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Oyekan A, Dalton J, Fourman MS, Ridolfi D, Cluts L, Couch B, Shaw JD, Donaldson W, Lee JY. Multilevel tandem spondylolisthesis associated with a reduced "safe zone" for a transpsoas lateral lumbar interbody fusion at L4-5. Neurosurg Focus 2023; 54:E5. [PMID: 36587399 DOI: 10.3171/2022.10.focus22605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) on psoas anatomy and the L4-5 safe zone during lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF). METHODS In this retrospective, single-institution analysis, patients managed for low-back pain between 2016 and 2021 were identified. Inclusion criteria were adequate lumbar MR images and radiographs. Exclusion criteria were spine trauma, infection, metastases, transitional anatomy, or prior surgery. There were three age and sex propensity-matched cohorts: 1) controls without DS; 2) patients with single-level DS (SLDS); and 3) patients with multilevel, tandem DS (TDS). Axial T2-weighted MRI was used to measure the apical (ventral) and central positions of the psoas relative to the posterior tangent line at the L4-5 disc. Lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), sacral slope (SS), and PI-LL mismatch were measured on lumbar radiographs. The primary outcomes were apical and central psoas positions at L4-5, which were calculated using stepwise multivariate linear regression including demographics, spinopelvic parameters, and degree of DS. Secondary outcomes were associations between single- and multilevel DS and spinopelvic parameters, which were calculated using one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction for between-group comparisons. RESULTS A total of 230 patients (92 without DS, 92 with SLDS, and 46 with TDS) were included. The mean age was 68.0 ± 8.9 years, and 185 patients (80.4%) were female. The mean BMI was 31.0 ± 7.1, and the mean age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index (aCCI) was 4.2 ± 1.8. Age, BMI, sex, and aCCI were similar between the groups. Each increased grade of DS (no DS to SLDS to TDS) was associated with significantly increased PI (p < 0.05 for all relationships). PT, PI-LL mismatch, center psoas, and apical position were all significantly greater in the TDS group than in the no-DS and SLDS groups (p < 0.05). DS severity was independently associated with 2.4-mm (95% CI 1.1-3.8 mm) center and 2.6-mm (95% CI 1.2-3.9 mm) apical psoas anterior displacement per increased grade (increasing from no DS to SLDS to TDS). CONCLUSIONS TDS represents more severe sagittal malalignment (PI-LL mismatch), pelvic compensation (PT), and changes in the psoas major muscle compared with no DS, and SLDS and is a risk factor for lumbar plexus injury during L4-5 LLIF due to a smaller safe zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Oyekan
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh.,2Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research Group, Pittsburgh
| | - Jonathan Dalton
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh.,2Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research Group, Pittsburgh
| | - Mitchell S Fourman
- 2Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research Group, Pittsburgh.,4Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Dominic Ridolfi
- 2Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research Group, Pittsburgh.,3University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Landon Cluts
- 2Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research Group, Pittsburgh.,3University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Brandon Couch
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh.,2Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research Group, Pittsburgh
| | - Jeremy D Shaw
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh.,2Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research Group, Pittsburgh
| | - William Donaldson
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh.,2Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research Group, Pittsburgh
| | - Joon Y Lee
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh.,2Pittsburgh Orthopaedic Spine Research Group, Pittsburgh
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Affiliation(s)
- William Donaldson
- Luter School of BusinessChristopher Newport UniversityNewport NewsVAUSA
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Affiliation(s)
- William Donaldson
- Luter School of BusinessChristopher Newport UniversityNewport NewsVAUSA
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Affiliation(s)
- William Donaldson
- Christopher Newport University, Luter School of Business, Newport News VA USA
| | - Nathan Harter
- Christopher Newport University, Luter School of Business, Newport News VA USA
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Wyatt B, Burkett D, Mews M, Donaldson W, Dockendorff C, St. Maurice M. Discovery of Novel Small Molecule Inhibitors of Bacterial Pyruvate Carboxylase. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.810.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mallory Mews
- Biological SciencesMarquette UniversityMilwaukeeWI
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Hanak BW, Hsieh CY, Donaldson W, Browd SR, Lau KKS, Shain W. Reduced cell attachment to poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)-coated ventricular catheters in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017. [PMID: 28631360 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The majority of patients with hydrocephalus are dependent on ventriculoperitoneal shunts for diversion of excess cerebrospinal fluid. Unfortunately, these shunts are failure-prone and over half of all life-threatening pediatric failures are caused by obstruction of the ventricular catheter by the brain's resident immune cells, reactive microglia and astrocytes. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) hydrogels are widely used for biomedical implants. The extreme hydrophilicity of PHEMA confers resistance to protein fouling, making it a strong candidate coating for ventricular catheters. With the advent of initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD), a solvent-free coating technology that creates a polymer in thin film form on a substrate surface by introducing gaseous reactant species into a vacuum reactor, it is now possible to apply uniform polymer coatings on complex three-dimensional substrate surfaces. iCVD was utilized to coat commercially available ventricular catheters with PHEMA. The chemical structure was confirmed on catheter surfaces using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. PHEMA coating morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Testing PHEMA-coated catheters against uncoated clinical-grade catheters in an in vitro hydrocephalus catheter bioreactor containing co-cultured astrocytes and microglia revealed significant reductions in cell attachment to PHEMA-coated catheters at both 17-day and 6-week time points. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1268-1279, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Hanak
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Chia-Yun Hsieh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - William Donaldson
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Samuel R Browd
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.,Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kenneth K S Lau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - William Shain
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
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Anderst W, Rynearson B, West T, Donaldson W, Lee J. Dynamic in vivo 3D atlantoaxial spine kinematics during upright rotation. J Biomech 2017; 60:110-115. [PMID: 28662932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosing dysfunctional atlantoaxial motion is challenging given limitations of current diagnostic imaging techniques. Three-dimensional imaging during upright functional motion may be useful in identifying dynamic instability not apparent on static imaging. Abnormal atlantoaxial motion has been linked to numerous pathologies including whiplash, cervicogenic headaches, C2 fractures, and rheumatoid arthritis. However, normal C1/C2 rotational kinematics under dynamic physiologic loading have not been previously reported owing to imaging difficulties. The objective of this study was to determine dynamic three-dimensional in vivo C1/C2 kinematics during upright axial rotation. Twenty young healthy adults performed full head rotation while seated within a biplane X-ray system while radiographs were collected at 30 images per second. Six degree-of-freedom kinematics were determined for C1 and C2 via a validated volumetric model-based tracking process. The maximum global head rotation (to one side) was 73.6±8.3°, whereas maximum C1 rotation relative to C2 was 36.8±6.7°. The relationship between C1/C2 rotation and head rotation was linear through midrange motion (±20° head rotation from neutral) in a nearly 1:1 ratio. Coupled rotation between C1 and C2 included 4.5±3.1° of flexion and 6.4±8.2° of extension, and 9.8±3.8° of contralateral bending. Translational motion of C1 relative to C2 was 7.8±1.5mm ipsilaterally, 2.2±1.2mm inferiorly, and 3.3±1.0mm posteriorly. We believe this is the first study describing 3D dynamic atlantoaxial kinematics under true physiologic conditions in healthy subjects. C1/C2 rotation accounts for approximately half of total head axial rotation. Additionally, C1 undergoes coupled flexion/extension and contralateral bending, in addition to inferior, lateral and posterior translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Anderst
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, United States.
| | - Bryan Rynearson
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, United States
| | - Tyler West
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, United States
| | - William Donaldson
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, United States
| | - Joon Lee
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, United States
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Michalek P, Donaldson W, Vobrubova E, Hakl M. Complications Associated with the Use of Supraglottic Airway Devices in Perioperative Medicine. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015:746560. [PMID: 26783527 PMCID: PMC4691459 DOI: 10.1155/2015/746560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Supraglottic airway devices are routinely used for airway maintenance in elective surgical procedures where aspiration is not a significant risk and also as rescue devices in difficult airway management. Some devices now have features mitigating risk of aspiration, such as drain tubes or compartments to manage regurgitated content. Despite this, the use of these device may be associated with various complications including aspiration. This review highlights the types and incidence of these complications. They include regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents, compression of vascular structures, trauma, and nerve injury. The incidence of such complications is quite low, but as some carry with them a significant degree of morbidity the need to follow manufacturers' advice is underlined. The incidence of gastric content aspiration associated with the devices is estimated to be as low as 0.02% with perioperative regurgitation being significantly higher but underreported. Other serious, but extremely rare, complications include pharyngeal rupture, pneumomediastinum, mediastinitis, or arytenoid dislocation. Mild short-lasting adverse effects of the devices have significantly higher incidence than serious complications and involve postoperative sore throat, dysphagia, pain on swallowing, or hoarseness. Devices may have deleterious effect on cervical mucosa or vasculature depending on their cuff volume and pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Michalek
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Medicine, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, U Nemocnice 2, 120 21 Prague, Czech Republic
