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Hajj‐Boutros G, Sonjak V, Faust A, Balram S, Lagacé J, St‐Martin P, Divsalar DN, Sadeghian F, Liu‐Ambrose T, Blaber AP, Dionne IJ, Duchesne S, Kontulainen S, Theou O, Morais JA. Myths and Methodologies: Understanding the health impact of head down bedrest for the benefit of older adults and astronauts. Study protocol of the Canadian Bedrest Study. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:812-827. [PMID: 38372420 PMCID: PMC11061626 DOI: 10.1113/ep091473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Weightlessness during spaceflight can harm various bodily systems, including bone density, muscle mass, strength and cognitive functions. Exercise appears to somewhat counteract these effects. A terrestrial model for this is head-down bedrest (HDBR), simulating gravity loss. This mirrors challenges faced by older adults in extended bedrest and space environments. The first Canadian study, backed by the Canadian Space Agency, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and Canadian Frailty Network, aims to explore these issues. The study seeks to: (1) scrutinize the impact of 14-day HDBR on physiological, psychological and neurocognitive systems, and (2) assess the benefits of exercise during HDBR. Eight teams developed distinct protocols, harmonized in three videoconferences, at the McGill University Health Center. Over 26 days, 23 participants aged 55-65 underwent baseline measurements, 14 days of -6° HDBR, and 7 days of recovery. Half did prescribed exercise thrice daily combining resistance and endurance exercise for a total duration of 1 h. Assessments included demographics, cardiorespiratory fitness, bone health, body composition, quality of life, mental health, cognition, muscle health and biomarkers. This study has yielded some published outcomes, with more forthcoming. Findings will enrich our comprehension of HDBR effects, guiding future strategies for astronaut well-being and aiding bedrest-bound older adults. By outlining evidence-based interventions, this research supports both space travellers and those enduring prolonged bedrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Hajj‐Boutros
- Research Institute of McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Vita Sonjak
- Research Institute of McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Andréa Faust
- Research Institute of McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Sharmila Balram
- Research Institute of McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
| | - Jean‐Christophe Lagacé
- Faculté des Sciences de l'activité physique, Centre de recherche sur le VieillissementUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada
| | - Philippe St‐Martin
- Faculté des Sciences de l'activité physique, Centre de recherche sur le VieillissementUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada
| | - Donya Naz Divsalar
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and KinesiologySimon Fraser UniversityGreater VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Farshid Sadeghian
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and KinesiologySimon Fraser UniversityGreater VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Teresa Liu‐Ambrose
- Aging, Mobility and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Health Research InstituteVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
- Centre for Hip Health and MobilityVancouver Coastal Health Research InstituteVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Andrew P. Blaber
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and KinesiologySimon Fraser UniversityGreater VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Isabelle J. Dionne
- Faculté des Sciences de l'activité physique, Centre de recherche sur le VieillissementUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuebecCanada
| | - Simon Duchesne
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineUniversité LavalQuebec CityQuebecCanada
- CERVO Brain Research CenterQuebec CityQuebecCanada
| | - Saija Kontulainen
- College of KinesiologyUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSaskatchewanCanada
| | - Olga Theou
- Physiotherapy and Geriatric MedicineDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - José A. Morais
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontréalQuebecCanada
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Hajj-Boutros G, Sonjak V, Faust A, Hedge E, Mastrandrea C, Lagacé JC, St-Martin P, Naz Divsalar D, Sadeghian F, Chevalier S, Liu-Ambrose T, Blaber AP, Dionne IJ, Duchesne S, Hughson R, Kontulainen S, Theou O, Morais JA. Impact of 14 Days of Bed Rest in Older Adults and an Exercise Countermeasure on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, and Cardiovascular Function: Canadian Space Agency Standard Measures. Gerontology 2023; 69:1284-1294. [PMID: 37717560 PMCID: PMC10634275 DOI: 10.1159/000534063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Head-down bed rest (HDBR) has long been used as an analog to microgravity, and it also enables studying the changes occurring with aging. Exercise is the most effective countermeasure for the deleterious effects of inactivity. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an exercise countermeasure in healthy older participants on attenuating musculoskeletal deconditioning, cardiovascular fitness level, and muscle strength during 14 days of HDBR as part of the standard measures of the Canadian Space Agency. METHODS Twenty-three participants (12 males and 11 females), aged 55-65 years, were admitted for a 26-day inpatient stay at the McGill University Health Centre. After 5 days of baseline assessment tests, they underwent 14 days of continuous HDBR followed by 7 days of recovery with repeated tests. Participants were randomized to passive physiotherapy or an exercise countermeasure during the HDBR period consisting of 3 sessions per day of either high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or low-intensity cycling or strength exercises for the lower and upper body. Peak aerobic power (V̇O2peak) was determined using indirect calorimetry. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and several muscle group strengths were evaluated using an adjustable chair dynamometer. A vertical jump was used to assess whole-body power output, and a tilt test was used to measure cardiovascular and orthostatic challenges. Additionally, changes in various blood parameters were measured as well as the effects of exercise countermeasure on these measurements. RESULTS There were no differences at baseline in main characteristics between the control and exercise groups. The exercise group maintained V̇O2peak levels similar to baseline, whereas it decreased in the control group following 14 days of HDBR. Body weight significantly decreased in both groups. Total and leg lean masses decreased in both groups. However, total body fat mass decreased only in the exercise group. Isometric and isokinetic knee extension muscle strength were significantly reduced in both groups. Peak velocity, flight height, and flight time were significantly reduced in both groups with HDBR. CONCLUSION In this first Canadian HDBR study in older adults, an exercise countermeasure helped maintain aerobic fitness and lean body mass without affecting the reduction of knee extension strength. However, it was ineffective in protecting against orthostatic intolerance. These results support HIIT as a promising approach to preserve astronaut health and functioning during space missions, and to prevent deconditioning as a result of hospitalization in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Hajj-Boutros
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada,
| | - Vita Sonjak
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andréa Faust
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Eric Hedge
- Department of Kinesiology, Schlegel-University of Waterloo Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carmelo Mastrandrea
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Lagacé
- Faculté des Sciences de l'activité Physique, Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe St-Martin
- Faculté des Sciences de l'activité Physique, Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Donya Naz Divsalar
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Aerospace Physiology Laboratory, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Farshid Sadeghian
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Aerospace Physiology Laboratory, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Chevalier
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Aging, Mobility and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew P Blaber
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Aerospace Physiology Laboratory, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Isabelle J Dionne
- Faculté des Sciences de l'activité Physique, Centre de Recherche sur le Vieillissement, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Simon Duchesne
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
- CERVO Brain Research Center, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard Hughson
- Department of Kinesiology, Schlegel-University of Waterloo Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saija Kontulainen
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Olga Theou
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - José A Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Hajj-Boutros G, Karelis AD, Cefis M, Morais JA, Casgrain J, Gouspillou G, Sonjak V. Potential mechanisms involved in regulating muscle protein turnover after acute exercise: A brief review. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1106425. [PMID: 36699675 PMCID: PMC9870712 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1106425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that resistance training increases muscle mass. Indeed, there is evidence to suggest that a single session of resistance training is associated with an increase in muscle protein synthesis in young adults. However, the fundamental mechanisms that are involved in regulating muscle protein turnover rates after an acute bout of physical exercise are unclear. Therefore, this review will briefly focus on summarizing the potential mechanisms behind the growth of skeletal muscle after physical exercise. We also present mechanistic differences that may exist between young and older individuals during muscle protein synthesis and breakdown after physical exercise. Pathways leading to the activation of AKT/mTOR signals after resistance exercise and the activation of AMPK signaling pathway following a HIIT (High intensity interval training) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Hajj-Boutros
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (MUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Antony D. Karelis
- Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marina Cefis
- Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - José A. Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (MUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada,Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Juliette Casgrain
- Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Gouspillou
- Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vita Sonjak
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center (MUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Vita Sonjak,
