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Barker WT, Jania LA, Melander RJ, Koller BH, Melander C. Eukaryotic phosphatase inhibitors enhance colistin efficacy in gram-negative bacteria. Chem Biol Drug Des 2020; 96:1180-1186. [PMID: 32562384 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mounting threat of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacteria places a tremendous strain on the antimicrobial clinical arsenal, forcing physicians to revert to near-obsolete antibiotics to treat otherwise intractable infections. Antibiotic adjuvant therapy has emerged as a viable alternative to the development of novel antimicrobial agents. This method uses combinations of an existing antibiotic and a non-antimicrobial small molecule, where the combination either breaks drug resistance or further potentiates antibiotic activity. Through a high-content screen of eukaryotic kinase inhibitors, our group previously identified two highly potent adjuvants that synergize with colistin, a cyclic, polycationic antimicrobial peptide that serves as a drug of last resort for the treatment of MDR Gram-negative bacterial infections. Cell signaling proteins implicated in colistin resistance mechanisms display both kinase and phosphatase activities. Herein, we explore the potential for eukaryotic phosphatase inhibitors to be repurposed as colistin adjuvants. From a panel of 48 unique structures, we discovered that the natural product kuwanon G breaks colistin resistance, while the non-antimicrobial macrolide ascomycin potentiates colistin in polymyxin-susceptible bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Barker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Leigh A Jania
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Roberta J Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Beverly H Koller
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
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Nemeth AM, Basak AK, Weig AW, Marrujo SA, Barker WT, Jania LA, Hendricks TA, Sullivan AE, O’Connor PM, Melander RJ, Koller BH, Melander C. Structure-Function Studies on IMD-0354 Identifies Highly Active Colistin Adjuvants. ChemMedChem 2020; 15:210-218. [PMID: 31756025 PMCID: PMC6982545 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, particularly Gram-negative bacteria, are an escalating global health threat. Often clinicians are forced to administer the last-resort antibiotic colistin; however, colistin resistance is becoming increasingly prevalent, giving rise to the potential for a situation in which there are no treatment options for MDR Gram-negative infections. The development of adjuvants that circumvent bacterial resistance mechanisms is a promising orthogonal approach to the development of new antibiotics. We recently disclosed that the known IKK-β inhibitor IMD-0354 potently suppresses colistin resistance in several Gram-negative strains. In this study, we explore the structure-activity relationship (SAR) between the IMD-0354 scaffold and colistin resistance suppression, and identify several compounds with more potent activity than the parent against highly colistin-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansley M. Nemeth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Akash K. Basak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Alexander W. Weig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Santiana A. Marrujo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - William T. Barker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Leigh A. Jania
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Tyler A. Hendricks
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Ashley E. Sullivan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Patrick M. O’Connor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Roberta J. Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
| | - Beverly H. Koller
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556
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Barker WT, Nemeth AM, Brackett SM, Basak AK, Chandler CE, Jania LA, Zuercher WJ, Melander RJ, Koller BH, Ernst RK, Melander C. Repurposing Eukaryotic Kinase Inhibitors as Colistin Adjuvants in Gram-Negative Bacteria. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1764-1771. [PMID: 31434474 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Kinase inhibitors comprise a diverse cohort of chemical scaffolds that are active in multiple biological systems. Currently, thousands of eukaryotic kinase inhibitors are commercially available, have well-characterized targets, and often carry pharmaceutically favorable toxicity profiles. Recently, our group disclosed that derivatives of the natural product meridianin D, a known inhibitor of eukaryotic kinases, modulated behaviors of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Herein, we expand our exploration of kinase inhibitors in Gram-negative bacilli utilizing three commercially available kinase inhibitor libraries and, ultimately, identify two chemical structures that potentiate colistin (polymyxin E) in multiple strains. We report IMD-0354, an inhibitor of IKK-β, as a markedly effective adjuvant in colistin-resistant bacteria and also describe AR-12 (OSU-03012), an inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK-1), as a potentiator in colistin-sensitive strains. This report comprises the first description of the novel cross-reactivity of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T. Barker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 240 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Ansley M. Nemeth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 240 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Sara M. Brackett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 240 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Akash K. Basak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 240 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Courtney E. Chandler
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland-Baltimore, 650 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Leigh A. Jania
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - William J. Zuercher
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Roberta J. Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 240 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Beverly H. Koller