- University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - William Donaldson
- Department of Anaesthetics, Antrim Area Hospital, Bush Road, Antrim BT41 4RD, UK
| | - Eliska Vobrubova
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Medicine, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital, U Nemocnice 2, 120 21 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Hakl
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Medicine, St. Anne University Hospital, Pekarska 53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
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Anderst W, Donaldson W, Lee J, Kang J. Cervical Spine Disc Deformation During In Vivo Three-Dimensional Head Movements. Ann Biomed Eng 2015; 44:1598-612. [PMID: 26271522 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-015-1424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although substantial research demonstrates that intervertebral disc cells respond to mechanical signals, little research has been done to characterize the in vivo mechanical environment in the disc tissue. The objective of this study was to estimate cervical disc strain during three-dimensional head movements. Twenty-nine young healthy adults performed full range of motion flexion/extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation of the head within a biplane radiography system. Three-dimensional vertebral kinematics were determined using a validated model-based tracking technique. A computational model used these kinematics to estimate subject-specific intervertebral disc deformation (C3-4 to C6-7). Peak compression, distraction and shear strains were calculated for each movement, disc level, and disc region. Peak compression strain and peak shear strain were highest during flexion/extension (mean ± 95% confidence interval) (32 ± 3 and 86 ± 8%, respectively), while peak distraction strain was highest during lateral bending (57 ± 5%). Peak compression strain occurred at C4-5 (33 ± 4%), while peak distraction and shear strain occurred at C3-4 (54 ± 8 and 83 ± 11%, respectively). Peak compression, distraction, and shear strains all occurred in the posterior-lateral annulus (48 ± 4, 80 ± 8, and 109 ± 12%, respectively). These peak strain values may serve as boundary conditions for in vitro loading paradigms that aim to assess the biologic response to physiologic disc deformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Anderst
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Biodynamics Lab, University of Pittsburgh, 3820 South Water Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA.
| | - William Donaldson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Biodynamics Lab, University of Pittsburgh, 3820 South Water Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
| | - Joon Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Biodynamics Lab, University of Pittsburgh, 3820 South Water Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
| | - James Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Biodynamics Lab, University of Pittsburgh, 3820 South Water Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA
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Woods BI, Rosario BL, Chen A, Waters JH, Donaldson W, Kang J, Lee J. The association between perioperative allogeneic transfusion volume and postoperative infection in patients following lumbar spine surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2013; 95:2105-10. [PMID: 24306697 PMCID: PMC4098016 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.l.00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perioperative allogeneic red blood cell transfusion is a risk factor for surgical site infection. The purpose of this study was to determine if the volume of perioperative allogeneic red blood cell transfusion influences the risk of surgical site infection following lumbar spine procedures. METHODS A retrospective matched case control study was performed by reviewing all patients who had undergone lumbar spine surgery at our institution from 2005 to 2009. Surgical site infections (spinal or iliac crest) were identified, all within thirty days of the procedure. Controls were matched to the infection cohort according to age, sex, body mass index, diabetic status, smoking status, Charlson Comorbidity Index, length of surgery, and procedure. A conditional logistic regression was performed to examine the association between transfusion volume and surgical site infection. The results were summarized by an odds ratio. RESULTS A total of 1799 lumbar procedures were identified with an infection rate of 3.1% (fifty-six cases). On the basis of the numbers, there was no significant difference in the matched variables between the infection cohort and the matched controls. The volume of transfusion was significantly associated with surgical site infection (odds ratio, 4.00 [95% confidence interval, 1.96 to 8.15]) after adjusting for both unmatched variables of preoperative hemoglobin level and volume of intraoperative blood loss. CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective matched case control study, the association between surgical site infection following lumbar spine surgery and volume of perioperative allogeneic red blood cell transfusion was supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrett I. Woods
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (B.I.W., A.C., W.D., J.K., and J.L.), Epidemiology (B.L.R.), and Anesthesiology (J.H.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 1011, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Bedda L. Rosario
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (B.I.W., A.C., W.D., J.K., and J.L.), Epidemiology (B.L.R.), and Anesthesiology (J.H.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 1011, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Antonia Chen
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (B.I.W., A.C., W.D., J.K., and J.L.), Epidemiology (B.L.R.), and Anesthesiology (J.H.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 1011, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Jonathan H. Waters