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Hedge ET, Patterson CA, Mastrandrea CJ, Sonjak V, Hajj-Boutros G, Faust A, Morais JA, Hughson RL. Implementation of exercise countermeasures during spaceflight and microgravity analogue studies: Developing countermeasure protocols for bedrest in older adults (BROA). Front Physiol 2022; 13:928313. [PMID: 36017336 PMCID: PMC9395735 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.928313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the development of countermeasures to attenuate the negative consequences of prolonged exposure to microgravity on astronauts’ bodies. Deconditioning of several organ systems during flight includes losses to cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle mass, bone density and strength. Similar deconditioning also occurs during prolonged bedrest; any protracted time immobile or inactive, especially for unwell older adults (e.g., confined to hospital beds), can lead to similar detrimental health consequences. Due to limitations in physiological research in space, the six-degree head-down tilt bedrest protocol was developed as ground-based analogue to spaceflight. A variety of exercise countermeasures have been tested as interventions to limit detrimental changes and physiological deconditioning of the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. The Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Canadian Space Agency recently provided funding for research focused on Understanding the Health Impact of Inactivity to study the efficacy of exercise countermeasures in a 14-day randomized clinical trial of six-degree head-down tilt bedrest study in older adults aged 55–65 years old (BROA). Here we will describe the development of a multi-modality countermeasure protocol for the BROA campaign that includes upper- and lower-body resistance exercise and head-down tilt cycle ergometry (high-intensity interval and continuous aerobic exercise training). We provide reasoning for the choice of these modalities following review of the latest available information on exercise as a countermeasure for inactivity and spaceflight-related deconditioning. In summary, this paper sets out to review up-to-date exercise countermeasure research from spaceflight and head-down bedrest studies, whilst providing support for the proposed research countermeasure protocols developed for the bedrest study in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Hedge
- Schlegel-University of Waterloo Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Vita Sonjak
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Hajj-Boutros
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andréa Faust
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - José A. Morais
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Richard L. Hughson
- Schlegel-University of Waterloo Research Institute for Aging, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Richard L. Hughson,
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Jacob KJ, Sonjak V, Spendiff S, Hepple RT, Chevalier S, Perez A, Morais JA. Mitochondrial Content, but Not Function, Is Altered With a Multimodal Resistance Training Protocol and Adequate Protein Intake in Leucine-Supplemented Pre/Frail Women. Front Nutr 2021; 7:619216. [PMID: 33553232 PMCID: PMC7862128 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.619216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Frailty is a clinical condition associated with loss of muscle mass and strength (sarcopenia). Mitochondria are centrally implicated in frailty and sarcopenia. Leucine (Leu) can alter mitochondrial content in myocytes, while resistance training (RT) is the strongest stimulus to counteract sarcopenia and may enhance mitochondrial biogenesis. Objective: We determined the effects of Leu supplementation and RT on mitochondrial content and function in pre/frail elderly women in a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study. Methods: Nineteen pre/frail elderly women (77.5 ± 1.3 y, BMI: 25.1 ± 0.9 kg/m2), based on the Frailty Phenotype, underwent 3-months of RT 3×/week with protein-optimized diet and were randomized to 7.5 g/d of Leu supplementation or placebo alanine (Ala). Pre/post-intervention mitochondrial respiration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, calcium retention capacity (CRC), time to permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) protein content, leg press 1-repetition maximum (1RM), and 6-min walk test (6MWT) were measured. Results: No time, supplementation, or interaction effects were observed for respiration, ROS, time to mPTP opening, and CRC. VDAC levels significantly increased in the Leu group post-intervention (p = 0.012). Both groups significantly increased leg press 1RM and 6MWT, with no effect of supplementation. Discussion: Leu supplementation with 3 months of RT increased mitochondrial content. Future studies should investigate if there is an increase in mitochondrial turnover or a shift in quality control (mitophagy) in leucine supplemented pre/frail elderly women who undergo 12 weeks of RT. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT01922167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn J Jacob
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vita Sonjak
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, Department of Physiology & Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Stéphanie Chevalier
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, MUHC-Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anna Perez
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - José A Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, MUHC-Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Sonjak V, Jacob K, Morais JA, Rivera-Zengotita M, Spendiff S, Spake C, Taivassalo T, Chevalier S, Hepple RT. Fidelity of muscle fibre reinnervation modulates ageing muscle impact in elderly women. J Physiol 2019; 597:5009-5023. [PMID: 31368533 DOI: 10.1113/jp278261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Susceptibility to age-related muscle atrophy relates to the degree of muscle denervation and the capacity of successful reinnervation. However, the specific role of denervation as a determinant of the severity of muscle aging between populations with low versus high physical function has not been addressed. We show that prefrail/frail elderly women exhibited marked features of muscle denervation, whereas world class octogenarian female master athletes showed attenuated indices of denervation and greater reinnervation capacity. These findings suggest that the difference in age-related muscle impact between low- and high-functioning elderly women is the robustness of the response to denervation of myofibers. ABSTRACT Ageing muscle degeneration is a key contributor to physical frailty; however, the factors responsible for exacerbated vs. muted ageing muscle impact are largely unknown. Based upon evidence that susceptibility to neurogenic impact is an important determinant of the severity of ageing muscle