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El Hayek S, Foad W, de Filippis R, Ghosh A, Koukach N, Mahgoub Mohammed Khier A, Pant SB, Padilla V, Ramalho R, Tolba H, Shalbafan M. Stigma toward substance use disorders: a multinational perspective and call for action. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1295818. [PMID: 38362033 PMCID: PMC10867215 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1295818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samer El Hayek
- Medical Department, Erada Center for Treatment and Rehabilitation in Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael Foad
- Medical Department, Erada Center for Treatment and Rehabilitation in Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Renato de Filippis
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Abhishek Ghosh
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nadine Koukach
- Medical Department, Erada Center for Treatment and Rehabilitation in Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Sagun Ballav Pant
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Vanessa Padilla
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Rodrigo Ramalho
- Department of Social and Community Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hossameldin Tolba
- Medical Department, Erada Center for Treatment and Rehabilitation in Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammadreza Shalbafan
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute (PHRI), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Alhajji L, Martinez-Sosa N, Hadjikyriakou M, Potter JE, Padilla V. Letter to the editor: Organ trafficking: A primer for psychiatrists. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2022; 78:128-129. [PMID: 35534284 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lujain Alhajji
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, United States of America.
| | - Natalie Martinez-Sosa
- PGY-5 Forensic Psychiatry Fellow, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Maria Hadjikyriakou
- PGY-5 Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Fellow, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - JoNell Efantis Potter
- Director of the Division of Research and Special Projects, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, United States of America
| | - Vanessa Padilla
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, United States of America
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Padilla V, Healey J, Salinas J, Bryant C, Muñoz O, Durand D. Residents Impacted by Adverse Events: The Development of a Pilot Committee for Responding to and Supporting Psychiatry Residents. Acad Psychiatry 2021; 45:463-466. [PMID: 33174106 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-020-01348-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Padilla
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | - Dante Durand
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Karhu E, Atlas SE, Gao J, Mehdi SA, Musselman D, Goldberg S, Woolger JM, Corredor R, Abbas MH, Arosemena L, Caccamo S, Farooqi A, Konefal J, Lantigua L, Padilla V, Rasul A, Tiozzo E, Higuera OL, Fiallo A, Lewis JE. Intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate is not associated with cardiovascular, liver, kidney, and metabolic toxicity in adults. J Clin Transl Res 2018; 4:47-55. [PMID: 30873494 PMCID: PMC6410632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium (Mg) deficiency contributes to the pathophysiology of numerous diseases. The therapeutic use of Mg has steadily increased over time. The increased in-hospital use of intravenous (IV) magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) warrants more extensive investigation regarding the safety of the therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the safety of IV MgSO4 infusion on cardiovascular, liver, kidney, and metabolic markers in adults. METHODS Twelve volunteers were randomized to one of two cross-over conditions: (a) IV infusion of MgSO4 in 5% dextrose followed by IV infusion of 5% dextrose 1 week later or (b) IV infusion of 5% dextrose followed by IV infusion of MgSO4 in 5% dextrose 1 week later. An electrocardiogram was recorded continuously during the infusions. Blood was drawn pre- and post-infusion for blood count (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides). Results: Serum Mg increased from pre- to post-infusion in the MgSO4 + 5% dextrose group (p < 0.0001). The QRS interval length increased from pre- to post-infusion in the MgSO4 + 5% dextrose group (p < 0.04). Additionally, serum glucose concentration increased in the MgSO4 + 5% dextrose group (p = 0.04). These significant findings were modeled with gender and age as covariates. No other significant differences were found. CONCLUSIONS The administration of IV infusion of MgSO4 (4 g/100 mL) in 5% dextrose over a 4-hour treatment period poses no significant deleterious effects on cardiovascular, liver, kidney, or metabolic function. RELEVANCE FOR PATIENTS IV infusion of MgSO4 may be used for certain treatment indications without significant concern for systemic or organ toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Janet Konefal
