Unrelenting Infection of Implanted Prosthetic Hip Joint by Corynebacterium striatum

Non-diphtherial Corynebacterial (NDC) species, while previously considered as culture contaminants, are increasingly being implicated in clinical disease and identified as causes of opportunistic infections. In cases where they grow in pure cultures, isolated from a sterile site or repeated isolations from the same patient, NDC may be labeled as clinically significant. We report here a case of non-healing infection of one of the implanted devices in a case of bilateral total hip replacement, caused by multidrug-resistant Corynebacterium striatum. Adherence to infection prevention strategies is essential for the prevention of prosthetic implant infections.

Can an exostosis be free floating without any continuity to the underlying bone: A diagnostic dilemma

Osteochondroma or exostosis is the most common primary bone tumor containing both bone and cartilage. Soft tissue osteochondromas have been described at various locations, however, to the best of our knowledge, there is only a single case report of a soft tissue osteochondroma around the femoral neck. We, hereby report second such case.

CASE REPORT

A forty year old female presented with swelling on medial aspect of left thigh since four years. Radiographs showed a large mass at the inferior surface of the left femoral neck. CT scan revealed a well defined lobulated mass lesion involving muscles of adductor compartment of thigh. MRI showed lobulated periarticular, intramuscular, non enhancing lesion isointense to the bone, but without any continuity to the adjacent femur. Histopathology of the excised lesion turned out to be osteochondroma with origin from soft tissue. This case highlights an important differential diagnosis to be considered whenever an ossified mass is located in soft tissue.

Randomised comparison of pretensioning using cyclical loading and on tendon board for arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring autograft

OBJECTIVE

Pretensioning is usually done using two methods - manual cyclical loading and using tensioner with a tendon board. Both the methods are being used with little knowledge about the superiority of either method. This study was done with the objective of trying to find out the better method.

METHODS

A total of 50 patients were selected for the above mentioned study who were randomised into each of the two groups using chit system - In group A patients, cyclical loading was done by twenty times full flexion -extension movements but in group B patients, the graft was placed on a tensioner with 15 pounds tension for 10 minutes. All patients were operated by the same surgeon. The patients were put on a strict rehabilitation protocol. Patients were allowed to bear weight as tolerated. Patients returned for follow up at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. At each visit patients were followed with Lysholm's Score and ROLIMETER reading.

RESULTS

The ROLIMETER reading and Lysholm's score were seen to improve from preoperative to postoperative period and improved further over time with the progress of the rehabilitation protocol in both the groups. When compared to each other Group A i.e. patients pretensioned with cyclical loading had better Lysholm scores and ROLIMETER readings with the difference being statistically significant at all time periods except at 1 year when the difference between the ROLIMETER readings in the two groups were no more significant, though the difference of the Lysholms score was still found to be statistically significant.

CONCLUSION

It was concluded in this study that cyclical loading is a better method of pretensioning in ACL reconstruction than tensioner on tendon board with 15 pounds of tension for 10 minutes.

Distal Femur Locking Plate: The Answer to All Distal Femoral Fractures

INTRODUCTION

Good results have been published by researchers with distal femur nail, dynamic condylar screw and even addition of a medial plate to a distal femur locking plate for treating distal femur fractures. By this study, we explore the capability of a distal femur locking plate to counter distal femur fractures of extra- articular, partial or intra- articular nature. Positive results have been published by various groups from all over the world.

AIM

To study the functional and radiological outcome of distal femoral fractures in skeletally mature patients treated by open reduction and internal fixation with distal femur locking plate.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This was a prospective study conducted from January 2012 to March 2014 at the Government Medical College and Hospital (GMCH) with a 2 year follow-up. Twenty five skeletally mature patients with post-traumatic distal femur fractures were included. Patients with open grade 3B and 3C distal femur fractures, according to the Gustilo- Anderson classification and pathological distal femur fractures were excluded from the study. Patients with any fracture other than the distal femur in the ipsilateral limb were excluded from the study. Follow-up at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years was carried out and evaluation was done according to the Neer scoring system. The statistical data analysis was carried out using SPSS version 20 (IBM, Chicago, USA). The p-value <0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS

Following all principles of fracture reduction, union was achieved in all patients with mean time to radiological union being 19 weeks. The mean Range of Motion (ROM) was 109 degrees with 20 patients having a Neer score graded as excellent to satisfactory. Our study had nine cases which required additional surgeries. Out of these, all nine cases required bone grafting, three also required antibiotic cement bead insertion initially. Three patients developed complications in the form of infection (two cases) and mal-union (one case) during the course of our study, but were completely treated by the end of the study.

CONCLUSION

Positive results can be obtained by distal femur locking plate alone as it is the main implant of choice for distal femur fractures of all varieties. Best outcome is expected if fracture fixation is done following all the basic principles of fracture fixation and taking benefit of the mechanical properties of a locking plate.

Neglected anterior dislocation of shoulder with large Hillsach's lesion & deficient glenoid: Treated by autogenous bone graft & modified Latarjet procedure

Neglected anterior dislocation of shoulder is rare in spite of the fact that the anterior dislocation of the shoulder is seen in around 90% of the acute cases. Most of the series of neglected dislocation describe posterior dislocation to be far more common.(1) (,2) We hereby report a case of the neglected anterior shoulder dislocation in a 15 year old boy who had a history of epilepsy. There was a large Hill Sachs lesion in humeral head which was impacted in glenoid inferiorly and glenoid was eburnated at that margin. The humeral head was reconstructed with a tricortical iliac graft. Glenoid was reconstructed by transfer of coracoids process of scapula to antero-inferior glenoid (modified Latarjet procedure). This case is unique because management of humeral head defect with bone graft is not mentioned in anterior dislocation.

Acute Compressive Ulnar Neuropathy In A Patient Of Dengue Fever: An Unusual Presentation

Introduction:

Dengue haemorrhagic fever is known for its haemorrhagic and neurologic complications. Neurologic complications are caused by three mechanism namely neurotropism, systemic complications causing encephalopathy and postinfectious immune-mediated mechanisms. However acute compressive neuropathy due to haemorrhage is not frequent and we could find no literature describing this

Case Report:

We report a case of acute compressive ulnar neuropathy due to peri neural hematoma, following an attempt at intravenous cannulation in the cubital fossa in a patient of dengue haemorrhagic fever with thrombocytopenia. Immediate fasciotomy and removal of haematoma was performed to relieve the symptoms.

Conclusion:

Compression neuropathies can be seen in dengue hemorrhagic fever and removal of compressing hematoma relieves symptoms

Two stage procedure for neglected transscaphoid perilunate dislocation

We report a two-staged surgical procedure for neglected 3 month old volar transscaphoid, transcapitate perilunate fracture dislocation wrist in an 18 year old right handed male student. The lunate with proximal scaphoid and proximal capitate maintained its articulation with distal end radius while the rest of carpal bones had dislocated volarly. In the first stage, bilateral uniplanar wrist distractor was applied with the aim of stretching soft tissue. In the next stage open reduction and internal fixation was done by a combined volar and dorsal approach augmented by pronator quadratus flap. At 3 years followup the patient was pain free and had a full range of supination pronation of the forearms and radial and ulnar deviation of wrist with 10° dorsiflexion deficit.