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Prot-Bertoye C, Jung V, Tostivint I, Roger K, Jannot A, Van Straaten A, Knebelmann B, Guerrera I, Courbebaisse M. Effet du traitement alcalinisant sur la signature inflammatoire urinaire chez les patients cystinuriques. Nephrol Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2022.07.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Vitale G, Caraglia M, Jung V, Kamradt J, Gentilini D, Di Martino MT, Dicitore A, Abate M, Tagliaferri P, Itro A, Ferro M, Balsamo R, De Sio M, Facchini G, Persani L, Schmitt K, Saar M, Stöckle M, Unteregger G, Zappavigna S. Molecular Characterization of Cancer Associated Fibroblasts in Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122943. [PMID: 35740605 PMCID: PMC9221001 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stromal components surrounding epithelial cancer cells seem to play a pivotal role during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor invasion, and metastases. To identify the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor-stroma interactions may yield novel therapeutic targets for prostate cancer. METHODS Gene expression profile of prostate-cancer associated fibroblast (PCAF) and prostate non-cancer associated fibroblast (PNAF) cells isolated from radical prostatectomy was performed by Illumina, analyzed, and further processed by Ingenuity®: IPA® software. qRT-PCR was performed on an independent set of 17 PCAF, 12 PNAF, and 12 fibroblast cell lines derived from patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPHF). RESULTS Using microarray analysis, we found six upregulated genes and two downregulated genes in PCAFs compared to PNAFs. To validate microarray results, we performed qRT-PCR for the most significantly regulated genes involved in the modulation of proliferation and androgen resistance on an independent set of PNAF, PCAF, and BHPF samples. We confirmed the increased expression of SCARB1, MAPK3K1, and TGF-β as well as the decreased expression of S100A10 in PCAFs compared to PNAFs and BPHFs. CONCLUSIONS These results provide strong evidence that the observed changes in the gene expression profile of PCAFs can contribute to functional alteration of adjacent prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.V.); (A.D.); (L.P.)
- Laboratory of Geriatric and Oncologic Neuroendocrinology Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano (IRCCS), Cusano Milanino, 20095 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Volker Jung
- Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.J.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (G.U.)
| | - Jörn Kamradt
- Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.J.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (G.U.)
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, Istituto Auxologico Italiano (IRCCS), 20095 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Di Martino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Alessandra Dicitore
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.V.); (A.D.); (L.P.)
| | - Marianna Abate
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (M.T.D.M.); (P.T.)
| | - Annalisa Itro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Matteo Ferro
- Division of Urology, European Institute of Oncology-IRCCS, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | | | - Marco De Sio
- Urology Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy;
| | - Gaetano Facchini
- UOC of Medical Oncology, ASL NA 2 Nord, “S.M. delle Grazie” Hospital, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Luca Persani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (G.V.); (A.D.); (L.P.)
- Laboratory of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano (IRCCS), 20095 Milan, Italy
| | - Kai Schmitt
- Department of Pathology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
| | - Matthias Saar
- Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.J.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (G.U.)
| | - Michael Stöckle
- Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.J.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (G.U.)
| | - Gerhard Unteregger
- Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (V.J.); (J.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (G.U.)
| | - Silvia Zappavigna
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (M.A.); (A.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-566-7629
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Barbe L, Prinzing A, Mony C, Abbott BW, Santonja M, Hoeffner K, Guillocheau S, Cluzeau D, Francez AJ, Le Bris N, Jung V. Opposing Effects of Plant-Community Assembly Maintain Constant Litter Decomposition over Grasslands Aged from 1 to 25 Years. Ecosystems 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-019-00392-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Holzmann C, Kappel S, Kilch T, Jochum MM, Urban SK, Jung V, Stöckle M, Rother K, Greiner M, Peinelt C. Transient receptor potential melastatin 4 channel contributes to migration of androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:41783-93. [PMID: 26496025 PMCID: PMC4747188 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired Ca2+ signaling in prostate cancer contributes to several cancer hallmarks, such as enhanced proliferation and migration and a decreased ability to induce apoptosis. Na+ influx via transient receptor potential melastatin 4 channel (TRPM4) can reduce store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) by decreasing the driving force for Ca2+. In patients with prostate cancer, gene expression of TRPM4 is elevated. Recently, TRPM4 was identified as a cancer driver gene in androgen-insensitive prostate cancer. We investigated TRPM4 protein expression in cancer tissue samples from 20 patients with prostate cancer. We found elevated TRPM4 protein levels in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and prostate cancer tissue compared to healthy tissue. In primary human prostate epithelial cells (hPEC) from healthy tissue and in the androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cell lines DU145 and PC3, TRPM4 mediated large Na+ currents. We demonstrated significantly increased SOCE after siRNA targeting of TRPM4 in hPEC and DU145 cells. In addition, knockdown of TRPM4 reduced migration but not proliferation of DU145 and PC3 cells. Taken together, our data identify TRPM4 as a regulator of SOCE in hPEC and DU145 cells, demonstrate a role for TRPM4 in cancer cell migration and suggest that TRPM4 is a promising potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Holzmann
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sven Kappel
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tatiana Kilch
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Martin Jochum
- Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Clinics of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Katharina Urban
- Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Volker Jung
- Clinics of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael Stöckle
- Clinics of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Karen Rother
- Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Markus Greiner
- Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christine Peinelt
- Biophysics, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.,Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Holzmann C, Kilch T, Kappel S, Dörr K, Jung V, Stöckle M, Bogeski I, Peinelt C. Differential Redox Regulation of Ca²⁺ Signaling and Viability in Normal and Malignant Prostate Cells. Biophys J 2016; 109:1410-9. [PMID: 26445441 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In prostate cancer, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are elevated and Ca(2+) signaling is impaired. Thus, several novel therapeutic strategies have been developed to target altered ROS and Ca(2+) signaling pathways in prostate cancer. Here, we investigate alterations of intracellular Ca(2+) and inhibition of cell viability caused by ROS in primary human prostate epithelial cells (hPECs) from healthy tissue and prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, DU145, and PC3). In hPECs, LNCaP and DU145 H2O2 induces an initial Ca(2+) increase, which in prostate cancer cells is blocked at high concentrations of H2O2. Upon depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores, store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) is activated. SOCE channels can be formed by hexameric Orai1 channels; however, Orai1 can form heteromultimers with its homolog, Orai3. Since the redox sensor of Orai1 (Cys-195) is absent in Orai3, the Orai1/Orai3 ratio in T cells determines the redox sensitivity of SOCE and cell viability. In prostate cancer cells, SOCE is blocked at lower concentrations of H2O2 compared with hPECs. An analysis of data from hPECs, LNCaP, DU145, and PC3, as well as previously published data from naive and effector TH cells, demonstrates a strong correlation between the Orai1/Orai3 ratio and the SOCE redox sensitivity and cell viability. Therefore, our data support the concept that store-operated Ca(2+) channels in hPECs and prostate cancer cells are heteromeric Orai1/Orai3 channels with an increased Orai1/Orai3 ratio in cells derived from prostate cancer tumors. In addition, ROS-induced alterations in Ca(2+) signaling in prostate cancer cells may contribute to the higher sensitivity of these cells to ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Holzmann
