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Alagarsamy V, Sundar PS, Solomon VR, Murugesan S, Muzaffar-Ur-Rehman M, Kulkarni VS, Sulthana MT, Narendhar B, Sabarees G. Computational Screening of Some Phytochemicals to Identify Best Modulators for Ligand Binding Domain of Estrogen Receptor Alpha. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:CPD-EPUB-140131. [PMID: 38698754 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128287431240408045732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The peculiar aim of this study is to discover and identify the most effective and potential inhibitors against the most influential target ERα receptor by in silico studies of 45 phytochemicals from six diverse ayurvedic medicinal plants. METHODS The molecular docking investigation was carried out by the genetic algorithm program of AutoDock Vina. The molecular dynamic (MD) simulation investigations were conducted using the Desmond tool of Schrödinger molecular modelling. This study identified the top ten highest binding energy phytochemicals that were taken for drug-likeness test and ADMET profile prediction with the help of the web-based server QikpropADME. RESULTS Molecular docking study revealed that ellagic acid (-9.3 kcal/mol), emodin (-9.1 kcal/mol), rhein (-9.1 kcal/mol), andquercetin (-9.0 kcal/mol) phytochemicals showed similar binding affinity as standard tamoxifen towards the target protein ERα. MD studies showed that all four compounds possess comparatively stable ligand-protein complexes with ERα target compared to the tamoxifen-ERα complex. Among the four compounds, phytochemical rhein formed a more stable complex than standard tamoxifen. ADMET studies for the top ten highest binding energy phytochemicals showed a better safety profile. CONCLUSION Additionally, these compounds are being reported for the first time in this study as possible inhibitors of ERα for treating breast cancer, according to the notion of drug repurposing. Hence, these phytochemicals can be further studied and used as a parent core molecule to develop innovative lead molecules for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerachamy Alagarsamy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, Sangareddy 502294, Gr. Hyderabad, India
| | - P Shyam Sundar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vasantidevi Patil Institute of Pharmacy, Kodoli, Panahala, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416114, India
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, Sangareddy 502294, Gr. Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Vishaka Sumant Kulkarni
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, Sangareddy 502294, Gr. Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Bandi Narendhar
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, Sangareddy 502294, Gr. Hyderabad, India
| | - Govindraj Sabarees
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, India
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Tamilarasi GP, Manikandan K, Solomon VR. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry determination of bumetanide in human plasma and application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5825. [PMID: 38234085 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Determining a drug's bioavailability and bioequivalence is important for developing and approving a drug product. The procedure supports applications for generic drug products and novel therapeutic substances, makes important decisions regarding safety and efficacy, and measures a drug's concentration in biological matrices. This study aimed to develop and validate a specific, simple, sensitive, and accurate method using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) for measuring bumetanide (BUM) in human plasma. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a Hypurity C18 column (4.6 × 50 mm, 5 μm) under isocratic conditions, and LC-MS detected positive ionization acquisition modes. Protonated precursor to product ion transitions were observed at m/z 365.08 → 240.10 and 370.04 → 244.52 for BUM and internal standard, respectively. The linear range of BUM in plasma samples was 3.490-401.192 ng/mL. The inter-precision value ranged from 1.76% to 4.75%. The inter-accuracy value ranged from 96.46% to 99.95%. The method was adequately validated per the U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines, and the results were within permissible bounds. The Cmax and Tmax values were ~53.097 ± 13.537 ng/mL and 1.25 (0.67-5.00) h, respectively. The new approach showed satisfactory results for studying BUM in human plasma with potential use in pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krishnan Manikandan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Chennai, India
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, MNR College of Pharmacy, Sangareddy, India
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Sabarees G, Velmurugan V, Gouthaman S, Solomon VR, Kandhasamy S. Fabrication of Quercetin-Functionalized Morpholine and Pyridine Motifs-Laden Silk Fibroin Nanofibers for Effective Wound Healing in Preclinical Study. