brazil
| | - Marco A.L. Fontes
- Departamento de Ciências Florestais; Universidade Federal de Lavras; Lavras Brazil
| | | | - Suzana N. Moreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Vanessa L. Rezende
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Felipe Z. Saiter
- Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo; Santa Teresa Espírito Santo Brazil
| | - Ary T. Oliveira-Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
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