- Biophysics, Center for Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Tatiana Kilch
- Biophysics, Center for Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany; Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Sven Kappel
- Biophysics, Center for Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Dörr
- Biophysics, Center for Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Volker Jung
- Clinics of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Michael Stöckle
- Clinics of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ivan Bogeski
- Biophysics, Center for Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christine Peinelt
- Biophysics, Center for Integrated Physiology and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany; Center of Human and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
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Linxweiler J, Körbel C, Müller A, Jung V, Jüngel E, Siemer S, Stöckle M, Junker K, Menger MD, Saar M. MP92-19 EXPERIMENTAL IMAGING IN ORTHOTOPIC XENOGRAFT MODELS OF RENAL CELL CARCINOMA: COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF HIGH-RESOLUTION ULTRASONOGRAPHY, IN-VIVO MICRO-CT AND 9.4T MRI. J Urol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Saar M, Körbel C, Linxweiler J, Jung V, Kamradt J, Hasenfus A, Stöckle M, Unteregger G, Menger MD. Orthotopic tumorgrafts in nude mice: A new method to study human prostate cancer. Prostate 2015; 75:1526-37. [PMID: 26074274 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vivo model systems in prostate cancer research that authentically reproduce tumor growth are still sparse. While orthotopic implantation is technically difficult, particularly in the mouse, most models favor subcutaneous tumor growth. This however provides little information about natural tumor growth behavior and tumor stroma interaction. Furthermore, established prostate cancer cell lines grown as in vivo xenografts are not able to reflect the variety of tumor specific growth patterns and growth behavior in men. Primary cell cultures are difficult to handle and an induction of orthotopic tumors has not been successful yet. Therefore, a tumorgraft model using tumor tissue from prostatectomy specimens was developed. METHODS Balb/c nude mice were used to graft fresh prostate tumor tissue by renal subcapsular and orthotopic implantation. Testosterone propionate was supplemented. Animals were tracked by means of 30 MHz ultrasound to monitor tumor engraftment and growth. Autopsy, histology, PSA measurements as well as immunostaining and PCR for human tissue were performed to confirm orthotopic tumor growth. RESULTS Renal subcapsular engraftment was seen in 2 of 3 mice. Orthotopic engraftment was observed in 7 of 11 animals (63.6%) with an overall engraftment of 5 out of 9 patient specimens (55.6%). Ultrasound confirmed the tumor growth over time. Of interest, the tumorgrafts not only retained essential features of the parental tumors, but also stained positive for tumor specific markers such as AR, PSA, and AMACR. Tumor positive animals showed highly elevated serum PSA levels with confirmation of a human specific PCR sequence and a human endothelial cell lining in the tumor vessels. CONCLUSIONS Standardized implantation of fresh tumor tissue in nude mice prostates generates tumorgrafts with histological properties of organ-confined prostate cancer. These tumorgrafts display a new approach for an optimized in vivo model of prostate cancer and will allow further investigations on specific pathways of tumor initiation and progression as well as therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Saar
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Christina Körbel
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Johannes Linxweiler
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Volker Jung
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jörn Kamradt
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Andrea Hasenfus
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael Stöckle
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Gerhard Unteregger
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Michael D Menger
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Heinzelmann J, Stubendorff B, Jung V, Baumgart S, Hölters S, Unteregger G, Grimm J, Linxweiler J, Janssen M, Ohlmann CH, Saar M, Siemer S, Stöckle M, Junker K. [Epigenetic regulation of urological tumors. Importance for prognosis and metastasis]. Urologe A 2015; 54:832-8. [PMID: 26037021 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-015-3863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Heinzelmann
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universität des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße 1, 66424, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland
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Holzmann C, Kilch T, Kappel S, Armbrüster A, Jung V, Stöckle M, Bogeski I, Schwarz EC, Peinelt C. ICRAC controls the rapid androgen response in human primary prostate epithelial cells and is altered in prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2014; 4:2096-107. [PMID: 24240085 PMCID: PMC3875772 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Labelled 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) binding experiments have shown that expression levels of (yet unidentified) membrane androgen receptors (mAR) are elevated in prostate cancer and correlate with a negative prognosis. However, activation of these receptors which mediate a rapid androgen response can counteract several cancer hallmark functions such as unlimited proliferation, enhanced migration, adhesion and invasion and the inability to induce apoptosis. Here, we investigate the downstream signaling pathways of mAR and identify rapid DHT induced activation of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) in primary cultures of human prostate epithelial cells (hPEC) from non-tumorous tissue. Consequently, down-regulation of Orai1, the main molecular component of Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels results in an almost complete loss of DHT induced SOCE. We demonstrate that this DHT induced Ca2+ influx via Orai1 is important for rapid androgen triggered prostate specific antigen (PSA) release. We furthermore identified alterations of the molecular components of CRAC channels in prostate cancer. Three lines of evidence indicate that prostate cancer cells down-regulate expression of the Orai1 homolog Orai3: First, Orai3 mRNA expression levels are significantly reduced in tumorous tissue when compared to non-tumorous tissue from prostate cancer patients. Second, mRNA expression levels of Orai3 are decreased in prostate cancer cell lines LNCaP and DU145 when compared to hPEC from healthy tissue. Third, the pharmacological profile of CRAC channels in prostate cancer cell lines and hPEC differ and siRNA based knock-down experiments indicate changed Orai3 levels are underlying the altered pharmacological profile. The cancer-specific composition and pharmacology of CRAC channels identifies CRAC channels as putative targets in prostate cancer therapy.
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Körbel C, Jung V, Kamradt J, Stöckle M, Unteregger G, Menger MD, Saar M. High-Resolution Ultrasound Allows Percutaneous Initiation and Surveillance of Prostate Cancer in an Orthotopic Murine Model. Urol Int 2014; 94:347-53. [DOI: 10.1159/000362904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Prostate cancer xenografts should prefer orthotopic growth to subcutaneous tumors as the former more closely mimics the natural tumor environment. However, these models are technically demanding and require an invasive laparotomy. To overcome these problems, we evaluated a minimally invasive approach by performing percutaneous prostate puncture under the control of high-resolution ultrasound imaging. Materials and Methods: Orthotopic tumor cell inoculation was performed in two groups of mice, i.e. in 10 nude mice via ultrasound-guided inoculation and in another 10 nude mice via an open surgical approach. Tumor growth was monitored after 4, 5 and 6 weeks by means of a high-resolution ultrasound system. Results: High-resolution ultrasound allowed exact tumor growth monitoring. After ultrasound-guided inoculation, 8 of 10 animals showed tumor engraftment. The surgical procedure was successful in 9 of 10 animals. Tumor volume was slightly but not significantly greater after surgical tumor induction. Our work demonstrates that tumor cell inoculation via percutaneous puncture of the prostate is feasible, less time-consuming and minimally invasive compared to an open surgical approach. This reduces the animal burden. Conclusion: Although the tumor size and the precision of inoculation is lower compared to the open surgical technique, this novel procedure enables real-time prostate punctures, suggesting the feasibility of other procedures including biopsy and local drug applications.