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:462. [PMID: 38675123 PMCID: PMC11054860 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Choosing suitable wound dressings is crucial for effective wound healing. Spun scaffolds with bioactive molecule functionalization are gaining attention as a promising approach to expedite tissue repair and regeneration. Here, we present the synthesis of novel multifunctional quercetin with morpholine and pyridine functional motifs (QFM) embedded in silk fibroin (SF)-spun fibers (SF-QFM) for preclinical skin repair therapies. The verification of the novel QFM structural arrangement was characterized using ATR-FTIR, NMR, and ESI-MS spectroscopy analysis. Extensive characterization of the spun SF-QFM fibrous mats revealed their excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and remarkable mechanical and controlled drug release capabilities. SF-QFM mats were studied for drug release in pH 7.4 PBS over 72 h. The QFM-controlled release is mainly driven by diffusion and follows Fickian's law. Significant QFM release (40%) occurred within the first 6 h, with a total release of 79% at the end of 72 h, which is considered beneficial in effectively reducing bacterial load and helping expedite the healing process. Interestingly, the SF-QFM-spun mat demonstrated significantly improved NIH 3T3 cell proliferation and migration compared to the pure SF mat, as evidenced by the complete migration of NIH 3T3 cells within 24 h in the scratch assay. Furthermore, the in vivo outcome of SF-QFM was demonstrated by the regeneration of fresh fibroblasts and the realignment of collagen fibers deposition at 9 days post-operation in a preclinical rat full-thickness skin defect model. Our findings collectively indicate that the SF-QFM electrospun nanofiber scaffolds hold significant capability as a cost-effective and efficient bioactive spun architecture for use in wound healing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindaraj Sabarees
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India;
| | - Vadivel Velmurugan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India;
| | - Siddan Gouthaman
- Organic Material Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, India;
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, Gr. Hyderabad, Sangareddy 502294, India;
| | - Subramani Kandhasamy
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Quanzhou University of Information Engineering, Quanzhou 362000, China
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Tamilarasi GP, Sabarees G, Krishnan M, Gouthaman S, Alagarsamy V, Solomon VR. Electrospun Scaffold-based Antibiotic Therapeutics for Chronic Wound Recovery. Mini Rev Med Chem 2023; 23:1653-1677. [PMID: 36824003 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230221155544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of a wound infection caused by a multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterium is challenging since traditional medicine is incapable of curing such infections. As a result, there is a critical need to develop wound dressings resistant to MDR bacteria. Over half of diabetic and burn wounds showed clinical symptoms of infection. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that may have various consequences, including chronic sores, vascular damage, and neuropathy. Microbial infection and oxidative stress to the fibroblast are common causes of slow and ineffective wound healing. Since wound healing and tissue repair are complex cascades of cellular activities, prompt and ordered healing is critical throughout this process. Despite advances in medication development and sophisticated formulations, treating persistent wound infections remains difficult. The drawbacks of administering antibiotics through the digestive system have motivated the development of enhanced therapeutic dressings with antibacterial activity and the application of antibiotics by localized administration. Antimicrobial wound dressings have great promise for reducing infection risk and improving the healing rate of chronic lesions. Most current research in skin tissue engineering focuses on developing threedimensional scaffolds that mimic natural skin's extracellular matrix (ECM). Electrospinning is a wellestablished method for producing nanoscale fibers. It is a simple, cost-effective, reproducible, and efficient process for encapsulating hydrophobic and hydrophilic antimicrobial compounds in synthetic and natural polymeric carriers. This review discusses various nanofibers as novel delivery systems for antimicrobial compounds in chronic wound healing. We will discuss the significant polymers used to make nanofibers, their manufacturing processes, and, most importantly, their antibacterial effectiveness against microorganisms that typically cause chronic wound infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Padmini Tamilarasi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, 603203, India
| | - Govindaraj Sabarees
- Department of Pharmacy, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, 603203 India
| | - Manikandan Krishnan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Kattankulathur, Tamilnadu, 603203, India
| | - Siddan Gouthaman
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi Nagar, Kodigehalli, Bengaluru, 560065, India
| | - Veerachamy Alagarsamy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, Gr. Hyderabad, Sangareddy, 502 294, India
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, Gr. Hyderabad, Sangareddy, 502 294, India
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Solomon VR, Alizadeh E, Bernhard W, Makhlouf A, Hartimath SV, Hill W, El-Sayed A, Barreto K, Geyer CR, Fonge H. Development and preclinical evaluation of cixutumumab drug conjugates in a model of insulin growth factor receptor I (IGF-1R) positive cancer. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18549. [PMID: 33122707 PMCID: PMC7596529 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75279-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of insulin growth factor receptor type 1 (IGF-1R) is observed in many cancers. Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) with PEGylated maytansine (PEG6-DM1) show promise in vitro. We developed PEG6-DM1 ADCs with low and high drug to antibody ratios (DAR) using an anti-IGF-1R antibody cixutumumab (IMC-A12). Conjugates with low (cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-Low) and high (cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-High) DAR as 3.4 and 7.2, respectively, were generated. QC was performed by UV spectrophotometry, HPLC, bioanalyzer, and biolayer-interferometry. We compared the in vitro binding and internalization rates of the ADCs in IGF-1R-positive MCF-7/Her18 cells. We radiolabeled the ADCs with 111In and used microSPECT/CT imaging and ex vivo biodistribution to understand their in vivo behavior in MCF-7/Her18 xenograft mice. The therapeutic potential of the ADC was studied in vitro and in mouse xenograft. Internalization rates of all ADCs was high and increased over 48 h and EC50 was in the low nanomolar range. MicroSPECT/CT imaging and ex vivo biodistribution showed significantly lower tumor uptake of 111In-cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-High compared to 111In-cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-Low and 111In-cixutumumab. Cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-Low significantly prolonged the survival of mice bearing MCF-7/Her18 xenograft compared with cixutumumab, cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-High, or the PBS control group. Cixutumumab-PEG6-DM1-Low ADC was more effective. The study highlights the potential utility of cixutumumab-ADCs as theranostics against IGF-1R positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswas Raja Solomon
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Elahe Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Wendy Bernhard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Amal Makhlouf
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini, Cairo, 12411, Egypt
| | - Siddesh V Hartimath
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada
| | - Wayne Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ayman El-Sayed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kris Barreto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Clarence Ronald Geyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, RUH Saskatoon, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, 103 Hospital Dr., Saskatoon, SK, S7N 0W8, Canada. .,Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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Raheem SJ, Schmidt BW, Solomon VR, Salih AK, Price EW. Ultrasonic-Assisted Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis of DOTA-TATE and DOTA- linker-TATE Derivatives as a Simple and Low-Cost Method for the Facile Synthesis of Chelator-Peptide Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 32:1204-1213. [PMID: 32645261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Peptides have been widely adopted as biological targeting vectors for applications in molecular imaging and peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Somatostatin (SST) analogues such as octreotate (TATE) are exogenous ligands for somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), which are highly expressed on neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Recently, both [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE (NETSPOT) and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE (LUTATHERA) received U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and PRRT of NETs, respectively. However, to the best of our knowledge a well-described synthesis of DOTA-TATE has not been reported in the literature. Herein, we report a fully reoptimized DOTA-TATE synthesis, including the application of a simple ultrasonic bath to greatly improve yields, reduce coupling times, and decrease the amount of reagents required for each coupling step by a half. The most prevalently used cyclizing agents such as iodine, thallium(III) trifluoroacetate, hydrogen peroxide, and dimethyl sulfoxide were compared. On-resin cyclizations using mechanical agitation showed higher yields (23% and 25% using I2 and Tl(III), respectively) than off-resin (1.3% and 11% using DMSO and H2O2, respectively), and the total synthesis time of DOTA-TATE was ∼540 min excluding the cyclization step, with a total synthesis yield of ∼23%. The same manual SPPS methods/reagents were reoptimized with ultrasonic (US) agitation, resulting in an immense reduction in the total synthesis time by ∼8-fold to ∼70 min for DOTA-TATE with a higher yield (∼29% yield), and ∼13-fold to 105 min for DOTA-PEG4-TATE (∼29% yield). Also, the use of US agitation reduces the need for excess molar equivalents of the reagents to a half, which is particularly important when coupling expensive or custom-synthesized groups such as bifunctional chelators and linkers. Finally, the synthesized DOTA-TATE was successfully radiolabeled with [68Ga]Ga3+ (t1/2 = 68 min) with high radiochemical yields (30 min, 95 °C). We believe this work opens the door to the facile and low-cost synthesis of many new chelator-linker-peptide conjugates that were previously cumbersome or cost-prohibitive to produce with manual SPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shvan J Raheem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-5C9, Canada
| | - Benjamin W Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-5C9, Canada
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-5C9, Canada
| | - Akam K Salih
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-5C9, Canada
| | - Eric W Price
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N-5C9, Canada
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Gobinath M, Subramanian N, Alagarsamy V, Nivedhitha S, Solomon VR. Design and Synthesis of 1-Substituted-4-(4-Nitrophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5(4H)-ones as a New Class of Antihistaminic Agents. Russ J Bioorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Solomon VR, Alizadeh E, Bernhard W, Hartimath SV, Hill W, Chekol R, Barreto KM, Geyer CR, Fonge H. 111In- and 225Ac-Labeled Cixutumumab for Imaging and α-Particle Radiotherapy of IGF-1R Positive Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:4807-4816. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada
