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Kuo WK, Chen PJ, Wu MH, Lee HC(H, Fan JK, Hsu PH, Weng CF. Tumor Location Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Completely Resected Pathological Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1710. [PMID: 38730661 PMCID: PMC11083109 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies suggested that the location of the primary tumor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with clinical features and prognosis, but results are conflicting. The purpose of this study was to explore tumor location as an independent risk factor of survival for patients with completely resected pathological stage I NSCLC. This was a multicenter retrospective study conducted in Taiwan. Included patients were diagnosed with stage I NSCLC and had undergone primary tumor resection. Variables including tumor location, pathological stage, histological differentiation, and International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) grade were evaluated for predictive ability for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). A total of 208 patients were included, with 123 (59.1%) patients having a primary tumor in the upper and middle lobes. The median duration of follow-up for survivors was 60.5 months. Compared to patients with IASLC Grade 3 disease, patients with Grade 1 disease had significantly longer DFS. Tumor location and IASLC grade were independent predictors for OS in multivariate analysis. Specifically, patients with NSCLC in the lower lobe and patients who are histologically classified as IASLC Grade 3 may have poorer prognosis and require greater attention to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ke Kuo
- Division of Respiratory Therapy and Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei 221, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Ju Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, New Taipei 221, Taiwan;
| | - Mei-Hsuan Wu
- Center of Teaching and Research, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
- Precision Medicine Ph.D. Program, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | | | - Jiun-Kai Fan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Pang-Hung Hsu
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan;
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fu Weng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Kuo WK, Weng CF, Lien YJ. Treatment beyond progression in non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1023894. [PMID: 36465371 PMCID: PMC9713814 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1023894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Treatment beyond progression (TBP) is defined as treatment continuing in spite of disease progression, according to the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide evidence for the effects of TBP on lung cancer survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study has been conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. A systematic review of PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Collaboration Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials from the inception of each database to December 2021 was conducted. Two authors independently reviewed articles for inclusion and extract data from all the retrieved articles. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, version 3 (Biostat, Englewood, NJ, USA). Hazard ratios (HRs) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used for survival outcomes. RESULTS We identified five (15.6%) prospective randomized trials and twenty-seven (84.4%) retrospective observational studies of a total of 9,631 patients for the meta-analysis. 3,941 patients (40.9%) were in a TBP group and 5,690 patients (59.1%) were in a non-TBP group. There is a statistically significant advantage for patients who received TBP compared with those who did not in post progression progression-free survival (ppPFS), post progression overall survival (ppOS), and overall survival (OS) from initiation of drugs (ppPFS: HR, 0.746; 95% CI, 0.644-0.865; P<0.001; ppOS: HR, 0.689; 95% CI, 0.596-0.797; P<0.001; OS from initiation of drugs: HR, 0.515; 95% CI, 0.387-0.685; P<0.001). CONCLUSION This study provides further evidence in support of TBP for NSCLC, however, these results require cautious interpretation. Large, randomized, controlled trials investigating the efficacy of TBP in lung cancer treatment are warranted. SYSTEMIC REVIEW REGISTRATION https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ identifier CRD42021285147.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ke Kuo
- Division of Respiratory Therapy and Chest Medicine, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fu Weng
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Ju Lien
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ho ML, Kuo WK, Chu LJ, Yeh IH, Fan CW, Chang HI, Yuan CL, Chou TY, Chen HY, Yang SW, Chang LC, Luo M, Wu TH, Chang YFI, Yu CJ, Hua CC, Ng WV. N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS), Similar to Glycodelin, Is a Potential General Biomarker for Multiple Malignancies. Anticancer Res 2019; 39:6317-6324. [PMID: 31704862 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS) as a new biomarker candidate for detecting lung cancer. Glycodelin or PAEP, the serum levels of which are known to be elevated in lung and other cancers, served as a benchmark for comparison. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 170 serum samples from healthy controls and patients with pneumonia, lung cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, liver cancer, and head and neck cancer were analyzed for the levels of GALNS and PAEP by ELISA. RESULTS The median serum levels of GALNS and PAEP in all cancer types as well as pneumonia patients were significantly higher than those of the healthy controls. CONCLUSION In addition to previously known cancers, the median serum levels of PAEP were also found to be higher in liver and head and neck cancer patients. GALNS and PAEP are promising general biomarkers for multiple cancers and deserve further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lung Ho