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Jung V, Schmitt K, Saar M, Junker K, Stöckle M, Unteregger G. 319: Expression profile of fibroblasts from tumor bearing prostate exhibits significant differences compared to BPH-derived fibroblasts. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)50285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stoehr C, Erber R, Frohnauer J, Martignoni G, Becker F, Bedke J, Fornara P, Füssel S, Gajda M, Gunawan B, Jung V, Wieland W, Meinhardt M, Merseburger A, Strauss A, Wunderlich H, Meyer B, Hauke S, Junker K, Hartmann A. MP30-05 DETECTION OF TRANSLOCATION TUMOURS ON RENAL CELL CARCINOMA TISSUE MICRO ARRAYS BY FISH. J Urol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.02.813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Holzmann C, Kilch T, Kappel S, Armbrüster A, Jung V, Stöckle M, Bogeski I, Schwarz EC, Peinelt C. Icrac in Human Primary Prostate Epithelial Cells. Biophys J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2013.11.1831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Becker F, Junker K, Parr M, Hartmann A, Füssel S, Toma M, Grobholz R, Pflugmann T, Wullich B, Strauss A, Behnes CL, Otto W, Stöckle M, Jung V. Collecting duct carcinomas represent a unique tumor entity based on genetic alterations. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78137. [PMID: 24167600 PMCID: PMC3805592 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Collecting duct carcinoma (CDC) is a rare renal neoplasm that is associated with poor prognosis due to its highly aggressive course and limited response to immuno- or chemotherapy. Histologically, CDC is defined as a subtype of renal cell carcinomas, but in some cases, it is difficult to differentiate from urothelial carcinomas (UC). Therefore the aim of this study was to determine genetic alterations of CDC in comparison to that of urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract (UUT-UC) to clarify the histological origin of this rare tumor entity. Twenty-nine CDC samples were obtained from seven different German centers and compared with twenty-six urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used to investigate the genetic composition of patients’ tumors and allowed the detection of losses and gains of DNA copy numbers throughout the entire genome. The clinical data were correlated with CGH results. CGH analysis of CDC revealed DNA aberrations in many chromosomes. DNA losses were more frequently observed than gains, while high-level amplifications were not detected. The mean frequency of CDC chromosomal aberrations (4.9/case) was slightly lower than that in UUT-UC (5.4/case). Recurrent CDC DNA losses occurred at 8p (n=9/29), 16p (9/29), 1p (n=7/29) and 9p (n=7/29), and gains occurred in 13q (n=9/29). In contrast to CDC, the most frequently detected UUT-UC DNA aberration was a loss at 9q (n=13/26). DNA losses at 9q, 13q and 8q as well as gains at 8p showed significant variations in UUT-UC compared to CDC. There was no correlation between the patients’ clinical course and the presence or absence of these recurrent genetic alterations. CDCs are characterized by a different genetic pattern compared to UUT-UC. Regarding the published data on renal cell carcinoma, we conclude that CDC appears to be a unique entity among kidney carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Becker
- Department of Urology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Urological Group Practice & Clinic Derouet/Pönicke/Becker, Boxberg Center, Neunkirchen, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Kerstin Junker
- Department of Urology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Department of Urology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Martin Parr
- Department of Urology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Susanne Füssel
- Department of Urology, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Marieta Toma
- Department of Pathology, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Rainer Grobholz
- Department of Pathology, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pflugmann
- Department of Urology, St. Franziskus Clinics, Mönchengladbach, Germany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Arne Strauss
- Department of Urology, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Carl Ludwig Behnes
- Department of Pathology, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Urology, Caritas Clinics St. Joseph, University Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Stöckle
- Department of Urology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
| | - Volker Jung
- Department of Urology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- for the German Network of Renal Cell Tumors, Jena, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Jung V, Kamradt J, Schmitt K, Saar M, Stoeckle M, Unteregger G. 485 MOLECULAR GENETIC COMPARISON OF CANCER AND NONCANCER-ASSOCIATED FIBROBLASTS IN PROSTATE CANCER. J Urol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2012.02.554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Linxweiler M, Linxweiler J, Barth M, Benedix J, Jung V, Kim YJ, Bohle RM, Zimmermann R, Greiner M. Sec62 bridges the gap from 3q amplification to molecular cell biology in non-small cell lung cancer. Am J Pathol 2011; 180:473-83. [PMID: 22197383 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The molecular carcinogenesis of lung cancer has yet to be clearly elucidated. We investigated the possible oncogenic function of SEC62 in lung cancer, which was predicted based on our previous findings that lung and thyroid cancer tissue samples exhibited increased Sec62 protein levels. The SEC62 gene locus is at 3q26.2, and 3q amplification is reportedly the most common genomic alteration in non-small cell lung cancer. We analyzed SEC62 mRNA and protein levels in tissue samples from lung cancer patients by real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot, and IHC and found significantly increased SEC62 mRNA and protein levels in tumors compared with tumor-free tissue samples from the same patients. Correlation analyses revealed significantly higher Sec62 levels in tumors with lymph node metastases compared with nonmetastatic tumors, as well as in poorly compared with moderately differentiated tumors. On the basis of these promising results, we examined the role of Sec62 in cancer cell biology in vitro. Cell migration assays with lung and thyroid cancer cells showed distinct stimulation of migration in SEC62-overexpressing cells and inhibition of migration in Sec62-depleted cells. Moreover, we found that SEC62 silencing sensitized the cells to thapsigargin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress. Thus, our results indicate that SEC62 represents a potential candidate oncogene in the amplified 3q region in cases of non-small cell lung cancer and harbors various functions in cancer cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Linxweiler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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Wulfken LM, Moritz R, Ohlmann C, Holdenrieder S, Jung V, Becker F, Herrmann E, Walgenbach-Brünagel G, von Ruecker A, Müller SC, Ellinger J. MicroRNAs in renal cell carcinoma: diagnostic implications of serum miR-1233 levels. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25787. [PMID: 21984948 PMCID: PMC3184173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA expression is altered in cancer cells, and microRNAs could serve as diagnostic/prognostic biomarker for cancer patients. Our study was designed to analyze circulating serum microRNAs in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methodology/Principal Findings We first explored microRNA expression profiles in tissue and serum using TaqMan Low Density Arrays in each six malignant and benign samples: Although 109 microRNAs were circulating at higher levels in cancer patients' serum, we identified only 36 microRNAs with up-regulation in RCC tissue and serum of RCC patients. Seven candidate microRNAs were selected for verification based on the finding of up-regulation in serum and tissue of RCC patients: miR-7-1*, miR-93, miR-106b*, miR-210, miR-320b, miR-1233 and miR-1290 levels in serum of healthy controls (n = 30) and RCC (n = 33) patients were determined using quantitative real-time PCR (TaqMan MicroRNA Assays). miR-1233 was increased in RCC patients, and thus validated in a multicentre cohort of 84 RCC patients and 93 healthy controls using quantitative real-time PCR (sensitivity 77.4%, specificity 37.6%, AUC 0.588). We also studied 13 samples of patients with angiomyolipoma or oncocytoma, whose serum miR-1233 levels were similar to RCC patients. Circulating microRNAs were not correlated with clinical-pathological parameters. Conclusions/Significance MicroRNA levels are distinctly increased in cancer patients, although only a small subset of circulating microRNAs has a tumor-specific origin. We identify circulating miR-1233 as a potential biomarker for RCC patients. Larger-scaled studies are warranted to fully explore the role of circulating microRNAs in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena M. Wulfken
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rudolf Moritz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Carsten Ohlmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Volker Jung
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Frank Becker
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Urologische Gemeinschaftspraxis und Ambulatorium Derouet/Poenicke/Becker, Neunkirchen, Germany
| | - Edwin Herrmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Stefan C. Müller
