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G/meskel W, Desta K, Diriba R, Belachew M, Evans M, Cantarelli V, Urrego M, Sisay A, Gebreegziabxier A, Abera A. SARS-CoV-2 variant typing using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-based assays in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. IJID Reg 2024; 11:100363. [PMID: 38634071 PMCID: PMC11021353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the SARS-CoV-2 variants in the first four COVID-19 waves using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based variant detection in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using repository nasopharyngeal samples stored at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute COVID-19 testing laboratory. Stored positive samples were randomly selected from the first four waves based on their sample collection date. A total of 641 nasopharyngeal samples were selected and re-tested for SARS-CoV-2. RNA was extracted using nucleic acid purification instrument. Then, SARS-CoV-2 detection was carried out using 10 μl RNA and 20 μl reverse transcription-PCR fluorescent mix. Cycle threshold values <38 were considered positive. Results A total of 374 samples qualified for B.1.617 Lineage and six spike gene mutation variant typing kits. The variant typing kits identified 267 (71.4%) from the total qualifying samples. Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron were dominantly identified variants from waves I, II, III, and IV, respectively. From the total identified positive study samples, 243 of 267 (91%) of variants identified from samples had cycle threshold values <30. Conclusions The study data demonstrated that reverse transcription-PCR-based variant typing can provide additional screening opportunities where sequencing opportunity is inaccessible. The assays could be implemented in laboratories performing SARS-CoV-2 molecular testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wodneh G/meskel
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Kassu Desta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Regasa Diriba
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mahlet Belachew
- Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases Research Team, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Martin Evans
- Global Public Health Programs, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, USA
| | - Vlademir Cantarelli
- Global Public Health Programs, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, USA
| | - Maritza Urrego
- Global Public Health Programs, American Society for Microbiology, Washington, USA
| | - Abay Sisay
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, P.O.Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Adugna Abera
- Malaria and Neglected Tropical Diseases Research Team, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Ruttkay Pereira DR, Pereira MR, Rotta Pereira MB, Costa SS, Mott MP, Cantarelli V. Otopathogens in the middle ear and nasopharynx of children with recurrent acute otitis media. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 169:111552. [PMID: 37120991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to describe the microbiology of the middle ear and nasopharynx, determining the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in a group of children vaccinated with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) who underwent ventilation tube insertion for recurrent acute otitis media. METHODS We analyzed 278 middle ear effusion and 139 nasopharyngeal samples obtained from 139 children who underwent myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion for recurrent acute otitis media between June 2017 and June 2021. The children's ages ranged from 9 months to 9 years, 10 months, with a median of 21 months. The patients had no signs of acute otitis media or respiratory tract infection and were not on antibiotic therapy at the time of the procedure. The middle ear effusion and nasopharyngeal samples were collected with an Alden-Senturia aspirator and a swab, respectively. Bacteriological studies and multiplex PCR were performed for the detection of the three pathogens. Direct molecular determination of pneumococcal serotypes was performed by real-time PCR. The chi-square test was used to verify associations between categorical variables and measures of strength of association based on prevalence ratios, considering a 95% confidence interval a 5% significance level. RESULTS Vaccination coverage was 77.7% with the basic regimen plus booster dose and 22.3% with the basic regimen alone. Middle ear effusion culture identified H. influenzae in 27 children (19.4%), S. pneumoniae in 7 (5.0%), and M. catarrhalis in 7 (5.0%). PCR detected H. influenzae in 95 children (68.3%), S. pneumoniae in 52 (37.4%), and M. catarrhalis in 23 (16.5%), a three-to seven-fold increase compared to culture. In the