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Ye H, Hu WH, Chen XX, Zhao BQ, Zhang WX, Chen XM. Heat- and Pressure-driven Room-temperature Polymorphic Transition Accompanied with Switchable SHG Signal in a New Chiral Hexagonal Perovskite. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202300608. [PMID: 37553296 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Endowing room-temperature polymorphs with both long-term stability and easy interconvertibility is a big challenge due to the complexity of intermolecular interactions. Herein, we present a chiral hexagonal perovskite (R-3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidinium)[CdCl3 ] having two room-temperature crystalline forms featuring obviously distinct second-harmonic-generation (SHG) signals with a high switching contrast of ~18 times. The two room-temperature forms could be long-term stable yet easily interconvertible through an irreversible thermal-induced phase transition and a pressure-driven backward transition, by switching hydrogen bonds via collective reorientation of ordered homochiral cations. Based on the essential role of homochiral organic cations in inducing switchable hydrogen bond linkages, this present instance provides good evidence that relatively irregular organic cations could induce more obvious inorganic chain deformations, thus endowing polymorphs with significantly different SHG signals at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wang-Hua Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiao-Xian Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Bing-Qing Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wei-Xiong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, IGCME, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Wang HF, Hu WH, Song QW, Yang SS, Ma CC, Wu CD, Li Q, Zhang XW, Pan C, Huang YZ. [Clinical study on the relationship between the exosomes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma and the severity of lung injury and outcome in early acute respiratory distress syndrome patients]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:935-941. [PMID: 35385965 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20211105-02448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between the levels of exosomes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and plasma and the severity of lung injury and its outcome in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods: Patients who were admitted to the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University and received invasive mechanical ventilation were selected from August 2020 to April 2021, and they were divided into ARDS group and non-ARDS group. Finally, 33 ARDS patients were included, including 18 males and 15 females, aged (65.5±15.5) years; 10 non-ARDS patients, 8 males and 2 females, aged (57.2±15.3) years. The BALF and plasma of the two groups of patients were collected within 24 hours after enrollment, and the total exosomes of the samples were collected by ultracentrifugation. Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) was used to detect and compare the differences in exosome content between the two groups. Correlation of content with the severity and prognosis of lung injury in ARDS patients. Results: There was no significant difference in gender and age between ARDS group and non-ARDS group (both P>0.05). The exosome in plasma of ARDS group was significantly higher than that of non-ARDS group [(25.3±1.2)/ml vs (24.2±1.6)/ml, P=0.031], while the exosomes in BALF of ARDS group was also higher than that of non-ARDS group [(26.5±1.6)/ml vs (24.6±1.1)/ml, P=0.001]. The exosomes in BALF of patients with ARDS caused by intrapulmonary causes was higher than that in ARDS group caused by extrapulmonary causes [(26.9±1.5)/ml vs (25.2±0.9)/ml, P=0.01], and the infection caused by bacterial shows that the highest exosome level in BALF. The exosomes in the BALF of the mild ARDS group was significantly lower than that of the severe ARDS group [(25.7±1.3)/ml vs (27.2±1.5)/ml, P=0.038]; the exosomes in BALF of ARDS patients was negatively correlated with P/F ratio (r=-0.38, P=0.03); and it was positively correlated with Murray lung injury score (r=0.47, P=0.01). However, the static compliance levels, length of hospital stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and 28-day outcome were not associated with the exosomes in BALF. Conclusion: Compared with non-ARDS patients, ARDS patients have significantly higher levels of exosomes in BALF and plasma, there is a certain correlation between exosomes derived from BALF and the severity of lung injury in ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- H F Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - W H Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Q W Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - S S Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - C C Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - C D Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Q Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - X W Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - C Pan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Y Z Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
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Wen CC, Zhao TT, Hu WH, Cao WR, Lai YS. [Spatial and temporal characteristics of reported schistosomiasis cases in China based on a Bayesian interrupted time-series model]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2021; 33:15-21. [PMID: 33660469 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the spatial-temporal characteristics of reported schistosomiasis cases in China from 2004 to 2017, so as to provide insights into the development of different schistosomiasis control strategies at various stages. METHODS The monthly data of reported schistosomiasis cases at a provincial level of China from 2004 to 2017 were collected from the Public Health Science Data Center, and the spatial-temporal distribution of reported schistosomiasis cases was preliminarily identified using a descriptive statistical method. According to the goals at different stages proposed by the National Mid- and Long-term Program for Schistosomiasis Prevention and Control in China (2004-2015), a Bayesian interrupted time-series model was established to analyze the provincial reported incidence, time trend and seasonal variations of schistosomiasis in China at different stages. RESULTS The reported schistosomiasis cases were mainly concentrated in 5 provinces of Anhui, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei and Hunan and 2 provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan in China from 2004 to 2017, and the number of reported cases in endemic areas decreased gradually. The incidence of reported schistosomiasis cases predominantly peaked during the period from May to September in the marshland and lake regions, while no regular seasonality was seen in hilly regions. Bayesian interrupted time-series analysis showed the peak incidence of reported schistosomiasis cases in 4 provinces of Anhui, Hubei, Hunan and Jiangxi between May and September and in Jiangsu Province from July to November; however, no regular seasonal cycle was identified in hilly regions. The number of reported schistosomiasis cases showed a tendency towards an increase in 2 provinces of Hubei and Hunan from 2008 to 2014, with a minor peak during the period between March and April, and since 2015, the seasonality was not remarkable any longer in 3 provinces of Anhui, Jiangsu and Jiangxi with a decline in the incidence of reported schistosomiasis cases, while the seasonality remained in Hubei Province. CONCLUSIONS The spatial-temporal characteristics of schistosomiasis in China, notably seasonality, vary at different control stages. Bayesian interrupted time-series model is effective to identify the spatial-temporal changes of schistosomiasis, and the schistosomiasis control strategy may be adjusted according to the spatial-temporal changes to improve the schistosomiasis control efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Wen
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - T T Zhao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - W H Hu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - W R Cao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Y S Lai
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
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Meng QR, Xu WJ, Hu WH, Ye H, Chen XX, Yuan W, Zhang WX, Chen XM. An unprecedented hexagonal double perovskite organic-inorganic hybrid ferroelastic material: (piperidinium) 2[KBiCl 6]. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6292-6295. [PMID: 34075967 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02085d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented A2MIMIIIX6-type double perovskite adopting a fully hexagonal BaNiO3-type structure, (piperidinium)2[KBiCl6], undergoes a 2/mF1[combining macron] ferroelastic phase transition at 285 K with a spontaneous strain of 0.0615, arising from the order-disorder transition of organic cations together with the synchronous displacement of inorganic chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Ru Meng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wei-Jian Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China. and Department of Chemistry & CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Wang-Hua Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Hui Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Xiao-Xian Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wei Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Wei-Xiong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Xiao-Ming Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Hu WH, Shao Y, Li ZD, Zou DH, Zhang JH, Chen YJ, Wang HJ. Exploring of the Mechanism of Rib Fracture Caused by Landing on Different Parts of the Trunk after Falls from Height Using Finite Element Method. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:181-186. [PMID: 32530164 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To study the mechanism of rib fracture caused by landing on different parts of the trunk using finite element method, and to provide some new techniques and new ideas for the reconstruction of the whole process of falls from height. Methods The finite element method was used to study the rib fracture of human security model THUMS4.0 caused by landing on different parts of the trunk. Then the model was compared with actual cases and the mechanism of rib fracture caused by falls from height was analyzed from a biomechanical point of view. Results There were some differences in the stress and strain distribution as well as the rib fracture sites when different parts touched the ground. Ribs on both sides of the body were fractured when the front of the trunk touched the ground, and the fractures were mainly located in the junction of the ribs and costal cartilage and the midaxillary line area. When the right anterior part of the trunk touched the ground, rib fracture occurred first on the side that touched the ground, and rib fractures were mainly located in the area from the right midaxillary line to the posterior axillary line, and junction of ribs on both sides and costal cartilage. When the back of the trunk touched the ground, the fracture sites were mainly located on the back of the ribs on both sides. When the right posterior part of the trunk touched the ground, multiple rib fractures were likely to occur in the parts that touched the ground. The plastic strains were mainly concentrated at the fracture sites, while the von Mises stresses were not only concentrated at the fracture sites, but also at other sites. Conclusion There are some differences in rib fracture location sites and injury mechanisms when different parts of the trunk touch the ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Hu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - Y Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - Z D Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - D H Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - J H Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - Y J Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - H J Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
