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Rosso V, Linnamo V, Vanlandewijck Y, Rapp W, Fasel B, Karczewska-Lindinger M, Lindinger S, Gastaldi L. Evaluating objective measures of impairment to trunk strength and control for cross-country sit skiing. Sports Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12283-021-00342-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIn Paralympic cross-country sit skiing, athlete classification is performed by an expert panel, so it may be affected by subjectivity. An evidence-based classification is required, in which objective measures of impairment must be identified. The purposes of this study were: (i) to evaluate the reliability of 5 trunk strength measures and 18 trunk control measures developed for the purposes of classification; (ii) to rank the objective measures, according to the largest effects on performance. Using a new testing device, 14 elite sit-skiers performed two upright seated press tests and one simulated poling test to evaluate trunk strength. They were also subjected to unpredictable balance perturbations to measure trunk control. Tests were repeated on two separate days and test–retest reliability of trunk strength and trunk control measures was evaluated. A cluster analysis was run and correlation was evaluated, including all strength and control measures, to identify the measures that contributed most to clustering participants. Intraclass correlations coefficients (ICC) were 0.71 < ICC < 0.98 and 0.83 < ICC < 0.99 for upright seated press and perturbations, respectively. Cluster analysis identified three clusters with relevance for strength and balance control measures. For strength, in upright seated press peak anterior pushing force without backrest (effect size = 0.77) and ratio of peak anterior pushing force without and with backrest (effect size = 0.72) were significant. For balance control measures, trunk range of motion in forward (effect size = 0.81) and backward (effect size = 0.75) perturbations also contributed. High correlations (− 0.76 < r < − 0.53) were found between strength and control measures. The new testing device, protocol, and the cluster analysis show promising results in assessing impairment of trunk strength and control to empower an evidence-based classification.
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Lajunen K, Rapp W, Ahtiainen JP, Lindinger SJ, Linnamo V. Effect of Sitting Posture on Sit-Skiing Economy in Non-disabled Athletes. Front Sports Act Living 2020; 2:44. [PMID: 33345036 PMCID: PMC7739656 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on resolving the differences in economy between two common sit-skiing postures used by disabled athletes, suspected to be the most and least effective. Ten experienced non-disabled male cross-country skiers went through an incremental testing protocol with an ergometer simulating double poling in two sitting postures “kneeing” and “knee-high.” The protocol consisted of 3 × 4 min steady-state stages (13, 22, and 34% of maximal sprint power output). Subjects' respiratory gases and heart rate were measured and blood lactate concentrations were determined. In addition, pulling forces and motion capture recordings were collected. Oxygen consumption was 15.5% (p < 0.01) higher with “knee-high” compared to “kneeing” at stage three. At stage three cycle rate was 13.8% higher (p < 0.01) and impulse of force 13.0% (p < 0.05) and hip range of motion 46.6% lower (p < 0.01) with “knee-high” compared to “kneeing.” “Kneeing” was found to be considerably more economical than “knee-high” especially at 34% of maximum sprint power output. This might have been due to higher cycle rate, lower impulse of force and smaller hip range of motion with “knee-high” compared to “kneeing.” This indicates that sit-skiers should adopt, if possible, posture more resembling the “kneeing” than the “knee-high” posture. Combining such physiological and biomechanical measurements and to further develop them to integrated miniature wearable sensors could offer new possibilities for training and testing both in the laboratory and in the field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimmo Lajunen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Walter Rapp
- Olympic Training Centre Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juha P. Ahtiainen
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Stefan J. Lindinger
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, Center for Health and Performance, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vesa Linnamo
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
- *Correspondence: Vesa Linnamo
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Rosso V, Gastaldi L, Rapp W, Lindinger S, Vanlandewijck Y, Äyrämö S, Linnamo V. Balance Perturbations as a Measurement Tool for Trunk Impairment in Cross-Country Sit Skiing. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2018; 36:1-16. [PMID: 30563347 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2017-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In cross-country sit-skiing, the trunk plays a crucial role in propulsion generation and balance maintenance. Trunk stability is evaluated by automatic responses to unpredictable perturbations; however, electromyography is challenging. The aim of this study was to identify a measure to group sit-skiers according to their ability to control the trunk. Seated in their competitive sit-ski, 10 male and 5 female Paralympic sit-skiers received 6 forward and 6 backward unpredictable perturbations in random order. k-means clustered trunk position at rest, delay to invert the trunk motion, and trunk range of motion significantly into 2 groups. In conclusion, unpredictable perturbations might quantify trunk impairment and may become an important tool in the development of an evidence-based classification system for cross-country sit-skiers.