- 5 Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Faranda D, Sato Y, Saint-Michel B, Wiertel C, Padilla V, Dubrulle B, Daviaud F. Stochastic Chaos in a Turbulent Swirling Flow. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:014502. [PMID: 28731756 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.014502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the experimental evidence of the existence of a random attractor in a fully developed turbulent swirling flow. By defining a global observable which tracks the asymmetry in the flux of angular momentum imparted to the flow, we can first reconstruct the associated turbulent attractor and then follow its route towards chaos. We further show that the experimental attractor can be modeled by stochastic Duffing equations, that match the quantitative properties of the experimental flow, namely, the number of quasistationary states and transition rates among them, the effective dimensions, and the continuity of the first Lyapunov exponents. Such properties can be recovered neither using deterministic models nor using stochastic differential equations based on effective potentials obtained by inverting the probability distributions of the experimental global observables. Our findings open the way to low-dimensional modeling of systems featuring a large number of degrees of freedom and multiple quasistationary states.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Faranda
- LSCE-IPSL, CEA Saclay l'Orme des Merisiers, CNRS UMR 8212 CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Sato
- Research Institute for Electronic Science/Department of Mathematics, Hokkaido University, N20 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0020, Japan
| | - B Saint-Michel
- Univ Lyon, Ens de Lyon, Univ Claude Bernard, CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - C Wiertel
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France
| | - V Padilla
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France
| | - B Dubrulle
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France
| | - F Daviaud
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif sur Yvette cedex, France
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Mehdi SMA, Atlas SE, Qadir S, Musselman D, Goldberg S, Woolger JM, Corredor R, Abbas MH, Arosemena L, Caccamo S, Campbell CSG, Farooqi A, Gao J, Konefal J, Lages LC, Lantigua L, Lopez J, Padilla V, Rasul A, Ray AM, Simões HG, Tiozzo E, Lewis JE. Double-blind, randomized crossover study of intravenous infusion of magnesium sulfate versus 5% dextrose on depressive symptoms in adults with treatment-resistant depression. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 71:204-211. [PMID: 27862658 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Treatment-resistant depression patients are more likely to suffer from comorbid physical and mental disorders, experience marked and protracted functional impairment, and incur higher health-care costs than non-affected individuals. Magnesium sulfate is a treatment option that may offer great potential for patients with treatment-resistant depression based on prior work in animals and humans. METHODS Twelve subjects with mild or moderate treatment-resistant depression were randomized into a double-blind crossover trial to receive an infusion of 4 g of magnesium sulfate in 5% dextrose or placebo infusion of 5% dextrose with a 5-day washout in between the 8-day intervention period. Subjects were assessed before and after the intervention for serum and urine magnesium, lipid panel, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. RESULTS We found a difference in serum magnesium from day 2 to 8 (pre-infusion) (P < 0.002) and from baseline to day 8 (P < 0.02). No changes were noted on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression or the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 24 h post-treatment, but as serum magnesium increased from baseline to day 7, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 decreased from baseline to day 7 (P = 0.02). CONCLUSION Magnesium sulfate did not significantly affect depression 24 h post-infusion, but other results were consistent with the literature. The association between changes in serum magnesium and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 supports the idea that magnesium sulfate may be used to address treatment-resistant depression, an ongoing medical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed M A Mehdi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Steven E Atlas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Sidra Qadir
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Dominique Musselman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Sharon Goldberg
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Judi M Woolger
