1
|
Zhu QZ, Elvert M, Meador TB, Schröder JM, Doeana KD, Becker KW, Elling FJ, Lipp JS, Heuer VB, Zabel M, Hinrichs KU. Comprehensive molecular-isotopic characterization of archaeal lipids in the Black Sea water column and underlying sediments. Geobiology 2024; 22:e12589. [PMID: 38465505 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The Black Sea is a permanently anoxic, marine basin serving as model system for the deposition of organic-rich sediments in a highly stratified ocean. In such systems, archaeal lipids are widely used as paleoceanographic and biogeochemical proxies; however, the diverse planktonic and benthic sources as well as their potentially distinct diagenetic fate may complicate their application. To track the flux of archaeal lipids and to constrain their sources and turnover, we quantitatively examined the distributions and stable carbon isotopic compositions (δ13 C) of intact polar lipids (IPLs) and core lipids (CLs) from the upper oxic water column into the underlying sediments, reaching deposits from the last glacial. The distribution of IPLs responded more sensitively to the geochemical zonation than the CLs, with the latter being governed by the deposition from the chemocline. The isotopic composition of archaeal lipids indicates CLs and IPLs in the deep anoxic water column have negligible influence on the sedimentary pool. Archaeol substitutes tetraether lipids as the most abundant IPL in the deep anoxic water column and the lacustrine methanic zone. Its elevated IPL/CL ratios and negative δ13 C values indicate active methane metabolism. Sedimentary CL- and IPL-crenarchaeol were exclusively derived from the water column, as indicated by non-variable δ13 C values that are identical to those in the chemocline and by the low BIT (branched isoprenoid tetraether index). By contrast, in situ production accounts on average for 22% of the sedimentary IPL-GDGT-0 (glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether) based on isotopic mass balance using the fermentation product lactate as an endmember for the dissolved substrate pool. Despite the structural similarity, glycosidic crenarchaeol appears to be more recalcitrant in comparison to its non-cycloalkylated counterpart GDGT-0, as indicated by its consistently higher IPL/CL ratio in sediments. The higher TEX86 , CCaT, and GDGT-2/-3 values in glacial sediments could plausibly result from selective turnover of archaeal lipids and/or an archaeal ecology shift during the transition from the glacial lacustrine to the Holocene marine setting. Our in-depth molecular-isotopic examination of archaeal core and intact polar lipids provided new constraints on the sources and fate of archaeal lipids and their applicability in paleoceanographic and biogeochemical studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Zeng Zhu
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Marcus Elvert
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Travis B Meador
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Biology Centre CAS, Soil and Water Research Infrastructure, České Budějovice, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czechia
| | - Jan M Schröder
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Katiana D Doeana
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kevin W Becker
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Felix J Elling
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Julius S Lipp
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Verena B Heuer
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Matthias Zabel
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Köster M, Staubwasser M, Meixner A, Kasemann SA, Manners HR, Morono Y, Inagaki F, Heuer VB, Kasten S, Henkel S. Uniquely low stable iron isotopic signatures in deep marine sediments caused by Rayleigh distillation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10281. [PMID: 37355766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37254-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissimilatory iron reduction (DIR) is suggested to be one of the earliest forms of microbial respiration. It plays an important role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron in modern and ancient sediments. Since microbial iron cycling is typically accompanied by iron isotope fractionation, stable iron isotopes are used as tracer for biological activity. Here we present iron isotope data for dissolved and sequentially extracted sedimentary iron pools from deep and hot subseafloor sediments retrieved in the Nankai Trough off Japan. Dissolved iron (Fe(II)aq) is isotopically light throughout the ferruginous sediment interval but some samples have exceptionally light isotope values. Such light values have never been reported in natural marine environments and cannot be solely attributed to DIR. We show that the light isotope values are best explained by a Rayleigh distillation model where Fe(II)aq is continuously removed from the pore water by adsorption onto iron (oxyhydr)oxide surfaces. While the microbially mediated Fe(II)aq release has ceased due to an increase in temperature beyond the threshold of mesophilic microorganisms, the abiotic adsorptive Fe(II)aq removal continued, leading to uniquely light isotope values. These findings have important implications for the interpretation of dissolved iron isotope data especially in deep subseafloor sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Male Köster
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany.
