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Li N, Meng D, Xu Y, Gao L, Shen F, Tie X, Zhang Y, Yi Z, Shen W, Liu Z, Xu Z. Pyruvate Kinase M2 Knockdown Suppresses Migration, Invasion, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Gastric Carcinoma via Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Alpha/B-Cell Lymphoma 6 Pathway. Biomed Res Int 2020; 2020:7467104. [PMID: 33376737 PMCID: PMC7744182 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7467104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma is a common malignant cancer. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) is highly expressed in cancers, including gastric carcinoma. However, its function and molecular mechanism in gastric carcinoma remains unclear. Here, we aimed to explore the function and the underlying mechanism of PKM2 on malignant phenotypes in gastric carcinoma. In this study, the mRNA levels and protein levels of PKM2 in gastric carcinoma cell lines and normal gastric mucosa epithelial cell lines were detected using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot, respectively. PKM2 was downregulated by siRNA transfection. HIF-1α or BCL-6 was upregulated by corresponding overexpression plasmid. Cell viability was detected using CCK-8 assay. Cell invasion and migration were determined using transwell assay. Higher expression of PKM2 was observed in human gastric carcinoma cell lines MKN-45 and SGC-7901 than in the normal gastric mucosa epithelial cell line GES-1. PKM2 knockdown suppressed cancer cell invasion and migration and inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype by inhibiting E-cadherin and promoting vimentin and N-cadherin expression. Also, we observed that PKM2 knockdown suppressed the hypoxia-inducible factor alpha (HIF-1α) and B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL-6) signaling pathway. HIF-1α overexpression reversed the function of PKM2 silencing on cell invasion, migration, EMT, and BCL-6 expression. BCL-6 overexpression also reversed the function of PKM2 silencing on cell invasion, migration, and EMT but did not affect HIF-1α expression. Taken together, data from our study suggest that PKM2 knockdown impeded cell migration, invasion, and EMT of gastric carcinoma cells via the HIF-1α/BCL-6 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Dandan Meng
- Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Fengqian Shen
- Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Xiaojing Tie
- Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Zhenying Yi
- Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Wenjie Shen
- Analysis Department, Central Hospital of Kaifeng, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Zonglan Liu
- Analysis Department, Central Hospital of Kaifeng, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
| | - Zhiqiao Xu
- Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475001 Henan, China
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Fitzgerald AJ, Tie X, Hackmann MJ, Cense B, Gibson AP, Wallace VP. Co-registered combined OCT and THz imaging to extract depth and refractive index of a tissue-equivalent test object. Biomed Opt Express 2020; 11:1417-1431. [PMID: 32206419 PMCID: PMC7075603 DOI: 10.1364/boe.378506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT) provide complementary information with similar length scales. In addition to OCT's extensive use in ophthalmology, both methods have shown some promise for other medical applications and non-destructive testing. In this paper, we present an iterative algorithm that combines the information from OCT and THz imaging at two different measurement locations within an object to determine both the depth of the reflecting layers at the two locations and the unknown refractive index of the medium for both the OCT wavelengths and THz frequencies. We validate this algorithm using a silicone test object with embedded layers and show that the depths and refractive index values obtained from the algorithm agreed with the measured values to within 3.3%. We further demonstrate for the first time that OCT and THz images can be co-registered and aligned using unsupervised image registration. Hence we show that a combined OCT/THz system can provide unique information beyond the capability of the separate modalities alone, with possible applications in the medical, industrial and pharmaceutical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Fitzgerald
- Department of Physics, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - X. Tie
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - M. J. Hackmann
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - B. Cense
- Optical+Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Electronic, Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - A. P. Gibson
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - V. P. Wallace
- Department of Physics, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Xu Z, Tie X, Li N, Yi Z, Shen F, Zhang Y. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0000654 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by regulating the miR‐149‐5p/IL‐6/STAT3 pathway. IUBMB Life 2019; 72:426-439. [PMID: 31778020 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiao Xu
- Department of Tumor CenterKaifeng Central Hospital Kaifeng Henan China
| | - Xiaojing Tie
- Department of Tumor CenterKaifeng Central Hospital Kaifeng Henan China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Tumor CenterKaifeng Central Hospital Kaifeng Henan China
| | - Zhenying Yi
- Department of Tumor CenterKaifeng Central Hospital Kaifeng Henan China
| | - Fengqian Shen
- Department of Tumor CenterKaifeng Central Hospital Kaifeng Henan China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Tumor CenterKaifeng Central Hospital Kaifeng Henan China
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Shen F, Liu P, Xu Z, Li N, Yi Z, Tie X, Zhang Y, Gao L. CircRNA_001569 promotes cell proliferation through absorbing miR-145 in gastric cancer. J Biochem 2019; 165:27-36. [PMID: 30304349 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer severely threatens human life, while its pathogenesis is still unclear. The present study was to explore the potential pathogenic mechanism underlying gastric cancer. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the expression of circRNA_001569 and miR-145; western blot was performed to detect the expression of NR4A2. Cell cycle and apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry, and cell viability was determined using Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Luciferase reporter assay was carried out to validate the relationship between miR-145 and NR4A2. Both circRNA_001569 and NR4A2 were overexpressed in tissues and cells of gastric cancer, while miR-145 was down-regulated. Overexpressed circRNA_001569 significantly increased cell viability, and decreased cell apoptosis, while down-regulated circRNA_001569 dramatically decreased cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis. CircRNA_001569 regulated the expression of miR-145, the effect of pcDNA-circRNA_001569 was abolished by miR-145 mimic and the effect of si-circRNA_001569 was abolished by miR-145 inhibitor. MiR-145 targets NR4A2 to regulate its expression. Overexpressed miR-145 suppressed cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis. Taken together, the present study indicated that overexpressed circRNA_001569 promoted cell viability of gastric cancer through suppressing the expression of miR-145, which was mediated by NR4A2. The research will provide great theoretical basis for further clinical diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqian Shen
- Department of Oncology, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Peijie Liu
- Department of Oncology, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Zhiqiao Xu
- Department of Oncology, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Oncology, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Zhenying Yi
- Department of Oncology, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojing Tie
- Department of Oncology, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Oncology, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, Henan, China
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Küll V, Riese M, Tie X, Wiemert T, Eidmann G, Offermann D, Brasseur GP. NOypartitioning and aerosol influences in the stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Küll
- Physics Department; University of Wuppertal; Germany
| | - M. Riese
- Physics Department; University of Wuppertal; Germany
| | - X. Tie
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - T. Wiemert
- Physics Department; University of Wuppertal; Germany
| | - G. Eidmann
- Physics Department; University of Wuppertal; Germany
| | - D. Offermann
- Physics Department; University of Wuppertal; Germany
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Riese M, Tie X, Brasseur G, Offermann D. Three-dimensional simulation of stratospheric trace gas distributions measured by CRISTA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tie X, Kao CY, Mroz EJ, Cicerone RJ, Alyea FN, Cunnold DM. Three-dimensional simulations of atmospheric methyl chloroform: Effect of an ocean sink. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1029/92jd02085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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