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Pyae NYL, Maiuthed A, Phongsopitanun W, Ouengwanarat B, Sukma W, Srimongkolpithak N, Pengon J, Rattanajak R, Kamchonwongpaisan S, Ei ZZ, Chunhacha P, Wilasluck P, Deetanya P, Wangkanont K, Hengphasatporn K, Shigeta Y, Rungrotmongkol T, Chamni S. N-Containing α-Mangostin Analogs via Smiles Rearrangement as the Promising Cytotoxic, Antitrypanosomal, and SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease Inhibitory Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031104. [PMID: 36770770 PMCID: PMC9919084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
New N-containing xanthone analogs of α-mangostin were synthesized via one-pot Smiles rearrangement. Using cesium carbonate in the presence of 2-chloroacetamide and catalytic potassium iodide, α-mangostin (1) was subsequently transformed in three steps to provide ether 2, amide 3, and amine 4 in good yields at an optimum ratio of 1:3:3, respectively. The evaluation of the biological activities of α-mangostin and analogs 2-4 was described. Amine 4 showed promising cytotoxicity against the non-small-cell lung cancer H460 cell line fourfold more potent than that of cisplatin. Both compounds 3 and 4 possessed antitrypanosomal properties against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense at a potency threefold stronger than that of α-mangostin. Furthermore, ether 2 gave potent SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibition by suppressing 3-chymotrypsinlike protease (3CLpro) activity approximately threefold better than that of 1. Fragment molecular orbital method (FMO-RIMP2/PCM) indicated the improved binding interaction of 2 in the 3CLpro active site regarding an additional ether moiety. Thus, the series of N-containing α-mangostin analogs prospectively enhance druglike properties based on isosteric replacement and would be further studied as potential biotically active chemical entries, particularly for anti-lung-cancer, antitrypanosomal, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 main protease applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yadanar Lin Pyae
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Arnatchai Maiuthed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Centre of Biopharmaceutical Science for Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Wongsakorn Phongsopitanun
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Bongkot Ouengwanarat
- Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Warongrit Sukma
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nitipol Srimongkolpithak
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Jutharat Pengon
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Roonglawan Rattanajak
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Sumalee Kamchonwongpaisan
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Zin Zin Ei
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Preedakorn Chunhacha
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Patcharin Wilasluck
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Crop, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Peerapon Deetanya
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Crop, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kittikhun Wangkanont
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Crop, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Kowit Hengphasatporn
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Shigeta
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8577, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- Center of Excellence in Biocatalyst and Sustainable Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Supakarn Chamni
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +662-218-8357
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Lin ACK, Netcharoensirisuk P, Sanachai K, Sukma W, Chansriniyom C, Chaotham C, De-Eknamkul W, Rungrotmongkol T, Chamni S. Caffeic acid N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] amide as a non-steroidal inhibitor for steroid 5α-reductase type 1 using a human keratinocyte cell-based assay and molecular dynamics. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20858. [PMID: 36460729 PMCID: PMC9718795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25335-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid derivatives containing amide moieties similar to those of finasteride and dutasteride were synthesized. An in vitro inhibitory activity evaluation of caffeic acid (1) and its amide derivatives (2 - 4) against the steroid 5α-reductase type 1 (SRD5A1) produced by human keratinocyte cells coupled with the non-radioactive high-performance thin-layer chromatography detection revealed that caffeic acid N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] amide (4) was a promising non-steroidal suppressor, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.44 ± 0.13 µM and relatively low cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 29.99 ± 8.69 µM. The regulatory role of compound 4 against SRD5A1 involved both suppression of SRD5A1 expression and mixed mode SRD5A1 inhibition. The Ki value of compound 4 was 2.382 µM based on the whole-cell kinetic studies under specific conditions. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations with AlphaFold generated the human SRD5A1 structure and confirmed the stability of compound 4 at the SRD5A1 catalytic site with greater interactions, including hydrogen bonding of the key M119 amino-acid residue than those of finasteride and dutasteride. Thus, compound 4 shows the potential for further development as an SRD5A1 suppressor for androgenic alopecia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aye Chan Khine Lin
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Ponsawan Netcharoensirisuk
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Natural Product Biotechnology Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Kamonpan Sanachai
- grid.9786.00000 0004 0470 0856Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Warongrit Sukma
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Chaisak Chansriniyom
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Chatchai Chaotham
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Center of Excellence in Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Wanchai De-Eknamkul
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Natural Product Biotechnology Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Thanyada Rungrotmongkol
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Center of Excellence in Structural and Computational Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Supakarn Chamni
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Program, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Natural Products and Nanoparticles Research Unit (NP2), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
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