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Sales DP, Silva-Junior MHS, Tavares CP, Sousa IC, Sousa DM, Brito DRB, Camargo AM, Leite RC, Faccini JLH, Lopes WDZ, Labruna MB, Luz HR, Costa-Junior LM. Biology of the non-parasitic phase of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus in an area of Amazon influence. Parasit Vectors 2024; 17:129. [PMID: 38486221 PMCID: PMC10938741 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06220-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is the most important tick species affecting cattle in the world. Under field conditions, the non-parasitic phase of R. (B.) microplus is unknown in the Amazon biome, including Brazil. The present study aimed to evaluate the non-parasitic phase of R. (B.) microplus in field (grass plots) and laboratory conditions. METHODS The study was conducted from September 2020 to April 2022 in an Amazonian region (Maranhão State, Brazil). We evaluated the biological parameters of R. (B.) microplus under laboratory and field conditions. Engorged females were exposed to experimental conditions every 14 days, totaling 20 months of study. The following biological parameters were observed: pre-oviposition period, egg mass incubation period, and maximum larval survival period. RESULTS Abiotic data (e.g., temperature and humidity) varied little throughout the year. Precipitation was the factor that varied the most throughout the year (dry ~ 30 mm3 and rain 400 mm3), and the parameters of pre-oviposition and pre-hatching are longer during the rainy season. A possible negative effect of the dry season on the percentage of hatched eggs was observed. Larval longevity in the plots of both control and free females was short (mean ~ 50-60 days), below that recorded for larvae under controlled conditions (mean ~ 95 days). CONCLUSIONS Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus was able to complete its non-parasitic phase by producing host-seeking larvae in the pasture during all months of the study. The results indicate that R. (B.) microplus can complete up to six generations per year in biome Amazon. To our knowledge, this is the highest number of annual generations for R. (B.) microplus in Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela P Sales
- Post-Graduation Program in Animal Health Defense, State University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Caio P Tavares
- Laboratory of Parasite Control, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Isabella C Sousa
- Laboratory of Parasite Control, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Dauana M Sousa
- Laboratory of Parasite Control, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Danilo R B Brito
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - André M Camargo
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Romário Cerqueira Leite
- Post-Graduation Program in Animal Health Defense, State University of Maranhão, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - J L H Faccini
- Post‑Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | - Welber D Z Lopes
- School of Veterinary and Zootechny of the Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marcelo B Labruna
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hermes R Luz
- Laboratory of Parasite Control, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil.
- Post‑Graduation Program in Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Biodiversity and Conservation, Center of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
| | - Livio M Costa-Junior
- Laboratory of Parasite Control, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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Heller LM, Zapa DMB, Melo-Junior RD, Cavalcante ASA, Couto LFM, Ferreira LL, Soares VE, Martins DB, Camargo F, Iara ÍHN, Arnhold E, Rodrigues DC, Leme FOP, Lopes WDZ. Comparison between the Mission Plus device and gold standard methods for measuring hemoglobin concentrations and packed cell volumes in cattle. Vet Clin Pathol 2021; 50:495-500. [PMID: 34719785 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A point-of-care device that can provide immediate and reliable hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations and packed cell volumes (PCVs) would be useful in veterinary medicine. OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare the use of a human device (Mission Plus; MP) with a gold standard (GS) method for measuring Hb concentrations and PCVs in cattle blood. METHODS Blood samples from clinically healthy cattle (n = 122) were collected with or without an anticoagulant (K2 EDTA). The GS and MP methods were compared with correlation coefficients. Passing-Bablok regression analyses were also performed, and the acceptability judgment was completed using Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS The CVmax for Hb values obtained using the GS method, the MP device without K2 EDTA, and the MP device with K2 EDTA were approximately 2.70%, 1.70%, and 2.0%, respectively, whereas the CVmax for PCVs was 0.90%, 1.83%, and 2.05%, respectively. A positive correlation (97.5% confidence interval) was observed between the Hb concentrations and PCV values detected using the MP and GS techniques in blood with and without K2 EDTA. Bland-Altman plots showed agreement between the MP and GS methods. For Hb using blood collected with or without the addition of K2 EDTA, the mean differences were -0.87 g/dL (95% CI: 1.35; -3.96) and 0.08 g/dL (95% CI: 2.16, -1.99), respectively. For PCVs using blood collected with or without the addition of K2 EDTA, the mean differences were -3.75% (95% CI: 0.61. -8.12) and -0.88% (95% CI: 2.86, -4.62), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The MP device can be used to analyze Hb concentrations and PCVs in bovine blood to assist in field diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana M Heller
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Dina M B Zapa
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rubens D Melo-Junior
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Alliny S A Cavalcante