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Wang JM, Mi JY, Hu WH, Li ZD, Zou DH, Chen YJ. Evaluation of 3D Measuring Methods for Body Surface Damage and Scars. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 36:204-209. [PMID: 32530168 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective To assess the accuracy and reliability of the two 3D measuring methods, structured-light scanning and single-camera photogrammetry in forensic body surface damage and scar measurement. Methods The measuring results of 86 injuries by the ruler method, structured-light scanning and single-camera photogrammetry were compared and evaluated. The area measuring results of 13 simulated scars by the structured-light scanning, single-camera photogrammetry, Photoshop lasso pixel method and PDF reading software were compared and evaluated. The time consumed was recorded. The known specification information of the stickers was used as the standard value to compare the measuring accuracy of the ruler method, structural-light scanning and single-camera photogrammetry, and to calculate the root mean square error (RMSE). The consistency evaluation of intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the repeatability of 3 measuring results obtained by different operators and the same operator. Results The differences in results of the two 3D measuring methods and the ruler method had no statistical significance; the differences between measuring results made by the structured-light scanning, single-camera photogrammetry and PDF reading software and that of the Photoshop lasso pixel method had no statistical significance. The post-processing of the single-camera photogrammetry consumed more time than that of other methods. When the long-distance group (10-40 cm) was measured, the results obtained by the ruler method were shorter than the standard value. The RMSE value results were structured-light scanning < single-camera photogrammetry < ruler method. The ICC value intragroup and intergroup were greater than 0.99. Conclusion Both structured-light scanning and single-camera photogrammetry can be applied in recording and measuring forensic body surface damage. The former has better performance in measurement accuracy and stability, while the latter has better color performance but longer post-processing time.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - J Y Mi
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - W H Hu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Z D Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - D H Zou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - Y J Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
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Dong ML, Hu WH, Hu K. [Effects of end⁃expiratory lung volume on pharyngeal collapsibility and obstructive sleep apnea]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2019; 42:222-226. [PMID: 30845401 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
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Yang ZC, Liu CX, Lin Y, Hu WH, Chen WJ, Li F, Zeng H. [All levels miniplate fixation and a modified hybrid fixation method in expansive open-door cervical laminoplasty: a retrospective comparative study]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019; 51:187-193. [PMID: 30773566 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To retrospectively compare the effect of alternate levels miniplate and anchor fixation with the effect of all levels miniplate fixation in expansive open-door cervical laminoplasty (EOLP). METHODS Patients with cervical spondylosis underwent EOLP between July 2015 and June 2016 were included in the study. There were 33 patients in the alternate group (alternate levels miniplate and anchor fixation group) and 34 patients in the miniplate group (all levels miniplate fixation group). Neurological function was evaluated with the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score and degree of pain was assessed with the visual analogue scale (VAS) score. Basic clinical and surgical data, complication rates and medical costs of the two groups were compared. In addition, radiological examinations were performed pre- and post-operatively and at the final follow-up. Relative imaging data such as anteroposterior diameter (APD), cervical curvature index (CCI) and open angle were collected and compared. RESULTS (1) The mean follow-up time was 18.6 months in the alternate group and 18.9 months in the miniplate group. There were no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, perioperative complication rates, post-operative hospital stays, VAS scores and neurological recovery rates preoperatively and at the final follow-up between the two groups. (2) Additionally, no obvious differences were observed about CCIs and APDs at the three follow-up time points between the two groups. Post-operative open angles at C4 and C6 in the alternate group were significantly smaller than those in the miniplate group. However, there were no significant differences in C3, C5 and C7 open angles between the two groups post-operatively. Notably, no significant differences were detected about the open angles at all levels between the two groups at the final follow-up. (3) When comparing radiologic data at different time points in each group, CCIs and open angles at each level had no significant differences, but APDs after surgery and at the final follow-up were significantly larger than pre-operative APDs. (4) Total costs in the alternate group were significantly lower than those in the miniplate group. CONCLUSION The two surgical methods showed almost the same neurological recovery rates and complication rates. However, use of alternate levels miniplate and anchor fixation in EOLP can reduce medical expenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z C Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - C X Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Y Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - W H Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - W J Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - F Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - H Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Hu WH, Xu WJ, Meng QR, Zhang XW, He CT, Zhang WX, Chen XM. Switching hydrogen bonds to readily interconvert two room-temperature long-term stable crystalline polymorphs in chiral molecular perovskites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11555-11558. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05967a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two room-temperature polymorphic forms could be long-term stable yet easily interconvertible by switching the inter-cationic H-bonds in chiral molecular perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Hua Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Wei-Jian Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Qian-Ru Meng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Xue-Wen Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Chun-Ting He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Wei-Xiong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Xiao-Ming Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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Luo YC, Zhang YQ, Hu K, Zhang Z, Xiong MQ, Hu WH, Dong ML, Shang M. [5-HT(2A) receptor/protein kinase C pathway in mediating long-term facilitation of carotid sinus nerve discharge in chronic intermittent hypoxia rats]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2018; 41:611-615. [PMID: 30138970 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the role of 5-HT(2A)R/PKC pathway in mediating long-term facilitation (LTF) of carotid sinus nerve (CSN) discharge in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) rats. Methods: With number table, 24 adult SD rats were randomly divided into saline control group (group A, n=6), 5-HT(2A)R antagonist (ketanserin) group (group B, n=6), PKC inhibitor (PKC θ-pseudosubstrate) group (group C, n=6) and combined ketanserin with PKC θ-pseudosubstrate group (group D, n=6). All rats were placed into the animal chambers for CIH treatment, 8 h per day (from 9: 00 to 17: 00) for 4 consecutive weeks. 28 days later, 5 min × 3 times of stimulation with acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) were given, after that, stable CSN discharge activities were recorded and compared before and after intravenous injection of saline (group A), ketanserin (group B), PKC θ-pseudosubstrate (group C) or ketanserin + PKC θ-pseudosubstrate (group D), respectively. Results: There were no significant difference in the baseline (before AIH stimulation) average peak amplitude of CSN discharge among the four groups (P>0.05). In group A, the amplitude of CSN discharge at 30 min and 60 min after AIH were (5.01 ± 0.53) μV and (4.95 ± 0.34) μV respectively, which were significantly higher than that before AIH (P<0.01). The results implied that the CSN LTF could be induced by AIH in CIH pre-treatment rats. In group B, the amplitude of CSN discharge at 30 min and 60 min after AIH were (3.79 ± 0.42) μV and (3.73 ± 0.46) μV, respectively, which were still significantly higher than that before AIH (P<0.01), showing that carotid sinus nerve LTF couldn't be completely blocked by 5-HT(2A)R antagonist in rats. After injection of PKC θ-pseudosubstrate or ketanserin + PKC θ-pseudosubstrate in group C or D, there were no significant differences in CSN discharge amplitude before and after AIH (P>0.01), suggesting that inhibition of PKC alone or 5-HT(2A)R/PKC pathway could completely block the LTF of CSN. Conclusion: 5-HT(2A)R/PKC pathway was involved in mediating long-term facilitation of carotid sinus nerve discharge in CIH rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Luo