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Göpfert C, Lindinger SJ, Ohtonen O, Rapp W, Müller E, Linnamo V. Arm swing during skating at different skiing speeds affects skiing mechanics and performance. Transl Sports Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/tsm2.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Göpfert
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology; University of Salzburg; Salzburg Austria
- Sports Technology Unit; Department of Biology of Physical Activity; Neuromuscular Research Centre; University of Jyväskylä; Vuokatti Finland
| | - Stefan J. Lindinger
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology; University of Salzburg; Salzburg Austria
| | - Olli Ohtonen
- Sports Technology Unit; Department of Biology of Physical Activity; Neuromuscular Research Centre; University of Jyväskylä; Vuokatti Finland
| | - Walter Rapp
- Olympic Training Centre Freiburg-Schwarzwald; Freiburg Germany
| | - Erich Müller
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology; University of Salzburg; Salzburg Austria
| | - Vesa Linnamo
- Sports Technology Unit; Department of Biology of Physical Activity; Neuromuscular Research Centre; University of Jyväskylä; Vuokatti Finland
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von Laßberg C, Schneid JA, Graf D, Finger F, Rapp W, Stutzig N. Longitudinal sequencing in intramuscular coordination: A new hypothesis of dynamic functions in the human rectus femoris muscle. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183204. [PMID: 28817715 PMCID: PMC5560678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The punctum fixum-punctum mobile model has been introduced in previous publications. It describes general principles of intersegmental neuromuscular succession patterns to most efficiently generate specific movement intentions. The general hypothesis of this study is that these principles—if they really do indicate a fundamental basis for efficient movement generation—should also be found in intramuscular coordination and should be indicated by “longitudinal sequencing” between fibers according to the principles of the punctum fixum-punctum mobile model. Based on this general hypothesis an operationalized model was developed for the rectus femoris muscle (RF), to exemplarily scrutinize this hypothesis for the RF. Electromyography was performed for 14 healthy male participants by using two intramuscular fine wire electrodes in the RF (placed proximal and distal), three surface electrodes over the RF (placed proximal, middle, and distal), and two surface electrodes over the antagonists (m. biceps femoris and m. semitendinosus). Three movement tasks were measured: kicking movements; deceleration after sprints; and passively induced backward accelerations of the leg. The results suggest that proximal fibers can be activated independently from distal fibers within the RF. Further, it was shown that the hypothesized function of “intramuscular longitudinal sequencing” does exist during dynamic movements. According to the punctum fixum-punctum mobile model, the activation succession between fibers changes direction (from proximal to distal or inversely) depending on the intentional context. Thus, the results seem to support the general hypothesis for the RF and could be principally in line with the operationalized “inter-fiber to tendon interaction model”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph von Laßberg
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Clinic, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Julia A. Schneid
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Graf
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Finger
- Institute of Sports Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Walter Rapp
- Institute of Sports and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Norman Stutzig
- Department of Sport and Motion Science, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
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Ohtonen O, Lindinger SJ, Göpfert C, Rapp W, Linnamo V. Changes in biomechanics of skiing at maximal velocity caused by simulated 20-km skiing race using V2 skating technique. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 28:479-486. [PMID: 28508404 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated how the fatigue caused by a 20-km simulated skating cross-country skiing race on snow affects the final spurt performance from a biomechanical perspective. Subjects performed a 100-m maximal skiing trial before and at the end of the simulated race. Cycle characteristics, ground reaction forces from skis and poles, and muscle activity from eight muscles were recorded during each trial. Results showed that subjects were in a fatigued state after the simulated race manifested by 11.6% lower skiing speed (P<.01). The lower skiing speed was related to an 8.0% decrease in cycle rate (P<.01), whereas cycle length was slightly decreased (tendency). In temporal patterns, relative kick time was increased (10.9%, P<.01) while relative poling time was slightly decreased (tendency). Vertical ski force production decreased by 8.3% while pole force production decreased by 26.0% (both, P<.01). Muscle activation was generally decreased in upper (39.2%) and lower body (30.7%) (both, P<.01). Together these findings show different responses to fatigue in the upper and lower body. In ski forces, fatigue was observed via longer force production times while force production levels decreased only slightly. Pole forces showed equal force production times in the fatigued state while force production level decreased threefold compared to the ski forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ohtonen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Vuokatti, Finland
| | - S J Lindinger
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Göpfert
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Vuokatti, Finland.,Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - W Rapp
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - V Linnamo
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Vuokatti, Finland
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Göpfert C, Lindinger SJ, Ohtonen O, Rapp W, Müller E, Linnamo V. The effect of swinging the arms on muscle activation and production of leg force during ski skating at different skiing speeds. Hum Mov Sci 2016; 47:209-219. [PMID: 27031075 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated the effects of arm swing during leg push-off in V2-alternate/G4 skating on neuromuscular activation and force production by the leg muscles. Nine skilled cross-country skiers performed V2-alternate skating without poles at moderate, high, and maximal speeds, both with free (SWING) and restricted arm swing (NOSWING). Maximal speed was 5% greater in SWING (P<0.01), while neuromuscular activation and produced forces did not differ between techniques. At both moderate and high speed the maximal (2% and 5%, respectively) and average (both 5%) vertical force and associated impulse (10% and 14%) were greater with SWING (all P<0.05). At high speed range of motion and angular velocity of knee flexion were 24% greater with SWING (both P<0.05), while average EMG of m. biceps femoris was 31% lower (all P<0.05) in SWING. In a similar manner, the average EMG of m. vastus medialis and m. biceps femoris were lower (17% and 32%, P<0.05) during the following knee extension. Thus, swinging the arms while performing V2-alternate can enhance both maximal speed and skiing economy at moderate and, in particularly, high speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Göpfert
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Schlossallee 49, 5400 Hallein/Rif, Salzburg, Austria; Sports Technology Unit, Department of Biology of Physical Activity, Neuromuscular Research Centre, University of Jyväskylä, Kidekuja 2, Snowpolis, 88610 Vuokatti, Finland.
| | - Stefan J Lindinger
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Schlossallee 49, 5400 Hallein/Rif, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Olli Ohtonen
- Sports Technology Unit, Department of Biology of Physical Activity, Neuromuscular Research Centre, University of Jyväskylä, Kidekuja 2, Snowpolis, 88610 Vuokatti, Finland.
| | - Walter Rapp
- Department of Sport and Sport Science, University of Freiburg, Schwarzwaldstraße 175, 79117 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Erich Müller
- Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology, University of Salzburg, Schlossallee 49, 5400 Hallein/Rif, Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Vesa Linnamo
- Sports Technology Unit, Department of Biology of Physical Activity, Neuromuscular Research Centre, University of Jyväskylä, Kidekuja 2, Snowpolis, 88610 Vuokatti, Finland.