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Solomon VR, Tallapragada VJ, Chebib M, Johnston G, Hanrahan JR. GABA allosteric modulators: An overview of recent developments in non-benzodiazepine modulators. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 171:434-461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Hartimath SV, Alizadeh E, Solomon VR, Chekol R, Bernhard W, Hill W, Parada AC, Barreto K, Geyer CR, Fonge H. Preclinical Evaluation of 111In-Labeled PEGylated Maytansine Nimotuzumab Drug Conjugates in EGFR-Positive Cancer Models. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1103-1110. [PMID: 30655327 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.220095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor I (EGFR) is overexpressed in most cancers of epithelial origin. Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) with PEGylated-maytansine (PEG-DM1) show promise in vitro and in vivo. However, in vivo biodistribution data for ADCs with PEG-DM1 have not been reported. Development of methods to understand the real-time in vivo behavior of these ADCs is needed to move these compounds to the clinic. Methods: Here we have used noninvasive small-animal SPECT/CT imaging and ex vivo biodistribution to understand the in vivo behavior of PEG6-DM1 ADCs. We developed nimotuzumab ADCs conjugated to PEG6-DM1. We generated immunoconjugates with low (nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low) and high (nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High) drug-to-antibody ratios. The drug-to-antibody of nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low and nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High was 3.5 and 7.3, respectively. Quality control was performed using ultraviolet spectrophotometry, size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography, bioanalyzer, biolayer interferometry, and flow cytometry in EGFR-positive DLD-1 cells. These immunoconjugates were conjugated with DOTA and radiolabeled with 111In. The in vitro binding and internalization rates of 111In-nimotuzumab, 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low, and 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High were characterized. Furthermore, the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and imaging characteristics were evaluated in normal and DLD-1 tumor-bearing mice. Results: Flow cytometry and biolayer interferometry showed a trend toward decreasing EGFR affinity with increasing number of PEG6-DM1 on the antibody. Despite the lower overall cellular binding of the PEG6-DM1 radioimmunoconjugates, internalization was higher for PEG6-DM1 ADCs than for the non-PEGylated ADC in the following order: 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High > 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low > 111In-nimotuzumab. Nuclear uptake of 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High was 4.4-fold higher than 111In-nimotuzumab. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution showed that 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High had the slowest blood and whole-body clearance rate. Uptake in DLD-1 tumors of 111In-nimotuzumab was similar to 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low but was significantly higher than for 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High. Tumor-to-background ratios for 111In-nimotuzumab and 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-Low were higher than for 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High. Conclusion: The results show that conjugation of multiple PEG6-DM1 reduces the affinity for EGFR in vitro. However, the reduced affinity is counteracted by the high internalization rate of constructs with PEG6-DM1 ADCs in vitro. The decreased affinity resulted in low tumor uptake of 111In-nimotuzumab-PEG6-DM1-High, with a slow overall whole-body clearance rate. These data provide insights for evaluating the pharmacokinetics and normal -tissue toxicity and in determining dosing rate of PEGylated ADCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddesh V Hartimath
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Elahe Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Rufael Chekol
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Wendy Bernhard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Wayne Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | | | - Kris Barreto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Clarence Ronald Geyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon SK, Canada .,Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital (RUH), Saskatoon SK, Canada
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Hajdu I, Makhlouf A, Solomon VR, Michel D, Al-Dulaymi M, Wasan KM, Fonge H, Badea I. A 89Zr-labeled lipoplex nanosystem for image-guided gene delivery: design, evaluation of stability and in vivo behavior. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:7801-7818. [PMID: 30538460 PMCID: PMC6257135 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s179806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the advances in radiopharmaceutical research, the development of image-guided therapy has become a major interest. While the development of theranostic nanotherapeutics is frequently associated with cancer chemotherapy, phototherapy and radiotherapy, there is little information available on the in vivo monitoring of gene delivery systems and the application of image-guided approach in gene therapy. The goal of this work was to determine the in vivo behavior of DNA delivery nanosystems - based on cationic gemini surfactants – designed for image-guided gene therapy. We tested the feasibility of monitoring tumor accumulation of gene delivery nanoparticles by positron emission tomography. Methods To be able to conjugate radiotracers to the nanoparticles, a deferoxamine-modified gemini surfactant was synthesized, DNA-containing lipoplex nanoparticles were formulated, and radiolabeled with Zirconium-89 (89Zr). The pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of 89Zr labeled surfactant and 89Zr labeled nanoparticles were monitored in mice by microPET/CT imaging and ex vivo gamma counting. Results Modification of the nanoparticles with deferoxamine did not alter their physicochemical properties. The radiolabeled nanoparticles (labeling efficiency of 95±3%) were stable in PBS and serum. The biological half-life of the 89Zr labeled nanoparticles was significantly higher compared to 89Zr labeled surfactant. As expected, the nanoparticles had significantly higher liver accumulation than the radiolabeled surfactant alone and lower kidney accumulation. Tumor uptake was detected at 2 hours post injection and decreased throughout the 3-day monitoring. Conclusion We propose that radiolabeling DNA delivery lipoplex nanosystems is a promising approach for the design and optimization of image-guided nanomedicines, especially in the context of cancer gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Istvan Hajdu