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (B.I.W., A.C., W.D., J.K., and J.L.), Epidemiology (B.L.R.), and Anesthesiology (J.H.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 1011, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - William Donaldson
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (B.I.W., A.C., W.D., J.K., and J.L.), Epidemiology (B.L.R.), and Anesthesiology (J.H.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 1011, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - James Kang
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (B.I.W., A.C., W.D., J.K., and J.L.), Epidemiology (B.L.R.), and Anesthesiology (J.H.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 1011, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Joon Lee
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery (B.I.W., A.C., W.D., J.K., and J.L.), Epidemiology (B.L.R.), and Anesthesiology (J.H.W.), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Kaufmann Medical Building, Suite 1011, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
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Anderst W, Donaldson W, Lee J, Kang J. Cervical disc deformation during flexion-extension in asymptomatic controls and single-level arthrodesis patients. J Orthop Res 2013; 31:1881-9. [PMID: 23861160 PMCID: PMC4843113 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize cervical disc deformation in asymptomatic subjects and single-level arthrodesis patients during in vivo functional motion. A validated model-based tracking technique determined vertebral motion from biplane radiographs collected during dynamic flexion-extension. Level-dependent differences in disc compression-distraction and shear deformation were identified within the anterior and posterior annulus (PA) and the nucleus of 20 asymptomatic subjects and 15 arthrodesis patients using a mixed-model statistical analysis. In asymptomatic subjects, disc compression and shear deformation per degree of flexion-extension progressively decreased from C23 to C67. The anterior and PA experienced compression-distraction deformation of up to 20%, while the nucleus region was compressed between 0% (C67) and 12% (C23). Peak shear deformation ranged from 16% (at C67) to 33% (at C45). In the C5-C6 arthrodesis group, C45 discs were significantly less compressed than in the control group in all disc regions (all p ≤ 0.026). In the C6-C7 arthrodesis group, C56 discs were significantly less compressed than the control group in the nucleus (p = 0.023) and PA (p = 0.014), but not the anterior annulus (AA; p = 0.137). These results indicate in vivo disc deformation is level-dependent, and single-level anterior arthrodesis alters the compression-distraction deformation in the disc immediately superior to the arthrodesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Anderst
- Orthopaedic Surgery; University of Pittsburgh, Biodynamics Lab; 3820 South Water Street Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - William Donaldson
- Orthopaedic Surgery; University of Pittsburgh, Biodynamics Lab; 3820 South Water Street Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - Joon Lee
- Orthopaedic Surgery; University of Pittsburgh, Biodynamics Lab; 3820 South Water Street Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
| | - James Kang
- Orthopaedic Surgery; University of Pittsburgh, Biodynamics Lab; 3820 South Water Street Pittsburgh Pennsylvania
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Michalek P, Donaldson W, McAleavey F, Johnston P, Kiska R. Ultrasound imaging of the infraorbital foramen and simulation of the ultrasound-guided infraorbital nerve block using a skull model. Surg Radiol Anat 2012; 35:319-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00276-012-1039-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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O'Brien W, Crimmins D, Donaldson W, Risti R, Clarke TA, Whyte S, Sturm J. FASTER (Face, Arm, Speech, Time, Emergency Response): experience of Central Coast Stroke Services implementation of a pre-hospital notification system for expedient management of acute stroke. J Clin Neurosci 2011; 19:241-5. [PMID: 22118794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 06/13/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite benefit in acute ischaemic stroke, less than 3% of patients receive tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in Australia. The FASTER (Face, Arm, Speech, Time, Emergency Response) protocol was constructed to reduce pre-hospital and Emergency Department (ED) delays and improve access to thrombolysis. This study aimed to determine if introduction of the FASTER protocol increases use of tPA using a prospective pre- and post-intervention cohort design in a metropolitan hospital. A pre-hospital assessment tool was used by ambulance services to screen potential tPA candidates. The acute stroke team was contacted, hospital bypass allowed, triage and CT radiology alerted, and the patient rapidly assessed on arrival to ED. Data were collected prospectively during the first 6 months of the new pathway and compared to a 6-month period 12 months prior to protocol initiation. In the 6 months following protocol introduction, 115 patients presented within 24 hours of onset of an ischaemic stroke: 22 (19%) received thrombolysis, significantly greater than five (7%) of 67 patients over the control period, p=0.03. Overall, 42 patients were referred via the FASTER pathway, with 21 of these receiving tPA (50%). One inpatient stroke was also treated. Only two referrals (<5%) were stroke mimics. Introduction of the FASTER pathway also significantly reduced time to thrombolysis and time to admission to the stroke unit. Therefore, fast-track referral of potential tPA patients involving the ambulance services and streamlined hospital assessment is effective and efficient in improving patient access to thrombolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W O'Brien
- Department of Neurosciences, Gosford Hospital, Gosford, New South Wales 2250, Australia.