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Wolburg T, Rapp W, Rieger J, Horstmann T. Muscle activity of leg muscles during unipedal stance on therapy devices with different stability properties. Phys Ther Sport 2015; 17:58-62. [PMID: 26521158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the hypotheses that less stable therapy devices require greater muscle activity and that lower leg muscles will have greater increases in muscle activity with less stable therapy devices than upper leg muscles. DESIGN Cross-sectional laboratory study. SETTING Laboratory setting. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-five healthy subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Electromyographic activity of four lower (gastrocnemius medialis, soleus, tibialis anterior, peroneus longus) and four upper leg muscles (vastus medialis and lateralis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus) during unipedal quiet barefoot stance on the dominant leg on a flat rigid surface and on five therapy devices with varying stability properties. RESULTS Muscle activity during unipedal stance differed significantly between therapy devices (P < 0.001). The order from lowest to highest relative muscle activity matched the order from most to least stable therapy device. There was no significant interaction between muscle location (lower versus upper leg) and therapy device (P = 0.985). Magnitudes of additional relative muscle activity for the respective therapy devices differed substantially among lower extremity muscles. CONCLUSIONS The therapy devices offer a progressive increase in training intensity, and thus may be useful for incremental training programs in physiotherapeutic practice and sports training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Walter Rapp
- Institute for Sport and Sport Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Germany; Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Jochen Rieger
- Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Horstmann
- Medical Park Bad Wiessee St. Hubertus, Bad Wiessee, Germany; Faculty for Sport and Health Sciences, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Rapp W, Brauner T, Weber L, Grau S, Mündermann A, Horstmann T. Improvement of walking speed and gait symmetry in older patients after hip arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2015; 16:291. [PMID: 26459628 PMCID: PMC4603916 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-015-0755-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Retraining walking in patients after hip or knee arthroplasty is an important component of rehabilitation especially in older persons whose social interactions are influenced by their level of mobility. The objective of this study was to test the effect of an intensive inpatient rehabilitation program on walking speed and gait symmetry in patients after hip arthroplasty (THA) using inertial sensor technology. Methods Twenty-nine patients undergoing a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation program following THA and 30 age-matched healthy subjects participated in this study. Walking speed and gait symmetry parameters were measured using inertial sensor device for standardized walking trials (2*20.3 m in a gym) at their self-selected normal and fast walking speeds on postoperative days 15, 21, and 27 in patients and in a single session in control subjects. Walking speed was measured using timing lights. Gait symmetry was determined using autocorrelation calculation of the cranio-caudal (CC) acceleration signals from an inertial sensor placed at the lower spine. Results Walking speed and gait symmetry improved from postoperative days 15–27 (speed, female: 3.2 and 4.5 m/s; male: 4.2 and 5.2 m/s; autocorrelation, female: 0.77 and 0.81; male: 0.70 and 0.79; P <0.001 for all). After the 4-week rehabilitation program, walking speed and gait symmetry were still lower than those in control subjects (speed, female 4.5 m/s vs. 5.7 m/s; male: 5.2 m/s vs. 5.3 m/s; autocorrelation, female: 0.81 vs. 0.88; male: 0.79 vs. 0.90; P <0.001 for all). Conclusions While patients with THA improved their walking capacity during a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation program, subsequent intensive gait training is warranted for achieving normal gait symmetry. Inertial sensor technology may be a useful tool for evaluating the rehabilitation process during the post-inpatient period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Rapp
- Institute of Sport and Sport Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs Universität Freiburg, Schwarzwaldstr 175, 79117, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Torsten Brauner
- Conservative & Rehabilitative Orthopedics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Linda Weber
- Conservative & Rehabilitative Orthopedics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| | - Stefan Grau
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | | | - Thomas Horstmann
- Conservative & Rehabilitative Orthopedics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. .,Medical Park St. Hubertus, Bad Wiessee, Germany.
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von Laßberg C, Rapp W. The punctum fixum-punctum mobile model: a neuromuscular principle for efficient movement generation? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120193. [PMID: 25822498 PMCID: PMC4378895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the “punctum fixum–punctum mobile model” that was introduced in prior studies, for generation of the most effective intentional acceleration of a body part the intersegmental neuromuscular onset succession has to spread successively from the rotation axis (punctum fixum) toward the body part that shall be accelerated (punctum mobile). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether this principle is, indeed, fundamental for any kind of efficient rotational accelerations in general, independent of the kind of movements, type of rotational axis, the current body position, or movement direction. Neuromuscular onset succession was captured by surface electromyography of relevant muscles of the anterior and posterior muscle chain in 16 high-level gymnasts during intentional accelerating movement phases while performing 18 different gymnastics elements (in various body positions to forward and backward, performed on high bar, parallel bars, rings and trampoline), as well as during non-sport specific pivot movements around the longitudinal axis. The succession patterns to generate the acceleration phases during these movements were described and statistically evaluated based on the onset time difference between the muscles of the corresponding muscle chain. In all the analyzed movement phases, the results clearly support the hypothesized succession pattern from punctum fixum to punctum mobile. This principle was further underlined by the finding that the succession patterns do change their direction running through the body when the rotational axis (punctum fixum) has been changed (e.g., high bar or rings [hands] vs. floor or trampoline [feet]). The findings improve our understanding of intersegmental neuromuscular coordination patterns to generate intentional movements most efficiently. This could help to develop more specific methods to facilitate such patterns in particular contexts, thus allowing for shorter motor learning procedures of context-specific key movement sequences in different disciplines of sports, as well as during non-sport specific movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph von Laßberg
- Institute of General Kinesiology and Athletics Training, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Walter Rapp
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the spinal posture in young athletes depending on training intensity. The spinal curvature of 245 children, age 8 to 12 years, was evaluated using rasterstereography. According to their weekly training time group 1 (mean age: 9.54 ± 1.18) did 2-6, group 2 (mean age: 9.49 ± 0.87) did 6-15 and group 3 (mean age: 9.68 ± 0.87) did over 15 hours of training. Group 1 had a significantly higher weight (p = 0.028) (33.86 ± 7. kg) than those of the more active groups (30.67 ± 6.49 kg and 29.46 ± 4.33 kg). The mean kyphotic angle decreased significantly (p < 0.001) with the amount of training per week from 46.86 ± 8.2° in group 1 to 40.08 ± 8° in group 3. We also found a significant decrease (p = 0.047) in lateral deviation with training from group 1 with 5.3 ± 3 mm to group 2 with 4.1 ± 1.6 mm. The results of our study suggest that higher training time can be associated with lower weight and decreases in thoracic kyphosis and lateral deviation of the spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Betsch
