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Caffarelli C, Giambelluca A, Ghini V, Francolini V, Pitinca MDT, Nuti R, Gonnelli S. In Type-2 Diabetes Subjects Trabecular Bone Score is Better Associated with Carotid Intima-Media Thickness than BMD. Calcif Tissue Int 2017; 101:404-411. [PMID: 28664329 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-017-0297-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Literature data reported that in elderly subjects, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was negatively associated with bone mineral density (BMD). Paradoxically, type-2 diabetes (T2DM) patients, despite having higher BMD, present an increased risk of fragility fractures and cardiovascular complications. Some studies have reported trabecular bone score (TBS), an index of trabecular bone quality, as possibly being reduced in T2DM. This study aimed to evaluate whether in T2DM subjects TBS was better associated with IMT with respect to BMD. In 131 consecutive T2DM subjects (55 men and 76 women; mean age: 60.0 ± 7.3 years) and 265 consecutive non-T2DM subjects (107 men and 158 women; mean age: 58.9 ± 7.8 years) we measured carotid IMT by high-resolution ultrasonography and BMD at lumbar spine (LS-BMD), at femoral neck FN-BMD and total hip TH-BMD; TBS was calculated using TBS iNsight software. LS-BMD, FN-BMD, and TH-BMD were all significantly higher in T2DM than in non-T2DM subjects, whereas TBS was significantly lower in T2DM subjects than in controls and inversely correlated with diabetes duration. In T2DM subjects multiple regression analysis showed that IMT was positively associated with age (b = 0.017; p < 0.001) and inversely associated with TBS (b = -0.473; p = 0.038). In non-T2DM subjects, only age was positively associated with IMT. To sum up, T2DM subjects present higher values of BMD and lower values of TBS with respect to non-diabetic controls. Moreover, in T2DM subjects TBS was found to be independently associated with carotid IMT. These findings suggest that TBS may not only capture bone fragility-related factors, but also some information associated with greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Caffarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Amalia Giambelluca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Viola Ghini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Valentina Francolini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Dea Tomai Pitinca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Ranuccio Nuti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Gonnelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
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Abstract
Electric field gradients across the C3 and C4 ferritin channels controls the directional Fe2+fluxes towards the catalytic ferroxidase center.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Bernacchioni
- CERM
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
- Department of Chemistry
| | - V. Ghini
- CERM
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
- Department of Chemistry
| | - E. C. Theil
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute
- Oakland
- USA
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry
- North Carolina State University
| | - P. Turano
- CERM
- University of Florence
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
- Department of Chemistry
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