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Donaldson W, Abraham A, Deighan M, Michalek P. I-GEL(TM) VS. AURAONCE(TM) LARYNGEAL MASK FOR GENERAL ANAESTHESIA WITH CONTROLLED VENTILATION IN PARALYZED PATIENTS. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub 2011; 155:155-63. [DOI: 10.5507/bp.2011.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Michalek P, Donaldson W. Reply to Letter: Comparison of the I-gel supraglottic airway as a conduit for tracheal intubation with the intubating laryngeal mask airway. Resuscitation 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2010.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Donaldson W, Michalek P. The use of an i-gel supraglottic airway for the airway management of a patient with subglottic stenosis: a case report. Minerva Anestesiol 2010; 76:369-372. [PMID: 20395888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The airway management of patients with subglottic stenosis poses many challenges for the anesthesiologist. Although many anesthesiologists would prefer the use of a narrow endotracheal tube in this patient population, the use of laryngeal mask airways has also been described. We report the case of a patient who was managed using an i-gel supraglottic airway due to a difficulty with inserting an endotracheal tube during a previous procedure. A 47-year old woman with an ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) score of I was scheduled to undergo a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. An i-gel supraglottic airway was inserted without difficulty, provided a good seal, and allowed for controlled ventilation with acceptable peak pressures throughout the operation, including during pneumoperitoneum. Furthermore, the vocal cords were successfully visualized using a fiberscope, allowing the possibility of eventual fiberoptic intubation, if it had been necessary. The presence of subglottic stenosis was also confirmed using the fiberscope. Thus, the i-gel airway device has multiple features that makes it suitable for use in situations where a narrow endotracheal tube is inadvisable or too difficult to use.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Donaldson
- Department of Anesthetics, Antrim Area Hospital, Antrim, UK
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Donaldson W, Michalek P, Whiteside M. 512. Single-Shot Thoracic Paravertebral Block for Breast Surgery - An Audit of Postoperative Pain Relief. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-00115550-200809001-00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Michalek P, Hodgkinson P, Donaldson W. Fiberoptic intubation through an I-gel supraglottic airway in two patients with predicted difficult airway and intellectual disability. Anesth Analg 2008; 106:1501-4, table of contents. [PMID: 18420867 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0b013e31816f22f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We describe successful fiberoptic-guided tracheal intubation through the novel supraglottic "I-gel" airway in two uncooperative adult patients with genetic syndromes, learning disability, and predicted difficult airway, scheduled for complex dental treatment under general anesthesia. The I-gel maintained the airway immediately after induction, allowing oxygenation and ventilation. Location of the laryngeal inlet was successful on the first attempt with a fiberscope, and the tracheal tube was inserted into the trachea over the endoscope without complication in both patients. This report suggests another option for management of predicted difficult airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Michalek
- Department of Anaesthetics, Antrim Area Hospital, 45 Bush Rd, BT412RL, Antrim, United Kingdom/Northern Ireland.
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Donaldson W, Wallock N, Bennett D, Siddiquee T, Haworth D. Synthesis of Cyclopropanes via Organoiron Methodology: Preparation and Rearrangement of Divinylcyclopropanes - Studies Directed toward the Synthesis of Hydroazulenes. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-950312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- W Donaldson
- Research Laboratories, Parke, Davis and Company, Detroit, Michigan
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Coe JD, Arlet V, Donaldson W, Berven S, Hanson DS, Mudiyam R, Perra JH, Shaffrey CI. Complications in spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis in the new millennium. A report of the Scoliosis Research Society Morbidity and Mortality Committee. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2006; 31:345-9. [PMID: 16449909 DOI: 10.1097/01.brs.0000197188.76369.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN The Morbidity and Mortality database of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) was queried as to the incidence and type of complications as reported by its members for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) with spinal fusion and instrumentation procedures regarding surgical approach (anterior, posterior, or combined anterior-posterior) during a recent 3-year period. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence of surgeon-reported complications in a large series of spinal fusions with instrumentation for a single spinal deformity diagnosis and age group regarding surgical approach. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA The SRS has been collecting morbidity and mortality data from its members since its formation in 1965 with the intent of using these data to assess the complications and adverse outcomes (death and/or spinal cord injury) of surgical treatment for spinal deformity. Surgical approaches to the management of treatment of AIS have a measurable impact on efficacy of correction, levels fused, and operative morbidity. However, there is a lack of consensus on the choice of surgical approach for the treatment of spinal deformity. METHODS Of the 58,197 surgical cases submitted by members of the SRS in the years 2001, 2002, and 2003, 10.9% were identified as having had anterior, posterior, or combined spinal fusion with instrumentation for the diagnosis of AIS, and comprised the study cohort. All reported complications were tabulated and totaled for each of the 3 types of procedures, and statistical analysis was conducted. RESULTS Complications were reported in 5.7% of the 6334 patients in this series. Of the 1164 patients who underwent anterior fusion and instrumentation, 5.2% had complications, of the 4369 who underwent posterior instrumentation and fusion, 5.1% had complications, and of the 801 who underwent combined instrumentation and fusion, 10.2% had complications. There were 2 patients (0.03%) who died of their complications. There was no statistical difference in overall complication rates between anterior and posterior procedures. However, the difference in complication rates between anterior or posterior procedures compared to combined procedures was highly significant (P < 0.0001). The differences in neurologic complication rates between combined and anterior procedures, as well as combined and posterior procedures were also highly statistically significant (P < 0.0001), but not between anterior and posterior procedures. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that complication rates are similar for anterior versus posterior approaches to AIS deformity correction. Combined anterior and posterior instrumentation and fusion has double the complication rate of either anterior or posterior instrumentation and fusion alone. Combined anterior and posterior instrumentation and fusion also has a significantly higher rate of neurologic complications than anterior or posterior instrumentation and fusion alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Coe
- Center for Spinal Deformity and Injury, Suite 1F, 360 Dardanelli Lane, Los Gatos, CA 95032, USA.
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Ahmed F, Cao Y, Donaldson W. Development of Organoiron Methodology for the C8-C16 Dienylamine Segment of the Streptogramin Antibiotics. LETT ORG CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178053765366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
Participants in recognition memory studies are now often asked to partition recognized items into ones that are accompanied by some recollective experience (those they remember) and ones that are not so accompanied (but which they know were previously encountered). Rather than detecting separate memory systems, such attempts to distinguish between remembering and knowing are better understood as a division of positive recognition responses into those that lie above a second decision criterion (remember) and those that do not (know). As such, the amount of memory associated with knowing is strongly dependent on the placement of the decision criteria. A meta-analysis of published data and a simple experiment tested predictions from the decision process analysis of remember/know responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Donaldson
- Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, Frederiction, Canada.
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Abstract
Recent years have seen an expanded interest in recognition memory tasks. This resurgence of interest has also renewed concerns with measurement problems. Comparing 4 models of recognition memory, Snodgrass and Corwin (1988) found that measures of bias from the distribution-free (nonparametric) model were inadequate. However, their analysis was based on bias measures that can be shown a priori to be nonindependent of discrimination. This article traces the history of the nonparametric model and develops a better measure of bias. The consequence of developing this better measure is that the nonparametric model deserves serious consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Donaldson
- Psychology Department, University of New Bruswick, Fredericton, Canada
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Abstract
Recent years have seen an expanded interest in recognition memory tasks. This resurgence of interest has also renewed concerns with measurement problems. Comparing 4 models of recognition memory, Snodgrass and Corwin (1988) found that measures of bias from the distribution-free (nonparametric) model were inadequate. However, their analysis was based on bias measures that can be shown a priori to be nonindependent of discrimination. This article traces the history of the nonparametric model and develops a better measure of bias. The consequence of developing this better measure is that the nonparametric model deserves serious consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Donaldson
- Psychology Department, University of New Bruswick, Fredericton, Canada
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Donaldson W. Editorial: Malpractice crisis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1975; 57:1012. [PMID: 1184634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Buckley NM, Bass BG, Donaldson W, Macy J. Effects of pyrimidine compounds on atrial and ventricular excitability. Arch Int Physiol Biochim 1971; 79:61-73. [PMID: 4102796 DOI: 10.3109/13813457109085291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Abstract
Principal responsibility for preventing stream pollution by industrial wastes should be placed on the plants themselves. But municipalities should not depend upon out-of-date purification plants, but should utilize new methods. State health officers should have regulatory powers under standardized laws conforming to Federal practices.
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Donaldson W. Case in Which an Ear of Grass Impacted in a Bronchial Tube Gave Rise to the Symptoms of Intense Bronchial Inflammation. Edinb Med Surg J 1834; 42:102-110. [PMID: 30330299 PMCID: PMC5776528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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