- a Department of Orthopaedics , University Hospital RWTH Aachen , Germany
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Betsch M, Wehrle R, Dor L, Rapp W, Jungbluth P, Hakimi M, Wild M. Spinal posture and pelvic position during pregnancy: a prospective rasterstereographic pilot study. Eur Spine J 2014; 24:1282-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00586-014-3521-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES This survey explores the role of big data and health analytics developed by IBM in supporting the transformation of healthcare by augmenting evidence-based decision-making. METHODS Some problems in healthcare and strategies for change are described. It is argued that change requires better decisions, which, in turn, require better use of the many kinds of healthcare information. Analytic resources that address each of the information challenges are described. Examples of the role of each of the resources are given. RESULTS There are powerful analytic tools that utilize the various kinds of big data in healthcare to help clinicians make more personalized, evidenced-based decisions. Such resources can extract relevant information and provide insights that clinicians can use to make evidence-supported decisions. There are early suggestions that these resources have clinical value. As with all analytic tools, they are limited by the amount and quality of data. CONCLUSION Big data is an inevitable part of the future of healthcare. There is a compelling need to manage and use big data to make better decisions to support the transformation of healthcare to the personalized, evidence-supported model of the future. Cognitive computing resources are necessary to manage the challenges in employing big data in healthcare. Such tools have been and are being developed. The analytic resources, themselves, do not drive, but support healthcare transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Kohn
- Martin S. Kohn, MD, MS, FACEP, FACPE, Chief Medical Scientist, Jointly Health, Big Data Analytics for Remote Patient Monitoring, 120 Vantis, #570, Aliso Viejo, CA, 92656, USA, E-mail:
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Kindt T, Lippert E, Rapp W. The Influence of the Excitation Intensity on the Laser Spectra of acidified Solutions of 4-Methylumbelliferone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1515/zna-1972-8-939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The influence of the excitation intensity on the laser spectra of solutions of 4-methylumbelliferone in HCl/C2H5OH has been investigated. There are three distinct laser emissions at 4100 Å, 4900 Å and 5300 Å, respectively, the third of which only occurs within a HCl-concentration range of 10 -2 m/l < cHCl < 2.5 m/l. This emission is quenched if the laser threshold for the emission of the neutral form of 4-methylumbelliferonc at 4100 Å is exceeded.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Kindt
- Iwan N. Stranski-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technischen Universität Berlin
| | - E. Lippert
- Iwan N. Stranski-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technischen Universität Berlin
| | - W. Rapp
- Iwan N. Stranski-Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Technischen Universität Berlin
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von Laßberg C, Rapp W, Krug J. Patterns of anterior and posterior muscle chain interactions during high performance long-hang elements in gymnastics. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2014; 24:359-66. [PMID: 24709113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a prior study with high level gymnasts we could demonstrate that the neuromuscular activation pattern during the "whip-like" leg acceleration phases (LAP) in accelerating movement sequences on high bar, primarily runs in a consecutive succession from the bar (punctum fixum) to the legs (punctum mobile). The current study presents how the neuromuscular activation is represented during movement sequences that immediately follow the LAP by the antagonist muscle chain to generate an effective transfer of momentum for performing specific elements, based on the energy generated by the preceding LAP. Thirteen high level gymnasts were assessed by surface electromyography during high performance elements on high bar and parallel bars. The results show that the neuromuscular succession runs primarily from punctum mobile towards punctum fixum for generating the transfer of momentum. Additionally, further principles of neuromuscular interactions between the anterior and posterior muscle chain during such movement sequences are presented. The findings complement the understanding of neuromuscular activation patterns during rotational movements around fixed axes and will help to form the basis of more direct and better teaching methods regarding earlier optimization and facilitation of the motor learning process concerning fundamental movement requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph von Laßberg
- Institute of General Kinesiology and Athletics Training, University of Leipzig, Germany; Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Walter Rapp
- Medical Clinic, Department of Sports Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Krug
- Institute of General Kinesiology and Athletics Training, University of Leipzig, Germany
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von Laßberg C, Rapp W, Mohler B, Krug J. Neuromuscular onset succession of high level gymnasts during dynamic leg acceleration phases on high bar. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2013; 23:1124-30. [PMID: 23941901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Betsch M, Wild M, Johnstone B, Jungbluth P, Hakimi M, Kühlmann B, Rapp W. Evaluation of a novel spine and surface topography system for dynamic spinal curvature analysis during gait. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70581. [PMID: 23894674 PMCID: PMC3720906 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 06/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The assessment of spinal deformities with rasterstereography can enhance the understanding, as well as can reduce the number of x-rays needed. However, to date this technique only allows measurements under static conditions. Since it would be of great value to be able to also analyze the spine in dynamic conditions, the present study evaluated a novel rasterstereographic system. Materials and Methods A new rasterstereographic device was evaluated in a comparison with the gold standard in motion analysis, the VICON system. After initial testing using 12 flat infrared markers adhered to a solid plate, the two systems were evaluated with the markers adhered onto the backs of 8 test subjects. Four triangles were defined using the markers, and the sides of each triangle were measured under static and dynamic conditions. Results On the solid plate, the sides of the 4 triangles were measured with a measuring tape and then by the two optical systems. Rasterstereography showed a high accuracy in marker detection on the solid plate. Under dynamic conditions, with the subjects walking on a treadmill, the rasterstereographically-measured side lengths were compared with the lengths measured by the VICON system as an assessment of marker detection. No significant differences (p>0.05) were found between the systems, differing only 0.07–1.1% for all sides of the four triangles with both systems. Discussion A novel rasterstereographic measurement device that allows surface and spine topography under dynamic conditions was assessed. The accuracy of this system was with one millimeter on a solid plate and during dynamic measurements, to the gold standard for motion detection. The advantage of rasterstereography is that it can be used to determine a three-dimensional surface map and also allows the analysis of the underlying spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Betsch
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Portland, Oregon, USA.