nasopharynx, culture isolated H. influenzae in 28 children (20.1%), S. pneumoniae in 29 (20.9%), and M. catarrhalis in 12 (8.6%). PCR identified H. influenzae in 84 children (60.4%), S. pneumoniae in 58 (41.7%), and M. catarrhalis in 30 (21.5%), a two-to three-fold increase in detection. The most common pneumococcal serotype was 19A, both in the ears and the nasopharynx. In the ears, of the 52 children who had pneumococcus, 24 (46.2%) had serotype 19A. In the nasopharynx, of the 58 patients who had pneumococcus, 37 (63.8%) had serotype 19A. Of all 139 children, 53 (38.1%) had polymicrobial samples (more than 1 of the 3 otopathogens) in the nasopharynx. Of the 53 children who had polymicrobial samples in the nasopharynx, 47 (88.7%) also had 1 of the 3 otopathogens in the middle ear, mainly H. influenzae (40%-75.5%), especially when it was found in the nasopharynx in conjunction with S. pneumoniae. CONCLUSION The prevalence of bacteria in a group of Brazilian children immunized with the PCV who required ventilation tube insertion for recurrent acute otitis media was similar to that reported in other parts of the world after the advent of PCV. H. influenzae was the most frequent bacteria, both in the nasopharynx and the middle ear, while S. pneumoniae serotype 19A was the most common pneumococcus in the nasopharynx and middle ear. Polymicrobial colonization of the nasopharynx was strongly associated with detection of H. influenzae in the middle ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Rotta Ruttkay Pereira
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Manuel Ruttkay Pereira
- School of Medicine, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619900, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Sady Selaimen Costa
- School of Medicine, UFRGS, R. Ramiro Barcelos, 2400, 90035003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Preussler Mott
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, 90035903, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Vlademir Cantarelli
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), R. Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Pereira DRR, da Costa SS, Mott M, Cantarelli V, Pereira MBR, Pereira MAR. Pneumococcal prevalence in the media ear and nasopharynx of children with acute otitis media. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2022.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Gardinal R, Roberti Filho F, Koch J, Oliveira C, Mazzer B, Rocha A, Cantarelli V. 449 Effect of different nucleotides supplementation source on performance of newly weaned piglets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Gardinal
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | | | - J Koch
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | - C Oliveira
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | - B Mazzer
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | - A Rocha
- Biorigin Company, Lençóis Paulista, São Paulo,Brazil
| | - V Cantarelli
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Lavras,Lavras, Brazil
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Torres PJ, Luque EM, Ponzio MF, Cantarelli V, Diez M, Figueroa S, Vincenti LM, Carlini VP, Martini AC. The role of intragestational ghrelin on postnatal development and reproductive programming in mice. Reproduction 2018; 156:331-341. [PMID: 30306766 DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intragestational role of ghrelin in offspring development and reproductive programming in a mouse model of ghrelin imbalance during pregnancy. Female mice were injected with ghrelin (supraphysiological levels: 4 nmol/animal/day), antagonist (endogenous ghrelin inhibition with (D-Lys3)GHRP-6, 6 nmol/animal/day) or vehicle (control = normal ghrelin levels) throughout the pregnancy. Parameters evaluated in litters were growth, physical, neurobiological and sexual development and, at adulthood, reproductive function. Litter size and initial weight did not vary between treatments. Male pups from dams treated with ghrelin showed higher body weight increase until adulthood (31.7 ± 0.8 vs control = 29.7 ± 0.7, n = 11–14 litters/treatment; P < 0.05). Postnatal physical and neurobiological development was not modified by treatments. The antagonist accelerated male puberty onset, evidenced as earlier testis descent and increased relative testicular weight (antagonist = 0.5 ± 0.0% vs ghrelin = 0.4 ± 0.0% and control = 0.4 ± 0.0%, n = 5–10 litters/treatment; P < 0.05). At adulthood, these males exhibited lower relative testicular weight and reduced sperm motility (63.9 ± 3.6% vs control = 70.9 ± 3.3 and ghrelin = 75.6 ± 3.0, n = 13–15 animals; P < 0.05), without changes in plasma testosterone or fertility. Female pups intragestationally exposed to the antagonist showed earlier vaginal opening (statistically significant only at Day 25) and higher ovarian volume (antagonist = 1085.7 ± 64.0 mm3 vs ghrelin = 663.3 ± 102.8 mm3 and control = 512.3 ± 116.4 mm3; n = 4–6 animals/treatment; P < 0.05), indicating earlier sexual maturation. At adulthood, these females and those exposed to ghrelin showed a tendency to higher percentages of embryo loss and/or foetal atrophy. In conclusion, ghrelin participates in reproductive foetal programming: alterations in ghrelin activity during pregnancy modified body weight increase and anticipated puberty onset, exerting (or tending to) negative effects on adult reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Torres