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Luiz F M Couto
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lorena L Ferreira
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Danieli B Martins
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Camargo
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ítalo H N Iara
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Arnhold
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Fabíola O P Leme
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Welber D Z Lopes
- Departamento de Biociências e Tecnologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Guimarães-Peixoto RPM, Franco C, Pinto PSA, Rossi GAM, Cruz BC, Gomes LVC, Felippelli G, Teixeira WFP, Soares VE, Couto LFM, Bastos TSA, Apolinário PF, Lopes WDZ. Frequency of bovine cysticercosis in the state of Rondônia, Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2020; 20:100375. [PMID: 32448514 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2020.100375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Bovine cysticercosis remains as one of the most important cause of carcasses and viscera condemnation in Brazilian slaughterhouses. However, the efficiency of post-mortem inspection for the diagnosis of this zoonotic disease is relatively low, and few available studies were performed through serological exams. This study evaluated the frequency of bovine cysticercosis in cattle herds located in different farms of the state of Rondônia, Brazil. Among the 987 animals slaughtered from 33 farms, 21 animals (Frequency: 2.13%; 95C.I. 1.23-3.03) were considered as positive through indirect ELISA and confirmed by Immunoblot tests and the cysticercosis was detected in 12 farms (36.36% - C.I. 95% 19.95-52.78). The disease was detected in the municipalities Vale do Paraíso (12.50%), Theobroma (8.11%), Guaporé (7.27%), Rolim de Moura (5.71%), Presidente Médici (5.0%), Ouro Preto do Oeste (4.69%), Nova União (1.77%), Nova Brasilândia d'Oeste (1.14%) and Ministro Andreazza (1.01%). Therefore, prophylactic measures should be taken to improve beef production, control bovine cysticercosis and reduce costs to public health in this Brazilian state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaella P M Guimarães-Peixoto
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Escola de Ciências da Vida, Medicina Veterinária, Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155 Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Camila Franco
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Escola de Ciências da Vida, Medicina Veterinária, Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1155 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Paulo S A Pinto
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, Departamento de Veterinária, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel A M Rossi
- UNICEP - Centro Universitário Central Paulista, Medicina Veterinária, Rua Miguel Petroni n.511, São Carlos, SP 13563-470, Brazil
| | - Breno C Cruz
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas V C Gomes
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Felippelli
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Weslen F P Teixeira
- UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Via de acesso Paulo Castellane, s/n, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vando E Soares
- Universidade Brasil, Câmpus Descalvado, Av. Hilário da Silva Passo 950, 13690-970 Descalvado, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Monteiro Couto
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74605050, Brazil
| | - Thiago S A Bastos
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74605050, Brazil
| | - Paula F Apolinário
- Universidade Federal de Viçosa, UFV, Departamento de Veterinária, Laboratório de Inspeção de Produtos de Origem Animal, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Welber D Z Lopes
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74605050, Brazil.
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Lopes WDZ, Santos TR, Luvizotto MCR, Sakamoto CAM, Oliveira GP, Costa AJ. Histopathology of the reproductive system of male sheep experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Parasitol Res 2011; 109:405-9. [PMID: 21286752 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the histopathological changes in reproductive system (testicles, epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate) of small male ruminants after Toxoplasma gondii infection. Eight sheep were inoculated with T. gondii: group I, four sheep (2.0 × 10(5) P-strain oocysts); group II, four sheep (1.0 × 10(6) RH-strain tachyzoites); and group III, two uninfected sheep maintained as control. Infection with T. gondii was confirmed by seroconversion (indirect fluorescent antibody test-IgG) in all the infected animals beginning on post-inoculation day (PID) 7. On PID 70, all the animals were euthanized and tissue samples (testicles, epididymis, seminal vesicles, and prostate) were collected and processed for histological analysis. The main changes detected were a focal mononuclear interstitial inflammatory infiltrate in the prostate and seminal vesicles; diffuse testicular degeneration associated with calcification foci and a multifocal mononuclear interstitial inflammatory infiltrate; and a mononuclear interstitial infiltrate and focal necrotic areas of the muscle fibers surrounding the seminal vesicles. The histopathological findings of this work, along with the detection of T. gondii in the examined parenchyma tissues (immunohistochemistry) and the results obtained by other authors examining different tissues, suggest that histological changes diagnosed in the reproductive system of rams infected with T. gondii are strongly suggestive of toxoplasmatic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Welber D Z Lopes