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Clotet S, Soler MJ, Rebull M, Pascual J, Riera M, Kucher AG, Parastaeva MM, Beresneva ON, Ivanova GT, Zaraysky MI, Artemeva AV, Kaukov IG, Smirnov AV, Roszkowska-Chojecka M, Walkowska A, Gawrys O, Olszynski K, Kompanowska-Jezierska E, Walkowska A, Roszkowska-Chojecka M, Gawrys O, Baranowska I, Kompanowska-Jezierska EM, Roszkowska-Chojecka MM, Dobrowolski L, Badzynska B, Olszynski KH, Lipkowski AW, Sadowski J, Kobayashi Y, Hirawa N, Okuyama Y, Fujita M, Fujiwara A, Saka S, Yatsu K, Toya Y, Yasuda G, Umemura S, Oliveira-Sales EB, Maquigussa E, Semedo P, Pereira LG, Camara NOS, Bergamaschi CT, Campos RR, Boim MA, Potenza MA, Sirolli V, Addabbo F, Di Pietro N, Amoroso L, Pipino C, Pandolfi A, Montagnani M, Bonomini M, Quiroz YJ, Rivero M, Yaguas K, Moran L, Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Lee J, Heo NJ, Kim S, Joo KW, Han JS, Rapp W, Raab S, Sprecher U, Funk J, Apfel CM, Conde-Knape K, Qin Y, Mou L, Li X, Li X, Ilatovskaya ME, Andreev-Andrievsky AA, Pozdnev VF, Iliyn AV, Medvedeva NA, Malyszko J, Koc-Zorawska E, Zbroch E, Malyszko JS, Zorawski M, Mysliwiec M, Wakui H, Tamura K, Masuda SI, Tsurumi-Ikeya Y, Fujita M, Kanaoka T, Fujikawa T, Suzuki S, Kobayashi Y, Yabana M, Toya Y, Umemura S, Iimuro S, Imai E, Matsuo S, Watanabe T, Nitta K, Akizawa T, Makino H, Ohashi Y, Hishida A. Hypertension - experimental models. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Betsch M, Rapp W, Przibylla A, Jungbluth P, Hakimi M, Schneppendahl J, Thelen S, Wild M. Determination of the amount of leg length inequality that alters spinal posture in healthy subjects using rasterstereography. Eur Spine J 2013; 22:1354-61. [PMID: 23479027 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-013-2720-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Leg length inequalities (LLIs) can result in an increased energy consumption, abnormal gait or osteoarthritis of the hip. In a previous study we simulated different LLIs of up to 15 mm and evaluated their effects on the pelvic position and spinal posture. We found a correlation between LLIs and resulting changes of the pelvic position. Despite suggestions in the literature we were not able to detect significant changes of the spinal posture. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the amount of LLI that would in fact alter the spinal posture. METHODS The subjects were placed on a simulation platform, whose height could be precisely controlled by the measuring device, to simulate different LLIs of up to 20 mm. For LLIs >20 mm, additional precision-cut wooden blocks were used under one foot. After an adaptation period the resulting changes of the pelvis and spine were measured with a rasterstereographic device. RESULTS We found a significant correlation between platform height changes and changes of the pelvic position. The frontal spinal parameters surface rotation and lateral deviation changed significantly when simulating differences greater than 20 mm. No changes of the sagittal spinal curvature were measured, however, a trend to decreasing kyphotic angles was noted. CONCLUSIONS Our study has shown for the first time that LLIs >20 mm will lead to significant changes in the spinal posture of healthy test subjects. However, these changes were only found in frontal (surface rotation and lateral flexion) spinal parameters, but not in sagittal parameters. Here for the kyphotic angle only a tendency to decreasing angles was noted. We have also found a significant correlation between different leg lengths and changes of the pelvic position. Further, females and males seem to react in the same way to LLIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Betsch
- Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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Furian TC, Rapp W, Eckert S, Wild M, Betsch M. Spinal posture and pelvic position in three hundred forty-five elementary school children: a rasterstereographic pilot study. Orthop Rev (Pavia) 2013; 5:e7. [PMID: 23705065 PMCID: PMC3662263 DOI: 10.4081/or.2013.e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2012] [Revised: 12/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Children's posture has been of growing concern due to observations that it seems to be impaired compared to previous generations. So far there is no reference data for spinal posture and pelvic position in healthy children available. Purpose of this pilot study was to determine rasterstereographic posture values in children during their second growth phase. Three hundred and forty-five pupils were measured with a rasterstereographic device in a neutral standing position with hanging arms. To further analyse for changes in spinal posture during growth, the children were divided into 12-month age clusters. A mean kyphotic angle of 47.1°±7.5 and a mean lordotic angle of 42.1°±9.9 were measured. Trunk imbalance in girls (5.85 mm±0.74) and boys (7.48 mm± 0.83) varied only little between the age groups, with boys showing slightly higher values than girls. The trunk inclination did not show any significant differences between the age groups in boys or girls. Girls' inclination was 2.53°±1.96 with a tendency to decreasing angles by age, therefore slightly smaller compared to boys (2.98°±2.18). Lateral deviation (4.8 mm) and pelvic position (tilt: 2.75 mm; torsion: 1.53°; inclination: 19.8°±19.8) were comparable for all age groups and genders. This study provides the first systematic rasterstereographic analysis of spinal posture in children between 6 and 11 years. With the method of rasterstereography a reliable three-dimensional analysis of spinal posture and pelvic position is possible. Spinal posture and pelvic position does not change significantly with increasing age in this collective of children during the second growth phase.
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Betsch M, Schneppendahl J, Dor L, Jungbluth P, Grassmann JP, Windolf J, Thelen S, Hakimi M, Rapp W, Wild M. Influence of foot positions on the spine and pelvis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011; 63:1758-65. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.20601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Tribius S, Prosch C, Tennstedt P, Bajrovic A, Kruell A, Petersen C, Rapp W, Muenscher A, Goy Y. Xerostomia After Radiotherapy: What Matters - Mean Total Dose Or Dose To Each Parotid? Initial Results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Betsch M, Wild M, Jungbluth P, Hakimi M, Windolf J, Haex B, Horstmann T, Rapp W. Reliability and validity of 4D rasterstereography under dynamic conditions. Comput Biol Med 2011; 41:308-12. [PMID: 21489425 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of 4D rasterstereography under dynamic conditions. Therefore simulated anatomical fixed points on a wooden plate were measured during different movements. Seven different motion patterns in all three angles of space were evaluated. The simulated parameter trunk length was measured with an accuracy of 3.58 mm (SD±3.29 mm) and the dimple distance was detected with an accuracy of 0.88 mm (SD±1.04 mm). With this rasterstereographic prototype it is possible to examine dynamically the spinal posture with adequate accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Betsch
- Heinrich Heine University Hospital, Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Betsch M, Wild M, Jungbluth P, Thelen S, Hakimi M, Windolf J, Horstmann T, Rapp W. The rasterstereographic-dynamic analysis of posture in adolescents using a modified Matthiass test. Eur Spine J 2010; 19:1735-9. [PMID: 20490872 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-010-1450-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2009] [Revised: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Matthiass posture test is a clinical test to detect posture changes in children and adolescents. Aim of this study was to objectify this test using a dynamic rasterstereographic measuring device. We examined 31 healthy athletes during a modified Matthiass test with a dynamic rasterstereographic measuring system. Hereby the trunk inclination, kyphosis and lordosis angle were measured. The trunk inclination decreased by about 50% of the basic value just by raising the arms. Additional weight loads of only 5% body weight (bw) resulted in significant changes of the posture (lordosis and kyphosis angle) during this test. With this rasterstereographic measuring device it seems to be possible to determine spinal posture changes under dynamic conditions. The results suggest that additional weights of 5% bw during the Matthias-test are enough to create significant deviations in posture parameters, even in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Betsch
- Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, Heinrich Heine University Hospital, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Rapp W, Boeer J, Albrich C, Heitkamp HC. Auswirkung eines Vibrations- und Krafttrainings auf die Beinmuskulatur bei Gonarthrosepatienten. AKTUEL RHEUMATOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1225366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Seven patients on long-term lithium treatment were given chlorothiazide for three days. The urinary concentrating capacity did not change during the study, but serum potassium decreased significantly. Thus, chlorothiazide does not seem to produce an effect on a moderately decreased concentrating capacity during long-term lithium treatment.