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| | | | - Anette Meixner
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Simone A Kasemann
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hayley R Manners
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Yuki Morono
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avant-garde Research (X-star), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Sciences and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Fumio Inagaki
- Institute for Marine-Earth Exploration and Engineering (MarE3), JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Verena B Heuer
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Sabine Kasten
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Susann Henkel
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Goudriaan M, Morales VH, van der Meer MTJ, Mets A, Ndhlovu RT, van Heerwaarden J, Simon S, Heuer VB, Hinrichs KU, Niemann H. A stable isotope assay with 13C-labeled polyethylene to investigate plastic mineralization mediated by Rhodococcus ruber. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 186:114369. [PMID: 36462423 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Methods that unambiguously prove microbial plastic degradation and allow for quantification of degradation rates are necessary to constrain the influence of microbial degradation on the marine plastic budget. We developed an assay based on stable isotope tracer techniques to determine microbial plastic mineralization rates in liquid medium on a lab scale. For the experiments, 13C-labeled polyethylene (13C-PE) particles (irradiated with UV-light to mimic exposure of floating plastic to sunlight) were incubated in liquid medium with Rhodococcus ruber as a model organism for proof of principle. The transfer of 13C from 13C-PE into the gaseous and dissolved CO2 pools translated to microbially mediated mineralization rates of up to 1.2 % yr-1 of the added PE. After incubation, we also found highly 13C-enriched membrane fatty acids of R. ruber including compounds involved in cellular stress responses. We demonstrated that isotope tracer techniques are a valuable tool to detect and quantify microbial plastic degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maaike Goudriaan
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), 1797 SZ 't Horntje, the Netherlands.
| | - Victor Hernando Morales
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), 1797 SZ 't Horntje, the Netherlands; Centro de Investigación Mariña, University of Vigo, Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, Biological Oceanography Group, 36319 Vigo, Spain
| | - Marcel T J van der Meer
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), 1797 SZ 't Horntje, the Netherlands
| | - Anchelique Mets
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), 1797 SZ 't Horntje, the Netherlands
| | - Rachel T Ndhlovu
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), 1797 SZ 't Horntje, the Netherlands
| | - Johan van Heerwaarden
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), 1797 SZ 't Horntje, the Netherlands
| | - Sina Simon
- MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Verena B Heuer
- MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
- MARUM-Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, 28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Helge Niemann
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), Royal Netherlands Institute of Sea Research (NIOZ), 1797 SZ 't Horntje, the Netherlands; Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands; CAGE-Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geosciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lazar CS, Schmidt F, Elvert M, Heuer VB, Hinrichs KU, Teske AP. Microbial diversity gradients in the geothermal mud volcano underlying the hypersaline Urania Basin. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1043414. [PMID: 36620052 PMCID: PMC9812581 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1043414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mud volcanoes transport deep fluidized sediment and their microbial communities and thus provide a window into the deep biosphere. However, mud volcanoes are commonly sampled at the surface and not probed at greater depths, with the consequence that their internal geochemistry and microbiology remain hidden from view. Urania Basin, a hypersaline seafloor basin in the Mediterranean, harbors a mud volcano that erupts fluidized mud into the brine. The vertical mud pipe was amenable to shipboard Niskin bottle and multicorer sampling and provided an opportunity to investigate the downward sequence of bacterial and archaeal communities of the Urania Basin brine, fluid mud layers and consolidated subsurface sediments using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. These microbial communities show characteristic, habitat-related trends as they change throughout the sample series, from extremely halophilic bacteria (KB1) and archaea (Halodesulfoarchaeum spp.) in the brine, toward moderately halophilic and thermophilic endospore-forming bacteria and uncultured archaeal lineages in the mud fluid, and finally ending in aromatics-oxidizing bacteria, uncultured spore formers, and heterotrophic subsurface archaea (Thermoplasmatales, Bathyarchaeota, and Lokiarcheota) in the deep subsurface sediment at the bottom of the mud volcano. Since these bacterial and archaeal lineages are mostly anaerobic heterotrophic fermenters, the microbial ecosystem in the brine and fluidized mud functions as a layered fermenter for the degradation of sedimentary biomass and hydrocarbons. By spreading spore-forming, thermophilic Firmicutes during eruptions, the Urania Basin mud volcano likely functions as a source of endospores that occur widely in cold seafloor sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cassandre Sara Lazar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Frauke Schmidt