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Saar M, Kamradt J, Jung V, Stöckle M, Unteregger G. [From tumor tissue via primary cultures to xenograft models: a functional approach in prostate cancer research]. Urologe A 2011; 50:961-7. [PMID: 21728008 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-011-2630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The clinical course of prostate cancer, the most common cancer in men, is very variable. Despite intense research activities over the years and besides histopathological criteria, prognostic markers that reliably predict tumor behavior and the necessity for treatment are still missing. A likely explanation for this fact is the lack of good tumor models, mimicking the in vivo situation. These models are not only essential for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of prostate cancer but also play an important role in the development of new therapeutic strategies. Since results of permanent cell culture experiments reflect only in part real tumor behavior and primary cultures from patient material cannot be grown indefinitely, novel approaches need to be developed to achieve reliable and clinically relevant prostate cancer research.In this work the development of several approaches for culturing primary prostate cancer tissue is illustrated and a forecast of future research plans utilizing xenograft models in mice is made.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Saar
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie , Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Straße 1, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Deutschland
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Greiner M, Kreutzer B, Lang S, Jung V, Cavalié A, Unteregger G, Zimmermann R, Wullich B. Sec62 protein level is crucial for the ER stress tolerance of prostate cancer. Prostate 2011; 71:1074-83. [PMID: 21557272 DOI: 10.1002/pros.21324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 11/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that over-expression of the SEC62 gene is a widespread phenomenon in prostate cancer. Since the use of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-inducing substances such as thapsigargin in prostate cancer therapy is widely discussed in the literature, we investigated the influence of Sec62 protein content on the cellular response to these drugs. METHODS Growth effects were analyzed by real-time cell analysis and viability tests in DU145-cells representing an increased SEC62 expression or PC3- and LNCaP-cells representing a similar SEC62 expression compared to non-tumor cells. Ca(2+) -imaging in an established HeLa-system with fluorescent dye was used to study molecular effects of Sec62 depletion. RESULTS We found a lower propensity toward apoptotic cell death after thapsigargin treatment for DU145 cells compared to PC3 or LNCaP and siRNA-mediated silencing of SEC62 resulted in a reduced viability of thapsigargin-treated PC3 cells, indicating that Sec62 functions in cellular stress response. Measurement of cytosolic [Ca(2+) ] demonstrated the influence of Sec62 on the cellular response to thapsigargin on a molecular level. Using real-time cell analysis, we observed the loss of androgen stimulation of LNCaP cells in the presence of thapsigargin, and an additional negative effect on cell growth of Sec62 depletion. Also, for PC3- and DU145-cells Sec62 depletion inhibited growth after thapsigargin treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate a crucial function of Sec62 in the response to thapsigargin-induced ER stress. This will be of great significance on the background of elevated Sec62 protein levels in prostate cancer cells when treatment with thapsigargin analogs is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Greiner
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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Greiner M, Kreutzer B, Jung V, Grobholz R, Hasenfus A, Stöhr RF, Tornillo L, Dudek J, Stöckle M, Unteregger G, Kamradt J, Wullich B, Zimmermann R. Silencing of the SEC62 gene inhibits migratory and invasive potential of various tumor cells. Int J Cancer 2011; 128:2284-95. [PMID: 20669223 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sec62 is part of the protein translocation apparatus in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In yeast, Sec62 participates in the post-translational translocation of proteins into the ER, but its function in mammals remains elusive. Previously we described the amplification and over-expression of the SEC62 gene in prostate cancer cell lines and the protein has been described as a potential target gene in prostate cancer. In the current study we show that in the tumor tissue of prostate cancer patients Sec62 protein levels are elevated compared with tumor-free tissue derived from the same patients or from prostates of control group patients and that the higher Sec62 protein content correlates with an increasing de-differentiation of the cells. Therefore, up-regulation of Sec62 protein content indeed is a phenomenon associated with prostate cancer progression. Analysis of a multi-tissue tumor array showed that in addition to prostate cancer, overproduction of Sec62 is observed in various other tumors, most significantly in tumors of the lung and the thyroid. To examine the tumor-related functions of Sec62, we silenced the SEC62 gene in the prostate cancer cell-line PC3 as well as in a set of other tumor cell-lines with two different siRNAs. In general, after silencing of SEC62 the cell migration and the invasive potential of the cells was blocked or at least dramatically reduced while cell viability was hardly affected. Thus, the SEC62 gene may indeed be considered as a target gene in the therapy of various tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Greiner
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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Unteregger G, Jung V, Hach C, Kamradt J, Saar M, Stoeckle M. Abstract 2351: Down-regulation of Fibulin-5 in invasive growing primary prostate cancer cells. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-2351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Aside from its normal function in the embryonic development fibulin-5 seems to be involved in tumor formation by controlling proliferation and cell motility. In several malignancies including those from prostate, lung, breast and kidney predominantly down regulation of fibulin-5 was reported. But even enhanced expression in some minor cell populations was published. Since fibulin-5 mediates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in mammary epithelial cells its function during invasion seems to be likely. To evaluate the role of this matrix-protein in tumor progression we analyzed fibulin-5 expression in primary prostate cancer samples cultivated in our previously published 3D-invasion model.
Experimental procedures: Fresh biopsies from 11 radical prostatectomies were subjected to our 3D-invasion model which allows for an expansion of the invading growing cell population. Expression of fibulin-5 was assessed by qRT- PCR in non-invading (top) and invasive growing (bottom) tumor cells. To investigate the role of Fibulin-5 on tumor cell migration, Fluoroblock® membranes were coated with 3 different Fibulin-5 peptides: two NH2-terminal peptides harbouring the RGD motif and one C-terminal peptide without this sequence. PC-3, LNCaP, DU-145 and A549 cells were applied onto these inserts and migration was quantified after 24 hrs by fluorescence reading using calcein staining.
Results: No fibulin-5 signals were revealed by qRT-PCR and immunostaining in LNCaP and PC-3 cell lines. In contrast, the expression in DU-145 was comparable to A 549, a lung carcinoma cell line which serves as a positive control. Invasive growing primary prostate tumor cells exhibit in all cases lower fibulin-5 expression as compared to the non-invasive cell population. After coating with fibulin-5 peptides migration of the cell lines was inhibited differentially with the most pronounced effect in LNCaP and Du145; migration of PC-3 and A 549 were not affected. Migration was less inhibited in all cell lines by the C-terminal peptide.
Conclusion: Our results confirmed the down regulation of fibulin-5 in prostate cancer samples in our 3D- invasion model. Interestingly, we observed differences in the expression of this matrix protein between the non-invading cell population and the more aggressive invading tumor cells, both originating from the same biopsy sample. Since all invasive cells exhibit a reduced fibulin-5 expression as compared to the non-invading cells we conclude that down-regulation of fibulin-5 expression favors tumor invasion and metastasis. This assumption is supported by the results of the migration experiments. Thus, the expression profile of fibulin-5 may reflect the invasive potential of individual tumor cells.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2351. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2351
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Volker Jung
- 1University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Carolin Hach
- 1University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Nolte E, Szczyrba J, Wach S, Jung V, Kremmer E, Graesser F, Wullich B. Abstract 3961: Sec23A is a regulative target of miR-200c and miR-375 in prostate cancer and influences cell growth in vitro. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-3961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer is a leading cause of tumor mortality. In order to identify the underlying mechanisms we have analyzed microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of primary prostate cancers and non-cancer prostate tissue. Using database analysis, we sought to identify regulatory targets of aberrantly expressed miRNAs and to analyze the physiological consequences of miRNA deregulation using cell culture models.
Material and Methods: We performed comparative miRNA expression profiling using deep sequencing of cDNA libraries and microarray analyses. Potential target genes of deregulated miRNAs were identified by database analysis and subsequently validated in vitro using reporter gene constructs. The impact of identified target genes on cell growth was examined by a standardized wound healing assay.
