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Tang XH, Lin XX, Li X, Zhou ZG. [Interpretation of the management of type 1 diabetes in adults: a consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in 2021]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:1139-1147. [PMID: 35462497 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn/112137-20211011-02244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) convened a writing group to develop a consensus report on the management of type 1 diabetes in adults in September 2021. The writing group has proposed principles of the diagnosis and management of adult patients with type 1 diabetes, and has made suggestions for glycemic control with individualized glycemic targets to avoid hypoglycemia. They have also emphasized the importance of education and support for the self-management of diabetes in the management of type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Tang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education; National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha 410011, China
| | - X X Lin
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education; National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha 410011, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education; National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Z G Zhou
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education; National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha 410011, China
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2
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Chen QY, Chang L, Qiu YJ, Ying HR, Chang SJ, Zhang Y, Chen ZA, Ma G, Lin XX. Comparison of the efficacy between topical timolol and pulsed dye laser in the treatment of ulcerated infantile haemangiomas: a randomized controlled study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 35:e303-e305. [PMID: 33289216 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - L Chang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y J Qiu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - H R Ying
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - S J Chang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z A Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - G Ma
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - X X Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Xu Q, Lin XX, Liu P, Zhang W, Tang K, Zhai YS, Liu LJ, Mei WY. MiR-195 inhibits myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive rats by regulating TGFβ1-Smad3 signaling pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:7919. [PMID: 32767312 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202008_22453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The article "MiR-195 inhibits myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive rats by regulating TGFβ1-Smad3 signaling pathway, by Q. Xu, X.-X. Lin, P. Liu, W. Zhang, K. Tang, Y.-S. Zhai, L.-J. Liu, W.-Y. Mei, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (18): 8087-8094-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201909_19026-PMID: 31599435" has been withdrawn from the authors. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/19026.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Xu
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Xu Q, Lin XX, Liu P, Zhang W, Tang K, Zhai YS, Liu LJ, Mei WY. MiR-195 inhibits myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive rats by regulating TGFβ1-Smad3 signaling pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23:8087-8094. [PMID: 31599435 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201909_19026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of micro-ribonucleic acid-195 (miR-195) on myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive rats through the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1)-Smad3 signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were selected in this study to establish the animal model. The content of miR-195 in the model group and control group was measured, respectively. Arterial blood pressure, liver function and myocardial function in the two groups were detected and examined. Pathological changes in rat myocardial tissues were detected via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. After that, myocardial fibroblasts were collected and added with miRNA inhibitors and mimics to suppress and overexpress miR-195. Thereafter, Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were employed to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of checkpoint kinase 1 (Chek1) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (important molecules for proliferation and differentiation of myocardial fibroblasts), as well as the related pathway TGFβ1-Smad3. Furthermore, the effects of miR-195 on myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive rats via the TGFβ1-Smad3 signaling pathway were comprehensively observed. RESULTS Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamic pyruvic aminotransferase (ALT) and creatine kinase (CK) levels in the SHR group were significantly higher than those of the normal group. Cardiac function examination showed that SHR group had significantly reduced fractional shortening (FS, %) and ejection fraction (EF, %) in comparison with the normal group. However, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDd) and left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESd) were markedly elevated in the SHR group. In addition, the miR-195 expression level was remarkably reduced in hypertensive rats. Histopathological changes in rat myocardial tissues were detected through