- Organic Geochemistry Group, Department of Geosciences, MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Marcus Elvert
- Organic Geochemistry Group, Department of Geosciences, MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Verena B. Heuer
- Organic Geochemistry Group, Department of Geosciences, MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
- Organic Geochemistry Group, Department of Geosciences, MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Andreas P. Teske
- Department of Earth, Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Friese A, Bauer K, Glombitza C, Ordoñez L, Ariztegui D, Heuer VB, Vuillemin A, Henny C, Nomosatryo S, Simister R, Wagner D, Bijaksana S, Vogel H, Melles M, Russell JM, Crowe SA, Kallmeyer J. Organic matter mineralization in modern and ancient ferruginous sediments. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2216. [PMID: 33850127 PMCID: PMC8044167 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22453-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Deposition of ferruginous sediment was widespread during the Archaean and Proterozoic Eons, playing an important role in global biogeochemical cycling. Knowledge of organic matter mineralization in such sediment, however, remains mostly conceptual, as modern ferruginous analogs are largely unstudied. Here we show that in sediment of ferruginous Lake Towuti, Indonesia, methanogenesis dominates organic matter mineralization despite highly abundant reactive ferric iron phases like goethite that persist throughout the sediment. Ferric iron can thus be buried over geologic timescales even in the presence of labile organic carbon. Coexistence of ferric iron with millimolar concentrations of methane further demonstrates lack of iron-dependent methane oxidation. With negligible methane oxidation, methane diffuses from the sediment into overlying waters where it can be oxidized with oxygen or escape to the atmosphere. In low-oxygen ferruginous Archaean and Proterozoic oceans, therefore, sedimentary methane production was likely favored with strong potential to influence Earth's early climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Friese
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kohen Bauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Clemens Glombitza
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Zürich, Switzerland
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Luis Ordoñez
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ariztegui
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Verena B Heuer
- MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Aurèle Vuillemin
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Paleontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Cynthia Henny
- Research Center for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Sulung Nomosatryo
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
- Research Center for Limnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Rachel Simister
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Dirk Wagner
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Satria Bijaksana
- Faculty of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Hendrik Vogel
- Institute of Geological Sciences & Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Melles
- Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - James M Russell
- Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Sean A Crowe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Jens Kallmeyer
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Heuer VB, Inagaki F, Morono Y, Kubo Y, Spivack AJ, Viehweger B, Treude T, Beulig F, Schubotz F, Tonai S, Bowden SA, Cramm M, Henkel S, Hirose T, Homola K, Hoshino T, Ijiri A, Imachi H, Kamiya N, Kaneko M, Lagostina L, Manners H, McClelland HL, Metcalfe K, Okutsu N, Pan D, Raudsepp MJ, Sauvage J, Tsang MY, Wang DT, Whitaker E, Yamamoto Y, Yang K, Maeda L, Adhikari RR, Glombitza C, Hamada Y, Kallmeyer J, Wendt J, Wörmer L, Yamada Y, Kinoshita M, Hinrichs KU. Temperature limits to deep subseafloor life in the Nankai Trough subduction zone. Science 2020; 370:1230-1234. [PMID: 33273103 DOI: 10.1126/science.abd7934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms in marine subsurface sediments substantially contribute to global biomass. Sediments warmer than 40°C account for roughly half the marine sediment volume, but the processes mediated by microbial populations in these hard-to-access environments are poorly understood. We investigated microbial life in up to 1.2-kilometer-deep and up to 120°C hot sediments in the Nankai Trough subduction zone. Above 45°C, concentrations of vegetative cells drop two orders of magnitude and endospores become more than 6000 times more abundant than vegetative cells. Methane is biologically produced and oxidized until sediments reach 80° to 85°C. In 100° to 120°C sediments, isotopic evidence and increased cell concentrations demonstrate the activity of acetate-degrading hyperthermophiles. Above 45°C, populated zones alternate with zones up to 192 meters thick where microbes were undetectable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verena B Heuer
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Fumio Inagaki