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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Zheng XY, Nong WX, Hu YL, Shen XH, Wang Y, Zhang KP, Hu WH, Li F, Zou H. [IgG4-related lymphadenopathy without involvement of extranodal organ: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018; 47:469-470. [PMID: 29886596 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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Shu Y, Xiong MQ, Hu K, Dong ML, Hu WH. [Application of three questionnaires in screening obstructive sleep apnea in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:1574-1577. [PMID: 29886647 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.20.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of three questionnaires [Sleep Apnea Clinical Score (SACS), Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)] in screening obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A total of 198 patients with COPD were assessed the likelihood of OSA by using the SACS, BQ, ESS, which was confirmed by the overnight polysomnography (PSG). The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the calculated likelihood ratios were used to compare the values of three scoring systems in predicting OSA in COPD patients. Results: The patients had an average age of (65.5±9.3) years and 92.9% (184 cases) of which were male, 14 cases (7.1%) were female; 27 cases (13.6%) had a high probability of OSA by SACS assessment, 61 cases (30.8%) had a high probability screened by BQ, and 72 (36.4%) had OSA high probability by ESS. The diagnosis of OSA in 75 patients (37.9%) were confirmed by PSG. OSA did not be accurately predicted by ESS screening in patients with COPD, with a ROC curve area under the curve of 0.592 (95% CI: 0.509-0.674, P=0.053). BQ had an area under the ROC curve of 0.706 (95% CI: 0.626-0.779, P<0.001). However, the prediction of SACS was much better, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.810 (95% CI: 0.737-0.871, P<0.001). Conclusion: SACS is superior to BQ and ESS in predicting OSA in this group of patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shu
- Respiratory Department, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
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13
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Hu WH, Chen L, Zou DY, Mao S, Qiao J. [Expression and regulation of CD36 mRNA in granulosa cells and its relation with clinical characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2016; 96:2002-5. [PMID: 27470958 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.25.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the expression of CD36 mRNA in granulosa cells (GCs) of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and the impact of testosterone, insulin and PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone on GCs. METHODS The expression of CD36 mRNA inGCs of patients with PCOS and normal controls were assayed byreal-time PCR.The level of CD36 mRNA after treatment with testosterone, insulin, and rosiglitazone in GCs ofnormal controls were also tested by real-time PCR. RESULTS (1) The expression of CD36mRNA in the GCs of PCOS was significantly higher than that of the controls (P<0.05). (2) When testosterone concentration was 1 nmol/L, CD36 mRNA increased in the GCs, but there was no significantdifference compared to the blank control, (P>0.05). When testosterone concentration was 10 nmol/L, the expression of CD36 mRNA in the GCs was higher than that in the blank control with significant difference (P<0.05). When insulin concentration was 10 nmol/L, the expression of CD36 mRNA increased but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). When insulin concentration was 100 nmol/L, the expression of CD36mRNA in the GCswas higher than that in the blank control (P=0.05). When rosiglitazone concentration was 1nmol/L, the expression of PPARγ mRNA in GCs were significantly increased compared with the blank control (P<0.05). The expression of CD36 mRNA atrosiglitazone concentrationof 10 nmol/Lwere significantly increased compared to the concentration of 1 nmol/L (P<0.05). CONCLUSION High testosterone and insulin induced the expression of CD36 mRNA.Rosiglitazone increased CD36 mRNA in a dose-related manner in GCs.Increased CD36 mRNA in the GCs of PCOS may be related to the clinical characteristics of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Beijing 100039, China
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Hu WH, Liu SF, Liaw SI. LONG-TERM PRECONDITIONING OF PLANTLETS: A PRACTICAL METHOD FOR ENHANCING SURVIVAL OF PINEAPPLE (Ananas comosus Merr.) SHOOT TIPS CRYOPRESERVED USING VITRIFICATION. Cryo Letters 2015; 36:226-236. [PMID: 26575997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to develop an efficient cryopreservation protocol for pineapple (Ananas comosus Merr.) shoot tips. OBJECTIVE The optimal state of pineapple plantlets was investigated by using sucrose preconditioning to enhance survival after cryostorage. METHODS To achieve a suitable state of plantlets before cryopreservation, 0.2 M to 0.4 M sucrose concentrations combined with short- (0-7 days), medium- (15-30 days), and long-term (75-150 days) preconditioning periods were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The highest survival (100 %) was achieved using the following procedure: intact plantlets underwent long-term preconditioning with 0.2 M sucrose for 135 days, dissected shoot tips were treated with a loading solution containing 2.0 M glycerol + 0.4 M sucrose for 60 min at 25 degree and the shoot tips were dehydrated in PVS2 for 2h at 0 degree C before being plunged in liquid nitrogen. Rewarming was conducted in a water-bath for 30 s at 40 degree C and PVS2 was replaced with a 1.2 M sucrose solution for 30 min at 25 degree C. The shoot tips were transferred on semisolid medium and left in the dark for 1 week, then in dim light for 3 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Hu
- Department of Biology, National Museum of Natural Science, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - S F Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - S I Liaw
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Quan ZJ, Hu WH, Zhang Z, Da YX, Jia XD, Wang XC. One-Pot Synthesis of Allylamine Derivatives by Iodine- Catalyzed Three-Component Reaction of N-Heterocycles, Paraformaldehyde and Styrenes. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201201097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Quan ZJ, Hu WH, Jia XD, Zhang Z, Da YX, Wang XC. A Domino Desulfitative Coupling/Acylation/Hydration Process Cocatalyzed by Copper(I) and Palladium(II): Synthesis of Highly Substituted and Functionalized Pyrimidines. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Su KL, Xu HB, Hu ZJ, He JL, Yang OO, Hu WH. [Vacuum-assisted biopsy and wire localization for the diagnosis of non-palpable breast lesions]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2010; 32:472-475. [PMID: 20819495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness and accuracy of the use of vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) versus wire localization (WL) in the diagnosis of non-palpable breast lesions (NPBL). METHODS Ninety-seven consecutive women with NPBL were randomized into VAB group and WL group. All specimens were identified by mammography. The patients were requested to score the cosmetic appearance of their breast after operation, and a numerical rating scale was used to measure pain on the first postoperative day. Underestimation rates for atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were recorded if open surgical biopsy revealed DCIS and invasive cancer, respectively. Clear margins were also recorded in the two groups. RESULTS VAB and WL located all the NPBL successfully. In the VAB group, the specimen volume was smaller than that of the WL group (2.3 cm(3) vs. 18.4 cm(3), P = 0.03). Underestimation rates of ADH and DCIS in the VAB group were 16.7% and 11.1%, respectively. The diagnostic accordance rate of VAB was 97.9%, the false negative rate was 2.1%, and there was no false positive case. The means of the numerical rating pain scale were different in both groups (1.7 for VAB vs. 2.5 for WL, P = 0.02). When cosmetic results were taken into account, 40 VAB patients had excellent outcomes and 8 good outcomes, compared with 25 excellent and 24 good for the WL group. There were better cosmetic outcomes with the VAB procedure (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION VAB is highly reliable and may avoid diagnostic open surgery in the majority of patients with benign lesions. However, because of the underestimation of histologic diagnosis and tumor margin involvement, VAB can not be used to completely substitute wire localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Lun Su
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guangxing Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310007, China.
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Hu WH, Shi K, Song XS, Xia XJ, Zhou YH, Yu JQ. Different effects of chilling on respiration in leaves and roots of cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Plant Physiol Biochem 2006; 44:837-43. [PMID: 17097883 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of chilling on respiration (SHAM-resistant, cytochrome pathway and KCN-resistant, alternative pathway), temperature sensitivity, relative electrolyte conductivity, and degrees of oxidative stress (H(2)O(2) and malonaldehyde (MDA) contents) were separately examined in leaves and roots of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). After chilling at 8 degrees C for 4 days, both total respiration and KCN-resistant respiration in roots increased at different measurement temperatures. In contrast, SHAM-resistant respiration remained unchanged. In comparison, chilling significantly decreased the total respiration in leaves and this decrease was mostly due to a decrease in SHAM-resistant respiration. Chilling apparently decreased the sensitivity of KCN-resistant respiration to changes of temperature. The reduction levels of ubiquinone pool (UQr/UQt) increased both in chilled leaves and roots whilst pyruvate content increased only in chilled roots, but not in chilled leaves. Furthermore increases of H(2)O(2) and MDA contents were much greater in leaves than in roots. The same trend was also observed for ion leakage from tissues. Taken together, the results suggested that the higher chilling tolerance of roots was associated with their high total respiration and KCN-resistant respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Hu
- Department of Horticulture, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Kaixuan Road 268, Hangzhou 310029, China.