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada,
| | - Amal Makhlouf
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada, .,Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 12411 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada,
| | - Deborah Michel
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada,
| | - Mays Al-Dulaymi
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada,
| | - Kishor M Wasan
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada,
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada, .,Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada,
| | - Ildiko Badea
- Drug Discovery and Development Research Group, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada,
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12
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Solomon VR, Gonzalez C, Alizadeh E, Bernhard W, Hartimath SV, Barreto K, Geyer CR, Fonge H. 99mTc(CO) 3+ labeled domain I/II-specific anti-EGFR (scFv) 2 antibody fragment for imaging EGFR expression. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:437-446. [PMID: 30103192 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bifunctional chelators (BFCs) are covalently linked to biologically active targeting molecules and radiolabeled with radiometals. Technetium-99 m (99mTc) is the most widely used isotope in nuclear medicine because of its excellent physical properties. The objective of this study was to synthesize and characterize a novel BFC that allows for the labeling of antibodies and antibody fragments using the 99mTc(CO)3+ core which forms a very stable complex with 99mTc in the +1 oxidation sate. This study reports the synthesis of a BFC 1-pyrrolidinyl-2,5-dione-11-(bis((1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)amino)undecanoic acid (SAAC-CIM NHS ester), and the in vitro and in vivo evaluation of 99mTc(CO)3-SAAC-CIM-DLO6-(scFv)2 (99mTc(CO)3-DLO6-(scFv)2), a domain I/II-specific anti-epidermal growth factor receptor I (anti-EGFR) antibody fragment. The chelator allowed radiolabeling the (scFv)2 antibody fragment in very mild conditions with no significant decrease in binding to EGFR. Radiochemical yields of >50% (radiochemical purity > 95%) of the resulting anti-EGFR (scFv)2 immunoconjugate 99mTc(CO)3-DLO6-(scFv)2 was obtained. The radioimmunoconjugate was stable in histidine challenge experiments with less than 20% transchelation at 24 h after challenge in the presence of a 1500-fold excess of histidine. In vivo biodistribution of 99mTc(CO)3-DLO6-(scFv)2 indicates that the tracer was mainly cleared via renal excretion and to a lesser extent via the hepatobiliary pathway. The microSPECT imaging studies performed in mice confirmed the in vitro affinity results. The 99mTc(CO)3-DLO6-(scFv)2 shows some promising properties and warrants further investigation for imaging EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswas Raja Solomon
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), The Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Carolina Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Elahe Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), The Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Wendy Bernhard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Siddesh V Hartimath
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), The Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kris Barreto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Clarence Ronald Geyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), The Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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Chekol R, Solomon VR, Alizadeh E, Bernhard W, Fisher D, Hill W, Barreto K, DeCoteau JF, Parada AC, Geyer CR, Fonge H. 89Zr-nimotuzumab for immunoPET imaging of epidermal growth factor receptor I. Oncotarget 2018; 9:17117-17132. [PMID: 29682209 PMCID: PMC5908310 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) upregulation is associated with enhanced proliferation and drug resistance in a number of cancers. Nimotuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody with high affinity for EGFR. The objective of this study was to determine if 89Zr-DFO-nimotuzumab could be suitable for human use as a PET probe for quantifying EGFR in vivo. Methods To evaluate the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, microPET imaging, radiation dosimetry, and normal tissue toxicity in tumor and non-tumor bearing mice of 89Zr-desferoxamine-nimotuzumab (89Zr-DFO-nimotuzumab) of a product prepared under GMP conditions. Nimotuzumab was conjugated to DFO and radiolabeled with 89Zr. 89Zr-DFO-nimotuzumab was characterized by in vitro gel-electrophoresis, biolayer interferometry (BLI) and flow cytometry. 89Zr-DFO-nimotuzumab was evaluated in vivo by microPET and ex vivo by biodistribution in healthy and EGFR-positive tumor bearing mice. Results Flow cytometry with A431 cells showed no significant difference in the dissociation constant of nimotuzumab (13 ± 2 nM) compared with DFO-nimotuzumab (17 ± 4 nM). PET imaging in mice xenografts showed persistently high tumor uptake with the highest uptake obtained in DLD-1 xenograft (18.3 %IA/cc) at 168 hp.i. The projected human effective dose was low and was 0.184 mSv/MBq (0.679 rem/mCi) in females and 0.205 mSv/MBq (0.757 rem/mCi) in males. There was no apparent normal tissue toxicity as shown by cell blood counts and blood biochemistry analyses at 168-fold and 25-fold excess of the projected human radioactive and mass dose of the agent. Conclusion 89Zr-DFO-nimotuzumab had low organ absorbed dose and effective dose that makes it suitable for potential human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufael Chekol