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 120 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Robert K. Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland-Baltimore, 650 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 240 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Minrovic BM, Hubble VB, Barker WT, Jania LA, Melander RJ, Koller BH, Melander C. Second-Generation Tryptamine Derivatives Potently Sensitize Colistin Resistant Bacteria to Colistin. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:828-833. [PMID: 31098007 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has significantly increased since the beginning of the 21st century. Currently, the polymyxin colistin is typically viewed as the antibiotic of last resort for the treatment of multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, increased colistin usage has resulted in colistin-resistant bacterial isolates becoming more common. The recent dissemination of plasmid-borne colistin resistance genes (mcr 1-8) into the human pathogen pool is further threatening to render colistin therapy ineffective. New methods to combat antibiotic resistant pathogens are needed. Herein, the utilization of a colistin-adjuvant combination that is effective against colistin-resistant bacteria is described. At 5 μM, the lead adjuvant, which is nontoxic to the bacteria alone, increases colistin efficacy 32-fold against bacteria containing the mcr-1 gene and effects a 1024-fold increase in colistin efficacy against bacteria harboring chromosomally encoded colistin resistance determinants; these combinations lower the colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to or below clinical breakpoint levels (≤2 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley M. Minrovic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Veronica B. Hubble
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - William T. Barker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Leigh A. Jania
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Roberta J. Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Beverly H. Koller
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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Barker WT, Chandler CE, Melander RJ, Ernst RK, Melander C. Tryptamine derivatives disarm colistin resistance in polymyxin-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1776-1788. [PMID: 30898435 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The last three decades have seen a dwindling number of novel antibiotic classes approved for clinical use and a concurrent increase in levels of antibiotic resistance, necessitating alternative methods to combat the rise of multi-drug resistant bacteria. A promising strategy employs antibiotic adjuvants, non-toxic molecules that disarm antibiotic resistance. When co-dosed with antibiotics, these compounds restore antibiotic efficacy in drug-resistant strains. Herein we identify derivatives of tryptamine, a ubiquitous biochemical scaffold containing an indole ring system, capable of disarming colistin resistance in the Gram-negative bacterial pathogens Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli while having no inherent bacterial toxicity. Resistance was overcome in strains carrying endogenous chromosomally-encoded colistin resistance machinery, as well as resistance conferred by the mobile colistin resistance-1 (mcr-1) plasmid-borne gene. These compounds restore a colistin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) below the Clinical & Laboratory Sciences Institute (CLSI) breakpoint in all resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Barker
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Courtney E Chandler
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Roberta J Melander
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
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Huggins WM, Barker WT, Baker JT, Hahn NA, Melander RJ, Melander C. Meridianin D Analogues Display Antibiofilm Activity against MRSA and Increase Colistin Efficacy in Gram-Negative Bacteria. ACS Med Chem Lett 2018; 9:702-707. [PMID: 30034604 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last 30 years, development of new classes of antibiotics has slowed, increasing the necessity for new options to treat multidrug resistant bacterial infections. Development of antibiotic adjuvants that increase the effectiveness of currently available antibiotics is a promising alternative approach to classical antibiotic development. Reports of the ability of the natural product meridianin D to modulate bacterial behavior have been rare. Herein, we describe the ability of meridianin D to inhibit biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and to increase the potency of colistin against colistin-resistant and sensitive Gram-negative bacteria. Analogues were identified that are capable of inhibiting and dispersing MRSA biofilms and lowering the colistin MIC to below the CLSI breakpoint against Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M. Huggins
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - William T. Barker
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - James T. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Nicholas A. Hahn
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Roberta J. Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
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Barker WT, Martin SE, Chandler CE, Nguyen TV, Harris TL, Goodell C, Melander RJ, Doi Y, Ernst RK, Melander C. Small molecule adjuvants that suppress both chromosomal and mcr-1 encoded colistin-resistance and amplify colistin efficacy in polymyxin-susceptible bacteria. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5749-5753. [PMID: 28958847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.08.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to polymyxin antibiotics has taken on a new and more menacing form. Common are genomically-encoded resistance mechanisms to polymyxins, specifically colistin (polymyxin E), however, the plasmid-borne mobile colistin resistance-1 (mcr-1) gene has recently been identified and poses a new threat to global public health. Within six months of initial identification in Chinese swine in November 2015, the first human clinical isolation in the US was reported (Apr. 2016). Herein we report successful reversion of mcr-1-driven colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli with adjuvants we previously reported as modulators of chromosomally-encoded colistin resistance. Further screening of our in-house library of nitrogen-dense heterocycles has identified additional chemical scaffolds that actively attenuate colistin resistance. Ultimately, we present a diverse cohort of adjuvants that both sensitize colistin-resistant and colistin-susceptible bacteria to this antibiotic, thus providing a potential avenue to both reduce colistin dosage and toxicity, and overcome colistin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Barker
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8024, USA
| | - Sara E Martin
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8024, USA
| | - Courtney E Chandler
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - T Vu Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8024, USA
| | - Tyler L Harris
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8024, USA
| | - Christopher Goodell
- Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roberta J Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8024, USA
| | - Yohei Doi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA, USA
| | - Robert K Ernst
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland-Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Christian Melander
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8024, USA.
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