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Ke Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Lichieh J Chu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - I-Hsin Yeh
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Wei Fan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsin-I Chang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cho-Li Yuan
- Liver Research Unit, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ting-Yu Chou
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hoang-Yang Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Wei Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Liang-Che Chang
- Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Minzhen Luo
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Timothy H Wu
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Feng I Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chung-Ching Hua
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
| | - Wailap V Ng
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C. .,Institute of Biomedical Informatics, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Kuo WK, Liu YC, Chu CM, Hua CC, Huang CY, Liu MH, Wang CH. Amino Acid-Based Metabolic Indexes Identify Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease And Further Discriminates Patients In Advanced BODE Stages. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2019; 14:2257-2266. [PMID: 31631995 PMCID: PMC6778323 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s220557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The BODE index is a multidimensional grading system for predicting the prognoses of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study investigated whether an amino acids-based metabolic profile developed for heart failure patients (including histidine, ornithine, phenylalanine, and leucine) could identify COPD patients and further discriminates COPD patients in advanced BODE stages. Methods Ultra-performance liquid chromatography was performed on 119 participants, including 75 COPD patients at different BODE stages and 44 normal controls. Albumin, pre-albumin, transferrin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and hand grip strength were also measured. Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under curves were used for estimation. Results The BODE points in our patients were 3.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.74-3.85]. Compared to normal controls, COPD patients had lower leucine but higher ornithine levels. A COPD score, developed based on leucine and ornithine, significantly discriminated COPD from normal controls [odds ratio (OR) = 2.71, 95% CI = 1.83-4.04, p <0.001]. A COPD score of ≥ 3.00 had an OR of 15.58 (95% CI = 5.96-40.73, p <0.001). In COPD patients from BODE 1 to BODE 4, the levels of histidine, ornithine and phenylalanine increased significantly. In multivariable analysis, histidine and phenylalanine were independently able to distinguish BODE stages 3 and 4 from BODE 1 and were adopted to develop a metabolic score. Metabolic scores identified patients at BODE 3 and 4 (OR = 2.74, 95% CI =1.41-5.29, p = 0.003) better than hand grip strength, high sensitive C-reactive protein, albumin, pre-albumin, and transferrin value. A metabolic score of ≥9.53 significantly discriminated BODE 3 and 4 from BODE 1 and 2 (OR = 8.56, 95% CI = 2.77-26.39, p <0.001). Conclusion Amino acid-based COPD score and metabolic score discriminate COPD patients from normal controls, and identify patients in advanced stages of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ke Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Chu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Hua
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hui Liu
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Heart Failure Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Wang
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Heart Failure Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
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Kuo WK, Hua CC, Yu CC, Liu YC, Huang CY. The cancer control status and APACHE II score are prognostic factors for critically ill patients with cancer and sepsis. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 119:276-281. [PMID: 31153724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Patients with cancer are eligible for hospice care when their life expectancy is 180 days or shorter. This study investigated the prognostic factors of patients with cancer and sepsis who were admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) to assist with clinical decisions of hospice care. METHODS A series of 279 patients admitted to the medical ICU with cancer and sepsis were included. Another series of 109 patients with cancer and sepsis admitted to the other medical ICU in the different branch of our hospital was included to verify the results. RESULTS Among 279 patients, the 30-, 90-, and 180-day mortality rates were 47.3%, 72.0%, and 81.0%, respectively. APACHE II score and the cancer control status (controlled or remission (CR), active newly diagnosed (AND) and active recurrent or progressive (ARP)) were significant predictors of 30- and 90-day mortality(30-day: AND(odds ratio: 5.66; 95% confidence interval: 2.12-15.15), ARP(6.24; 2.92-13.33), APACHE II( 1.07; 1.03-1.11); 90-day: AND(4.78; 1.91-11.99), ARP( 24.03; 11.11-51.99), APACHE II( 1.07; 1.02-1.19)) and were associated with a poor 180-day outcome. The 180-day mortality were significantly different among the patients with different cancer control status in the series of 279 patients (CR: 29.8%; AND: 69.4%; and ARP: 98.9 %) and that of 109 patients (46.4%; 96.8%; and 94.0%). CONCLUSION APACHE II score and the cancer control status may be the prognostic factors for critically ill patients with cancer and sepsis, and they may be helpful for evaluating hospice care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ke Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Ching Hua
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Chieh Yu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chih Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Yu Huang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC.