- Secretaría de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (SECyT-UNC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - E M Luque
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M F Ponzio
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), INICSA (CONICET-FCM), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - V Cantarelli
- Fondo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (FONCyT), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - M Diez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - S Figueroa
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - L M Vincenti
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - V P Carlini
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), INICSA (CONICET-FCM), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - A C Martini
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), INICSA (CONICET-FCM), Córdoba, Argentina
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de Leon CDA, Amantéa SL, Pilger DA, Cantarelli V. Response letter. Pediatr Pulmonol 2014; 49:517-8. [PMID: 24339436 PMCID: PMC7167849 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.22951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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do Amaral de Leon C, Amantea SL, Pilger DA, Cantarelli V. Clinical and epidemiologic profile of lower respiratory tract infections associated with human bocavirus. Pediatr Pulmonol 2013; 48:1112-8. [PMID: 23818319 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.22732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute viral bronchiolitis (AVB) remains the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in infants under 2 years of age. Advances in molecular methods for virus detection have led to the identification of new infectious agents implicated in the development of AVB, such as human bocavirus (HBoV). OBJECTIVES To ascertain the frequency, seasonality, and clinical behavior of HBoV detection in a series of episodes of LRTI. STUDY DESIGN The frequency of HBoV was assessed in children with LRTI episodes, aged 1-24 months, seen at the emergency department of Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Porto Alegre, Brazil, between May 2007 and July 2008. Virus-specific polymerase chain reaction was used for detection. RESULTS A total of 455 nasal secretion samples were collected from 433 patients over a 14-month period. Of these, 60 were positive for HBoV (13.2%). Mean age was 7.9 months and 55% of patients were male. Just over half of patients were under 6 months of age (53.3%). Wheezing was the presenting respiratory complaint in 51.7%. Of the 60 patients, 80% were admitted to a pediatric ward. Diarrhea was present in nine patients (18%). Co-detection was a frequent finding in our sample, occurring in 95% of cases. In our series, the distribution of HBoV was clearly seasonal and was influenced by temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that HBoV detection in infants with AVB and recurrent wheezing of viral etiology in Brazil is similar to that reported in other countries. The clinical course of HBoV detection is no different from that of other respiratory viruses commonly found in this age range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano do Amaral de Leon
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Cantarelli V, Cavalcante B, Pilger DA, Souza F, Dias CG, Brodt T, Cantarelli M, Secchi C, d'Azevedo PA. Rapid detection of Van genes in rectal swabs by real time PCR in Southern Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2011; 44:631-2. [PMID: 22031081 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822011000500021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Laboratory-based surveillance is an important component in the control of vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE). METHODS The study aimed to evaluate real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (genes vanA-vanB) for VRE detection on 115 swabs from patients included in a surveillance program. RESULTS Sensitivity of RT-PCR was similar to primary culture (75% and 79.5%, respectively) when compared to broth enriched culture, whereas specificity was 83.1%. CONCLUSIONS RT-PCR provides same day results, however it showed low sensitivity for VRE detection.