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Chim CS, Yuen WK, Loong F, Hu WH, Ooi GC. Primary large B-cell lymphoma of the ampulla of Vater. Haematologica 2006; 91:ECR06. [PMID: 16533733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary lymphoma of the ampulla of Vater is rare. The clinico-pathological and interesting endoscopic and radiological features of a patient with this disorder is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Chim
- Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Zhang JG, Zhang K, Ma Y, Hu WH, Yang AC, Chu JS, Wu ST, Ge M, Zhang Y, Wang ZC. Follow-up of bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. Acta Neurochir Suppl 2006; 99:43-7. [PMID: 17370762 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-211-35205-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the effects of bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) after 4-45 months' follow-up. METHOD Between 04/01 and 12/04, 46 PD patients were operated on with bilateral STN-DBS. All of them were evaluated with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) parts II-V before surgery and 4-45 months after surgery. The amelioration of miscellaneous symptoms and decrease of medication dose, respectively, were compared. Main side effects were observed. FINDINGS After surgery, both the score of activities of daily living (ADL) and the UPDRS motor score decreased significantly (p < 0.001). Among the PD symptoms, tremor was improved best. Rigidity, bradykinesia, axial symptoms, facial expression and dyskinesia were all improved, although to a lesser extent, while speech was not improved. Medication dose was decreased significantly (p < 0.001). According to the time of follow-up, 4 groups were classified (4-12 months, 13-24 months. 25-36 months and 37-45 months group). ADL, UPDRS motor score and dyskinesia subscore improvement were compared among these groups. No significant difference existed. No life threatening complications occurred. Main side effects included hypophonia, dyskinesia, confusion, depression. CONCLUSIONS Bilateral STN-DBS is a satisfying surgical method for the treatment of advanced PD. It can improve the cardinal PD symptoms up to 45 months. Complications and side effects were rare and usually temporary or reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Chan AOO, Lam KF, Hui WM, Hu WH, Li J, Lai KC, Chan CK, Yuen MF, Lam SK, Wong BCY. Validated questionnaire on diagnosis and symptom severity for functional constipation in the Chinese population. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2005; 22:483-8. [PMID: 16128687 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional constipation is a common problem in clinical practice. No validated questionnaire is available in Chinese. AIM To develop a validated questionnaire for diagnosis and symptom assessment in functional constipation for the Chinese population. METHODS One hundred and eleven patients with constipation and 110 healthy controls were presented with a 24-item constipation questionnaire in the Chinese language. Quality of life in constipation patients was assessed by Short Form-36. Polyethylene glycol was prescribed, for 4 weeks, to 20 patients with newly diagnosed constipation. The questionnaire was administered before and 4 weeks after treatment. Concept, content, construct, discriminant validity and reliability of the questionnaire were assessed. RESULTS Six items were selected by logistic regression to account for most of the differences between controls and constipated patients with a good reproducibility and internal consistency. A cut-off score of > or =5 was determined to discriminate between controls and constipated patients with a sensitivity of 91% and a specificity of 91%. The constipation questionnaire correlated negatively with seven domains of the Short Form-36 and discriminated between constipated patients who reported symptomatic improvement during polyethylene glycol treatment. CONCLUSIONS The Chinese constipation questionnaire could be used in epidemiological studies to assess the frequency and severity of constipation in patient populations and in interventional studies of constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A O O Chan
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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22
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Au WY, Cheung WC, Hu WH, Chan GCF, Ha SY, Khong PL, Ma SK, Liang R. Hyperbilirubinemia and cholelithiasis in Chinese patients with hemoglobin H disease. Ann Hematol 2005; 84:671-4. [PMID: 16044312 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-005-1091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2005] [Accepted: 07/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Hemoglobin H disease (HbH) is a hemoglobinopathy peculiar to parts of the world with high incidence alpha-thalassemia mutations. Among 90 HbH cases, 50 cases suffered from clinically significant jaundice (bilirubin >30 mmol/l), including 14 with severe jaundice (bilirubin >60 mmol/l). Cholelithiasis was found in 38 cases. The incidence is roughly eight times higher than that in background control population but 50% lower than that in beta-thalassemia. The risk of gallstones was related to higher bilirubin levels but not alpha-globin genotype, sex, ferritin, and hemoglobin levels. Homozygotes or double heterozygotes for Gilbert alleles (17.2%), but not heterozgyotes (42.2%), were found to have a significantly increased risk of gallstones and jaundice. However, common Chinese Gilbert syndrome alleles do not completely explain the variable risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Au
- Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
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Wong BC, Wong WM, Yee YK, Hung WK, Yip AW, Szeto ML, Li KF, Lau P, Fung FM, Tong TS, Lai KC, Hu WH, Yuen MF, Hui CK, Lam SK. Rabeprazole-based 3-day and 7-day triple therapy vs. omeprazole-based 7-day triple therapy for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15:1959-65. [PMID: 11736727 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01118.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rabeprazole is a new proton pump inhibitor with more potent acid suppressive and anti-Helicobacter effects. AIM To compare two different regimens of rabeprazole-based triple therapy vs. 7-day omeprazole-based triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. METHOD Patients with proven H. pylori infection were randomized to receive: (i) 7-day rabeprazole, 10 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and clarithromycin, 500 mg, all twice daily; (ii) 3-day rabeprazole, 20 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and clarithromycin, 500 mg, all twice daily; or (iii) 7-day omeprazole, 20 mg, amoxicillin, 1000 mg, and clarithromycin, 500 mg, all twice daily. Endoscopy (CLO test, histology) was performed before randomization and 6 weeks after drug treatment. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-three patients were randomized. H. pylori eradication rates (intention-to-treat, n=173/per protocol, n=167) were 88%/91% for 7-day rabeprazole-based therapy, 72%/72% for 3-day rabeprazole-based therapy and 82%/89% for 7-day omeprazole-based therapy, respectively. The per protocol eradication rate was significantly better in the 7-day rabeprazole-based therapy and 7-day omeprazole-based therapy groups when compared to the 3-day rabeprazole-based therapy group (P=0.01 and P=0.04, respectively). Compliance was excellent and all three regimens were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy of seven-day rabeprazole-based triple therapy is similar to 7-day omeprazole-based triple therapy for the eradication of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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Xia HH, Wong BC, Wong KW, Wong SY, Wong WM, Lai KC, Hu WH, Chan CK, Lam SK. Clinical and endoscopic characteristics of non-Helicobacter pylori, non-NSAID duodenal ulcers: a long-term prospective study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15:1875-82. [PMID: 11736717 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01115.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proportion of duodenal ulcers not associated with Helicobacter pylori infection or the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is increasing. AIM To identify the clinical and endoscopic characteristics of non-H. pylori, non-NSAID duodenal ulcers. METHODS Clinical and endoscopic data and H. pylori status were prospectively collected from consecutive patients who underwent upper endoscopy from 1997 to 1999. Patients with duodenal ulcers were identified, and those with non-H. pylori, non-NSAID duodenal ulcers were analysed further. RESULTS A total of 11 717 upper endoscopies were performed in 8344 patients. Of these, 1153 (14%) had duodenal ulcers. Of 599 patients with active ulcers and known H. pylori status, 104 (17%) had ulcers not associated with H. pylori or the use of NSAIDs, 393 (66%) had ulcers associated with H. pylori alone, 51 (8.5%) had ulcers associated with the use of NSAIDs alone and 51 (8.5%) had ulcers associated with both. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of concomitant diseases (odds ratio=15.0; 95% confidence interval, 8.64-25.9; P < 0.001) and the absence of epigastric pain/discomfort (odds ratio=0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.29-0.91; P=0.022) were independent predictors for non-H. pylori, non-NSAID duodenal ulcers. CONCLUSIONS Non-H. pylori, non-NSAID duodenal ulcers exhibit certain distinct clinical and endoscopic characteristics. The presence of concomitant diseases is an important predictive factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Xia
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of antinuclear antibody (ANA) has been documented in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We attempted to determine the titer and to characterize the patterns and clinical significance of ANA in HCV infection. STUDY Forty-eight consecutive patients with positive anti-HCV antibody and positive HCV RNA were included in this study. Sera from patients were tested for ANA and anti-smooth muscle antibody by indirect immunofluorescence. Serum aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-fetoprotein, and cryoglobulin levels also were determined. RESULTS Eleven (23%) of 48 HCV-infected patients were positive for ANA. Antinuclear antibody revealed speckled pattern in 10 (91%) of the 11 ANA-positive HCV-infected patients. Twenty (54%) of 37 ANA-negative HCV-infected patients had detectable pattern with equivocal titer (titer <1.5). The ANA pattern was speckled in all 20 patients. Hepatitis C virus-infected patients with positive ANA were older than the HCV-infected patients with negative ANA (62.90 +/- 11.05 years vs. 56.46 +/- 14.94 years, respectively; p < 0.1). Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (39.36 +/- 14.98 IU/L vs. 30.70 +/- 23.15 IU/L, p < 0.05), alkaline phosphatase (189.00 +/- 75.63 IU/L vs. 122.41 +/- 40.88 IU/L, p < 0.01), and alpha-fetoprotein (47.72 +/- 80.47 pg/dL vs. 7.00 +/- 8.28 pg/dL, p < 0.01) were higher in ANA-positive HCV-infected patients than in ANA-negative HCV-infected patients, respectively. There were no significant differences in gender, alanine aminotransferase, anti-smooth muscle antibody, or cryoglobulin between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Antinuclear antibody was present in 11 (23%) of 48 patients with HCV infection in our study. Speckled pattern is the major expression pattern of ANA in HCV infection. Antinuclear antibody-positive HCV-infected patients have significantly higher serum aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and alpha-fetoprotein levels than ANA-negative HCV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