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), The Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), The Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Elahe Alizadeh
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), The Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Wendy Bernhard
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Darrell Fisher
- Versant Medical Physics and Radiation Safety, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wayne Hill
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kris Barreto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - John Francis DeCoteau
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | | | - Clarence Ronald Geyer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Saskatchewan, College of Medicine, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Saskatchewan Centre for Cyclotron Sciences (SCCS), The Fedoruk Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital Saskatoon, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Itoh Y, Aihara K, Mellini P, Tojo T, Ota Y, Tsumoto H, Solomon VR, Zhan P, Suzuki M, Ogasawara D, Shigenaga A, Inokuma T, Nakagawa H, Miyata N, Mizukami T, Otaka A, Suzuki T. Identification of SNAIL1 Peptide-Based Irreversible Lysine-Specific Demethylase 1-Selective Inactivators. J Med Chem 2016; 59:1531-44. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Itoh
- Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-0823, Japan
| | - Keisuke Aihara
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Paolo Mellini
- Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-0823, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tojo
- Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-0823, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ota
- Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-0823, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tsumoto
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-Cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Viswas Raja Solomon
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1
Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8603, Japan
| | - Peng Zhan
- Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-0823, Japan
| | - Miki Suzuki
- Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-0823, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ogasawara
- Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-0823, Japan
| | - Akira Shigenaga
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Inokuma
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Nakagawa
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1
Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8603, Japan
| | - Naoki Miyata
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1
Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tamio Mizukami
- Graduate
School of Bio-Science, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266 Tamura-cho, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Shomachi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Graduate
School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamohangi-Cho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-0823, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science
and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8
Honcho Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Alagarsamy V, Solomon VR, Sulthana MT, Vijay MS, Narendhar B. Design and synthesis of quinazolinyl acetamides for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2015-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
A variety of novel 2-(substituted)-N-(4-oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(3H)-yl)acetamides were synthesized by the reaction of 2-chloro-N-(4-oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(3H)-yl)acetamide with various amines. The starting material, 2-chloro-N-(4-oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(3H)-yl)acetamide, was synthesized from anthranilic acid by the multistep process. The title compounds were investigated for analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and ulcerogenic index activities. Among those, the compound 2-(ethylamino)-N-(4-oxo-2-phenylquinazolin-3(3H)-yl)acetamide (V9) showed most potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the series and it is moderately more potent compared to the reference standard diclofenac sodium. Interestingly, the test compounds showed only mild ulcerogenic potential compared to aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerachamy Alagarsamy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, MNR Nagar, Sangareddy-502 294, Telangana, India
| | | | | | - Meduri Satyasai Vijay
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, MNR Nagar, Sangareddy-502 294, Telangana, India
| | - Bandi Narendhar
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, MNR College of Pharmacy, MNR Nagar, Sangareddy-502 294, Telangana, India