Results: Two of the miRNAs consistently deregulated in primary prostate cancer samples were miR-200c and miR-375 which were upregulated more than 1.5-fold in deep sequencing and 2.9-fold and 3.9-fold, respectively, in microarray experiments (p<0.001, ANOVA). Independent target prediction databases (including miRanda, Targetscan and PicTar) indicated that the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of the Sec23a gene is a regulative target for both miR-200c and miR-375. This prediction could be confirmed using a luciferase reporter gene construct containing the Sec23a 3’UTR. Co-expression of the reporter gene construct with either miR-200c or miR-375 resulted in a reduction of reporter gene activity while mutation of the miRNA binding sites caused a loss of responsiveness to the respective miRNA. Furthermore we could show that transient expression of miR-200c and miR-375 reduced the amount of Sec23a protein in the HEK293 cell line. A transient knock-down of Sec23a in DU145 prostate cancer cells applying siRNA technique led to acceleration of wound healing and transient overexpression of Sec23a to a deceleration over a time period of 30 hours. In Western blot analyses the majority of primary tissue samples displayed a reduced amount of Sec23a protein.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the 3’-UTR of Sec23a is one regulative target of miR-200c and miR-375, which are commonly deregulated in prostate cancer. Sec23a is reduced in the majority of tumor samples analyzed and has a vital impact on cell growth as determined by wound healing experiments.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3961. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3961
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Nolte
- 1University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Sven Wach
- 1University Clinic Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Volker Jung
- 2University of Saarland Medical School, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kremmer
- 3Helmholtz Center Institute of Molecular Immunology, Munich, Germany
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Becker F, Junker K, Hartmann A, Fuessel S, Toma M, Grobholz R, Janssen M, Pflugmann T, Wullich B, Strauss A, Behnes CL, Kreiner B, Stoeckle M, Jung V. 116 CYTOGENETIC GENOMIC HYBRIDISATION OF COLLECTING DUCT CARCINOMAS: DETERMINATION OF AN UNIQUE KIDNEY TUMOUR ENTITY. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OF THE GERMAN NETWORK RENAL CELL TUMOURS. J Urol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2011.02.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Saar M, Jung V, Kamradt J, Stoeckle M, Unteregger G. Characterization of invasive growing prostate tumour cells via standardized orthotopic inoculation in nude mice and sonographic growth control as an innovative approach. J Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Szczyrba J, Löprich E, Wach S, Jung V, Unteregger G, Barth S, Grobholz R, Wieland W, Stöhr R, Hartmann A, Wullich B, Grässer F. The microRNA profile of prostate carcinoma obtained by deep sequencing. Mol Cancer Res 2010; 8:529-38. [PMID: 20353999 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-09-0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a leading cause of tumor mortality. To characterize the underlying molecular mechanisms, we have compared the microRNA (miRNA) profile of primary prostate cancers and noncancer prostate tissues using deep sequencing. MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs of 21 to 25 nucleotides that regulate gene expression through the inhibition of protein synthesis. We find that 33 miRNAs were upregulated or downregulated >1.5-fold. The deregulation of selected miRNAs was confirmed by both Northern blotting and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR in established prostate cancer cell lines and clinical tissue samples. A computational search indicated the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of the mRNA for myosin VI (MYO6) as a potential target for both miR-143 and miR-145, the expression of which was reduced in the tumor tissues. Upregulation of myosin VI in prostate cancer was previously shown by immunohistochemistry. The level of MYO6 mRNA was significantly induced in all primary tumor tissues compared with the nontumor tissue from the same patient. This finding was matched to the upregulation of myosin VI in established prostate cancer cell lines. In luciferase reporter analysis, we find a significant negative regulatory effect on the MYO6 3'UTR by both miR-143 and miR-145. Mutation of the potential binding sites for miR-143 and miR-145 in the MYO6 3'UTR resulted in a loss of responsiveness to the corresponding miRNA. Our data indicate that miR-143 and miR-145 are involved in the regulation of MYO6 expression and possibly in the development of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Szczyrba
- Department of Virology, University of Saarland Medical School, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Jung V, Fischer E, Imig J, Kleber S, Nuber N, Reinshagen F, Kamradt J, Grobholz R, Knuth A, Renner C, Wadle A. Yeast-based identification of prostate tumor antigens provides an effective vaccine platform. Anticancer Res 2010; 30:895-902. [PMID: 20393012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To evaluate cancer/testis (CT) antigens as targets for immunotherapy or vaccine approaches in prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS We investigated the antibody response in 181 patients with prostate cancer, 83 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients, and 39 healthy donors against 13 different CT antigens recombinantly expressed on yeast surface (RAYS) and compared the results to antigen expression in tumor tissue. We then used the yeast clone expressing the most promising antigen directly as a vaccine to elicit potent cellular immunity. RESULTS The antibody response to NY-ESO-1 was more frequent (20%) and strong compared to other investigated antigens, and was associated with progressive disease. Interestingly, it was also detected in several BPH patients (9%). Feeding dendritic cells with NY-ESO-1-expressing yeast cells resulted in efficient HLA presentation and activation of specific CD3(+) T-cells. CONCLUSION The RAYS approach offers a fast means of analyzing serological autoreacitvity in cancer patients and serves as an effective anticancer vaccine platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Jung
- University Hospital Zurich, Department of Oncology, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Pfuhl T, Mamiani A, Dürr M, Welter S, Stieber J, Ankara J, Liss M, Dobner T, Schmitt A, Falkai P, Kremmer E, Jung V, Barth S, Grässer FA. The LARK/RBM4a protein is highly expressed in cerebellum as compared to cerebrum. Neurosci Lett 2008; 444:11-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2008.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2008] [Revised: 07/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jung V, Saar M, Grobholz R, Stöckle M, Unteregger G, Kamradt J. [Development of a three-dimensional primary prostate cancer cell culture model]. Urologe A 2008; 47:1199-204. [PMID: 18682911 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-008-1835-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Much prostate cancer research is based on cell culture results. Recent genomic studies found major differences between primary prostate cancer tissue and established prostate cancer cell lines, which calls into question the clinical relevance of study results based on cell cultures.Using primary cultures of prostate cancer cells from prostatectomy specimens seems to be a reasonable solution, but primary cell cultures are much more difficult to establish. In this study, a primary cell culture model was combined with an invasion assay. With this combination it was possible not only to select invasive cell clones from the primary culture but also to culture these cells in a three-dimensional model, forming spheroids. A further characterization of this cell population was done by comparative genomic hybridization, showing numerous genetic alterations. The presented cell culture model offers, for the first time, an opportunity to isolate invasive growing cells from primary prostate cancer tissue and cultivate these cells for further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Jung
- Klink für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes , Homburg/Saar, Deutschland