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Wu CH, Hu WH, Hung DZ, Peng YC, Yang DY. Snakebite complicated with Vibrio vulnificus infection. Vet Hum Toxicol 2001; 43:283-5. [PMID: 11577933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Snakebite may be complicated with bacteria infections, most of which are Gram-negative bacillus. Snakebite complicated with Vibrio vulnificus infection has not been reported previously. Vibrio vulnificus infection is characterized by a necrotizing wound infection similar to the local lesion of severe snakebite. In Vibrio infections, aggressive debridement with the administration of strong antibiotics as early as possible is the only effective treatment. We report a 79-y-o man who suffered from snakebite on the right palm with rapid progression of hemorrhagic bulla, necrotizing fasciitis, compartment syndrome, and septic shock. Vibrio vulnificuswas cultured from necrotic tissue after aggressive debridement and fasciotomy. The patient recovered from antibiotic treatment and several courses of reconstruction surgery. Severe bacteria infection, such as caused by Vibrio vulnificus, should be considered in snakebite cases refractory to antivenin dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
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Wong WM, Wong BC, Tang VS, Lai KC, Yuen ST, Leung SY, Hu WH, Lam SK. An evaluation of the PyloriTek test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese patients before and after eradication therapy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 16:976-80. [PMID: 11595060 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2001.02565.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The PyloriTek Test Kit (a 1-h rapid urease test) was developed for the rapid diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) during endoscopy. Most studies were performed in Western populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the PyloriTek test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection in Chinese population. METHODS Eligible patients without prior treatment or who had had recent eradication of H. pylori were recruited. During endoscopy, biopsies were taken from the antrum and corpus for an in-house rapid urease test (RUT), histology and for the PyloriTek test (one antral and one corpus biopsy). Results of the PyloriTek test were compared with the gold standard (RUT and histology). RESULTS Analysis of PyloriTek test results from the antrum alone (101 patients before eradication and 52 patients after eradication) showed a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 96.3, 97.9, and 97.0%, respectively, for cases before eradication, and an accuracy of 100% for cases after eradication. The benefit of an additional body biopsy was marginal and only occurred in the pre-eradication group. CONCLUSION The PyloriTek test was highly accurate for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection before and after eradication therapy, with a final result available at 1 h, which is unmatched by any invasive test so far. It enhances clinical decision-making by allowing the clinicians or endoscopists to start therapy on the same day of an endoscopy visit. One biopsy from the antrum is highly reliable for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Hu SY, Wang CC, Wei HJ, Lai FC, Hu WH, Yang DY. Acute myocardial infarction caused by aortic dissection. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2001; 64:535-9. [PMID: 11768285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Clinical presentation of aortic dissection is similar to that of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Clinical differential diagnoses from lethal chest pain in emergency department include AMI, aortic dissection, pulmonary embolism, tension pneumothorax, etc. Thrombolytic therapy for recanalization of thrombotic occluded coronary artery in AMI must be considered, but it is absolutely contraindicated for aortic dissection. However, AMI secondary to aortic dissection is a rare condition, which might be caused by compression of the coronary arteries by a hematoma or extension of the dissection into the coronary arterial wall. Surgery is the first choice for AMI secondary to aortic dissection caused by extension of dissection into the coronary arterial wall. We present a case of inferior wall AMI caused by type I aortic dissection with presentation of chest pain and hemiparaplegia of right lower limb.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine; Taichung Veterans General Hospital Taiwan, ROC.
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Tung CF, Peng YC, Chen GH, Chow WK, Yang DY, Hu WH. Hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome with acute cortical blindness. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 2001; 64:482-5. [PMID: 11720149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
The coincidence of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count (HELLP) syndrome and cortical blindness is an uncommon but very dramatic event. We describe a case of HELLP syndrome complicating with acute cortical blindness before delivery. A 27 year-old woman, gravida 1, para 0, with normal medical history, was referred to our emergency department at the 33th week of gestation due to headache, vomiting, and blurred vision. The ophthalmologic examination showed intact pupillary light reflexes and normal ophthalmoscopic findings, but no light perception in either eye. Brain computed tomography showed normal findings. HELLP syndrome and preeclampsia was diagnosed based on the findings of hypertension and proteinuria as well as laboratory data. Prompt delivery was performed in order to achieve good maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Tung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
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Wong BC, Wang WH, Wong WM, Lau GK, Fung FM, Kung NN, Chu KM, Lai KC, Hu WH, Hu FL, Liu XG, Chan CK, Yuen MF, Hui WM, Lam SK. Three-day lansoprazole quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori-positive duodenal ulcers: a randomized controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15:843-9. [PMID: 11380322 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00999.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the efficacy and tolerability of a 3-day quadruple therapy with a standard 7-day triple therapy in eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection and healing duodenal ulcers. METHODS Patients with H. pylori-positive duodenal ulcers were randomized to receive either lansoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, and metronidazole 400 mg twice daily for 7 days (LCM-7) or lansoprazole 30 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, metronidazole 400 mg, and bismuth subcitrate 240 mg twice daily for 3 days (LCMB-3). No pre- or post-treatment acid suppression was used. Follow-up endoscopy was performed at week 6. RESULTS A total of 118 patients were recruited. Sixty patients in the LCM-7 group and 53 patients in the LCMB-3 group returned for endoscopy. Intention-to-treat eradication rates were 87% and 86% (P=0.94) and per protocol eradication rates were 87% and 94% (P=0.29) in the LCM-7 and LCMB-3 groups, respectively. Per protocol and intention-to-treat ulcer healing rates were 98% and 98% in LCM-7 and 100% and 91% in LCMB-3, respectively. There were no significant differences in efficacy in relation to the initial metronidazole and clarithromycin susceptibility. Significant reduction in the duration of side-effects was found in the LCMB-3 group. CONCLUSION The 3-day quadruple therapy is highly effective, better tolerated and can be considered as a first-line therapy in duodenal ulcer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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Wong BC, Wong WM, Wang WH, Tang VS, Young J, Lai KC, Yuen ST, Leung SY, Hu WH, Chan CK, Hui WM, Lam SK. An evaluation of invasive and non-invasive tests for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15:505-11. [PMID: 11284779 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00947.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different tests are available for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection. AIM To compare the most commonly used tests either alone or in combination in Chinese patients with respect to routine clinical use or research purpose. METHODS A total of 294 consecutive dyspeptic patients without previous H. pylori treatment were recruited. During upper endoscopy, biopsies were taken from the antrum and corpus, for a commercially available CLO-test, an in-house rapid urease test, culture, polymerase chain reaction and histological examination. Patients then received a 13C-urea breath test. The H. pylori status of each patient was determined by a concordance of test results. RESULTS For routine clinical use, histology (antral plus corpus biopsies) had an accuracy of 100%, whilst the rapid urease test had an accuracy of 99.7%. The 13C-urea breath test was equally reliable, with an accuracy of 94.5%. Combinations of two tests did not confer additional advantage over the most accurate single test. For research purposes, the accuracy of using the criteria of two positives out of three diagnostic tests was 100% and equivocal results were not found. CONCLUSION Histology with or without a rapid urease test was highly accurate for routine clinical use. Alternatively, the 13C-urea breath test was an equally reliable non-invasive test. The two positives out of three tests approach was highly reliable in predicting H. pylori status of untreated Chinese patients in a research setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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Wong BC, Wong WM, Wang WH, Fung FM, Lai KC, Chu KM, Yuen ST, Leung SY, Hu WH, Yuen MF, Lau GK, Chan CK, Lam SK. One-week ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Hong Kong with high prevalence of metronidazole resistance. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2001; 15:403-9. [PMID: 11207516 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00932.