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McCann M, Abu‐Omar M, Agrawal R, Bozell J, Carpita N, Chapple C, Crowley M, Delgass N, Donohoe B, Himmel M, Kenttamaa H, Makowski L, Meilan R, Mosier N, Murphy A, Peer W, Ribeiro F, Tucker M. Tailoring Biomass for Biochemical, Chemical or Thermochemical Catalytic Conversion. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.485.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen McCann
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Mahdi Abu‐Omar
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Rakesh Agrawal
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Joseph Bozell
- Center for Renewable Carbon University of TennesseeUnited States
| | - Nicholas Carpita
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Clint Chapple
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Michael Crowley
- National Bioenergy Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States
| | - Nicholas Delgass
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Bryon Donohoe
- National Bioenergy Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States
| | - Michael Himmel
- National Bioenergy Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States
| | - Hilkka Kenttamaa
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Lee Makowski
- Electrical and Computer EngineeringNortheastern UniversityUnited States
| | - Richard Meilan
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Nathan Mosier
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Angus Murphy
- Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of MarylandUnited States
| | - Wendy Peer
- Plant Science and Landscape Architecture University of MarylandUnited States
| | - Fabio Ribeiro
- Biological Sciences, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering, Chemistry, Botany and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Natural ResourcesPurdue UniversityUnited States
| | - Melvin Tucker
- National Bioenergy Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryUnited States
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Ge L, Peer W, Robert S, Swarup R, Ye S, Prigge M, Cohen J, Friml J, Murphy A, Tang D, Estelle M. Arabidopsis ROOT UVB SENSITIVE2/WEAK AUXIN RESPONSE1 is required for polar auxin transport. Plant Cell 2010; 22:1749-61. [PMID: 20562234 PMCID: PMC2910957 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.110.074195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Auxin is an essential phytohormone that regulates many aspects of plant development. To identify new genes that function in auxin signaling, we performed a genetic screen for Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with an alteration in the expression of the auxin-responsive reporter DR5rev:GFP (for green fluorescent protein). One of the mutants recovered in this screen, called weak auxin response1 (wxr1), has a defect in auxin response and exhibits a variety of auxin-related growth defects in the root. Polar auxin transport is reduced in wxr1 seedlings, resulting in auxin accumulation in the hypocotyl and cotyledons and a reduction in auxin levels in the root apex. In addition, the levels of the PIN auxin transport proteins are reduced in the wxr1 root. We also show that WXR1 is ROOT UV-B SENSITIVE2 (RUS2), a member of the broadly conserved DUF647 domain protein family found in diverse eukaryotic organisms. Our data indicate that RUS2/WXR1 is required for auxin transport and to maintain the normal levels of PIN proteins in the root.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Ge
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0116
| | - W. Peer
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S. Robert
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, 9053 Ghent, Belgium
| | - R. Swarup
- School of Biosciences and Centre for Plant Integrative Biology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - S. Ye
- Department of Horticultural Science and Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| | - M. Prigge
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0116
| | - J.D. Cohen
- Department of Horticultural Science and Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108
| | - J. Friml
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, 9053 Ghent, Belgium
| | - A. Murphy
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - D. Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - M. Estelle
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0116
- Address correspondence to
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Peer W, Park H, Murphy A. Localization and function of beta-adaptin isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.04.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Murphy A, Makam S, Sanjai D, Peer W. The Arabidopsis X-prolyl protease/cis trans isomerase APP1 regulates auxin signal transduction via interactions with AUX/IAA proteins. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.04.471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Carrera E, Holman T, Medhurst A, Peer W, Schmuths H, Footitt S, Theodoulou FL, Holdsworth MJ. Gene expression profiling reveals defined functions of the ATP-binding cassette transporter COMATOSE late in phase II of germination. Plant Physiol 2007; 143:1669-79. [PMID: 17322332 PMCID: PMC1851828 DOI: 10.1104/pp.107.096057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phase II of germination represents a key developmental stage of plant growth during which imbibed seeds either enter stage III of germination, completing the germination process via radicle protrusion, or remain dormant. In this study, we analyzed the influence of the peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette transporter COMATOSE (CTS) on the postimbibition seed transcriptome of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and also investigated interactions between gibberellin (GA) and CTS function. A novel method for analysis of transcriptome datasets allowed visualization of developmental signatures of seeds, showing that cts-1 retains the capacity to after ripen, indicating a germination block late in phase II. Expression of the key GA