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Hornstein M, Hoffmann MJ, Alexa A, Yamanaka M, Müller M, Jung V, Rahnenführer J, Schulz WA. Protein phosphatase and TRAIL receptor genes as new candidate tumor genes on chromosome 8p in prostate cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2008; 5:123-136. [PMID: 18460741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allelic losses on chromosome 8p are common in prostate carcinoma, but it is not known exactly how they contribute to cancer development and progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of 12 genes located across chromosome 8p, including established tumor suppressor candidates (CSMD1, DLC1, NKX3.1), and others from a new microarray-based comparison was studied by quantitative RT-PCR in 45 M0 prostate carcinomas and 13 benign prostate tissues. RESULTS Significantly reduced expression was observed for two protein phosphatase subunit genes (PPP2CB, PPP3CC) and two TRAIL decoy receptors (TNFRSF10C/DcR1, TNFRSF10D/DcR2), but not for the three established candidates nor for TRAIL death receptor genes. Low expression of PPP3CC and TNFRSF10C located at 8p21.3 was highly significantly associated with tumor recurrence. In addition to allele loss, down-regulation of TNFRSF10C and TNFRSF10D was found to be associated with hypermethylation, although bisulfite sequencing usually revealed it to be partial. CONCLUSION Our data strongly support a recent proposal that a segment at 8p21.3 contains crucial prostate cancer tumor suppressors. In addition, they raise the paradoxical issue of why TRAIL decoy receptors rather than death receptors are down-regulated in aggressive prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Hornstein
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibulins, encoded by FBLN genes, are extracellular matrix proteins influencing cell adhesion and migration. Altered expression of fibulins is associated with progression of several cancer types, but has not been studied in prostate cancer. METHODS Expression of FBLN1 (major splice forms C and D), FBLN4, FBLN5, SPOCK1, and TENC was compared between 47 prostate cancer samples and 13 benign prostatic tissues by quantitative RT-PCR. Fibulin-1 and fibulin-5 expression was studied by immunohistochemistry. Effects of androgens and the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine on fibulin expression were investigated in different prostate cancer cell lines. RESULTS Our recent microarray analysis suggested downregulation of three fibulins, FBLN1, FBLN4, and FBLN5, in prostate cancer, while two further ECM genes, SPOCK1 (testican) and TENC (tenascin C), appeared upregulated or unchanged. These observations were corroborated by quantitative RT-PCR. Accordingly, FBLN1 and FBLN4 were weakly expressed in carcinoma lines compared to normal prostate epithelial cells (PrECs). Only FBLN4 was induced by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, but its promoter was unmethylated. Androgen did not affect expression of FBLN genes. The FBLN1C and FBLN1D splice forms were coordinately expressed. Fibulin-1 protein was weakly detectable in benign PrECs, but tended to accumulate in cancer cells. Fibulin-5 was predominantly located in the stroma with a strong gradient from the periurethral to the peripheral zone, and lost in cancers. CONCLUSIONS Three FBLN genes are significantly downregulated in prostate cancer, whereas SPOCK1 is often upregulated. FBLN5 downregulation fits its postulated anticancerous function, whereas FBLN1 and FBLN4 behave different than in certain other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Wlazlinski
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Kamradt J, Jung V, Wahrheit K, Tolosi L, Rahnenfuehrer J, Schilling M, Walker R, Davis S, Stoeckle M, Meltzer P, Wullich B. Detection of novel amplicons in prostate cancer by comprehensive genomic profiling of prostate cancer cell lines using oligonucleotide-based arrayCGH. PLoS One 2007; 2:e769. [PMID: 17712417 PMCID: PMC1940319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2007] [Accepted: 07/18/2007] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to prove the feasibility of a longmer oligonucleotide microarray platform to profile gene copy number alterations in prostate cancer cell lines and to quickly indicate novel candidate genes, which may play a role in carcinogenesis. Methods/Results and Findings Genome-wide screening for regions of genetic gains and losses on nine prostate cancer cell lines (PC3, DU145, LNCaP, CWR22, and derived sublines) was carried out using comparative genomic hybridization on a 35,000 feature oligonucleotide microarray (arrayCGH). Compared to conventional chromosomal CGH, more deletions and small regions of gains, particularly in pericentromeric regions and regions next to the telomeres, were detected. As validation of the high-resolution of arrayCGH we further analyzed a small amplicon of 1.7 MB at 9p13.3, which was found in CWR22 and CWR22-Rv1. Increased copy number was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization using the BAC clone RP11-165H19 from the amplified region comprising the two genes interleukin 11 receptor alpha (IL11-RA) and dynactin 3 (DCTN3). Using quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) we could demonstrate that IL11-RA is the gene with the highest copy number gain in the cell lines compared to DCTN3 suggesting IL11-RA to be the amplification target. Screening of 20 primary prostate carcinomas by qPCR revealed an IL11-RA copy number gain in 75% of the tumors analyzed. Gain of DCTN3 was only found in two cases together with a gain of IL11-RA. Conclusions/Significance ArrayCGH using longmer oligonucleotide microarrays is feasible for high-resolution analysis of chomosomal imbalances. Characterization of a small gained region at 9p13.3 in prostate cancer cell lines and primary prostate cancer samples by fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative PCR has revealed interleukin 11 receptor alpha gene as a candidate target of amplification with an amplification frequency of 75% in prostate carcinomas. Frequent amplification of IL11-RA in prostate cancer is a potential mechanism of IL11-RA overexpression in this tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joern Kamradt
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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Wosikowski K, Lamphere L, Unteregger G, Jung V, Kaplan F, Xu JP, Rattel B, Caligiuri M. Preclinical antitumor activity of the oral platinum analog satraplatin. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2007; 60:589-600. [PMID: 17541592 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-007-0502-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2006] [Accepted: 04/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Satraplatin is an orally available platinum analog. The purpose of this study was to better characterize satraplatin's preclinical antitumor efficacy in a variety of sensitive and resistant human tumor cell lines and in a prostate cancer xenograft model and to evaluate the effect of satraplatin on PSA expression and/or secretion in a prostate cancer cell line. METHODS Satraplatin and its primary metabolite JM-118 were preclinically tested for their cytotoxic activity in a range of cancer cells including: human prostate, those forming the NCI drug screening panel, and those resistant to anti-cancer drugs. Also, the antiproliferative efficacy of satraplatin was tested in vivo in a human prostate cancer model. The effect of satraplatin and JM-118 on PSA transcription was measured by quantitative real time PCR. RESULTS Satraplatin and JM-118 inhibited in vitro and in vivo the growth of prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent fashion. The IC50 cytotoxicity values for satraplatin ranged from 1 to 3 microM for androgen-insensitive cells and was 11 microM for the androgen-sensitive cell line. Interestingly, JM-118 was up to 16-fold more potent than satraplatin. Oral administration of satraplatin to nude mouse PC-3 xenograft models inhibited the growth of these human tumors. Satraplatin had no direct effect on PSA transcription and the observed decrease in secreted PSA correlated with a decrease in cell number. When evaluated in the NCI drug-screening panel, satraplatin was most active in leukemia and small cell lung cancer cell lines. Both satraplatin and JM-118 were tested on cells resistant to chemotherapeutic agents. Satraplatin and JM-118 were equally active in the cisplatin-resistant A129cp80 ovarian carcinoma cell line, with activity comparable to that observed in the parent line. Neither expression of MDR1, BCRP, MRP1, nor altered tubulin or topoisomerase I were found to mediate resistance to satraplatin or JM-118. Although these resistance mechanisms contribute to drug resistance for a number of chemotherapeutics, they do not appear to play a role in satraplatin resistance. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that satraplatin and JM-118 have preclinical antitumor activity in human prostate cancer and other tumor types as well, including several cell lines displaying drug resistance to cisplatin, docetaxel and mitoxantrone. In addition, the results suggest that PSA should be further evaluated as a relevant marker of clinical response in patients with prostate cancer treated with satraplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Wosikowski
- From GPC Biotech, Fraunhoferstrasse 20, 82152 Martinsried/Munich, Germany.