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare 1-week ranitidine bismuth citrate-based (RBC) triple therapy vs. omeprazole-based (O) triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in Hong Kong with high prevalence of metronidazole resistance. METHODS Patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia and H. pylori infection were randomized to receive either: (i) RBCCM: ranitidine bismuth citrate (pylorid) 400 mg, clarithromycin 250 mg and metronidazole 400 mg; or (ii) OCM: omeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 250 mg and metronidazole 400 mg, each given twice daily for 1 week. Endoscopy (CLO test, histology and culture) and 13C-urea breath test were performed before randomization and 6 weeks after drug treatment. RESULTS A total of 180 patients were randomized. H. pylori eradication rates (intention-to-treat, n=180/per protocol, n=166) were 83%/92% for RBCCM and 66%/70% for OCM (P=0.01, intention-to-treat and P=0.001, per protocol, respectively). RBCCM treatment was unaffected by metronidazole susceptibility and achieved a significantly higher eradication rate in metronidazole-resistant cases (89%) than the OCM group (45%, P=0.0064). CONCLUSION One-week ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple therapy is significantly better than omeprazole-based triple therapy for the eradication of H. pylori infection, especially in metronidazole-resistant cases. It is an effective regimen for the eradication of H. pylori infection in regions with a high prevalence of metronidazole resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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Ho JC, Chan KN, Hu WH, Lam WK, Zheng L, Tipoe GL, Sun J, Leung R, Tsang KW. The effect of aging on nasal mucociliary clearance, beat frequency, and ultrastructure of respiratory cilia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163:983-8. [PMID: 11282777 DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.163.4.9909121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased susceptibility of the elderly to lower respiratory tract infection cannot be fully explained. Although mucociliary clearance, which is affected by ciliary beating and ultrastructure, plays a crucial role in the defense of the airways against inhaled microbes, little is known of the effects of aging on these parameters. We studied the nasal mucociliary clearance (NMCC) time, ciliary beat frequency, and ultrastructure of respiratory cilia in a cohort of healthy volunteers (age range 11 to 90 yr). Ciliary beat frequency of ciliated nasal epithelial cells was obtained via an established photometric method, and NMCC time was measured with the saccharine test. There was a correlation of ciliary beat frequency (r = -0.48, p = 0.0001) and NMCC time r = 0.64, p < 0.001) with increasing age. Transmission electron microscopy revealed an increase in the percent of subjects exhibiting microtubular disarrangement and single central microtubules with aging (p = 0.002 and p = 0.005, respectively). Subjects older than 40 yr of age had significantly slower ciliary beat frequency, higher percent of ciliary cross-sections displaying single tubules, and longer NMCC time than their younger counterparts (p < 0.05). These findings may help explain the frequent occurrence of respiratory infection in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Ho
- University Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, and Anatomy, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Peng YC, Tung CF, Chow WK, Chang CS, Chen GH, Hu WH, Yang DY. Efficacy of endoscopic isotonic saline-epinephrine injection for the management of active Mallory-Weiss tears. J Clin Gastroenterol 2001; 32:119-22. [PMID: 11205645 DOI: 10.1097/00004836-200102000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic endoscopy with isotonic saline-epinephrine (ISE) injection is a convenient and widely used procedure for hemostasis in upper gastrointestinal bleeding. We retrospectively evaluated 36 patients (from January 1996 to April 1999) who had been diagnosed with recent or active bleeding due to Mallory-Weiss tears in emergency endoscopic examination. The endoscopic hemostatic method with ISE injection was performed in 15 of 36 patients. The other 21 patients received conservative treatment with hemodynamic support. Patient's clinical data, laboratory data, transfusion requirements, endoscopic findings, and length of hospital stays were evaluated. Initial hemoglobin was significantly lower in the ISE group than the conservative treatment group (9.74 +/- 2.86 g/dL vs. 12.57 +/- 2.80 g/dL, respectively; p < 0.01). Mean transfusion requirements were significantly higher in the ISE group than the conservative treatment group (7.26 +/- 8.78 units vs. 2.85 +/- 6.21 units, respectively; p < 0.1). Patients in the ISE group were supposed to be having a more severe bleeding episode. Most patients achieved initial hemostasis in the ISE group and the conservative treatment group (93% and 95%, respectively). The rebleeding rate was also similar in both groups (1 in 15 in the ISE group and I in 21 in the conservative treatment group). There was no significant difference in length of hospital stay and rebleeding between these two groups (3.47 +/- 1.92 days vs. 2.47 +/- 1.47 days, respectively: p = 0.89). The endoscopic ISE injection is an inexpensive, simple, convenient therapeutic method and it can achieve initial hemostasis for active Mallory-Weiss tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y C Peng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
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Wong BC, Chan CK, Wong KW, Wong WM, Yuen MF, Lai KC, Hu WH, Lau GK, Lai CL, Lam SK. Evaluation of a new referral system for the management of dyspepsia in Hong Kong: role of open-access upper endoscopy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 15:1251-6. [PMID: 11129217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the management of dyspepsia, upper endoscopy is an important component. In our locality, patients requiring upper endoscopy are conventionally referred to specialist clinics by family physicians. We have introduced the first open-access upper endoscopy service in Hong Kong, which has allowed family physicians to arrange endoscopy without prior specialist consultation. A study on the outcome of open-access upper endoscopy in contrast with the conventional referral system was conducted. METHODS For patients presenting with dyspepsia, family physicians in our region were given the option to arrange upper endoscopy directly with our Medical Endoscopy Unit in addition to the conventional referral to specialist clinics. The results were compared with those from the specialist clinic. A detailed prospective follow up was performed from June to September 1997 to evaluate the outcome and impact of open-access upper endoscopy. RESULTS From November 1996 to September 1999, 978 referrals for open-access upper endoscopy were received. The service significantly reduced the waiting time for the procedure by 16 weeks. Open-access upper endoscopy had similar detection rates for peptic ulcers and cancers compared with referrals from specialist clinics. Seventy-five percent of patients did not require further consultation with their family physicians within 2 months after endoscopy. It is a safe and effective procedure in establishing a definitive diagnosis. All family physicians were satisfied with the open-access upper endoscopy service. CONCLUSIONS This is the first Asian report on this service. Open-access upper endoscopy reduced waiting time from the patient perspective, decreased subsequent consultations with family physicians and reduced referral to specialist clinics as well as increased patient and doctor satisfaction. Both referral systems for endoscopy were similar in terms of the diagnostic yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Wong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong.
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Wong WM, Wong BC, Wong KW, Fung FM, Lai KC, Hu WH, Yuen ST, Leung SY, Lau GK, Lai CL, Chan CK, Go R, Lam SK. (13)C-urea breath test without a test meal is highly accurate for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14:1353-8. [PMID: 11012482 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00843.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conventional (13)C-urea breath testing ((13)C-UBT) includes a test meal to delay gastric emptying, which, theoretically, improves the accuracy of the test. Citric acid has been proposed as the best test meal. However, recent studies have suggested that a test meal may not be necessary. AIM To investigate a new (13)C-UBT protocol without a test meal in a Chinese population. METHODS Consecutive dyspeptic patients referred for upper endoscopy were recruited. (13)C-UBT was performed on two separate days with or without a test meal (2.4 Gm citric acid) and compared with the 'gold standard' (CLO test and histology). RESULTS Two hundred and two patients were tested. Using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, the optimal delta-value and optimal measurement interval for UBT were 5% and 30 min, respectively, both with or without a test meal. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of (13)C-UBT with citric acid (96.5%, 97.7%, 98.2%, 95.6%, 97.0%) were similar to (13)C-UBT without a test meal (94.7%, 97.7%, 98.2%, 93.5%, 96.0%). CONCLUSION This simplified (13)C-UBT protocol without a test meal produced highly accurate and reliable results in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The pathogenesis of noncardiac chest pain is unclear. Increased gastroesophageal reflux and decreased pain thresholds to intraesophageal balloon distension have been demonstrated in a proportion of such patients. We aimed to investigate whether acid exposure sensitizes esophageal mechanoreceptors in healthy volunteers. METHODS After an overnight fast, an infinitely compliant balloon, 4.5 cm in length and mounted on a multilumen transnasal manometry catheter, was placed 8.5 cm above the lower esophageal sphincter in 12 healthy male volunteers aged 18-39 yr. After determination of the minimal distending pressure, the balloon was inflated up to 48 mm Hg by means of a computer-controlled barostat (G & J Electronics, Canada). Graded stepwise distensions were interspersed with random decreases in pressure to two-thirds of the previous value. At each pressure level, the subjects were asked to report on sensation and the presence of pain. Baseline distension was repeated to determine reproducibility of the pressure/volume relationship and also the perception and pain thresholds. After the baseline distension sequence, the esophagus was perfused for 20 min (at 7 ml/min) with either normal saline (control) or 0.1 N hydrochloric acid at 37 degrees C on a random basis. RESULTS Basal sensory thresholds varied widely (first perception 5-36 mm Hg, pain 8 > or = 43 mm Hg). Two subjects did not experience pain up to the maximum distending pressure (42 and 43 mm Hg, respectively, after correction for the minimal distending pressure). Esophageal body compliance was similar on repeat distension. Sensory thresholds were reproducible with different distensions (perception r = 0.99, pain r = 0.95). Saline resulted in no significant changes in perception or pain thresholds. Acid perfusion reduced first perception (median before and after acid, 15 mm Hg and 8 mm Hg, respectively, p = 0.05) and pain threshold (median before and after acid, 32.5 mm Hg and 26.5 mm Hg, respectively, p = 0.05). When compared to changes after saline perfusion, acid perfusion reduced the perception threshold (median change, -3.8 mm Hg vs 0 mm Hg, p = 0.04) and tended to reduce the pain threshold (median change, -3.75 mm Hg vs +0.75 mm Hg, p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS Intraesophageal balloon distension using a barostat is a reproducible method of measuring esophageal body compliance and sensory thresholds. Acute exposure to acid seems to sensitize the esophagus to perception from intraluminal balloon distension.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Hu
- Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia
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Lai KC, Hui WM, Wong WM, Wong BC, Hu WH, Ching CK, Lam SK. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori in patients with duodenal ulcer hemorrhage--a long-term randomized, controlled study. Am J Gastroenterol 2000; 95:2225-32. [PMID: 11007222 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.02249.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in patients with uncomplicated duodenal ulcers prevents long-term recurrence of ulcers. We aimed to study whether treatment of H. pylori prevents the long-term recurrence of duodenal ulcer hemorrhage. METHODS Patients with duodenal ulcer bleeding and confirmed H. pylori infection were recruited. A total of 120 patients were randomly assigned to triple therapy (DeNoltab 120 mg, amoxycillin 500 mg, and metronidazole 300 mg four times daily) or DeNoltab 120 mg four times daily alone. No maintenance therapy was given during the follow-up period. The endpoints were the cumulative rates of symptomatic and bleeding duodenal ulcer recurrences. RESULTS Of the patients receiving the triple regimen, 85.1% had H. pylori eradicated as compared to 2.0% of patients receiving DeNoltab (p < 0.05). More patients in the DeNoltab group than those in the Triple group had recurrence of ulcer bleeding, but this did not reach statistical significance (12/60 vs 6/60, p = 0.20). Logistic regression analysis on clinical, personal, and endoscopic characteristics identified persistent H. pylori infection as the only independent predictor of recurrence of duodenal ulcer bleeding. CONCLUSIONS Treatment of H. pylori alone with the present bismuth-based triple therapy in patients with duodenal ulcer hemorrhage did not result in significant reduction in further bleeding episodes, although a trend was seen for the group that was given triple therapy. On the other hand, posttreatment H. pylori status was found to be an independent predictor of bleeding recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Lai
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, China
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Lai KC, Hui WM, Wong BC, Hu WH, Lam SK. Ulcer-healing drugs are required after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric ulcer but not duodenal ulcer haemorrhage. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14:1071-6. [PMID: 10930902 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00803.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the efficacy of a 2-week anti-Helicobacter therapy in the healing of H. pylori-associated bleeding peptic ulcers. METHODS Omeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg and amoxycillin 1 g, twice daily, were given for 2 weeks to 180 patients with H. pylori-associated bleeding peptic ulcers. Endoscopy was repeated 4 weeks after the eradication therapy to assess healing of the peptic ulcers. RESULTS Repeat endoscopies were performed in 168 patients (42 gastric ulcer and 126 duodenal ulcer) who followed the protocol. Thirty-eight patients with bleeding gastric ulcers and 124 patients with bleeding duodenal ulcers healed 4 weeks after treatment (per protocol analysis; gastric ulcer: 91% vs. duodenal ulcer: 98%; P=0. 035). No patients who were compliant to the study medications suffered from re-bleeding. Stepwise discriminant analysis demonstrated that small ulcers (< 15 mm) and the presence of duodenal ulcers best predicted healing of the peptic ulcers. CONCLUSIONS Ulcer-healing drugs should be continued after a 2-week course of omeprazole-containing anti-Helicobacter therapy for gastric ulcers and large peptic ulcers that have bled, but can be omitted in most patients with a bleeding duodenal ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Lai
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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Wang WH, Wong BC, Mukhopadhyay AK, Berg DE, Cho CH, Lai KC, Hu WH, Fung FM, Hui WM, Lam SK. High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection with dual resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin in Hong Kong. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14:901-10. [PMID: 10886046 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00795.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metronidazole resistance is a common problem in most Asian countries, and clarithromycin has been widely used in Hong Kong. AIM To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori strains resistant to metronidazole and clarithromycin in Hong Kong and to assess the effect on eradication rates. Also to determine the genetic mutation in relation to phenotypic divergence in clarithromycin-resistant strains. METHODS H. pylori were cultured from gastric biopsies obtained from 87 patients during upper endoscopy. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of metronidazole and clarithromycin were determined by Etest and agar dilution methods. Mutations in clarithromycin-resistant strains were identified by polymerase chain reaction and restriction analysis. Random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting was performed on clarithromycin-resistant and susceptible isolates. RESULTS The prevalences of H. pylori strains resistant to metronidazole and clarithromycin were 49.4% and 10.8%, respectively, in Hong Kong. Dual resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin were found in 7. 2% of patients. The agreement between E-test and agar dilution methods was determined by error-rate bound analysis as 95.4% for metronidazole and 100% for clarithromycin. Dual resistant strains reduced the eradication rate to 66.7%. Among clarithromycin-resistant strains tested, all were due to A2144G point mutation in 23S rRNA gene. Random amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting suggested various phenotypically mixed populations. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of metronidazole-resistant H. pylori strains remained static whilst the prevalence of clarithromycin-resistant strains was not rare in Hong Kong. An alarming 7.2% of patients were resistant to both the antimicrobials, which had a definite impact on treatment success. All cases of resistance to clarithromycin were due to A2144G mutation in 23S rRNA of H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China
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Hu WH, Lam SK. Helicobacter pylori and dyspepsia: still an unresolved controversy? J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 15:470-2. [PMID: 10847430 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2000.02183.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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Abstract
Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD), caspase-8-related protein (Casper), and caspase-8 are components of the tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 (TNF-R1) and Fas signaling complexes that are involved in TNF-R1- and Fas-induced apoptosis. Here we show that overexpression of FADD and Casper potently activates NF-kappaB. In the presence of caspase inhibitors, overexpression of caspase-8 also activates NF-kappaB. A caspase-inactive point mutant, caspase-8(C360S), activates NF-kappaB as potently as wild-type caspase-8, suggesting that caspase-8-induced apoptosis and NF-kappaB activation are uncoupled. NF-kappaB activation by FADD and Casper is inhibited by the caspase-specific inhibitors crmA and BD-fmk, suggesting that FADD- and Casper-induced NF-kappaB activation is mediated by caspase-8. FADD, Casper, and caspase-8-induced NF-kappaB activation are inhibited by dominant negative mutants of TRAF2, NIK, IkappaB kinase alpha, and IkappaB kinase beta. A dominant negative mutant of RIP inhibits FADD- and caspase-8-induced but not Casper-induced NF-kappaB activation. A mutant of Casper and the caspase-specific inhibitors crmA and BD-fmk partially inhibit TNF-R1-, TRADD, and TNF-induced NF-kappaB activation, suggesting that FADD, Casper, and caspase-8 function downstream of TRADD and contribute to TNF-R1-induced NF-kappaB activation. Moreover, activation of caspase-8 results in proteolytic processing of NIK, which is inhibited by crmA. When overexpressed, the processed fragments of NIK do not activate NF-kappaB, and the processed C-terminal fragment inhibits TNF-R1-induced NF-kappaB activation. These data indicate that FADD, Casper, and pro-caspase-8 are parts of the TNF-R1-induced NF-kappaB activation pathways, whereas activated caspase-8 can negatively regulate TNF-R1-induced NF-kappaB activation by proteolytically inactivating NIK.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Hu
- Department of Immunology, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA
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Wong BC, Wong W, Tang VS, Lai K, Yuen S, Hu WH, Chan C, Lau GK, Lai C, Lam S. An evaluation of whole blood testing for Helicobacter pylori infection in the Chinese population. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2000; 14:331-5. [PMID: 10735927 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00704.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near patient tests for Helicobacter pylori were developed to assist in the management of dyspepsia patients in general practice. Most studies were performed in western populations. AIM To evaluate the rapid whole blood test (Flexpack HP) for H. pylori in the Chinese population. METHODS Consecutive dyspeptic patients referred for upper endoscopy were recruited. During upper endoscopy, biopsies were taken from the antrum and corpus for rapid urease test (CLO test) and histological examination. After endoscopy, the whole blood test (FlexPack HP) was performed according to the manufacturer's instruction. Patients then received a 13C-urea breath test. Results of the whole blood test were compared with the gold standard (CLO test, histology and 13C-urea breath test). RESULTS A total of 294 consecutive patients gave a valid Flexpack HP result for interpretation. The mean age of patients was 47.7 (range 15-85) years. Analysis showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 58%, 92%, 91%, 63% and 73% respectively. CONCLUSION The FlexPack HP whole blood test showed good specificity but lacked sensitivity. It is not sensitive enough to be used in a general practice setting for the test-and-treat approach in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Wong
- Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong S.A.R., China.