- Research and Development Center for Ocean Drilling Science, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Japan.,Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, JAMSTEC, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yuki Morono
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, JAMSTEC, Kochi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kubo
- Center for Deep Earth Exploration (CDEX), JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Arthur J Spivack
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Bernhard Viehweger
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Tina Treude
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Felix Beulig
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Florence Schubotz
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Satoshi Tonai
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
| | - Stephen A Bowden
- Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Margaret Cramm
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Susann Henkel
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Takehiro Hirose
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, JAMSTEC, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kira Homola
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | | | - Akira Ijiri
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, JAMSTEC, Kochi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Imachi
- Institute for Extra-cutting-edge Science and Technology Avantgarde Research, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Nana Kamiya
- Graduate School of Integrated Basic Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Kaneko
- Geomicrobiology Research Group, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Lorenzo Lagostina
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hayley Manners
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
| | - Harry-Luke McClelland
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kyle Metcalfe
- Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Natsumi Okutsu
- Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Donald Pan
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Maija J Raudsepp
- School of Earth Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Justine Sauvage
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, USA
| | - Man-Yin Tsang
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David T Wang
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emily Whitaker
- Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Yuzuru Yamamoto
- Department of Mathematical Science and Advanced Technology, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Kiho Yang
- Department of Earth System Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Lena Maeda
- Center for Deep Earth Exploration (CDEX), JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Rishi R Adhikari
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Clemens Glombitza
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yohei Hamada
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, JAMSTEC, Kochi, Japan
| | - Jens Kallmeyer
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jenny Wendt
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Lars Wörmer
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Yasuhiro Yamada
- Research and Development Center for Ocean Drilling Science, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
- Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Inagaki F, Hinrichs KU, Kubo Y, Bowles MW, Heuer VB, Hong WL, Hoshino T, Ijiri A, Imachi H, Ito M, Kaneko M, Lever MA, Lin YS, Methé BA, Morita S, Morono Y, Tanikawa W, Bihan M, Bowden SA, Elvert M, Glombitza C, Gross D, Harrington GJ, Hori T, Li K, Limmer D, Liu CH, Murayama M, Ohkouchi N, Ono S, Park YS, Phillips SC, Prieto-Mollar X, Purkey M, Riedinger N, Sanada Y, Sauvage J, Snyder G, Susilawati R, Takano Y, Tasumi E, Terada T, Tomaru H, Trembath-Reichert E, Wang DT, Yamada Y. DEEP BIOSPHERE. Exploring deep microbial life in coal-bearing sediment down to ~2.5 km below the ocean floor. Science 2015. [PMID: 26206933 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa6882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbial life inhabits deeply buried marine sediments, but the extent of this vast ecosystem remains poorly constrained. Here we provide evidence for the existence of microbial communities in ~40° to 60°C sediment associated with lignite coal beds at ~1.5 to 2.5 km below the seafloor in the Pacific Ocean off Japan. Microbial methanogenesis was indicated by the isotopic compositions of methane and carbon dioxide, biomarkers, cultivation data, and gas compositions. Concentrations of indigenous microbial cells below 1.5 km ranged from <10 to ~10(4) cells cm(-3). Peak concentrations occurred in lignite layers, where communities differed markedly from shallower subseafloor communities and instead resembled organotrophic communities in forest soils. This suggests that terrigenous sediments retain indigenous community members tens of millions of years after burial in the seabed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Inagaki
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - K-U Hinrichs
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Y Kubo
- Center for Deep-Earth Exploration, JAMSTEC, Yokohama 236-0061, Japan. Research and Development Center for Ocean Drilling Science, JAMSTEC, Yokohama 236-0001, Japan
| | - M W Bowles
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - V B Heuer
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - W-L Hong
