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Czarnowska A, Tarasiuk J, Zajkowska O, Wnuk M, Marona M, Nowak K, Słowik A, Jamroz-Wiśniewska A, Rejdak K, Lech B, Popiel M, Rościszewska-Żukowska I, Perenc A, Bartosik-Psujek H, Świderek-Matysiak M, Siger M, Ciach A, Walczak A, Jurewicz A, Stasiołek M, Kania K, Dyczkowska K, Kalinowska-Łyszczarz A, Galus W, Walawska-Hrycek A, Krzystanek E, Chojdak-Łukasiewicz J, Ubysz J, Pokryszko-Dragan A, Kapica-Topczewska K, Chorąży M, Bazylewicz M, Mirończuk A, Kulikowska J, Kochanowicz J, Białek M, Stolarz M, Kubicka-Bączyk K, Niedziela N, Warmus P, Adamczyk-Sowa M, Podlecka-Piçtowska A, Nojszewska M, Zakrzewska-Pniewska B, Jasińska E, Zaborski J, Milewska-Jȩdrzejczak M, Zwiernik J, Zwiernik B, Potemkowski A, Brola W, Kułakowska A. Analysis of Side Effects Following Vaccination Against COVID-19 Among Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis Treated With DMTs in Poland. Front Neurol 2022; 13:913283. [PMID: 35775049 PMCID: PMC9237390 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.913283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Since vaccination against COVID-19 is available for over a year and the population of immunized individuals with autoimmune disorders is higher than several months before, an evaluation of safety and registered adverse events can be made. We conducted a large study of side effects following the COVID-19 vaccine among patients with multiple (MS) sclerosis treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) and analyzed factors predisposing for particular adverse events. Methods We gathered data of individuals with MS treated with DMTs from 19 Polish MS Centers, who reported at least one adverse event following COVID-19 vaccination. The information was obtained by neurologists using a questionnaire. The same questionnaire was used at all MS Centers. To assess the relevance of reported adverse events, we used Fisher's exact test, t-test, and U-Menn-Whutney test. Results A total of 1,668 patients with MS and reports of adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination were finally included in the study. Besides one case marked as “red flag”, all adverse events were classified as mild. Pain at the injection site was the most common adverse event, with a greater frequency after the first dose. Pain at the injection site was significantly more frequent after the first dose among individuals with a lower disability (EDSS ≤2). The reported adverse events following immunization did not differ over sex. According to age, pain at the injection site was more common among individuals between 30 and 40 years old, only after the first vaccination dose. None of the DMTs predisposed for particular side effects. Conclusions According to our findings, vaccination against COVID-19 among patients with MS treated with DMTs is safe. Our study can contribute to reducing hesitancy toward vaccination among patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Czarnowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
- *Correspondence: Agata Czarnowska
| | - Joanna Tarasiuk
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Olga Zajkowska
- Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Wnuk
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Marona
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Nowak
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Słowik
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Konrad Rejdak
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Beata Lech
- Neurology Clinic With Brain Stroke Sub-Unit, Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszow, Lwowska, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Popiel
- Neurology Clinic With Brain Stroke Sub-Unit, Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszow, Lwowska, Poland
| | - Iwona Rościszewska-Żukowska
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Adam Perenc
- Neurology Clinic With Brain Stroke Sub-Unit, Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszow, Lwowska, Poland
| | - Halina Bartosik-Psujek
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszów, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Siger
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ciach
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódz, Poland
| | - Agata Walczak
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódz, Poland
| | - Anna Jurewicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lodz, Łódz, Poland
| | | | - Karolina Kania
- Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Klara Dyczkowska
- Department of Neurology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Weronika Galus
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Walawska-Hrycek
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Krzystanek
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Jakub Ubysz
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Monika Chorąży
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Bazylewicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Mirończuk
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Kulikowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jan Kochanowicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Marta Białek
- Department of Neurology, Regional Specialised Hospital No. 4 in Bytom, Bytom, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Stolarz
- Department of Neurology, Regional Specialised Hospital No. 4 in Bytom, Bytom, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kubicka-Bączyk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Natalia Niedziela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Warmus
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Monika Nojszewska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Elżbieta Jasińska
- Jan Kochanowski University, Collegium Medicum, Kielce, Poland
- Clinical Center, Resmedica, Kielce, Poland
| | - Jacek Zaborski
- Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Miedzyleski Szpital Specjalistyczny, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Zwiernik
- Neurology Ward, Provincial Specialist Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Neurology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Beata Zwiernik
- Department of Neurology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
- Clinic of Neurology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Potemkowski
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychoprophylaxis, University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Waldemar Brola
- Department of Neurology, Specialist Hospital in Końskie, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Alina Kułakowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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