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Bachmann GW, Rapp W. Antikörpernachweis und quantitatives Serumeiweißbild bei Postkardiotomie- und Myokardinfarktspätsyndrom*. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1111222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hetzer C, Rapp W, witkowski M, Sitnik R, Haex B, Bogeart N, Vander Sloten J, Horstmann T. Evaluation of newly developed algorithms for calculating anatomical landmarks from surface contours on the lower extremities. J Biomech 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)85377-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abbondanno U, Aerts G, Alvarez-Velarde F, Alvarez-Pol H, Andriamonje S, Andrzejewski J, Badurek G, Baumann P, Becvár F, Benlliure J, Berthoumieux E, Calviño F, Cano-Ott D, Capote R, Cennini P, Chepel V, Chiaveri E, Colonna N, Cortes G, Cortina D, Couture A, Cox J, Dababneh S, Dahlfors M, David S, Dolfini R, Domingo-Pardo C, Duran I, Embid-Segura M, Ferrant L, Ferrari A, Ferreira-Marques R, Frais-Koelbl H, Furman W, Goncalves I, Gallino R, Gonzalez-Romero E, Goverdovski A, Gramegna F, Griesmayer E, Gunsing F, Haas B, Haight R, Heil M, Herrera-Martinez A, Isaev S, Jericha E, Käppeler F, Kadi Y, Karadimos D, Kerveno M, Ketlerov V, Koehler P, Konovalov V, Krticka M, Lamboudis C, Leeb H, Lindote A, Lopes I, Lozano M, Lukic S, Marganiec J, Marrone S, Martinez-Val J, Mastinu P, Mengoni A, Milazzo PM, Molina-Coballes A, Moreau C, Mosconi M, Neves F, Oberhummer H, O'Brien S, Pancin J, Papaevangelou T, Paradela C, Pavlik A, Pavlopoulos P, Perlado JM, Perrot L, Pignatari M, Plag R, Plompen A, Plukis A, Poch A, Policarpo A, Pretel C, Quesada J, Raman S, Rapp W, Rauscher T, Reifarth R, Rosetti M, Rubbia C, Rudolf G, Rullhusen P, Salgado J, Soares JC, Stephan C, Tagliente G, Tain J, Tassan-Got L, Tavora L, Terlizzi R, Vannini G, Vaz P, Ventura A, Villamarin D, Vincente MC, Vlachoudis V, Voss F, Wendler H, Wiescher M, Wisshak K. Neutron capture cross section measurement of 151Sm at the CERN neutron time of flight facility (n_TOF). Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:161103. [PMID: 15524972 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.161103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The151Sm(n,gamma)152Sm cross section has been measured at the spallation neutron facility n_TOF at CERN in the energy range from 1 eV to 1 MeV. The new facility combines excellent resolution in neutron time-of-flight, low repetition rates, and an unsurpassed instantaneous luminosity, resulting in rather favorable signal/background ratios. The 151Sm cross section is of importance for characterizing neutron capture nucleosynthesis in asymptotic giant branch stars. At a thermal energy of kT=30 keV the Maxwellian averaged cross section of this unstable isotope (t(1/2)=93 yr) was determined to be 3100+/-160 mb, significantly larger than theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Abbondanno
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Trieste, Italy
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Gacia-Fondan M, Rapp W, Greard N, Reungoat P, Gabinski P, Bessieres P. Approche de Santé globale psychique en milieu de travail par l’application d’un questionnaire psychosomatique et de vécu au travail. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1775-8785(04)93123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
Aim of this study was to assess the glenohumeral joint internal and external rotational range of motion using an ultrasound based kinematic measurement device. Twenty-seven male professional tennis players were bilaterally measured for internal and external rotation at 90 degrees of shoulder abduction while avoiding scapulothoracic motion. The control group consisted of 20 asymptomatic volunteers not involved in overhead sports activities. The dominant arm (playing arm) had a significantly greater range of external rotation than the non-dominant arm, while their internal rotation showed a significant deficit as compared to the non-dominant arm. The dominant arm total rotational range of motion was also significantly reduced in comparison to the non-dominant arm and to the controls. No significant difference was found between the dominant and non-dominant extremity in the control group. For objective measurement of glenohumeral rotational range of motion ultrasound based real time motion analysis is a new application for the diagnostic testing of specific shoulder parameters in orthopedics and sports physical therapy. It is therefore concluded that the specific methodology aiming at isolated glenohumeral motion may have clinical application for the development of rehabilitation and preventative programs.
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Hierholzer E, Rapp W, Schmidt-Wiethoff R. Automatic measurement of scapula position and movement using rasterstereography. Stud Health Technol Inform 2002; 88:182-5. [PMID: 15456028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E Hierholzer
- Institut für Experimentelle Biomechanik Universität Münster, Domagkstrasse 11 D-48149, Münster
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Karnbrock W, Deeg M, Gerhardt J, Rapp W. Solid phase synthesis of hydantoins by thermal cyclization and screening of reaction conditions using APOS 1200. Mol Divers 2000; 4:165-71. [PMID: 10729901 DOI: 10.1023/a:1009659303984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy for solid-phase synthesis of hydantoins with high optical purity is described using a thermal pH-neutral cyclization and simultaneous release from resin. Hereby even hydantoins bearing a pH-sensitive side chain (protection) are available. The reaction conditions are well screened applying the parallel organic synthesizer APOS 1200.
