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Yao XH, Hou YH, Ping YF, Bian XW. [The introduction of pediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas in 2021 WHO classification of tumors of the central nervous system (5th edition)]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:112-116. [PMID: 36748129 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20221009-00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X H Yao
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Y H Hou
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Y F Ping
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - X W Bian
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), and Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing 400038, China
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Sheng YJ, Jiang QQ, Liu L, Cheng S, Li HR, Li SW, Huang SL, Li YD, Yuan JQ, Ping YF, Dong J. [Characteristics and regulatory mechanisms of lipid metabolism remodeling after malignant transformation of glioma-associated macrophages]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:3134-3142. [PMID: 36274598 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220127-00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the lipid metabolism characteristics of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) after malignant transformation in the glioma micro-environment, and analyze the biological phenotype changes and regulatory mechanisms after inhibiting the lipid metabolism remodeling. Methods: Twelve male Balb/c mice of 6-8 weeks were used in the study. Macrophages (Mφ) were derived from mouse bone marrow, and malignantly transformed macrophages (tMφ1 and tMφ2) were cloned from the model of glioma stem cell (GSC) through interaction with Mφ in vivo and in vitro. Intracellular lipid droplet formation and cellular cholesterol content were measured respectively in Mφ, tMφ1 and tMφ2. qRT-PCR was performed to detect the genes expression level related with lipid metabolism, including sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarate monoacyl coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA). Simvastatin (SIM) was used to analyze the proliferation, immigration and invasiveness ability in tMφ1 and tMφ2 after inhibition of the lipid metabolism. Differential expression profiles of miRNAs after SIM treatment were constructed in t-Mφ1 and bio-informatics analysis was screened and verified for miR449a and its target gene sorting micro-tubule connectin 17 (SNX17) associated with lipid metabolism remodeling. The effect on SNX17 by up-regulated miR-449a were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blot, meanwhile, the biological phenotype and cholesterol content were observed after up-regulation of miR449a. Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) protein levels after SNX17 knockdown and intracellular cholesterol content after LDLR knockdown were detected respectively. Results: The numbers of intracellular lipid droplet formation in tMφ1 and tMφ2 were more than that in Mφ (P<0.001). Likewise, the relative contents of cholesterol (3.89±0.68 and 3.56±0.53), SREBP (4.78±0.60 and 2.84±0.41), FASN (4.65±0.70 and 3.01±0.45), and HMG-CoA (5.74±0.55 and 2.97±0.34) were significantly higher in tMφ1 and tMφ2 than those of Mφ (1.01 wel, 1.02 wel and 0.99 wel, respectively) (all P<0.001). The proliferation rates of tMφ1 and tMφ2 decreased from (47.06±5.88) % and (45.29±5.64)% to (23.53±4.70)% and (18.74±5.76)%, respectively after treatment with SIM (both P<0.05). The numbers of migrated cells decreased from 1 025±138 and 350±47 to 205±63 and 99±25, respectively (both P<0.001). And the numbers of invasiveness cells decreased from 919±45 and 527±34 to 220±23 and 114±21, respectively (both P<0.001). While the relative intracellular cholesterol content decreased to 0.52±0.08 and 0.58±0.07 (both P<0.05), respectively. MiR-449a was screened from tMφ1 by SIM, and the target gene was analyzed and verified to be SNX17. SNX17 expression was down-regulated, and the proliferation rate, the number of migration and invasiveness was significantly decreased after miR-449a over-expression (all P<0.05). Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression was down-regulated after knock-down of SNX17, while the cholesterol content was decreased after knock-down of LDLR in tMφ1 and tMφ2 (all P<0.05). Conclusions: Malignantly transformed TAMs undergo lipid metabolism remodeling characterized with enhanced lipid metabolism. MiR-449a regulates the LDLR by targeting SNX17, thereby affecting the lipid metabolism of malignantly transformed macrophages, and subsequently inhibiting its proliferation, migration, and invasion ability. Precise intervention with miR-449a/SNX17/LDLR axis could provide an experimental basis for reversing its tumor-promoting micro-environment remodeled by GSC through metabolic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Q Q Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - L Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - S Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - H R Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - S W Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - S L Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Y D Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - J Q Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Y F Ping
- Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - J Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
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Bian XW, Zhang PP, Ping YF, Yao XH. [Next-generation diagnostic pathology]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:3-6. [PMID: 34979745 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20211005-00726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the technological progresses and applications of human genome sequencing, bioinformatics analysis and data mining, and molecular pathology and artificial intelligence-assisted pathological diagnosis, the development of clinical medicine is moving towards the era of precision diagnosis and treatment. In the context of this era, the traditional diagnostic pathology is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges in our history and is striving towards the "next-generation diagnostic pathology" (NGDP). NGDP is based on histomorphology and clinical data, and characterized by the combination of molecular detection and bioinformatics analysis, intelligent sampling and process quality control, intelligent diagnosis and remote consultation, lesion visualization and "non-invasive" pathology as well as other innovative cutting edge interdisciplinary technologies. The NGDP reports will include the results from multi-omics and cross-scale integrated diagnosis for final diagnosis. NGDP will also be applied for predicting disease progression and outcomes, and determining optional therapeutics as well as assessing treatment responses, so that a novel "golden standard" of disease diagnosis can be established. In the near fature, it is necessary to stimulate the innovative vitality of pathology disciplines, accelerate the maturity and application for NGDP, update the theory and technical system of pathology, and perform its important applicable role in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment of diseases so that the futher development of clinical medicine will be promoted and the strategy for maintenance of being healthy in China will be served.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Bian