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - T Hoshino
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - A Ijiri
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - H Imachi
- Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan. Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - M Ito
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - M Kaneko
- Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan. Department of Biogeochemistry, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - M A Lever
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Y-S Lin
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - B A Methé
- Department of Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - S Morita
- Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8567, Japan
| | - Y Morono
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - W Tanikawa
- Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan. Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - M Bihan
- Department of Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - S A Bowden
- Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB2A 3UE, UK
| | - M Elvert
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - C Glombitza
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - D Gross
- Department of Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, Montanuniversität, 8700 Leoben, Austria
| | - G J Harrington
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - T Hori
- Environmental Management Research Institute, AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - K Li
- Department of Environmental Genomics, J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - D Limmer
- Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB2A 3UE, UK
| | - C-H Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
| | - M Murayama
- Center for Advanced Marine Core Research, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi 783-8502, Japan
| | - N Ohkouchi
- Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan. Department of Biogeochemistry, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - S Ono
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Y-S Park
- Petroleum and Marine Resources Research Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Korea
| | - S C Phillips
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - X Prieto-Mollar
- MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - M Purkey
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - N Riedinger
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Y Sanada
- Center for Deep-Earth Exploration, JAMSTEC, Yokohama 236-0061, Japan. Research and Development Center for Ocean Drilling Science, JAMSTEC, Yokohama 236-0001, Japan
| | - J Sauvage
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA
| | - G Snyder
- Department of Earth Science, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - R Susilawati
- School of Earth Science, University of Queensland, Brisbane Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Y Takano
- Research and Development Center for Marine Resources, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan. Department of Biogeochemistry, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - E Tasumi
- Department of Subsurface Geobiological Analysis and Research, JAMSTEC, Yokosuka 237-0061, Japan
| | - T Terada
- Marine Works Japan, Yokosuka 237-0063, Japan
| | - H Tomaru
- Department of Earth Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - E Trembath-Reichert
- Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - D T Wang
- Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Y Yamada
- Research and Development Center for Ocean Drilling Science, JAMSTEC, Yokohama 236-0001, Japan. Department of Urban Management, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hammerschmidt SB, Wiersberg T, Heuer VB, Wendt J, Erzinger J, Kopf A. Real-time drilling mud gas monitoring for qualitative evaluation of hydrocarbon gas composition during deep sea drilling in the Nankai Trough Kumano Basin. Geochem Trans 2014; 15:15. [PMID: 25648878 PMCID: PMC4302130 DOI: 10.1186/s12932-014-0015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 338 was the second scientific expedition with D/V Chikyu during which riser drilling was conducted as part of the Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiment. Riser drilling enabled sampling and real-time monitoring of drilling mud gas with an onboard scientific drilling mud gas monitoring system ("SciGas"). A second, independent system was provided by Geoservices, a commercial mud logging service. Both systems allowed the determination of (non-) hydrocarbon gas, while the SciGas system also monitored the methane carbon isotope ratio (δ(13)CCH4). The hydrocarbon gas composition was predominated by methane (> 1%), while ethane and propane were up to two orders of magnitude lower. δ(13)CCH4 values suggested an onset of thermogenic gas not earlier than 1600 meter below seafloor. This study aims on evaluating the onboard data and subsequent geological interpretations by conducting shorebased analyses of drilling mud gas samples. RESULTS During shipboard monitoring of drilling mud gas the SciGas and Geoservices systems recorded up to 8.64% and 16.4% methane, respectively. Ethane and propane concentrations reached up to 0.03 and 0.013%, respectively, in the SciGas system, but 0.09% and 0.23% in the Geoservices data. Shorebased analyses of discrete samples by gas chromatography showed a gas composition with ~0.01 to 1.04% methane, 2 - 18 ppmv ethane, and 2 - 4 ppmv propane. Quadruple mass spectrometry yielded similar results for methane (0.04 to 