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Sebestyén F, Szendrei G, Mák M, Dóda M, Illyés E, Szókán G, Kindla K, Rapp W, Szegö P, Câmpian E, Furka A. Coloured peptides: synthesis, properties and use in preparation of peptide sub-library kits. J Pept Sci 1998; 4:294-9. [PMID: 9680063 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1387(199806)4:4<294::aid-psc147>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Several methods were developed for the solid-phase synthesis (SPPS) of coloured peptides and peptide libraries. At first a bifunctional red compound, 4-(4-(N-ethyl-N-(3-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)aminopropyl)amino)phenylazo)be nzoic acid (Boc-EPAB), was coupled with chloromethyl resin to obtain a new solid support suitable for SPPS using Boc chemistry. Peptides synthesized on this coloured resin had the chromophore at their C-termini. N-terminally coloured peptides were synthesized on a traditional solid support, coupled with chromophoric carboxylic acid before cleavage. A model pentapeptide, Phe-Ala-Val-Leu-Gly, and its ten derivatives were synthesized and their properties studied. It was found that the presence of chromophores decreases the water solubility of peptides. However, insertion of solubilizing tags (penta-lysine sequences or polyoxyethyl chains) into the molecule of any coloured derivative resulted in enhancement of the solubility. The RP-HPLC hydrophobicity indexes (phi0) of the coloured peptides were also determined because phi0 values are closely related to their water solubility. A coloured pentapeptide library was synthesized using the portioning-mixing method. Each component of this library contained the red azo dye (EPAB) and the penta-lysine tag. Before the last coupling step the samples were not mixed. All of the 19 sub-libraries obtained after cleavage were readily soluble in water, giving intense red solutions. The effect of chromophore (EPAB) and/or penta-lysine solubilizing tag on the biological activity was also studied. Potencies of the bovine neurotensin 8-13 fragment and its different coloured and penta-lysine derivatives were compared in isolated longitudinal muscle strips of guinea pig ileum. It was shown that the hexapeptide with penta-lysine tag had almost the same activity as the 8-13 fragment itself. The activity of the EPAB-derivative was found to be rather low. However, the presence of the solubilizing tag in the coloured hexapeptide compensated the negative effect of the chromophore.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sebestyén
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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Abstract
A library system was developed for the discovery of bioactive peptides. Library synthesis and peptide sequencing was performed on a solid support while the screening for bioactivity was done with peptides in solution. The peptides were synthesized by split and mix, one-bead-one-peptide library synthesis, using a Tentagel S-NH2 solid support with a loading of approximately 100 pmol/bead. The major part of the peptide was connected to the support by a single acid-labile linker and a minor part of the peptide was acid-stabile attached to the polymer. The percentage of acid-stabile attached peptides could easily be controlled during modification of the amino functionalities of the resin at the start of the process. The cleavage rate of the acid-labile attached peptide from the resin depends on the composition of the cleavage mixture. When cleavage conditions were carefully controlled, a three-step partial cleavage protocol allowed for convergent bioactivity screening on peptide libraries using only one type of acid-labile linker. The partial cleavage and convergent screening procedure was repeated three times, after which the bead containing the bioactive peptide was sequenced. As such a bead still contained acid-stabile attached peptide, the Edman sequencing was straightforward and repetitive yields were excellent because the immobilized peptide was not washed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Hiemstra
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Bank, Leiden University Hospital, The Netherlands
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Gollhofer A, Schöpp A, Rapp W, Stroinik V. Changes in reflex excitability following isometric contraction in humans. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1998; 77:89-97. [PMID: 9459527 DOI: 10.1007/s004210050305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Enhancement of muscle stretch following isometric contraction has been thought to occur as a result of inhibitory reflex mechanisms. Experiments with electrical stimulation (H-reflex) have demonstrated maximal H-reflex suppression during force relaxation followed by gradual recovery over the following 20 s. There has been considerable speculation as to whether electrical and mechanical stimulation elicit similar response behaviour. The present study examined postisometric reflex modulation following both stimulation modalities. In ten subjects dorsiflexion stimuli varying in speed and amplitude were applied after 30% and 60% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Modulation of the mechanically and electrically evoked responses following isometric plantarflexion was investigated. Reflex responses following both stimulation modalities were depressed during the course of force relaxation. A rather fast recovery was observed in mechanical stimulation. Postisometric response modulation was neither altered by the amount of isometric plantarflexion, nor by the amplitude of the applied stretch stimulus. With increasing velocity of the applied dorsiflexion, however, the shape of the reflex modulation persisted, but the magnitude of the responses was significantly enhanced. In electrical stimulation, however, recovery was delayed. It is suggested that postisometric reflex modulation is due to presynaptic inhibition. Moreover, possible peripheral mechanisms resulting from alpha-gamma-coactivation may also affect the stretch receptor itself because of inherent stiffness properties. The latter possibility particularly would explain the differences between mechanical and electrical stimulus modalities. With respect to practical implications, the very fast recovery (< 400 ms) of the stretch responses to control values strongly contradicts the interpretation that after isometric precontraction, suppression of reflex activity might be used for more efficient stretching of the tendomuscle system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gollhofer
- Department of Sport Science, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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Lehr B, Egelhaaf HJ, Fritz H, Rapp W, Bayer E, Oelkrug D. Molecular Solvation and Mobility in Polymer/Liquid Interphases. A Fluorescence Study on Polystyrene−Poly(ethylene glycol) Microbeads. Macromolecules 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ma960558k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Lehr
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and Rapp Polymere GmbH, Ernst-Simon-Strasse 9, D 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - H. -J. Egelhaaf
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and Rapp Polymere GmbH, Ernst-Simon-Strasse 9, D 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - H. Fritz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and Rapp Polymere GmbH, Ernst-Simon-Strasse 9, D 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - W. Rapp
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and Rapp Polymere GmbH, Ernst-Simon-Strasse 9, D 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - E. Bayer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and Rapp Polymere GmbH, Ernst-Simon-Strasse 9, D 72072 Tübingen, Germany
| | - D. Oelkrug
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany, and Rapp Polymere GmbH, Ernst-Simon-Strasse 9, D 72072 Tübingen, Germany