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University)/Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - P P Zhang
- Department of Pathology/Intelligent Pathology Institue, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Y F Ping
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University)/Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - X H Yao
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University(Army Medical University)/Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunopathology, Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400038, China
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Yao XH, Li TY, He ZC, Ping YF, Liu HW, Yu SC, Mou HM, Wang LH, Zhang HR, Fu WJ, Luo T, Liu F, Guo QN, Chen C, Xiao HL, Guo HT, Lin S, Xiang DF, Shi Y, Pan GQ, Li QR, Huang X, Cui Y, Liu XZ, Tang W, Pan PF, Huang XQ, Ding YQ, Bian XW. [A pathological report of three COVID-19 cases by minimal invasive autopsies]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020; 49:411-417. [PMID: 32172546 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200312-00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the pathological characteristics and the clinical significance of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia (termed by WHO as coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19). Methods: Minimally invasive autopsies from lung, heart, kidney, spleen, bone marrow, liver, pancreas, stomach, intestine, thyroid and skin were performed on three patients died of novel coronavirus pneumonia in Chongqing, China. Hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE), transmission electron microcopy, and histochemical staining were performed to investigate the pathological changes of indicated organs or tissues. Immunohistochemical staining was conducted to evaluate the infiltration of immune cells as well as the expression of 2019-nCoV proteins. Real time PCR was carried out to detect the RNA of 2019-nCoV. Results: Various damages were observed in the alveolar structure, with minor serous exudation and fibrin exudation. Hyaline membrane formation was observed in some alveoli. The infiltrated immune cells in alveoli were majorly macrophages and monocytes. Moderate multinucleated giant cells, minimal lymphocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils were also observed. Most of infiltrated lymphocytes were CD4-positive T cells. Significant proliferation of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelia and focal desquamation of alveolar epithelia were also indicated. The blood vessels of alveolar septum were congested, edematous and widened, with modest infiltration of monocytes and lymphocytes. Hyaline thrombi were found in a minority of microvessels. Focal hemorrhage in lung tissue, organization of exudates in some alveolar cavities, and pulmonary interstitial fibrosis were observed. Part of the bronchial epithelia were exfoliated. Coronavirus particles in bronchial mucosal epithelia and type Ⅱ alveolar epithelia were observed under electron microscope. Immunohistochemical staining showed that part of the alveolar epithelia and macrophages were positive for 2019-nCoV antigen. Real time PCR analyses identified positive signals for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid. Decreased numbers of lymphocyte, cell degeneration and necrosis were observed in spleen. Furthermore, degeneration and necrosis of parenchymal cells, formation of hyaline thrombus in small vessels, and pathological changes of chronic diseases were observed in other organs and tissues, while no evidence of coronavirus infection was observed in these organs. Conclusions: The lungs from novel coronavirus pneumonia patients manifest significant pathological lesions, including the alveolar exudative inflammation and interstitial inflammation, alveolar epithelium proliferation and hyaline membrane formation. While the 2019-nCoV is mainly distributed in lung, the infection also involves in the damages of heart, vessels, liver, kidney and other organs. Further studies are warranted to investigate the mechanism underlying pathological changes of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X H Yao
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - T Y Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military MedicalUniversity (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Z C He
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Y F Ping
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - H W Liu
- Chongqing Three-Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - S C Yu
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - H M Mou
- Chongqing Three-Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - L H Wang
- Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - H R Zhang
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - W J Fu
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - T Luo
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - F Liu
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Q N Guo
- Institute of Pathology, Xinqiao Hosital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University),Chongqing 400037, China
| | - C Chen
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - H L Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - H T Guo
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - S Lin
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - D F Xiang
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Y Shi
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - G Q Pan
- Institute of Pathology, Xinqiao Hosital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University),Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Q R Li
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - X Huang
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chongqing Three-Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Y Cui
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chongqing Three-Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - X Z Liu
- Infection Management Department, Chongqing Three-Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - W Tang
- Chongqing Three-Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - P F Pan
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chongqing Three-Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - X Q Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military MedicalUniversity (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Y Q Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X W Bian
- Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
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