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d'Azevedo PA, Comin G, Cantarelli V. Characterization of a new coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (Staphylococcus pettenkoferi) isolated from blood cultures from a hospitalized patient in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2010; 43:331-2. [DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86822010000300023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Staphylococcus pettenkoferi was originally isolated and described by Trülzsch et al (2002). In this study, we characterized two isolates of this newly described species. METHODS: Blood cultures were initially processed using the BacT/ALERT® device, and the isolates were initially characterized using the Vitek2 identification system. RESULTS: The initial characterization revealed slow-growing Gram-positive cocci that formed opaque colonies on sheep blood agar. Other phenotypic/genotypic tests were performed. CONCLUSIONS: We would like to emphasize that this new staphylococcus species is phenotypically similar to other CoNS, especially S. auricularis. This could potentially lead to misidentification of these uncommon species.
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Severo CB, Oliveira FDM, Cunha L, Cantarelli V, Severo LC. Disseminated nocardiosis due to Nocardia farcinica: diagnosis by thyroid abscess culture. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2006; 47:355-8. [PMID: 16553327 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652005000600009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A previously healthy 75-year-old white male dentist presented with a 6-month history of low-back pain treated with chronic steroid therapy had a Nocardia farcinica infection diagnosed by aspirate of thyroid abscess and six blood cultures. Despite the treatment with parenteral combination of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, the patient failed to respond and died after two days of therapy. Autopsy revealed disseminated nocardiosis, involving lungs with pleural purulent exudate in both sides, heart, thyroid, kidneys, brain, bones, and lumbosacral soft tissue with destruction of L2-L4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Bittencourt Severo
- Laboratório de Micologia, Hospital Santa Rita, Santa Casa Complexo-Hospitalar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
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Schröeder R, Michelon T, Fagundes I, Bortolotto A, Petry M, Lammerhirt E, Santos L, Cantarelli V, Keitel E, Garcia V, Neumann J. Comparison between RFLP-PCR and antigenemia for pp65 antigen for diagnosis of cytomegalovirus disease after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc 2004; 36:891-3. [PMID: 15194306 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2004.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the single most frequent infectious complication in renal transplant recipients. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of PCR-RFLP compared to antigenemia for CMV disease (CMVD) in kidney transplant recipients. From November 2001 to February 2002, 19 renal adult transplant recipients were followed with weekly measurements of CMV pp65 antigen to monitor the activity of CMV from the week 4 to 12 posttransplantation. Only 4 (21.1%) patients did not develop viremia during the first 12 posttransplantation weeks. Active infection was observed in 15 patients (78.9%): asymptomatic viremia in 6 (31.6%) and CMVD in 9 (47%). All patients who developed CMVD showed positivity in both methods during the observation period. The number of positive cells ranged from 11 to 292 cells in patients with CMVD and one to eight cells among those with asymptomatic viremia. Both methods revealed 100% sensitivity for CMVD diagnosis. The specificity was 60% for antigenemia and 70% for PCR, with positive predictive values of 60% and 75%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schröeder
- Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Santa Casa Hospital, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Pereira MR, Cantarelli V, Pereira DRR, Costa SSD. Prevalência elevada do Alloiococcus otitidis na otite média com efusão através da PCR simultânea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1590/s0034-72992004000200012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A etiologia da otite média com efusão (OME) não é completamente conhecida, mas agentes infecciosos podem contribuir para sua patogênese. O conhecimento sobre a epidemiologia bacteriana da OME em áreas geográficas distintas é essencial para a implementação de tratamentos racionais, quando indicados. OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência do Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis e Alloiococcus otitidis nas efusões da orelha média de crianças com otite média recorrente (OMR) e otite média com efusão crônica (OMEC) que foram submetidas à miringotomia e comparar os resultados obtidos por cultura e PCR. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Estudo clínico com coorte transversal. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: 128 efusões obtidas por timpanocentese de 75 crianças entre 11 meses e 10 anos de idade foram analisadas por cultura e PCR simultânea. RESULTADOS: Cultivaram-se bactérias em 25,1% das amostras e os patógenos principais foram encontrados em 19,6%. O A.otitidis não foi isolado em cultura. A PCR identificou bactérias em 85,9%, com os seguintes resultados individuais: A.otitidis, 52,3%; H.influenzae, 39,1%; S.pneumoniae, 12,5% e M.catarrhalis, 10,2%. A PCR foi significativamente mais sensível que a cultura (P<0,01). O S.pneumoniae foi mais encontrado em OMR do que em OMEC (P=0,038). CONCLUSÕES: A prevalência das bactérias na OME em um grupo de crianças brasileiras é semelhante àquelas relatadas em outros países, sendo o H.influenzae o mais encontrado dentre os patógenos principais da orelha média. O S.pneumoniae foi mais freqüente em OMR do que em OMEC. A PCR é mais sensível na detecção de bactérias na efusão da orelha média, comparada com cultura, e é essencial para a identificação do A.otitidis. O elevado percentual de detecção do A.otitidis sugere mais investigações sobre sua atuação no início e no prolongamento de doenças da orelha média.