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Gobinath M, Subramanian N, Alagarsamy V, Nivedhitha S, Solomon VR. Synthesis of 1-Substituted-4-(Pyridin-4-yl) [1,2,4] Triazolo [4,3-a] Quinazolin-5(4H)-ones as a New Class of H1- Antihistaminic Agents. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i2.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Karthikeyan C, Solomon VR, Lee H, Trivedi P. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of some isatin-linked chalcones as novel anti-breast cancer agents: A molecular hybridization approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bionut.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Quinoline (1-azanaphthalene) is a heterocyclic aromatic nitrogen compound characterized by a double-ring structure that contains a benzene ring fused to pyridine at two adjacent carbon atoms. Quinoline compounds are widely used as "parental" compounds to synthesize molecules with medical benefits, especially with anti-malarial and anti-microbial activities. Certain quinoline-based compounds also show effective anticancer activity. This broad spectrum of biological and biochemical activities has been further facilitated by the synthetic versatility of quinoline, which allows the generation of a large number of structurally diverse derivatives. This includes numerous analogues derived from substitution of the quinoline ring system, and derivatization of quinoline ring structure. Quinoline and its analogs have recently been examined for their modes of function in the inhibition of tyrosine kinases, proteasome, tubulin polymerization and DNA repair. In this review, we have summarized our knowledge on quinoline compounds with respect to their anticancer activities, mechanisms of action, structure-activity relationship (SAR), and selective and specific activity against various cancer drug targets. In particular, we focus our review on in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities of quinoline and its analogs in the context of cancer drug development and refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Solomon
- Tumour Biology Group, Northeastern Ontario Regional Cancer Program at the Sudbury Regional Hospital, 41 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 5J1, Canada
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Patel K, Karthikeyan C, Raja Solomon V, S. Hari Narayana Moorthy N, Lee H, Sahu K, Singh Deora G, Trivedi P. Synthesis of Some Coumarinyl Chalcones and their Antiproliferative Activity Against Breast Cancer Cell Lines. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2011. [DOI: 10.2174/157018011794839475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Solomon VR, Haq W, Smilkstein M, Srivastava K, Puri SK, Katti SB. 4-Aminoquinoline derived antimalarials: synthesis, antiplasmodial activity and heme polymerization inhibition studies. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:4990-6. [PMID: 20805010 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 4-aminoquinoline derivatives have been synthesized and found to be active against both susceptible and resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Compound 1-[3-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-ylamino)-propyl]-3-cyclopropyl-thiourea (7) exhibited superior in vitro activity against resistant strains of P. falciparum as compared to chloroquine (CQ). All the compounds showed resistance factor between 0.59 and 4.31 as against 5.05 for CQ. Spectroscopic studies suggested that this class of compounds act on heme polymerization target.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Solomon
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, MG Road, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Solomon VR, Hu C, Lee H. Design and synthesis of chloroquine analogs with anti-breast cancer property. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:3916-23. [PMID: 20561720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of chloroquine (CQ) analogs were designed and synthesized in a repositioning approach to develop compounds with high anti-breast cancer property. The compounds were then examined for their antiproliferative effects on two human breast tumor cell lines and a matching non-cancer cell line. Although many of them showed substantial antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cells examined, two compounds, 7-chloro-N-(3-(4-(7-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)quinolin-4-amine (14) and {3-[4-(7-chloro-quinolin-4-yl)-piperazin-1-yl]-propyl}-(7-trifluoromethyl-quinolin-4-yl)-amine (26), emerged as the most active among this series. They were particularly potent against MCF7 cells when compared to CQ and cisplatin, a widely prescribed anti-cancer drug. The results suggest that these CQ analogs could serve as bases for the development of a new group of effective cancer chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Solomon
- Tumour Biology Group, Northeastern Ontario Regional Cancer Program at the Sudbury Regional Hospital, 41 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 5J1, Canada
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Alagarsamy V, Solomon VR, Murugesan S. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of some 3-(2-methylphenyl)-2-substituted amino-quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as analgesic and antiinflammatory agents. Arzneimittelforschung 2008; 58:174-81. [PMID: 18540479 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1296489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
A variety of novel 3-(2-methylphenyl)-2-substituted amino-quinazolin-4(3H)-ones were synthesized by reacting the amino group of 2-hydrazino-3-(2-methylphenyl)-quinazolin-4(3H)-one with a variety of aldehydes and ketones. The starting material 2-hydrazino-3-(2-methylphenyl)-quinazolin-4(3H)-one was synthesized from 2-methyl aniline. The title compounds were investigated for analgesic, anti-inflammatory and ulcerogenic index activities. Among these, the compound 2-(1-ethylpropylidene)-hydrazino-3-(2-methylphenyl)-quinazolin-4(3H)-one emerged as the most active compound for analgesic activity, while the compound 2-(1-methylbutylidene)-hydrazino-3-(2-methylphenyl)-quinazolin-4(3H)-one showed most potent anti-inflamma-tory activity of the series and was moderately more potent in its anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the reference standard diclofenac sodium (CAS 15307-86-5). Interestingly, the test compounds showed only mild ulcerogenic potential when compared to acetylsalicylic acid (CAS No: 50-78-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerachamy Alagarsamy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Dayananda Sagar College of Pharmacy, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bangalore-560 078, India.