4.98%). With δD values between -171‰ and -164‰, the stable hydrogen isotopic composition of methane showed little downhole variability. CONCLUSIONS Although the two independent mud gas monitoring systems and shorebased analysis of discrete gas sample yielded different absolute concentrations they all agree well with respect to downhole variations of hydrocarbon gases. The data point to predominantly biogenic methane sources but suggest some contribution from thermogenic sources at depth, probably due to mixing. In situ thermogenic gas production at depths shallower 2000 mbsf is unlikely based on in situ temperature estimations between 81°C and 85°C and a cumulative time-temperature index of 0.23. In conclusion, the onboard SciGas data acquisition helps to provide a preliminary, qualitative evaluation of the gas composition, the in situ temperature and the possibility of gas migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Wiersberg
- />GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Germany
| | - Verena B Heuer
- />MARUM, University of Bremen, Leobener Str., Bremen, 28359 Germany
| | - Jenny Wendt
- />MARUM, University of Bremen, Leobener Str., Bremen, 28359 Germany
| | - Jörg Erzinger
- />GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Telegrafenberg, 14473 Germany
| | - Achim Kopf
- />MARUM, University of Bremen, Leobener Str., Bremen, 28359 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Beulig F, Heuer VB, Akob DM, Viehweger B, Elvert M, Herrmann M, Hinrichs KU, Küsel K. Carbon flow from volcanic CO2 into soil microbial communities of a wetland mofette. ISME J 2014; 9:746-59. [PMID: 25216086 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2014.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Effects of extremely high carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations on soil microbial communities and associated processes are largely unknown. We studied a wetland area affected by spots of subcrustal CO2 degassing (mofettes) with focus on anaerobic autotrophic methanogenesis and acetogenesis because the pore gas phase was largely hypoxic. Compared with a reference soil, the mofette was more acidic (ΔpH ∼0.8), strongly enriched in organic carbon (up to 10 times), and exhibited lower prokaryotic diversity. It was dominated by methanogens and subdivision 1 Acidobacteria, which likely thrived under stable hypoxia and acidic pH. Anoxic incubations revealed enhanced formation of acetate and methane (CH4) from hydrogen (H2) and CO2 consistent with elevated CH4 and acetate levels in the mofette soil. (13)CO2 mofette soil incubations showed high label incorporations with ∼512 ng (13)C g (dry weight (dw)) soil(-1) d(-1) into the bulk soil and up to 10.7 ng (13)C g (dw) soil(-1) d(-1) into almost all analyzed bacterial lipids. Incorporation of CO2-derived carbon into archaeal lipids was much lower and restricted to the first 10 cm of the soil. DNA-SIP analysis revealed that acidophilic methanogens affiliated with Methanoregulaceae and hitherto unknown acetogens appeared to be involved in the chemolithoautotrophic utilization of (13)CO2. Subdivision 1 Acidobacteriaceae assimilated (13)CO2 likely via anaplerotic reactions because Acidobacteriaceae are not known to harbor enzymatic pathways for autotrophic CO2 assimilation. We conclude that CO2-induced geochemical changes promoted anaerobic and acidophilic organisms and altered carbon turnover in affected soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felix Beulig
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Verena B Heuer
- Organic Geochemistry Group, Dept. of Geosciences and MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Denise M Akob
- 1] Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany [2] U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USA
| | - Bernhard Viehweger
- Organic Geochemistry Group, Dept. of Geosciences and MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Marcus Elvert
- Organic Geochemistry Group, Dept. of Geosciences and MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Martina Herrmann
- 1] Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany [2] German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
- Organic Geochemistry Group, Dept. of Geosciences and MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Küsel
- 1] Aquatic Geomicrobiology, Institute of Ecology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany [2] German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hädrich A, Heuer VB, Herrmann M, Hinrichs KU, Küsel K. Origin and fate of acetate in an acidic fen. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2012; 81:339-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01352.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anke Hädrich
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology Group; Institute of Ecology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena; Germany
| | - Verena B. Heuer
- Organic Geochemistry Group; Department of Geosciences and MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; University of Bremen; Bremen; Germany
| | - Martina Herrmann
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology Group; Institute of Ecology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena; Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
- Organic Geochemistry Group; Department of Geosciences and MARUM Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; University of Bremen; Bremen; Germany
| | - Kirsten Küsel
- Aquatic Geomicrobiology Group; Institute of Ecology; Friedrich Schiller University Jena; Jena; Germany
| |
Collapse
|