degeneration, we aimed to determine the presence and extent of denervation in pre-frail/frail elderly (FE, 77.9 ± 6.2 years) women compared to young physically inactive (YI, 24.0 ± 3.5 years) females, and contrast these findings to high-functioning world class octogenarian female masters athletes (MA, 80.9 ± 6.6 years). Muscle biopsies from vastus lateralis muscle were obtained from all three groups to assess denervation-related morphological and transcriptional markers. The FE group displayed marked grouping of slow fibres, accumulation of very small myofibres, a severe reduction in type IIa/I size ratio, highly variable inter-subject accumulation of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)-positive myofibres, and an accumulation of pyknotic nuclei, indicative of recurring cycles of denervation/reinnervation and persistent denervation. The MA group exhibited a smaller decline in type IIa/I size ratio and fewer pyknotic nuclei, accompanied by a higher degree of type I fibre grouping and larger fibre group size, suggesting a greater reinnervation of denervated fibres. Consistent with this interpretation, MA had higher mRNA levels of the reinnervation-promoting cytokine fibroblast growth factor binding protein 1 (FGFBP1) than FE. Our results indicate that the muscle of FE women has significant neurogenic atrophy, whereas MA muscle exhibit superior reinnervation capacity, suggesting that the difference in age-related muscle impact between low- and high-functioning elderly women is the robustness of the response to denervation of myofibres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Sonjak
- Department of Kinesiology & Physical Education, McGill University, 475 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, Quebec, H2W1S4, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, H4A3J1, Canada
| | - Kathryn Jacob
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, H4A3J1, Canada
| | - José A Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, H4A3J1, Canada.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1A4, Canada.,School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Dr, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X3L9, Canada
| | - Marie Rivera-Zengotita
- Department of Pathology Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, 401 Smyth Rd, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Carole Spake
- Medical School, Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Tanja Taivassalo
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA
| | - Stéphanie Chevalier
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, H4A3J1, Canada.,Division of Geriatric Medicine, McGill University, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H3G1A4, Canada.,School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Dr, Saint-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, H9X3L9, Canada
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL, 32603, USA.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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Sonjak V, Jacob K, Morais J, Spendiff S, Spake C, Rivera‐Zengotita M, Taivassalo T, Chevalier S, Hepple R. Fidelity of Reinnervation Modulates Susceptibility to Aging Muscle Impact and Frailty in Elderly Women. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.lb647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vita Sonjak
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical educationMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
| | - Kathryn Jacob
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
- Division of Experimental MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
| | - Jose Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
- Division of Geriatric MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
- School of Human NutritionMcGill UniversitySte‐Annede‐BellevueQCCanada
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteUniversity of OttawaOttawaONCanada
| | | | - Marie Rivera‐Zengotita
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory MedicineUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL
| | - Tanja Taivassalo
- Department of Physiology and Functional GenomicsUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL
| | - Stéphanie Chevalier
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health CentreMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
- Division of Geriatric MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
- School of Human NutritionMcGill UniversitySte‐Annede‐BellevueQCCanada
| | - Russell Hepple
- Department of Physical TherapyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL
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Sonjak V, Jacob KJ, Spendiff S, Vuda M, Perez A, Miguez K, Minozzo FC, Spake C, Morais JA, Hepple RT. Reduced Mitochondrial Content, Elevated Reactive Oxygen Species, and Modulation by Denervation in Skeletal Muscle of Prefrail or Frail Elderly Women. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:1887-1895. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Denervation and mitochondrial impairment are implicated in age-related skeletal muscle atrophy and may play a role in physical frailty. We recently showed that denervation modulates muscle mitochondrial function in octogenarian men, but this has not been examined in elderly women. On this basis, we tested the hypothesis that denervation plays a modulating role in mitochondrial impairment in skeletal muscle from prefrail or frail elderly (FE) women. Mitochondrial respiratory capacity and reactive oxygen species emission were examined in permeabilized myofibers obtained from vastus lateralis muscle biopsies from FE and young inactive women. Muscle respiratory capacity was reduced in proportion to a reduction in a mitochondrial marker protein in FE, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species emission was elevated in FE versus young inactive group. Consistent with a significant accumulation of neural cell adhesion molecule-positive muscle fibers in FE (indicative of denervation), a 50% reduction in reactive oxygen species production after pharmacologically inhibiting the denervation-mediated reactive oxygen species response in FE women suggests a significant modulation of mitochondrial function by denervation. In conclusion, our data support the hypothesis that denervation plays a modulating role in skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in FE women, suggesting therapeutic strategies in advanced age should focus on the causes and treatment of denervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vita Sonjak