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Hu WH, Qiang WA, Li F, Liu N, Wang GQ, Wang HY, Wan XS, Liao WH, Liu JS, Jen MF. Constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthases after dynorphin-induced spinal cord injury. J Chem Neuroanat 2000; 17:183-97. [PMID: 10697245 DOI: 10.1016/s0891-0618(99)00039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been demonstrated that selective inhibition of both neuronal constitutive and inducible nitric oxide synthases (ncNOS and iNOS) is neuroprotective in a model of dynorphin (Dyn) A(1-17)-induced spinal cord injury. In the present study, various methods including the conversion of 3H-L-arginine to 3H-citrulline, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization are employed to determine the temporal profiles of the enzymatic activities, immunoreactivities, and mRNA expression for both ncNOS and iNOS after intrathecal injection of a neurotoxic dose (20 nmol) of Dyn A(1-17). The expression of ncNOS immunoreactivity and mRNA increased as early as 30 min after injection and persisted for 1-4 h. At 24-48 h, the number of ncNOS positive cells remained elevated while most neurons died. The cNOS enzymatic activity in the ventral spinal cord also significantly increased at 30 min 48 h, but no significant changes in the dorsal spinal cord were observed. However, iNOS mRNA expression increased later at 2 h, iNOS immunoreactivity and enzymatic activity increased later at 4 h and persisted for 24-48 h after injection of 20 nmol Dyn A(1-17). These results indicate that both ncNOS and iNOS are associated with Dyn-induced spinal cord injury, with ncNOS predominantly involved at an early stage and iNOS at a later stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Hu
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
The recently reported increase in seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori, the causative pathogen in peptic ulceration, in bronchiectasis is unexplained. Therefore, the association of antibodies directed against cytotoxin-associated gene A(CagA), whose expression indicates virulence of H. pylori, and upper gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with stable bronchiectasis and healthy volunteers evaluated. One hundred patients (mean +/- SD age 55.1+/-16.7 yrs) and 94 healthy asymptomatic subjects (54.6+/-7.6 yrs) underwent clinical and physiological assessment and serum levels of anti-H. pylori CagA were determined using standard clinical and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Samples were positive for anti-H. pylori CagA in 11.7% of controls and 24% of bronchiectatic subjects (p = 0.03). There was, however, no association between serum H. pylori CagA immunoglobulin G level and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), sputum volume, respiratory symptoms or upper respiratory gastrointestinal symptoms (p>0.05). Patients who suffered from acid regurgitation or upper abdominal distension had significantly lower FEV1 and FVC (as a percentage of the predicted value) compared to their counterparts. The results of anticytotoxin-associated gene A measurements in this study contrasted with the previous finding that anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G correlated with sputum volume. These findings, therefore, suggest that Helicobacter pylori, should it have a pathogenic role in bronchiectasis, could act via noncytotoxin-associated gene A-mediated mechanisms, and, in this context, gastro-oesophageal reflux might be of importance in bronchiectasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K W Tsang
- University Dept of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, SAR
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Hu WH, Johnson H, Shu HB. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptors signal NF-kappaB and JNK activation and apoptosis through distinct pathways. J Biol Chem 1999; 274:30603-10. [PMID: 10521444 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.274.43.30603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF family that interacts with several receptors, including TRAIL-R1, TRAIL-R2, and TRAIL-R4. TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 can induce apoptosis of cancer cells and activate the transcription factor NF-kappaB. TRAIL-R4 can activate NF-kappaB and protect cells from TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Here we show that TRAIL-R1-, TRAIL-R2-, and TRAIL-R4-induced NF-kappaB activation are mediated by a TRAF2-NIK-IkappaB kinase alpha/beta signaling cascade but is MEKK1 independent. TRAIL receptors also activate the protein kinase JNK. JNK activation by TRAIL-R1 is mediated by a TRAF2-MEKK1-MKK4 but not the TRAF2-NIK/IkappaB kinase alpha/beta signaling pathway. We also show that activation of NF-kappaB or overexpression of TRAIL-R4 does not protect TRAIL-R1-induced apoptosis. Moreover, inhibition of NF-kappaB by IkappaBalpha sensitizes cells to tumor necrosis factor- but not TRAIL-induced apoptosis. These findings suggest that TRAIL receptors induce apoptosis, NF-kappaB and JNK activation through distinct signaling pathways, and activation of NF-kappaB is not sufficient for protecting cells from TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Hu
- National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Division of Basic Immunology, Department of Immunology, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA
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Wong BC, Lam SK, Ching CK, Hu WH, Ong LY, Chen BW, Gao Z, Chen JS, Jiang XW, Hou XH, Lu JY, Wang WH, Ho J, Yuen ST, Lai KC, Kwok E, Hui WM, Covacci A. Seroprevalence of cytotoxin-associated gene A positive Helicobacter pylori strains in Changle, an area with very high prevalence of gastric cancer in south China. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 1999; 13:1295-302. [PMID: 10540043 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00619.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori, especially the CagA-positive strains, are closely associated with peptic ulcers and gastric cancers. We performed a large scale gastric cancer screening project and examined the prevalence of H. pylori and CagA-positive strains in Changle, China, an area with one of the World's highest gastric cancer mortality. We also compared the prevalence with that in Hong Kong which has one-tenth of the gastric cancer mortality of that in Changle. METHODS A total of 2424 subjects in Changle and 523 subjects in Hong Kong had endoscopic examination and venesection. Sera were tested for anti-H. pylori antibody and anti-CagA antibody and correlated with endoscopic findings. RESULTS In Changle, 80. 9% of the subjects were H. pylori carriers. Out of 551 carriers, 408 (74%) were positive for anti-CagA antibody. A total of 76% and 87% of the asymptomatic and gastric cancer patients were positive for anti-CagA antibody, respectively (P > 0.05). Compared to Hong Kong, there was a significantly (P < 0.0001) higher prevalence of CagA-positive strains in asymptomatic subjects in Changle (76%) than in Hong Kong (28%), but not in peptic ulcers or gastric cancers. CONCLUSIONS Subjects in Changle had a high prevalence of H. pylori infection and a high prevalence of the CagA-positive strains. The contrast in the prevalence of CagA-positive strains, in asymptomatic subjects in two areas with differing gastric cancer mortality, supports the pathogenic role of CagA-positive strains in gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Wong
- Department of Medicine and Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Chang CY, Peng YC, Hung DZ, Hu WH, Yang DY, Lin TJ. Clinical impact of upper gastrointestinal tract injuries in glyphosate-surfactant oral intoxication. Hum Exp Toxicol 1999; 18:475-8. [PMID: 10462358 DOI: 10.1191/096032799678847078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fifty patients with glyphosate-surfactant oral ingestion were studied with upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopic grading using Zargar's modified grading system for mucosal corrosive injury. Esophageal injury was seen in 68% of the patients, gastric injury in 72%, and duodenal injury in 16%. There were no grade 3 injuries. The upper gastrointestinal tract injuries caused by glyphosate-surfactant were minor in comparison with those by other strong acids. The WBC count, amount of glyphosate-surfactant ingested, length of hospital stay and the occurrence of serious complications increased markedly in the group which had grade 2 esophageal injuries. Thus, the severity of the esophageal injuries may be a prognostic factor for the patient with glyphosate-surfactant ingestion. The UGI endoscopy may be indicated for grading esophageal injury in patients who have ingested glyphosate-surfactant in amounts greater than 100 ml. Physicians should pay more attention to the patients with grade 2 or 3 esophageal injuries to prevent serious complications and to provide aggressive supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Abstract
A 27-year-old robust man, without any medical and surgical history, attempted to commit suicide by consumption of 300 cc (44.1%, 132.3 g) basagran, a readily available herbicide. This poisoning resulted in vomiting, fever, sweating, pipe-like muscle rigidity, sinus tachycardia, drowsiness, leukocytosis, rhabdomyolysis and hepatorenal damage. Emperical treatment with bromocriptine was temporally associated with resolution of above signs and symptoms. His clinical presentations and the effect of bromocriptine may be indicative that basagran poisoning mimicks neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Lin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Shu HB, Hu WH, Johnson H. TALL-1 is a novel member of the TNF family that is down-regulated by mitogens. J Leukoc Biol 1999; 65:680-3. [PMID: 10331498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family play important roles in modulation of immune responses. We describe the identification and cloning of a novel TNF family member that has been designated as TALL-1. TALL-1 is a 285-amino acid type II transmembrane protein. Its carboxy terminus shares approximately 35% sequence identity with the recently identified APRIL and approximately 20-25% with TNF, FasL, TRAIL, and lymphotoxin-alpha, suggesting that TALL-1 and APRIL belong to a subfamily of the TNF family of ligands. Northern blot analysis suggests that TALL-1 is expressed abundantly in peripheral blood leukocytes and weakly in spleen but is barely detectable in all other tissues examined. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis indicates that TALL-1 is specifically expressed in monocytes and macrophages but is undetectable in T and B lymphocytes. Furthermore, TALL-1 expression is dramatically down-regulated by phorbol myristate acetate/ionomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Shu
- National Jewish Medical and Research Center, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Department of Immunology, Denver 80206, USA.
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