HE staining. The results showed that the normal group had orderly arranged myocardial cells. However, SHR group showed disorderly arranged myocardial cells, thickened myocardial fibers and myocardial fibrosis. RT-PCR assay results revealed that the mRNA levels of Collagen, Chek1, α-SMA, TGFβ1 and Smad3 in rat myocardial fibroblasts were significantly reduced in Mimics group (p<0.05) and increased in Inhibitors group (p<0.05). Western blotting results demonstrated that, compared with the control group, the protein levels of α-SMA, TGFβ1 and Smad3 in rat myocardial cells decreased significantly in Mimics group (p<0.05). Opposite results were observed in Inhibitors group (p<0.05). The above results suggested that overexpression of miR-195 inhibited the expressions of TGFβ1-Smad3 signaling pathway and related molecules, further repressing myocardial fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS MiR-195 participates in the development and progression of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive rats through the TGFβ1-Smad3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, this can inhibit the development of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive rats and prevent myocardial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Xu
- Department of Cardiology, East Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Wu Y, Yu RJ, Lin XX, Guo WY. [Sturge-Weber syndrome in port-wine stain patients: a retrospective study on the clinical features and screening strategy]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2017; 53:753-757. [PMID: 29050188 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) in the patients with Port-wine stain (PWS). Methods: A total of 279 PWS patients, 164 males, 115 females with a median age of first visit 17.00 (4.75, 56.00) months. Most of the PWS patients were referred to the Ophthalmology Department for screening eye problems when the cutaneous angiomas involved the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve distribution. The intraocular pressure (IOP), cup to disk ratio (C/D), corneal condition and other essential measurements were examined to screen glaucoma or choroidal hemangioma. The differences of age, gender and vascular ectasia in the ipsilateral eyes were compared among PWS and SWS patients with chi-square test. The differences about the first visit time, IOP, C/D and corneal diameters were evaluated with independent-sample T test or nonparametric test followed by Mann-Whitney U test. Results: A total number of 66 out of 279 PWS patients (23.7%) were confirmed as SWS with glaucoma. The IOP of the ipsilateral eye with vascular ectasia in PWS and SWS was 13.00 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) (IQR: 9.75, 17.00) and 23.00 mmHg (20.00, 32.00), respectively (Z=-8.212, P<0.001); the IOP differences between the ipsilateral and contralateral eye in PWS and SWS was 1mmHg (0, 2) and 7 mmHg (3, 11) respectively; the C/D in the ipsilateral eye and the contralateral eye was 0.30 (0.30, 0.35) and 0.7 (0.6, 0.8) respectively in SWS cases with secondary glaucoma. Conclusions: There is a high proportion of SWS with glaucoma in ophthalmic division affected PWS patients. Fundus examinations were necessary for this type of patients. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2017, 53:753-757).
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
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Wang HY, Jia HY, Lin XX, Lian B, Zhang T. [The surrounding radiation dose of iodine-125 seeds on normal larynx tissue in rabbits]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2016; 30:1957-1959. [PMID: 29798274 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.24.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To monitor the change of the radiation dose of the rabbits which were implanted rasioactive 125I seed into the normal laryngeal tiseue at different time,and to evaluate the safety of radiation protection. Method:Sixty New Zwaland rabbits, weighing 2.15-2.30 kg,were randomly divided into 5 groups:7 d,1month,2 month,4 month group and the control group, 12 rabbits in each group Iodine-125 of 0.8 mCi were implanted into the right side of the first trachea ring. At the different time and different distance, the surrounding radiation dose was measured after 4 months of implanting. The results were analyzed in statistics. Result:With the increase of the distance and the prolong of the time, the radiation dose was decreasing,and with the increase of distance,the radiation dose decreased slowly. At the site of 1 meter from the seeds, the detected dose is close to the natural background radiation dose. Conclusion:The clinical application of radioactive 125I seed interstitial implant is easy to protected,the surrounding close contacts is satety.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Ji'nan University,Guangzhou
| | - H Y Jia
- Department of Otolaryngology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Ji'nan University,Guangzhou
| | - X X Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Ji'nan University,Guangzhou
| | - B Lian
- Department of Otolaryngology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Ji'nan University,Guangzhou
| | - T Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Ji'nan University,Guangzhou
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Chen D, Lin XX, Zhao Q, Xiao J, Peng SF, Xiao MF, Ouyang DS, Tan ZR, Wang YC, Peng JB, Zhang W, Chen Y. Screening of drug metabolizing enzymes for fusidic acid and its interactions with isoform-selective substrates in vitro. Xenobiotica 2016; 47:778-784. [PMID: 27571049 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1230795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