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Alagarsamy V, Solomon VR, Murugan M. Synthesis and pharmacological investigation of novel 4-benzyl-1-substituted-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5-ones as new class of H1-antihistaminic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:4009-15. [PMID: 17452107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Revised: 03/31/2007] [Accepted: 04/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 1-substituted-4-benzyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5-ones were synthesized by the cyclization of 2-hydrazino-3-benzyl-3H-quinazolin-4-one with various one-carbon donors. The starting material 2-hydrazino-3-benzyl-3H-quinazolin-4-one was synthesized from benzylamine by a new innovative route. When tested for their in vivo H1 -antihistaminic activity on guinea pigs, all the test compounds protected the animals from histamine induced bronchospasm significantly. The compound 1-methyl-4-benzyl-4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinazolin-5-one (II) emerged as the most active compound of the series and it is more potent (percent protection 76%) when compared to the reference standard chlorpheniramine maleate (percent protection 71%). Compound II showed negligible sedation (7%) when compared to chlorpheniramine maleate (30%). Hence it could serve as prototype molecule for further development as a new class of H1 -antihistamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Alagarsamy
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Dayananda Sagar College of Pharmacy, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bangalore 560 078, India.
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Alagarsamy V, Shankar D, Solomon VR. Synthesis of some novel 2-mercapto-3-(substituted amino)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-benzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-ones as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. ARKIVOC 2007. [DOI: 10.3998/ark.5550190.0007.g16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Alagarsamy V, Meena S, Ramseshu KV, Solomon VR, Thirumurugan K, Dhanabal K, Murugan M. Synthesis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, ulcerogenic index and antibacterial activities of novel 2-methylthio-3-substituted-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones. Eur J Med Chem 2006; 41:1293-300. [PMID: 16928409 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2006.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2005] [Revised: 06/12/2006] [Accepted: 06/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A variety of novel 2-methylthio-3-substituted-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones have been synthesized by reacting (2-methylthio-4-oxo-3H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)dithiocarbamic acid methyl ester (5) with a variety of amines. The starting material dithiocarbamate (5) was synthesized from 2-amino-3-carbethoxy-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thiophene (1) by a novel innovative route. The title compounds were investigated for analgesic, anti-inflammatory, ulcerogenicity index and antibacterial activities. While the test compounds exhibited significant activity, the compounds 1-methyl-3-(2-methylthio-4-oxo-3H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)thiourea (A1), 1-dimethyl-3-(2-methylthio-4-oxo-3H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)thiourea (A2), 1-diethyl-3-(2-methylthio-4-oxo-3H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)thiourea (A3) and 1-pyrrolidinyl-3-(2-methylthio-4-oxo-3H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)thiourea (A4) showed more potent analgesic activity and the compounds 1-dimethyl-3-(2-methylthio-4-oxo-3H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)thiourea (A2), 1-diethyl-3-(2-methylthio-4-oxo-3H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno-[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)thiourea (A3) and 1-pyrrolidinyl-3-(2-methylthio-4-oxo-3H-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo (b) thieno[2,3-d] pyrimidin-3-yl)thiourea (A4) showed more potent anti-inflammatory activity than the reference standard diclofenac sodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Alagarsamy
- Medicinal Chemistry R&D Laboratory, Arulmigu Kalasalingam College of Pharmacy, Anand Nagar, Krishnankovil, India.
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