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Pereira MBR, Pereira MR, Cantarelli V, Costa SS. [Prevalence of bacteria in children with otitis media with effusion]. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2004; 80:41-8. [PMID: 14978548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 1) To determine the prevalence of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in middle ear effusions of children with otitis media with effusion undergoing myringotomy; 2) to compare the results obtained by culture and PCR; and 3) to determine the susceptibility of bacterial isolates to penicillin. METHODS We analyzed 128 middle ear effusion specimens from 75 children (age = 11 months to 10 years; mean = 34.7 months). Patients with recurrent otitis media had documented middle ear effusion for >/= 6 weeks, and chronic otitis media with effusion for >/= 3 months. The patients had no signs of acute otitis media or respiratory tract infection and were not on antibiotic therapy. Aspiration was done through tympanocentesis with an Alden-Senturia trap. Bacteriological studies were initiated less than 15 minutes after specimen collection. Part of the sample was stored at -20oC for later multiplex PCR analysis. Statistical analysis employed McNemar's (Chi2) test. RESULTS Bacteria were cultured in 32 (25.1%) out of 128 samples and the pathogens under investigation were found in 25 (19.6%). PCR was positive for bacteria in 73 (57.0%) specimens: 50 (39.1%) for H. influenzae, 16 (12.5%) for S. pneumoniae, and 13 (10.2%) for M. catarrhalis. All the culture-positive samples were PCR-positive, but 48 (65.7%) of the PCR-positive specimens were culture-negative. PCR was significantly more sensitive than culture (p < 0.01) to identify bacteria. Resistance to penicillin was as follows: M. catarrhalis = 100%; S. pneumoniae = 62.5% and H. influenzae = 23% of the isolates. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of bacteria in otitis media with effusion in a group of Brazilian children was similar to that reported for other countries. H. influenzae was the most frequent microorganism observed. This suggests that bacteria may play a role in the pathogenesis of otitis media with effusion. In addition, PCR was more sensitive to detect bacteria in middle ear effusion as compared to conventional culture methods. Penicillin resistance was similar to that reported for other countries for pneumococci and moraxella, but beta-lactamase production by H. influenza was lower than that reported for other countries.
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Akeda Y, Kodama T, Kashimoto T, Cantarelli V, Horiguchi Y, Nagayama K, Iida T, Honda T. Dominant-negative Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 facilitate the invasion process of Vibrio parahaemolyticus into Caco-2 cells. Infect Immun 2002; 70:970-3. [PMID: 11796633 PMCID: PMC127689 DOI: 10.1128/iai.70.2.970-973.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the invasive process of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an invasion assay was performed using cells expressing dominant negative small GTPases of the Rho family. This assay showed that the dominant negative host phenotype facilitates bacterial invasion, suggesting that the mechanism of V. parahaemolyticus invasion differs from that reported for other invasive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukihiro Akeda
- Department of Bacterial Infections. Department of Bacterial Toxinology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Cantarelli V, Nagayama K, Takahashi A, Honda T, Cauduro PF, Dias CA, Mezzari A, Brodt T. Isolation of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serotype 091:H21 from a child with diarrhea in Porto Alegre city, RS, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 2000. [DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822000000400005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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