1. Fusidic acid (FA) is widely used for the treatment of infections of sensitive osteomyelitis or skin and soft tissue caused by bacteria. However, the role of cytochrome P450s (CYPs) in the metabolism of FA is unclear. In the present study, we screened the main CYPs for the metabolism of FA and studied its interactions with isoform-selective substrates in vitro. 2. The main CYP450s were screened according to the inhibitory effect of specific inhibitors on the metabolism of FA in human liver microsomes (HLMs) or recombinant CYP isoforms. Enzyme kinetic parameters including Ki, Ki', Vmax, and IC50 were calculated to determine the potential of FA to affect CYP-mediated metabolism of isoform-selective substrates. 3. FA metabolism rate was inhibited by 49.8% and 83.1% under CYP2D6, CYP3A4 selective inhibitors in HLMs. In recombinant experiment, the inhibitory effects on FA metabolism were 83.3% for CYP2D6 and 58.9% for CYP3A4, respectively. FA showed inhibition on CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 with Kis of 13.9 and 38.6 μM, respectively. Other CYP isoforms including CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2C9, CYP2E1, and CYP2C19 showed minimal or no effect on the metabolism of FA. 4. FA was primarily metabolized by CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 and showed a noncompetitive inhibition on CYP2D6 and a mixed competitive inhibition on CYP3A4. Drug-drug interactions between FA and other chemicals, especially with substrates of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, are phenomena that clinicians need to be aware of and cautious about.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chen
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - X-X Lin
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Q Zhao
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - J Xiao
- c Department of Pharmacy , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - S-F Peng
- d Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China , and.,e Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - M-F Xiao
- d Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China , and.,e Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - D-S Ouyang
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Z-R Tan
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Y-C Wang
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - J-B Peng
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - W Zhang
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
| | - Y Chen
- a Department of Clinical Pharmacology , Xiangya Hospital, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China
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Lin XX, Zeng Y, Zhong SH, Huang ZG, Qian HQ, Ling J, Zhu JB, Shen WZ. Realization of improved efficiency on nanostructured multicrystalline silicon solar cells for mass production. Nanotechnology 2015; 26:125401. [PMID: 25736199 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/26/12/125401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the realization of both excellent optical and electrical properties of nanostructured multicrystalline silicon solar cells by a simple and industrially compatible technique of surface morphology modification. The nanostructures are prepared by Ag-catalyzed chemical etching and subsequent NaOH treatment with controllable geometrical parameters and surface area enhancement ratio. We have examined in detail the influence of different surface area enhancement ratios on reflectance, carrier recombination characteristics and cell performance. By conducting a quantitative analysis of these factors, we have successfully demonstrated a higher-than-traditional output performance of nanostructured multicrystalline silicon solar cells with a low average reflectance of 4.93%, a low effective surface recombination velocity of 6.59 m s(-1), and a certified conversion efficiency of 17.75% on large size (156 × 156 mm(2)) silicon cells, which is ∼0.3% higher than the acid textured counterparts. The present work opens a potential prospect for the mass production of nanostructured solar cells with improved efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Lin
- Institute of Solar Energy, Laboratory of Condensed Matter Spectroscopy and Opto-Electronic Physics, and Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China. Department of Mathematics and Physics, Shanghai Dian Ji University, Shanghai 201306, People's Republic of China
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Hu D, Xia SL, Shao XX, Yu LQ, Lin XX, Guo M, Lin XQ, Jiang Y. Association of ulcerative colitis with TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) gene polymorphisms and plasma soluble TRAIL levels in Chinese Han population. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19:467-476. [PMID: 25720720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The precise etiology of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) is still unknown although dysregulation of apoptosis likely plays an important role in this pathogenesis. However, the significance of mucosal T-cell apoptosis in ulcerative colitis (UC) is unclear. In the present work we investigated the role of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which is implicated in various human disorders. PATIENTS AND METHODS Results from a total of 393 UC patients and 1292 healthy individuals were analyzed in this study. We determined the three single nucleotide polymorphisms of TRAIL in 3' untranslated regions (UTR), and examined the plasma soluble TRAIL (sTRAIL) levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS We found that the mutant genotypes of TRAIL (G1525A/G1588A/C1595T and G1525A and G1588A) were much lower in UC patients compared to the controls. Furthermore, mutant allele and genotype of TRAIL C1595T were more prevalent in severe UC patients than in other patients (p < 0.001; p = 0.005, respectively). The three polymorphic sites in 3'UTR were in a perfect linkage disequilibrium in our study. In contrast to controls, the GAT haplotype was increased (p < 0.001), while the AAT haplotype was decreased in UC patients (p < 0.001). Besides, the plasma levels of sTRAIL were significantly higher in UC patients than in controls (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggested that increased occurrence of the genetic mutations of TRAIL in 3'UTR and possibly decreased plasma levels of sTRAIL might lead to a lower risk of UC attack in Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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Abstract
We report the realization of high performance silicon nanowire (SiNW) based solar cells with a conversion efficiency of 17.11% and a large size of 125 × 125 mm(2). The key factor for success lies in an efficient approach of dielectric passivation to greatly enhance the electrical properties while keeping the advantage of excellent light trapping of the SiNW structure. The suppression of carrier recombination has been demonstrated through the combination of the SiO2/SiNx stack, which exhibits a good passivation effect on heavily doped SiNWs via reducing both the Shockley-Read-Hall recombination and near surface Auger recombination. We have examined in detail the effects of different passivations and SiNW lengths on the effective minority carrier lifetime, reflectance and carrier recombination characteristics, as well as cell performance. The proposed passivation techniques can be easily adapted to conventional industrial manufacturing processes, providing a potential prospect of SiNW based solar cells in mass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Lin
- Laboratory of Condensed Matter Spectroscopy and Opto-Electronic Physics, Department of Physics, and Institute of Solar Energy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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Chen XD, Hu XJ, Ma G, Lin XX. Monozygotic twins discordant for port wine stains support the post-zygotic mutation hypothesis. Clin Genet 2012; 83:397-8. [PMID: 22856353 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2012.01926.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mao JY, Chen LM, Hudson LT, Seely JF, Zhang L, Sun YQ, Lin XX, Zhang J. Application of a transmission crystal x-ray spectrometer to moderate-intensity laser driven sources. Rev Sci Instrum 2012; 83:043104. [PMID: 22559512 DOI: 10.1063/1.3700212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In the pursuit of novel, laser-produced x-ray sources for medical imaging applications, appropriate instrumental diagnostics need to be developed concurrently. A type of transmission crystal spectroscopy has previously been demonstrated as a survey tool for sources produced by high-power and high-energy lasers. The present work demonstrates the extension of this method into the study of medium-intensity laser driven hard x-ray sources with a design that preserves resolving power while maintaining high sensitivity. Specifically, spectroscopic measurements of characteristic Kα and Kβ emissions were studied from Mo targets irradiated by a 100 fs, 200 mJ, Ti: sapphire laser with intensity of 10(17) W/cm(2) to 10(18) W∕cm(2) per shot. Using a transmission curved crystal spectrometer and off-Rowland circle imaging, resolving powers (E/ΔE) of around 300 for Mo Kα(2) at 17.37 keV were obtained with an end-to-end spectrometer efficiency of (1.13 ± 0.10) × 10(-5). This sensitivity is sufficient for registering x-ray lines with high signal to background from targets following irradiation by a single laser pulse, demonstrating the utility of this method in the study of the development of medium-intensity laser driven x-ray sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, CAS, Beijing 100190, China
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McKenna P, Robinson APL, Neely D, Desjarlais MP, Carroll DC, Quinn MN, Yuan XH, Brenner CM, Burza M, Coury M, Gallegos P, Gray RJ, Lancaster KL, Li YT, Lin XX, Tresca O, Wahlström CG. Effect of lattice structure on energetic electron transport in solids irradiated by ultraintense laser pulses. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:185004. [PMID: 21635098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.185004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of lattice structure on the transport of energetic (MeV) electrons in solids irradiated by ultraintense laser pulses is investigated using various allotropes of carbon. We observe smooth electron transport in diamond, whereas beam filamentation is observed with less ordered forms of carbon. The highly ordered lattice structure of diamond is shown to result in a transient state of warm dense carbon with metalliclike conductivity, at temperatures of the order of 1-100 eV, leading to suppression of electron beam filamentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P McKenna
- SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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Lin XX, Li YT, Liu F, Liu BC, Du F, Wang SJ, Chen LM, Zhang L, Zheng Y, Liu X, Liu XL, Wang ZH, Ma JL, Wei ZY, Zhang J. Note: Diagnosing femtosecond laser-solid interactions with monochromatic Kα imager and x-ray pinhole camera. Rev Sci Instrum 2011; 82:036104. [PMID: 21456806 DOI: 10.1063/1.3567014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An x-ray pinhole camera and a monochromatic K(α) imager are used to measure the interactions of intense femtosecond laser pulses with Cu foil targets. The two diagnostics give different features in the spot size and the laser energy scaling, which are resulted from different physical processes. Under our experimental conditions, the K(α) emission is mainly excited by the fast electrons transporting inside the cold bulk target. In contrast, the x-ray pinhole signals are dominated by the broadband thermal x-ray emission from the hot plasma at the front target surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Lin XX, Li YT, Liu BC, Liu F, Du F, Wang SJ, Lu X, Chen LM, Zhang L, Liu X, Wang J, Liu F, Liu XL, Wang ZH, Ma JL, Wei ZY, Zhang J. Effect of prepulse on fast electron lateral transport at the target surface irradiated by intense femtosecond laser pulses. Phys Rev E 2011; 82:046401. [PMID: 21230399 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.046401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The effects of preplasma on lateral fast electron transport at front target surface, irradiated by ultraintense (>10(18) W/cm2) laser pulses, are investigated by Kα imaging technique. A large annular Kα halo with a diameter of ∼560 μm surrounding a central spot is observed. A specially designed steplike target is used to identify the possible mechanisms. It is believed that the halos are mainly generated by the lateral diffusion of fast electrons due to the electrostatic and magnetic fields in the preplasma. This is illustrated by simulated electron trajectories using a numerical model.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
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Lin XX, Xie QM, Shen WH, Chen Y. [Effects of fermented Cordyceps powder on pulmonary function in sensitized guinea pigs and airway inflammation in sensitized rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2001; 26:622-5. [PMID: 12776432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study Cordyceps (artificial fermented Cordyceps sinensis(Berk.) Sacc) powderin the treatment of asthma in the animal models. METHOD Pulmonary function and airway inflammation in vivo were investigated. RESULT Cordyceps, 5g.kg-1(ig), significantly inhibited bronchial challenge of ovalbumin-induced change of RL and Cdyn (P < 0.05) and inhibited antigen-induced increase of eosinophils in the BALF of rats (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results suggested cordyceps could be applied for the prevention and cure of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Lin
- Zhejiang Respiratory Drugs Research Laboratory of State Drugs Administration of China, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou 310031, Zhejiang, China
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Fan XD, Qiu WL, Zhang ZY, Mao Q, Lin XX. [The DSA features of AVM of jaws]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 2001; 10:62-3, 92. [PMID: 14994084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the vascular architecture of AVM of jaws on DSA. METHODS 12 cases of AVM of jaws comprised this study group, and 5 cases in maxilla and 7 cases in mandible, respectively. Seldinger technique was applied to carry out carotid angiography under the guidance of DSA machine (PHILIPS V3000). RESULTS The DSA features of AVM of jaws included varix into the posterior area of jaws. The varix of the maxilla was supplied by the posterior superior alveolar artery and transversal facial artery when the soft tissue was involved, and the varix of the mandible was supplied by the inferior alveolar artery, maxillary and facial artery. CONCLUSION Angiography is considered necessary for the diagnosis and embolization of AVM of jaws, and the varix is the center of lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- X D Fan
- Department of Radiology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200011, China
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Lin XX, Wang W, Wu SF, Yang C, Chang TS. Treatment of capillary vascular malformation (port-wine stains) with photochemotherapy. Plast Reconstr Surg 1997; 99:1826-30. [PMID: 9180705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
One-hundred and thirty patients (85 female, 45 male) with port-wine stains were treated with photodynamic therapy, also called photochemotherapy, which recently has become acknowledged as effective for a variety of malignant tumors. Probably based on the photochemical reaction with the generation of toxic species, photochemotherapy results in endothelial cell injury and death of abnormal capillaries under overlying epidermis. A retrospective review of 118 available patients with port-wine stains reveals that 98.3 percent responded to photochemotherapy with varying degrees of success after one-time treatment. Results were reported under a simple classification system ranging from ordinary to dilated to posttreatment type. In the ordinary group, the results evaluated as excellent, good, fair, and poor were 37.8, 53.7, 8.5, and 0 percent, respectively, before a second treatment; the treated area was an average of 9.8 (range 7 to 13) cm in diameter. In addition, hypertrophic scars, permanent hyperpigmentation, and hypopigmentation were not seen based on proper parameters. Photochemotherapy offers a potentially efficient and promising choice based on a completely different mechanism from that of selected photothermal therapy with the pulsed-dye laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Lin
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, China
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