biosynthetic genes GA3ox1 and 2 was greatly reduced in cts seeds and genetic analysis suggested that CTS was epistatic to RGL2, a germination-repressing DELLA protein that is degraded by GA. Comparative analysis of seed transcriptome datasets indicated that specific cohorts of genes were influenced by GA and CTS. CTS function was required for expression of the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway. Confocal imaging demonstrated the exclusive accumulation of flavonoids in the epidermis of wild-type seeds. In contrast, flavonoids were absent from cts and kat2-1 mutant seeds, but accumulated following the application of sucrose, indicating an essential role for beta-oxidation in inducing flavonoid biosynthetic genes. These results demonstrate that CTS functions very late in phase II of germination and that its function is required for the expression of specific gene sets related to an important biochemical pathway associated with seedling establishment and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Carrera
- Centro de Genomica, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Valencia, Spain
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Murphy A, Makam S, Peer W. Arabidopsis APP1 is a rate-limiting component of auxin signalling required for activation of DR5-like auxin response elements. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2007.01.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Freeman JL, Persans MW, Nieman K, Albrecht C, Peer W, Pickering IJ, Salt DE. Increased glutathione biosynthesis plays a role in nickel tolerance in thlaspi nickel hyperaccumulators. Plant Cell 2004; 16:2176-91. [PMID: 15269333 PMCID: PMC519206 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.104.023036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2004] [Accepted: 05/05/2004] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide more than 400 plant species are now known that hyperaccumulate various trace metals (Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Zn), metalloids (As) and nonmetals (Se) in their shoots. Of these, almost one-quarter are Brassicaceae family members, including numerous Thlaspi species that hyperaccumulate Ni up to 3% of there shoot dry weight. We observed that concentrations of glutathione, Cys, and O-acetyl-l-serine (OAS), in shoot tissue, are strongly correlated with the ability to hyperaccumulate Ni in various Thlaspi hyperaccumulators collected from serpentine soils, including Thlaspi goesingense, T. oxyceras, and T. rosulare, and nonaccumulator relatives, including T. perfoliatum, T. arvense, and Arabidopsis thaliana. Further analysis of the Austrian Ni hyperaccumulator T. goesingense revealed that the high concentrations of OAS, Cys, and GSH observed in this hyperaccumulator coincide with constitutively high activity of both serine acetyltransferase (SAT) and glutathione reductase. SAT catalyzes the acetylation of l-Ser to produce OAS, which acts as both a key positive regulator of sulfur assimilation and forms the carbon skeleton for Cys biosynthesis. These changes in Cys and GSH metabolism also coincide with the ability of T. goesingense to both hyperaccumulate Ni and resist its damaging oxidative effects. Overproduction of T. goesingense SAT in the nonaccumulator Brassicaceae family member Arabidopsis was found to cause accumulation of OAS, Cys, and glutathione, mimicking the biochemical changes observed in the Ni hyperaccumulators. In these transgenic Arabidopsis, glutathione concentrations strongly correlate with increased resistance to both the growth inhibitory and oxidative stress induced effects of Ni. Taken together, such evidence supports our conclusion that elevated GSH concentrations, driven by constitutively elevated SAT activity, are involved in conferring tolerance to Ni-induced oxidative stress in Thlaspi Ni hyperaccumulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Freeman
- Center for Plant Environmental Stress Physiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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Peer W, Silverthorne J, Peters JL. Developmental and light-regulated expression of individual members of the light-harvesting complex b gene family in Pinus palustris. Plant Physiol 1996; 111:627-34. [PMID: 8787030 PMCID: PMC157875 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.2.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Angiosperms requires light for multiple aspects of chloroplast development, including chlorophyll synthesis and induction of expression of the mRNAs encoding the major polypeptides of the light-harvesting complex of photosystem II (Lhcb genes). In contrast, many conifers, including pines, firs, and spruces, can accumulate chlorophyll and the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins of photosystem II in complete darkness. To understand the factors responsible for the regulation of expression of individual Lhcb mRNAs in the pine Pinus palustris, we have prepared sequence-specific cDNA probes for each of three family members, Lhcb1*Pp1, Lhcb2*Pp1, and Lhcb2*Pp2, and have studied the expression of two of these, Lhcb1*Pp1 and Lhcb2*Pp2, in detail. The levels of expression of each sequence were disparate, and Lhcb1*Pp1-encoded transcripts were the most abundant in the light. Both Lhcb1*Pp1 and Lhcb2*Pp2 mRNAs were expressed in stems and cotyledons, but Lhcb1*Pp1 mRNA was present at about 10-fold lower levels in stems than in cotyledons, in contrast to Lhcb2*Pp2 mRNA, which was expressed at higher levels in stems than in cotyledons. Both Lhcb1*Pp1 and Lhcb2*Pp2 mRNAs were absent in embryos but were expressed during seedling development. The levels increased with age in both the light and the dark and in both cases were about 2-fold higher in the light than in the dark. Despite the expression of Lhcb1*Pp1 and Lhcb2*Pp2 mRNAs during development in darkness, the levels of both mRNAs increased in dark-grown seedlings given red light in the low fluence range within 2 h of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Peer
- Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064, USA
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