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Messner M, Ghadge SK, Seiringer H, Maurer T, Staggl S, Zeller T, Mueller C, Wenninger WJ, Geyer SH, Sopper S, Krogsdam A, Poelzl G, Bauer A, Zaruba MM. Smooth muscle cell specific ablation of CXCL12 downregulates endothelial CXCR7 leading to defective coronary arteries and cardiac hypertrophy. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
The chemokine CXCL12 plays a fundamental role in cardiovascular development, cell trafficking, and myocardial repair. Human genome-wide association studies even have identified novel loci downstream of the CXCL12 gene locus associated with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Nevertheless, cell and tissue specific effects of CXCL12 are barely understood. Since we detected high expression of CXCL12 in smooth muscle (SM) cells, we generated a SM22-alpha-Cre driven mouse model to ablate CXCL12 (SM-CXCL12−/−).
Methods and results
SM-CXCL12−/− mice revealed high embryonic lethality (50%) with developmental defects, including aberrant topology of coronary arteries. Postnatally, SM-CXCL12−/− mice developed severe cardiac hypertrophy associated with fibrosis, apoptotic cell death, impaired heart function, and severe coronary vascular defects characterized by thinned and dilated arteries. Transcriptome analyses showed specific upregulation of pathways associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, collagen protein network, heart-related proteoglycans, and downregulation of the M2 macrophage modulators. CXCL12 mutants showed endothelial downregulation of the CXCL12 co-receptor CXCR7. Treatment of SM-CXCL12−/− mice with the CXCR7 agonist TC14012 attenuated cardiac hypertrophy associated with increased pERK signaling.
Conclusion
Our data suggest a critical role of smooth muscle-specific CXCL12 in arterial development, vessel maturation, and cardiac hypertrophy. Pharmacological stimulation of CXCR7 might be a promising target to attenuate adverse hypertrophic remodeling.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): FWF-Austria
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Affiliation(s)
- M Messner
- Innsbruck Medical University, Cardiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S K Ghadge
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Seiringer
- Innsbruck Medical University, Cardiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T Maurer
- Innsbruck Medical University, Cardiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - S Staggl
- Innsbruck Medical University, Cardiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - T Zeller
- University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Molecular Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Mueller
- University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Molecular Cardiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - S H Geyer
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Sopper
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Haematology & Oncology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A Krogsdam
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - G Poelzl
- Innsbruck Medical University, Cardiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - A Bauer
- Innsbruck Medical University, Cardiology, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - M M Zaruba
- Innsbruck Medical University, Cardiology, Innsbruck, Austria
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the predictive factors and functional outcomes of patients who were discharged from an acute rehabilitation unit to a nursing home care unit (NHCU) at a Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital. DESIGN Cohort descriptive study. SETTING An academically affiliated urban VA Medical Center. PATIENTS All patients (n = 81, median age 68 years) admitted to a VA rehabilitation unit over a 1-year period. OUTCOME MEASURES Discharge locations, predictors for NHCU transfer, and functional status as determined by Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores. RESULTS Patients discharged to the NHCU (17%) were compared with those discharged to the community (80%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that acute rehabilitation length of stay (LOS), admission, and discharge FIM scores were the only independent variables that predicted discharge to the VA NHCU. Although overall FIM gains in both groups during acute rehabilitation were similar, the NHCU group had significantly lower admission FIM scores and lower LOS efficiency because of longer acute rehabilitation LOS. Postacute NHCU rehabilitation resulted in significant gains in FIM scores at a slower rate. Sixty-four percent of these nursing home patients eventually returned to the community. CONCLUSION Nursing home rehabilitation can result in favorable functional and community outcomes for selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Kosasih
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Wisconsin and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee 53295, USA
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Benzel EC, Larson SJ, Kerk JJ, Millington PJ, Novak SM, Falkner RH, Wenninger WJ. The thermoplastic Minerva body jacket: a clinical comparison with other cervical spine splinting techniques. J Spinal Disord 1992; 5:311-9. [PMID: 1520990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A retrospective analysis of the efficacy of a variety of external stabilization techniques used in 155 cases of unstable cervical spine injuries is presented. The movement at each intervertebral level was evaluated during thermoplastic Minerva body jacket stabilization in 18 additional patients. Many currently available approaches to external stabilization of the cervical spine were, thus, assessed. Thermoplastic Minerva body jacket stabilization offered superior segmental immobilization compared with published data for the halo. It is concluded that some unstable injuries to the high cervical spine might best be treated with a halo device, whereas mid to low cervical injuries and the remaining upper cervical spine injuries appear to be optimally treated with a Minerva jacket. Lesser injuries may be treated with a variety of available orthoses. The thermoplastic Minerva body jacket offers a superior limitation of intervertebral movement compared with other commonly used braces, including the halo jacket, for most cervical spine injuries. The technique of application of the thermoplastic Minerva body jacket is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Benzel
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque 87131
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