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Schulz WA, Alexa A, Jung V, Hader C, Hoffmann MJ, Yamanaka M, Fritzsche S, Wlazlinski A, Müller M, Lengauer T, Engers R, Florl AR, Wullich B, Rahnenführer J. Factor interaction analysis for chromosome 8 and DNA methylation alterations highlights innate immune response suppression and cytoskeletal changes in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer 2007; 6:14. [PMID: 17280610 PMCID: PMC1797054 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-6-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2007] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations of chromosome 8 and hypomethylation of LINE-1 retrotransposons are common alterations in advanced prostate carcinoma. In a former study including many metastatic cases, they strongly correlated with each other. To elucidate a possible interaction between the two alterations, we investigated their relationship in less advanced prostate cancers. RESULTS In 50 primary tumor tissues, no correlation was observed between chromosome 8 alterations determined by comparative genomic hybridization and LINE-1 hypomethylation measured by Southern blot hybridization. The discrepancy towards the former study, which had been dominated by advanced stage cases, suggests that both alterations converge and interact during prostate cancer progression. Therefore, interaction analysis was performed on microarray-based expression profiles of cancers harboring both alterations, only one, or none. Application of a novel bioinformatic method identified Gene Ontology (GO) groups related to innate immunity, cytoskeletal organization and cell adhesion as common targets of both alterations. Many genes targeted by their interaction were involved in type I and II interferon signaling and several were functionally related to hereditary prostate cancer genes. In addition, the interaction appeared to influence a switch in the expression pattern of EPB41L genes encoding 4.1 cytoskeleton proteins. Real-time RT-PCR revealed GADD45A, MX1, EPB41L3/DAL1, and FBLN1 as generally downregulated in prostate cancer, whereas HOXB13 and EPB41L4B were upregulated. TLR3 was downregulated in a subset of the cases and associated with recurrence. Downregulation of EPB41L3, but not of GADD45A, was associated with promoter hypermethylation, which was detected in 79% of carcinoma samples. CONCLUSION Alterations of chromosome 8 and DNA hypomethylation in prostate cancer probably do not cause each other, but converge during progression. The present analysis implicates their interaction in innate immune response suppression and cytoskeletal changes during prostate cancer progression. The study thus highlights novel mechanisms in prostate cancer progression and identifies novel candidate genes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In particular, TLR3 expression might be useful for prostate cancer prognosis and EPB41L3 hypermethylation for its detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang A Schulz
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Adrian Alexa
- Max-Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Volker Jung
- Department of Urology, Medical University of the Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Hader
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Masanori Yamanaka
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sandy Fritzsche
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Agnes Wlazlinski
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mirko Müller
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Engers
- Institute of Pathology, Heinrich Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea R Florl
- Department of Urology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernd Wullich
- Department of Urology, Medical University of the Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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Ksenofontov V, Kroth K, Reiman S, Casper F, Jung V, Takahashi M, Takeda M, Felser C. Mössbauer spectroscopic study of half-Heusler compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s10751-006-9424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Jung V, Wullich B, Kamradt J, Stöckle M, Unteregger G. An improved in vitro model to characterize invasive growing cancer cells simultaneously by function and genetic aberrations. Toxicol In Vitro 2006; 21:183-90. [PMID: 17126525 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2006.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2006] [Revised: 09/12/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Invasion into the surrounding tissue and bone metastasis is a common feature of advanced prostate cancer. Chromosomal and other genetic or epigenetic abnormalities were aligned to this behaviour mostly by using permanent cell lines, paraffin embedded tissue or primary tumour samples. Both attempts fail to reflect either the original situation or functional information in the patient's tissue. Thus, we developed an improved in vitro assay to follow invasion of prostate cancer cells derived from fresh samples of radical prostatectomy specimens. Fresh tumour samples were applied onto Matrigeltrade mark-coated invasion chambers using a cocultivation model. Invasive growing cells were harvested from the bottom of the membrane or from the underlying gel and further characterized using comparative genomic hybridization. Prostate cancer cells have the capability to invasively grow through the barrier of a Matrigeltrade mark and could easily be sampled in a pad of Matrigeltrade mark. Comparative genomic hybridization revealed characteristic chromosomal aberrations of the invasive growing cells. Noteworthy is their ability to spheroid formation, which allows for further cell propagation by standard cell culture methods. Thus, our improved invasion model is a tool for the sampling of invasive growing cancer cells from fresh human tumour material allowing for functional as well as genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Jung
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Clinic of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Becker F, Jung V, Siemer S, Stöckle M, Wullich B. Genetische Charakterisierung eines Duct Bellini Carzinoms (DBC) in Verbindung mit klinischem Verlauf. Aktuelle Urol 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-947393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Jung V, Kindich R, Kamradt J, Jung M, Müller M, Schulz WA, Engers R, Unteregger G, Stöckle M, Zimmermann R, Wullich B. Genomic and expression analysis of the 3q25-q26 amplification unit reveals TLOC1/SEC62 as a probable target gene in prostate cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2006; 4:169-76. [PMID: 16547154 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-05-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gain at chromosome 3q25-q26 has been reported to commonly occur in prostate cancer. To map the 3q25-q26 amplification unit and to identify the candidate genes of amplification, we did fluorescence in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time PCR for gene copy number and mRNA expression measurements in prostate cancer cell lines and prostate cancer samples from radical prostatectomy specimens. The minimal overlapping region of DNA copy number gains in the cell lines could be narrowed down to 700 kb at 3q26.2. Of all positional and functional candidates in this region, the gene TLOC1/SEC62 revealed the highest frequency (50%) of copy number gains in the prostate cancer samples and was found to be up-regulated at the mRNA level in all samples analyzed. TLOC1/Sec62 protein was also shown to be overexpressed by Western blot analysis. Intriguingly, the TLOC1/SEC62 gene copy number was increased in prostate tumors from patients who had a lower risk of and a longer time to progression following radical prostatectomy. These findings make TLOC1/SEC62 the best candidate within the 3q amplification unit in prostate cancer. TLOC1/Sec62 protein is a component of the endoplasmic reticulum protein translocation machinery, whose function during prostate carcinogenesis remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Jung
- Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of the Saarland, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Schick B, Wemmert S, Jung V, Steudel WI, Montenarh M, Urbschat S. Genetic heterogeneity of the MYC oncogene in advanced juvenile angiofibromas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 164:25-31. [PMID: 16364759 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2005.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2005] [Revised: 06/02/2005] [Accepted: 06/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Despite their benign histological appearance, juvenile angiofibromas sometimes exhibit an aggressive growth behavior. Molecular and genetic analyses have detected beta-catenin mutations and androgen receptor gene gains in this tumor. Because intensive cross-talk among beta-catenin, androgen receptor, and C-MYC has been detected recently, we analyzed expression of the C-MYC protooncogene (MYC) on the genetic, transcriptional and translational level in seven sporadic juvenile angiofibromas. Two-color in situ hybridization analyses for chromosome 8 and MYC found in all seven juvenile angiofibromas significant MYC losses. In the three advanced juvenile angiofibromas of this series (Fisch stages III and IV) additional significant MYC gains were observed demonstrating a genetic heterogeneity for the MYC protooncogene. In cases of genetic MYC heterogeneity, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis, Western blot investigations, and immunohistology showed increased C-MYC mRNA and protein levels. Semiquantitative RT-PCR analyses from laser microdissected endothelial cells and fibroblasts found no differences of C-MYC mRNA levels, leaving open the question of the neoplastic cell in juvenile angiofibromas. The finding of genetic MYC heterogeneity associated with C-MYC overexpression on the mRNA and protein level in advanced juvenile angiofibromas indicates involvement of the MYC oncogene in aggressive growth behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Schick
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
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Klein A, Jung V, Zang KD, Henn W, Montenarh M, Kartarius S, Steudel WI, Urbschat S. Detailed chromosomal characterization of the breast cancer cell line MCF7 with special focus on the expression of the serine-threonine kinase 15. Oncol Rep 2005; 14:23-31. [PMID: 15944763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the cell line MCF7 is widely used in breast cancer research, its cytogenetic properties have not been thoroughly investigated so far. As conventional G-banding analysis cannot resolve the complex chromosome aberrations, we investigated MCF7 cells using molecular-cytogenetic methods, with particular attention to the DNA amplification site on chromosome 20q. With spectral karyotyping we found numerous unbalanced chromosome translocations, and with comparative genomic hybridization we detected many quantitative genomic imbalances. Furthermore, we analyzed the amplified region at 20q with the candidate tumour susceptibility gene STK15 in detail by fluorescence in situ hybridization, whole chromosome painting, immunohistochemistry, Western blot and expression analysis. In MCF7 interphase cells we found increased copy number of the STK15 gene associated with overexpression of STK15 mRNA. Accordingly, STK15 protein is overexpressed as compared to normal human fibroblasts in Western blot analysis. Overexpression of STK15 mRNA and protein is disproportionally stronger than that expected from the single additional copy of the STK15 gene. These data indicate that the highly increased level of STK15 protein in MCF7 cannot be explained by gene amplification alone. Apparently, secondary mechanisms of gene up-regulation are involved. This observation may be of general interest with regard to the activation of oncogenes in tumour cells.