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Kathryn J Jacob
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Sally Spendiff
- Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Canada
| | - Madhusudanarao Vuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Anna Perez
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
| | - Kayla Miguez
- McGill University, Grande Prairie Regional College, Canada
| | - Fabio C Minozzo
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Grande Prairie Regional College, Canada
| | - Carole Spake
- Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - José A Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professionals, University of Florida, Gainesville
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
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Kapchinsky S, Vuda M, Miguez K, Elkrief D, de Souza AR, Baglole CJ, Aare S, MacMillan NJ, Baril J, Rozakis P, Sonjak V, Pion C, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Morais JA, Jagoe RT, Bourbeau J, Taivassalo T, Hepple RT. Smoke-induced neuromuscular junction degeneration precedes the fibre type shift and atrophy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Physiol 2018; 596:2865-2881. [PMID: 29663403 DOI: 10.1113/jp275558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is largely caused by smoking, and patient limb muscle exhibits a fast fibre shift and atrophy. We show that this fast fibre shift is associated with type grouping, suggesting recurring cycles of denervation-reinnervation underlie the type shift. Compared to patients with normal fat-free mass index (FFMI), patients with low FFMI exhibited an exacerbated fibre type shift, marked accumulation of very small persistently denervated muscle fibres, and a blunted denervation-responsive transcript profile, suggesting failed denervation precipitates muscle atrophy in patients with low FFMI. Sixteen weeks of passive tobacco smoke exposure in mice caused neuromuscular junction degeneration, consistent with a key role for smoke exposure in initiating denervation in COPD. ABSTRACT A neurological basis for the fast fibre shift and atrophy seen in limb muscle of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been considered previously. The objective of our study was: (1) to determine if denervation contributes to fast fibre shift and muscle atrophy in COPD; and (2) to assess using a preclinical smoking mouse model whether chronic tobacco smoke (TS) exposure could initiate denervation by causing neuromuscular junction (NMJ) degeneration. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained from severe COPD patients [n = 10 with low fat-free mass index (FFMI), 65 years; n = 15 normal FFMI, 65 years) and healthy age- and activity-matched non-smoker control subjects (CON; n = 11, 67 years), to evaluate morphological and transcriptional markers of denervation. To evaluate the potential for chronic TS exposure to initiate these changes, we examined NMJ morphology in male adult mice following 16 weeks of passive TS exposure. We observed a high proportion of grouped fast fibres and a denervation transcript profile in COPD patients, suggesting that motor unit remodelling drives the fast fibre type shift in COPD patient limb muscle. A further exacerbation of fast fibre grouping in patients with low FFMI, coupled with blunted reinnervation signals, accumulation of very small non-specific esterase hyperactive fibres and neural cell adhesion molecule-positive type I and type II fibres, suggests denervation-induced exhaustion of reinnervation contributes to muscle atrophy in COPD. Evidence from a smoking mouse model showed significant NMJ degeneration, suggesting that recurring denervation in COPD is probably caused by decades of chronic TS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Kapchinsky
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Madhusudanarao Vuda
- Meakins Christie Laboratories and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kayla Miguez
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Meakins Christie Laboratories and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Daren Elkrief
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Meakins Christie Laboratories and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Angela R de Souza
- Meakins Christie Laboratories and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Meakins Christie Laboratories and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sudhakar Aare
- Meakins Christie Laboratories and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Norah J MacMillan
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Paul Rozakis
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vita Sonjak
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Charlotte Pion
- Departement des sciences de l'activite physique; GRAPA, Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Quebec a Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'institut universitaire de geriatrie de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mylène Aubertin-Leheudre
- Departement des sciences de l'activite physique; GRAPA, Faculte des Sciences, Universite de Quebec a Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'institut universitaire de geriatrie de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jose A Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - R Thomas Jagoe
- McGill Cancer Nutrition Rehabilitation Program and Peter Brojde Lung Cancer Center, Segal Cancer Centre, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Tanja Taivassalo
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Meakins Christie Laboratories and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, USA
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