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Yu CC, Huang CY, Kuo WK, Chen CY. Continuous positive airway pressure improves nocturnal polyuria in ischemic stroke patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Clin Interv Aging 2019; 14:241-247. [PMID: 30774323 PMCID: PMC6362916 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s193448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on nocturia in ischemic stroke patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods This was a prospective and non-randomized controlled study in which ischemic stroke patients with OSA being treated in a rehabilitation ward were enrolled. The participants who tolerated CPAP were classified as the CPAP group, while those who refused or could not tolerate CPAP were classified as the control group. The percentage change of nocturia before and after 2 weeks of CPAP therapy between the two groups were compared. Results A total of 44 participants were enrolled in and 35 participants (mean age= 59.8±11.7 years old; mean apnea hypopnea index=42.9±16.7/h) completed the study (control group: 14, CPAP group: 21). Overall, 69% of the participants had nocturnal polyuria and 69% of them had more than one nocturia episode per night. The baseline and initial nocturia characteristics did not differ significantly between the two groups. As compared to the control group, CPAP therapy significantly decreased the nocturnal polyuria index (mean percentage change: 9% vs −21% (P=0.005)) and nocturnal urine output (mean percentage change: 6% vs −26% (P=0.04)), but not the nocturia episodes or 24-hours total urine output. Conclusion Nocturia due to nocturnal polyuria is very common in post-stroke patients with OSA. Treating OSA by CPAP significantly reduces nocturnal polyuria, but not nocturia frequency, in ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chieh Yu
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, .,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, .,Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan,
| | - Chih-Yu Huang
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, .,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, .,Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan,
| | - Wei-Ke Kuo
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, .,Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, .,Department of Respiratory Therapy, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan,
| | - Chung-Yao Chen
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan, .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
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Lee YT, Lee CM, Lin CS, Sheu SH, Kuo WK, Tsai CW, Huang LC, Huang HC, Wang JS, Tseng WK. A double-blind comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of telmisartan 40-80 mg vs. losartan 50-100 mg in Taiwanese hypertensive patients. Int J Clin Pract 2005:40-5. [PMID: 15617458 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2004.00409.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group, dose-titration study was conducted to determine the efficacy and tolerability of telmisartan 40-80 mg once daily compared with losartan 50-100 mg once daily in 180 Taiwanese patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. After an initial 2-week placebo run-in phase, patients were randomised in a double-blind, double-dummy fashion to receive either telmisartan 40 mg or losartan 50 mg. If blood pressure control (diastolic blood pressure [DBP] <90 mmHg or > or = 10 mmHg reduction in DBP) was achieved after 4 weeks, the dose was maintained for the second 4 weeks of the active treatment phase; if not, the dose was doubled to telmisartan 80 mg or losartan 100 mg, respectively, for the second 4 weeks of double-blind treatment. Telmisartan 40-80 mg (n = 86) was as effective as losartan 50-100 mg (n = 90) in reducing trough seated DBP (11.1 vs. 8.7 mmHg, p = 0.144), and was significantly more effective than losartan in reducing trough seated systolic blood pressure (SBP) (22.1 vs. 16.5 mmHg, p = 0.032) and standing SBP (21.0 vs. 16.3 mmHg, p = 0.033). Significantly fewer patients treated with telmisartan than those treated with losartan required uptitration after 4 weeks' treatment (32.6% vs. 61.5%, p = 0.001). Both telmisartan and losartan were well tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Kuo WK, Chen WH, Huang YT, Huang SL. Two-Dimensional Electric-Field Vector Measurement by a LiTaO(3) electro-optic probe tip. Appl Opt 2000; 39:4985-4993. [PMID: 18350096 DOI: 10.1364/ao.39.004985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
An electro-optic probe tip that is made from LiTaO crystal to make tangentially two-dimensional electric-field (E-field) vector measurements is presented. We combine a new electro-optic modulation technique and a conventional one to resolve the two E-field components. The new modulation effect on the optical probing beam is caused by rotation of the principal axis the electro-optic crystal, which is proportional to the E-field. Inasmuch as there is no free charge involved in the axis rotation, rotation modulation of the axis can be as fast as conventional modulation. The principles are carefully derived, and an experimental system constructed, to measure two-dimensional E-field vectors on a test pattern. The results are in good agreement with those obtained with commercial software for electromagnetic simulation. The sensitivities of two tangential E-field components are 76 (mV/cm)/ radicalHz and 0.8 (V/cm)/ radicalHz, respectively. The root-mean-square error of an E-field directional measurement is 1.5 degrees .
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Kuo WK, Huang YT, Huang SL. Three-dimensional electric-field vector measurement with an electro-optic sensing technique. Opt Lett 1999; 24:1546-1548. [PMID: 18079858 DOI: 10.1364/ol.24.001546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A new technique for three-dimensional (3D) electric-field (e-field) vector measurement is presented. Three laser beams with different propagation paths in an electro-optic (EO) crystal were used to resolve 3D components of e-field vectors. We adopted a special geometric shape of bismuth silicon oxide EO crystal so that the three beams would propagate within it. A sensitivity of 0.6 V/cm square root Hz was achieved. A commercial Ansoft Maxwell 3D field simulator was also used to verify our measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Kuo
- Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University and Precision Instrument Development Center, Taiwan
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