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MESH Headings
- Aurora Kinase A
- Aurora Kinases
- Blotting, Western
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20/genetics
- Gene Amplification
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genome, Human
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
- Karyotyping
- Nucleic Acid Hybridization/methods
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Spectral Karyotyping
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Klein
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Hodapp-Lang M, Jung V, Kaiser U. Relevanz psychosozialer Aspekte in der pädiatrischen pneumologischen/dermatologischen Rehabilitation. Pneumologie 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-864269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Schick B, Veldung B, Wemmert S, Jung V, Montenarh M, Meese E, Urbschat S. p53 and Her-2/neu in juvenile angiofibromas. Oncol Rep 2005; 13:453-7. [PMID: 15706416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of juvenile angiofibroma (JA) remains unsolved. Further, it is unknown whether this fibrovascular tumour arises from the endothelial or stromal cells. Comparative genomic hybridisation analysis of these tumours revealed deletions of chromosome 17, including regions for the tumour suppressor gene p53 as well as the Her-2/neu oncogene, which are altered in many human tumours. In order to analyse if they are also important for progression of JA, the p53 gene and Her-2/neu gene were evaluated in 7 tumours by two-colour in situ hybridisation analysis using probes for the centromer of chromosome 17 either with a specific probe against p53 or Her-2/neu. In 5 out of 7 JAs, gene losses were detected for both genes ranging from 10.5 to 31.5%, respectively. Gene amplifications were not observed. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis from laser microdissected single endothelial cells and fibroblasts showed up-regulated p53 mRNA levels in 4 out of the 7 JAs analysed in both investigated cell types and in one case in only endothelial cells. Her-2/neu mRNA was noted to be up-regulated in 2 JAs and down-regulated in 1 JA for both cell types. Western blot analysis as well as immunohistochemistry detected no p53 protein in the 5 investigated JAs, indicating absence of mutated p53. Our findings indicate that chromosomal losses on chromosome 17 imply p53 gene and Her-2/neu gene losses in JAs. However, comparison of p53 and Her-2/neu mRNA levels in laser microdissected endothelial and stromal cells were not conclusive to answer the question of the tumour cell of origin in JA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Schick
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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Kindich R, Florl AR, Jung V, Engers R, Müller M, Schulz WA, Wullich B. Application of a Modified Real-Time PCR Technique for Relative Gene Copy Number Quantification to the Determination of the Relationship between NKX3.1 Loss and MYC Gain in Prostate Cancer. Clin Chem 2005; 51:649-52. [PMID: 15738520 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2004.045013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Kindich
- Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of the Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Klein A, Reichardt W, Jung V, Zang KD, Meese E, Urbschat S. Overexpression and amplification of STK15 in human gliomas. Int J Oncol 2004; 25:1789-94. [PMID: 15547718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase 15 (STK15) at chromosome 20q13.2 is frequently shown to be amplified and overexpressed in several human cancers. STK15 has been reported to act as a cell cycle regulator and its overexpression induces centrosome amplification and aneuploidy. Recently we showed that STK15 even plays a role in human malignant brain tumours and we described an amplification of the gene in 31% of the investigated gliomas. In this study we scrutinized the correlation of increased STK15 on DNA and mRNA levels in gliomas of different histological grades. Southern blotting confirmed the amplification frequency of the STK15 gene, which had been previously detected by comparative PCR. In total, DNA gains were found in 26% of the investigated gliomas. Interestingly, we detected overexpression of STK15 mRNA in 60% of the analyzed brain tumours. The elevated expression does not strongly correlate with gains on DNA level, but all cases with an amplification of the STK15 gene display overexpression. Gains of the STK15 gene seem to occur irrespectively of the histological grades of the tumours, so that STK15 probably is not a progression associated factor. Amplification and overexpression of the kinase rather represent a primary alteration in human gliomas, which could play an important role as an early event in all glioma subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Klein
- Institute of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Building 60, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany
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Schick B, Praetorius M, Eigenthaler M, Jung V, Müller M, Walter U, Knipper M. Increased noise sensitivity and altered inner ear MENA distribution in VASP-/- mice. Cell Tissue Res 2004; 318:493-502. [PMID: 15578270 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-004-0964-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2004] [Accepted: 06/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) and mammalian-enabled protein (MENA) share similar cellular localisation and functions (signal transduction pathways, regulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics). Functional substitution and compensation among Ena/VASP proteins have been proposed as the reason for the absence of major morphological and functional deficits in VASP-/- mice. The aim of this study was to investigate VASP expression in the mouse cochlea, to analyse cochlear function in VASP-/- mice compared with wildtype mice, and to analyse cochlear MENA distribution taking into account that MENA protein might compensate VASP loss in the cochlea of VASP-/- mice. We confirmed specific VASP expression in the pillar cells of the mice organ of Corti as previously reported for rat cochlea. By analysing the hearing function in VASP-/- mice, we found no differences in auditory brainstem responses and distortion product otoacoustic emissions from those of wildtype mice but evidence for an increased noise sensitivity at lower frequencies. When MENA protein levels in cochlea tissue were tested in mutant and wildtype mice by Western blot analysis, no significant differences were found, as was also seen with regard to MENA mRNA levels in laser-microdissected single pillar cells. Most surprisingly, however, MENA protein was absent in pillar cells of VASP-/- mice, whereas it was detected in other cochlear cells. The finding of a cell-specific, and not organ-specific, redundancy of MENA protein expression noted for the first time in VASP-/- mice is proposed as the reason for the observed distinct cochlear phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Schick
- Department of Otolaryngology, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
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Wullich B, Riedinger S, Brinck U, Stoeckle M, Kamradt J, Ketter R, Jung V. Evidence for gains at 15q and 20q in brain metastases of prostate cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 154:119-23. [PMID: 15474146 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2004.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2003] [Revised: 12/23/2003] [Accepted: 01/06/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Many detailed genetic studies have been reported on prostate carcinogenesis. A major shortcoming of these studies, however, is the fact that most data have been gained from investigations that were performed at a single point of time during tumor development. Only little is known on the dynamic process of genetic changes during the course of the disease. We performed comparative genomic hybridization in two cases of prostate cancer brain metastases. Tissue samples from the primary tumors, the locally recurrent tumor in one case, and the brain metastases from both cases were available for analysis. The number of chromosome abnormalities was found to be increased in the metastases. This contrasts to a remarkably stable chromosome composition of the primary tumor over several years, even in an androgen-depleted environment. When focusing on these changes, which either emerged as new common aberrations in both brain metastases, or which were commonly present in the primary and metastatic tumors, we were able to delineate five chromosomal sites that are assumed to be related to prostate cancer metastasis: 8q21 approximately q22, 8q24, 15q24 approximately q26, 20q12 approximately q13.1, and Xq12 approximately q21. These findings provide new evidence for a putative role of genes at 15q and 20q in the metastatic process of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Wullich
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University of the Saarland, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
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Koch W, Jung V, von Beckerath N, Schömig A, Kastrati A. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene polymorphisms and restenosis in diabetic patients after stenting in coronary arteries. Diabetologia 2004; 47:1126-7. [PMID: 15156314 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-004-1406-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2004] [Accepted: 03/25/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Veldung B, Schick B, Wemmert S, Jung V, Praetorius MJ, Urbschat S, Plinkert PK. Veränderungen von p53 in juvenilen Angiofibromen. Laryngorhinootologie 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-823688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Schick B, Wemmert S, Jung V, Praetorius MJ, Urbschat S, Plinkert PK. Nachweis von Veränderungen des Protoonkogens c-myc in juvenilen Angiofibromen. Laryngorhinootologie 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-823687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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