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Raul Corredor
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Muhammad H Abbas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Leopoldo Arosemena
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Simone Caccamo
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Carmen S G Campbell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Ashar Farooqi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | | | - Janet Konefal
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Lucas C Lages
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Laura Lantigua
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Johanna Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Vanessa Padilla
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Ammar Rasul
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Anna M Ray
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Herbert G Simões
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Eduard Tiozzo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - John E Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
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Padilla CV, Cretazzo E, Hita I, López N, Padilla V, Velasco L. First Report of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 5 in Spain. Plant Dis 2010; 94:1507. [PMID: 30743377 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-10-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaVs) cause significant reductions in yield and quality in the wine industry worldwide. At least nine different GLRaVs have been found in different regions of the world. In the process of virus indexing of candidate grapevine clones for certification, which includes grafting of scions onto rootstocks, we observed strong leafroll symptoms 1 year after grafting with one vine of cv. Estaladina in Castilla y León, Spain and one vine of cv. Tempranillo in La Rioja, Spain, collected in 2008 and 2007, respectively. Both vines tested positive by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR with TaqMan probes specific for Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 5 and double-antibody sandwich (DAS)-ELISA with a mix of monoclonal antibodies that recognizes GLRaV-4, 5, 6, 7, and 9 (Bioreba, Reinach, Switzerland). RNA extracts of both GLRaV-5 positive vines were analyzed by conventional RT-PCR with a pair of consensus degenerated primers derived from GLRaV-5 hsp70 sequences available in GenBank: LR5HYF (5'-TGGGATGAAYAARTTCAATGC-3') and LR5HYR (5'-TGAAATTCCTCATRTARGAGC-3') that amplified a 250-bp fragment. Amplicons were cloned and the comparison of the amino acid sequences (Estaladina isolate, Est110: Accession No. HM208622; Tempranillo isolate, Tem020: Accession No. HM208618) showed in the case of the Est110 isolate, 100 and 82.6% identity, respectively, with the homologous genes of one GLRaV-5 isolate from the United States (AF233934 [3]) and Argentina (EU815935 [2]). For isolate Tem020, the hsp70 gene showed 97.1 and 81.2% amino acid identity with the homologous hsp70 genes of the United States and Argentina isolates. The coat protein (cp) genes of both isolates were also amplified and cloned using the specific GLRaV-5 primers, LR53413 (5'-CGTGATACAAGGTAGGACAACCGT-3') and LR53843 (5'-CTTGCACTATCGCTGCCGTGAAT-3'), designed according to the sequence of AF233934. Fragments were of the expected size (430 bp) and the nucleotide sequences were obtained (Est110: Accession No. HM363522; Tem020: Accession No. HM363523) and used for pairwise nucleotide comparisons. The Est110 isolate showed 96.7 and 97.5% amino acid identity with the isolates from the United States and Argentina, respectively, while the Tem020 isolate showed 94.8 and 95.6% identity, respectively. Amino acid identity of Est110 and Tem020 cp genes was 100% when compared with the homologous genes of isolates AF233934 and EU815935. To our knowledge this is the first report of GRLaV-5 in Spain. Since 2008, we have detected eight additional vines positive for this virus in 200 clones analyzed for certification, suggesting that the incidence of GLRaV-5 in Spain could be widespread. This research indicates that virus indexing for GLRaV should be included in certification schemes for grapevine candidate clones (1) in Spain. References: (1) Anonymous. OEPP/EPPO Bull. 38:422, 2008. (2) S. Gomez Talquenca et al. Virus Genes 38:184, 2009. (3) F. Osman et al. J. Virol. Methods 141:22, 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- C V Padilla
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario (IMIDA), E- 30150 La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - E Cretazzo
- Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Balears, Spain
| | - I Hita
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario (IMIDA), E-30150 La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - N López
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario (IMIDA), E-30150 La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - V Padilla