- CPPAR-Animal Health Research Center, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, CEP 14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Lopes WDZ, Santos TR, Soares VE, Nunes JLN, Mendonça RP, de Lima RCA, Sakamoto CAM, Costa GHN, Thomaz-Soccol V, Oliveira GP, Costa AJ. Preferential infection sites of Cysticercus bovis in cattle experimentally infected with Taenia saginata eggs. Res Vet Sci 2010; 90:84-8. [PMID: 20493507 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The preferential sites of infection of Cysticercus bovis were evaluated in the skeletal muscle and entrails of 25 cattle that were experimentally infected with Taenia saginata (2×10(4) eggs). Two other animals were not inoculated (control). Ninety days after inoculation, all the cattle were euthanized. The carcasses were deboned and dissected into 26 anatomical sections (masseter muscles, brain, tongue, esophagus, heart, diaphragm, lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen, top sirloin butt, bottom sirloin butt, outside round, top (inside) round, transversus abdominus, top sirloin cap, strip loin, full tenderloin, eye of round, knuckle, shoulder clod, foreshank, shank, chuck, back ribs, and tail muscles). The dissected tissues were sliced into 5mm sections. From the 25 cattle, 9258 C. bovis (cysticerci) were recovered; 75.02% (6946) of these were recovered from skeletal muscles and 24.98% (2312) from the entrails. A high parasitism level was found in the shoulder clod (12.55%), heart (11.02%), liver (9.48%), masseter muscles (8.51%), chuck (8.25%), strip loin and full tenderloin (7.26%), knuckle (6.63%), and back ribs (5.53%), totaling 69.23% (5738) of all of the detected cysticerci. On the other hand, there was a low C. bovis parasitism level in the brain, spleen, tail muscles, kidneys, esophagus, and diaphragm, representing just 3.9% of the total number of cysticerci. Given these results, we conclude that specific skeletal musculature regions, such as the shoulder blade, chuck, strip loin and full tenderloin, knuckle, back ribs and top round, which are not officially examined in many countries, are effective sites to efficiently screen C. bovis infection. To date, these regions have not been considered as preferential sites of C. bovis infection. Based on our work, however, these regions deserve greater attention from health inspectors because they contained a greater number of Cysticercus than the other regions of carcasses that are parasitized by T. saginata larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Welber D Z Lopes
- CPPAR-Animal Health Research Center-Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP, Via de acesso Prof. Paulo Donatto Castellani, s/n CEP:14884-900 Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Sakamoto CAM, da Costa AJ, Gennari SM, Pena HFJ, Toniollo GH, Lopes WDZ, Bichuette MA, Betini CM, Amarante AFT, Bresciani KDS. Experimental infection of pregnant queens with two major Brazilian clonal lineages of Toxoplasma gondii. Parasitol Res 2009; 105:1311-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lopes WDZ, Costa AJ, Souza FA, Rodrigues JDF, Costa GHN, Soares VE, Silva GS. Semen variables of sheep (Ovis aries) experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Anim Reprod Sci 2008; 111:312-9. [PMID: 18448278 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2008] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The influence of Toxoplasma gondii on semen variables and sperm morphology of sheep was evaluated in eight reproductive males distributed into three experimental groups: GI, three sheep inoculated with 2.0x10(5) of P strain oocytes; GII, three sheep infected with 1.0x10(6) of RH strain tachyzoites and; GIII two control sheep. Clinical (rectal temperature, cardiac and respiratory frequencies), parasite and serology exams (IIF) were realized. Sperm variables (volume, motility, vigor and concentration) and semen morphology for each sheep were also evaluated. Thus, semen and blood collections were assessed on post-inoculation days (PIDs)-1,3,5,7,11,14 and weekly thereafter up to PID 70. Clinical alterations were observed (hypothermia and anorexia) in infected sheep from groups GI and GII. Parasitic outbreaks were detected in five sheep. All the infected sheep produced antibodies against T. gondii from PID 5 onwards, reaching a peak of 4096 and 8192 for group GI and GII sheep, respectively. Differences (P<0.05) were observed regarding the ejaculate volume between the inoculated groups (oocytes and tachyzoites) and control. Even though experimental toxoplasmic infection resulted in clinical symptomology in the inoculated sheep, the minimal alterations in sperm pathologies could not be directly attributed to T. gondii.
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Affiliation(s)
- W D Z Lopes
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Animal Health Research Center, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Lopes WDZ, da Costa FH, Lopes WCZ, Balieiro JCDC, Soares VE, do Prado AP. [Associated arthropodes in the laying hen excrement]. Neotrop Entomol 2007; 36:597-604. [PMID: 17934628 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-566x2007000400020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2006] [Accepted: 09/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A research about arthropode fauna in laying hen excrement was carried out in a poultry house in the State of São Paulo, from January 2001 to December 2002. The objective was to verify the frequency of Diptera and Coleoptera collected by Berlese funil and flutuation methods, and to show correlation between the collect methods and sazonality possible in the currents seasons. A total of 29,499 insects were collected from seventy five collects, being 16,702 Diptera (six families) and 12,797 Coleoptera (four families). Some arthropodes presented direct relation with the collect method, the seasons of the years and the rainfall precipitation, with significant increase in the number of insects collected in certain periods of the year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Welber D Z Lopes
- Fac. Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, Univ. Estadual Paulista, FCAV/JUNESP, SP
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