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Kleine B, Rapp W, Wiesmüller KH, Edinger M, Beck W, Metzger J, Ataulakhanov R, Jung G, Bessler WG. Lipopeptide-polyoxyethylene conjugates as mitogens and adjuvants. Immunobiology 1994; 190:53-66. [PMID: 8082887 DOI: 10.1016/s0171-2985(11)80283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Two lipopeptide analogues of the Escherichia coli lipoprotein rendered water-soluble by polyoxyethylene were tested for mitogenicity in vitro in murine and human B lymphocytes and for adjuvant activity in vivo in mice. These highly amphiphilic lipopeptides retained the biological activity other lipopeptides usually exerted which supports the hypothesis of specific interactions of lipopeptides with membranes of reactive cells. The activation of human B lymphocytes by these lipopeptides was much less pronounced compared to that of murine cells. However, given in combination with anti-CD40 antibodies plus interleukin-4, human B lymphocytes could synergistically be stimulated to proliferate. As an adjuvant, the polyoxyethylene linked lipopeptides were almost as potent as Freund's adjuvants and other basic lipopeptides. Being water-soluble, these novel analogues are easy to apply and they are suitable for field studies as adjuvants when sonication can not usually be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kleine
- Institut für Immunbiologie, Universität Freiburg, Germany
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Gollhofer A, Mey B, Scheuffelen C, Rapp W. Effects of disuse by lower limb immobilization in healthy men. J Biomech 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0021-9290(94)91078-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Butz S, Rawer S, Rapp W, Birsner U. Immunization and affinity purification of antibodies using resin-immobilized lysine-branched synthetic peptides. Pept Res 1994; 7:20-3. [PMID: 8019057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A new method has been developed to raise antibodies against synthetic peptides. A multiple antigenic peptide system (MAP) containing a branched oligolysine was synthesized on a beaded polystyrene polyoxyethylene graft copolymer resin, which acts as a synthetic hapten carrier for use in immunization. The peptides, already attached to the carrier, can be used directly after final deprotection without any further purification steps. The utility of this peptide-carrier conjugate is highlighted by its additional application for affinity purification of antibodies generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Butz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Immunobiologie, Germany
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Scheuffelen C, Rapp W, Gollhofer A, Lohrer H. Orthotic devices in functional treatment of ankle sprain. Stabilizing effects during real movements. Int J Sports Med 1993; 14:140-9. [PMID: 8509242 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1021158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Various orthotic devices generally employed for therapy of ankle sprain were tested under functional conditions. The experimental setup comprised inversion stimuli of 20 and 30 degrees (13 subjects) while standing on a tiltplatform as well as running movements of 8 and 12 km.h-1 on a treadmill (12 subjects). Ankle joint displacements were registered together with the surface EMGs from mm. peroneus long., tibialis ant., gastrocnemius med. and vastus med. In an additional study the relation between achilles tendon angle and talar tilt was determined under static conditions. Ten subjects with chronical instability were examined both in uni- and bipedal stance with the foot inverted to 20, 30 and 40 degrees. None of the tested devices could reduce achilles tendon angle movements completely neither during a sudden inversion nor during running. However, there were significant differences among the tested devices in the dorsal-plantar and in the eversion-inversion plane. In bipedal stance talar tilts were observed only when the foot was inverted more than 30 degrees. In unipedal stance these tilts were clearly reduced or disappeared totally. It is concluded that for functional rehabilitation, loading of the ankle joint is desirable in order to increase joint stability. The central importance of the treatment by orthotic devices may be regarded in an optimal passive joint stabilization combined with a correct fitting in order to preserve proprioceptive neuromuscular function for an active muscular stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Scheuffelen
- Institut für Sport und Sportwissenschaft, Universität Freiburg
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Abstract
The recovery behaviour of mechanically evoked stretch responses was investigated. Stimuli which promoted identical dorsiflexing movements around the ankle joint were applied to ten subjects in two positions, seated and upright. The experimental sets comprised single as well as double dorsiflexing displacements. In the latter the stimuli were elicited for durations of either 100, 200 or 400 ms. Stretch responses following the first displacements were related to the stretch velocity but not to the amplitude. The responses of the plantar flexors following the second mechanical dorsiflexion were reduced with respect to the delay time between the first and second displacement. In addition, the magnitudes of these responses depended on the functional task: the stretch responses recovered much faster in the standing position when the triceps surae muscle was only slightly activated, whereas in the relaxed sitting position the reflexes remained suppressed. Both reciprocal inhibition, as well as the time course of the reformation of intrafusal cross-bridge links, may help to explain the depression of the monosynaptic stretch reflex.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gollhofer
- Institute for Sport Sciences, University of Freiburg, Germany
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Winkelmann BR, Leinberger H, Hertrich FF, Rapp W, Dieterich HA, Ansquer JC. Acute and chronic effects of low dose almitrine bismesylate in the treatment of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Eur J Med 1992; 1:469-81. [PMID: 1341206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Study of the acute and chronic effects of low-dose almitrine therapy in stable hypoxaemic patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. METHODS A low daily dose of 75 mg almitrine bismesylate was administered for six months in 23 patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Nine patients (group 1) were placed on oral almitrine bismesylate 25 mg t.i.d. after they had received a single intravenous dose of 60 mg almitrine three months earlier. Fourteen additional patients, seven receiving almitrine (group 2) and seven placebo (group 3) were randomized for a 6 month double-blind evaluation of both acute and chronic effects of 75 mg almitrine on pulmonary gas exchange and on pulmonary haemodynamics. All patients were followed-up with regular measurements of blood gases, body plethysmography and with evaluation of peripheral nerve function. RESULTS Acute effects of almitrine were a significant increase in arterial oxygen tension by 14 mmHg after intravenous (p < 0.001) and by 15 mmHg after oral administration (p < 0.001), amelioration of hypercapnia, a slight transient increase in mean pulmonary artery pressure from 26 +/- 7 to 29 +/- 6 mmHg (NS) and a decrease of shunt due to improvement in ventilation/perfusion mismatching. In contrast, no acute changes in blood gases and pulmonary pressures were seen in the placebo group. A combination of almitrine with oxygen (8-10 L/min) was most effective in amelioration of hypoxaemia and shunt. With chronic almitrine therapy, the improvements in gas exchange persisted without elevation of pulmonary artery pressure (26 +/- 8 mmHg), whereas a negative trend in change of blood gases and pulmonary artery pressure occurred in the placebo treated group (NS). No significant changes in external ventilation, other spirometric parameters or adverse effects concerning peripheral nerve function were seen after almitrine or placebo treatment. The elimination of almitrine was fitted to a three compartment model and the terminal half-life in the patient population was found to be 32 +/- 29 days after intravenous dosing. CONCLUSION Acute and six-month almitrine bismesylate therapy at a low daily dose of 75 mg is found to be safe, even in severely compromised patients, with regard to pulmonary haemodynamics and peripheral nerve function. The agent is beneficial to pulmonary gas exchange, with reduction of hypercapnia, of intrapulmonary shunt and also with regard to sustained elevation of arterial oxygen tension. A combination with inhaled oxygen seems especially efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Winkelmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Elisabeth Clinic, Saarlouis, Germany
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