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario (IMIDA), E-30150 La Alberca, Murcia, Spain
| | - L Velasco
- Instituto Andaluz de Investigación y Formación Agraria (IFAPA), E-29140 Churriana, Málaga, Spain
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Abelleira A, Mansilla JP, Padilla V, Hita I, Cabaleiro C, Bertolini E, Olmos A, Legorburu FJ. First Report of Arabis mosaic virus on Grapevine in Spain. Plant Dis 2010; 94:635. [PMID: 30754448 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-94-5-0635a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV; genus Nepovirus, family Comoviridae) is one of several nepoviruses responsible for infectious degeneration disease of grapevines in Europe (3). The first occurrence in Spain, in the summer of 2007, was found in Val de Salnés, Rias Baixas appellation, Galice on 25-year-old vines of the Albariño variety grafted onto an unidentified rootstock and showing leaf yellowing. The second finding was in the spring of 2008 in Barriobusto, Rioja appellation, Basque Country on 30-year-old vines of Tempranillo variety grafted onto 41B rootstock. In this case, no obvious foliar symptoms were observed but fruit set was very poor. Positive ELISA results were obtained at two different laboratories using antibodies to ArMV obtained from two companies (BIOREBA, Reinach, Switzerland and Sediag, Longvic, France). At a third lab, the presence of ArMV was further confirmed by reverse transcription (RT)-nested PCR using the primers described by Bertolini et al. (1). External primers ArMV 1 and ArMV 2 amplified a fragment of 340 bp from the coat protein region of the virus and internal primers ArMV i1 and ArMV i2 amplified a fragment of 203 bp. The specificity of the amplicons was subsequently confirmed by sequencing and comparison with other ArMV isolates available in the GenBank, EMBL, and DDBJ databases. Alignment performed using Blastn showed 85% nucleotide sequence identity with ArMV isolate NW (Accession No. AY017339). ELISA revealed co-infection with GLRaV-1 in Galice, GLRaV-3 in Rioja, and GFkV at both sites; these other viruses being common in their respective appellations. ArMV could be mechanically transmitted from rooted cuttings onto Chenopodium amaranticolor with an average of a 46% success rate (1:10 tissue/buffer ratio; [2]), but the range was very wide (0 to 100%) and dependent on the individual source vine. No statistical differences were found between nicotine or phosphate buffer for extraction or when using shoot tips or root tips as a source of virus (Fisher's exact test). Infection in C. amaranticolor was symptomless, but detectable by ELISA, and systemic. The Galician grapevine was an isolated plant, replanted on the spot of a dead one. Xiphinema diversicaudatum, the nematode vector of ArMV, was found in the vineyard soil. Only two ArMV-positive vines were found among 1,993 plants analyzed in Galice from 2005 to 2007 (no field data available for the second finding). In Rioja, one positive vine was found in a random sample of 74 vines from two different vineyards. Further testing of the neighboring vines indicated that one of the adjacent plants was also infected. This minimal spread since the vineyard was planted is suggestive of a lack of vectored transmission. In Spain as a whole, the virus seems to be rare and associated with the Atlantic biogeographic region. Both vineyards were planted before certified material became widely available. Currently, statutory testing of grapevine propagation material should prevent further spread. References: (1) E. Bertolini et al. Phytopathology 93:286, 2003. (2) G. P. Martelli, ed. Graft-Transmissible Diseases of Grapevines. Handbook for Detection and Diagnosis, FAO, Rome, 1993. (3) G. P. Martelli and E. Boudon-Padieu. Directory of Infectious Diseases of Grapevines and Viruses and Virus-like Diseases of the Grapevine. Bibliographic Report 1998-2004, CIHEAM, Paris, 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abelleira
- Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Deputación de Pontevedra, E-36153 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - J P Mansilla
- Estación Fitopatolóxica do Areeiro, Deputación de Pontevedra, E-36153 Pontevedra, Spain
| | - V Padilla
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, E-30150 La Alberca, Spain
| | - I Hita
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, E-30150 La Alberca, Spain
| | - C Cabaleiro
- Escola Politécnica Superior, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, E-27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - E Bertolini
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, E-46113 Moncada, Spain
| | - A Olmos
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, E-46113 Moncada, Spain
| | - F J Legorburu
- NEIKER-Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, E-01080 Vitoria/Gasteiz, Spain. Research funded by projects RTA2008-00064 and RTA2008-00078-C03 from INIA
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