Complete Pectoralis Major Tendon Rupture in a Calisthenics Athlete: A Case Report

We report a rare case of pectoralis major rupture during a body weight calisthenics exercise that was treated surgically. We highlighted the rehabilitation protocol which enabled him to regain full strength and return to his sport in three months.

Audit of pain management in the emergency department

Pain management in Malaysian Emergency Departments has not been studied well. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 402 patients who presented with acute pain over a 2-week period. The 11-point Numerical Rating Scale was used to quantify pain. Pain relieving medications were prescribed to 178 patients (44.3%) in the Emergency Department. These patients had a median pain score of 7 on arrival. Nonsteroidal anti inflammatory drugs were the most commonly prescribed class of analgesic. Pain was found to be inadequately treated.

Polychromatic light-emitting diodes with a fluorescent nanosphere opal coating

A hexagonally close-packed array consisting of fluorescent nanospheres was coated onto short-wavelength GaN light-emitting diodes to demonstrate polychromatic white light emission. The spherical particles self-assemble into ordered three-dimensional opal structures, performing the role of color conversion to generate a polychromatic spectrum with smooth and uniform emission patterns. Different ratios of green and orange-red fluorescent nanospheres were mixed and coated onto high-extraction-efficiency micro-LEDs. Four devices with different shades of white emission were demonstrated. Device A, with a high content of orange-red nanospheres, offers the highest CRI value of 80, whereas device C with a well-balanced ratio of green and orange-red nanospheres exhibits color characteristics closest to ideal white with CIE coordinate at (0.34, 0.34). At 20 mA driving current, the luminous efficacy of the devices A, B, C, and D are 40.5 lm W(-1), 57.7 lm W(-1), 63.1 lm W(-1), and 67.2 lm W(-1) respectively, while the correlated color temperatures (CCTs) of the corresponding devices are 3587, 4778, 5271, and 13 000 K.

Photonic crystal light-emitting diodes fabricated by microsphere lithography

Instead of using conventional electron lithography, a two-dimensional photonic crystal consisting of a hexagonal array of triangular air-holes was created on the surface of a GaN LED substrate using microsphere lithography. The microspheres self-assemble into a single-layered hexagonal-close-packed array acting as an etch mask. A significant enhancement in photoluminescence intensity was recorded from the PhC LED structure. A twofold increase in electroluminescence was observed from the PhC LED compared to an as-grown LED with identical geometry. Besides geometrical factors due to surface roughening, the dispersive nature of PhCs and diffractive properties of the PhC as a grating contribute to the enhancement of light extraction from the LED.