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HUANG GEN, LI YINGYING, tao L, KONG ZHIJIE, xie C, DU SHIQIAN, WANG TEHUA, WU YUJIE, LIU QIE, ZHANG DONGCAI, LIN JIAQI, LI MIAOYU, WANG JUN, ZHANG JIN, LU SHANFU, CHENG YI, Wang S, huang Z. Durable High‐temperature Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells Enabled by the Working‐temperature‐matching Palladium‐Hydrogen Buffer Layer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202215177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- GEN HUANG
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - YINGYING LI
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - li tao
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - ZHIJIE KONG
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - chao xie
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - SHIQIAN DU
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - TEHUA WANG
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - YUJIE WU
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - QIE LIU
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - DONGCAI ZHANG
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - JIAQI LIN
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - MIAOYU LI
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - JUN WANG
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
| | - JIN ZHANG
- Beihang University School of Space and Environment CHINA
| | - SHANFU LU
- Beihang University School of Space and Environment CHINA
| | - YI CHENG
- Central South University Department of Environmental Engineering, School of Metallurgy and Environment CHINA
| | - Shuangyin Wang
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics Lushan Nan Road 410082 Changsha CHINA
| | - zhifeng huang
- Hunan University State Key Laboratory of Chem/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics CHINA
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LONSDORF ELIZABETHV, GILLESPIE THOMASR, WOLF TIFFANYM, LIPENDE IDDI, RAPHAEL JANE, BAKUZA JARED, MURRAY CARSONM, WILSON MICHAELL, KAMENYA SHADRACK, MJUNGU DEUS, COLLINS DANTHONY, GILBY IANC, STANTON MARGARETA, TERIO KARENA, BARBIAN HANNAHJ, LI YINGYING, RAMIREZ MIGUEL, KRUPNICK ALEXANDER, SEIDL EMILY, GOODALL JANE, HAHN BEATRICEH, PUSEY ANNEE, TRAVIS DOMINICA. Socioecological correlates of clinical signs in two communities of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Am J Primatol 2018; 80:10.1002/ajp.22562. [PMID: 27182786 PMCID: PMC5112147 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Disease and other health hazards pose serious threats to the persistence of wild ape populations. The total chimpanzee population at Gombe National Park, Tanzania, has declined from an estimated 120 to 150 individuals in the 1960's to around 100 individuals by the end of 2013, with death associated with observable signs of disease as the leading cause of mortality. In 2004, we began a non-invasive health-monitoring program in the two habituated communities in the park (Kasekela and Mitumba) with the aim of understanding the prevalence of health issues in the population, and identifying the presence and impacts of various pathogens. Here we present prospectively collected data on clinical signs (observable changes in health) in the chimpanzees of the Kasekela (n = 81) and Mitumba (n = 32) communities over an 8-year period (2005-2012). First, we take a population approach and analyze prevalence of clinical signs in five different categories: gastrointestinal system (diarrhea), body condition (estimated weight loss), respiratory system (coughing, sneezing etc.), wounds/lameness, and dermatologic issues by year, month, and community membership. Mean monthly prevalence of each clinical sign per community varied, but typically affected <10% of observed individuals. Secondly, we analyze the presence of clinical signs in these categories as they relate to individual demographic and social factors (age, sex, and dominance rank) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVcpz) infection status. Adults have higher odds of being observed with diarrhea, loss of body condition, and wounds or lameness when compared to immatures, while males have a higher probability of being observed with wounds or lameness than females. In contrast, signs of respiratory illness appear not to be related to chimpanzee-specific factors and skin abnormalities are very rare. For a subset of known-rank individuals, dominance rank predicts the probability of wounding/lameness in adult males, but does not predict any adverse clinical signs in adult females. Instead, adult females with SIVcpz infection are more likely to be observed with diarrhea, a finding that warrants further investigation. Comparable data are needed from other sites to determine whether the prevalence of clinical signs we observe are relatively high or low, as well as to more fully understand the factors influencing health of wild apes at both the population and individual level. Am. J. Primatol. 80:e22562, 2018. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - THOMAS R. GILLESPIE
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Program in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - TIFFANY M. WOLF
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - IDDI LIPENDE
- Gombe Stream Research Center, Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania
| | - JANE RAPHAEL
- Gombe National Park, Tanzania National Parks, Kigoma, Tanzania
| | - JARED BAKUZA
- College of Education, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - CARSON M. MURRAY
- Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - MICHAEL L. WILSON
- Departments of Anthropology and Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - SHADRACK KAMENYA
- Gombe Stream Research Center, Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania
| | - DEUS MJUNGU
- Gombe Stream Research Center, Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania
| | | | - IAN C. GILBY
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - MARGARET A. STANTON
- Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - KAREN A. TERIO
- Zoological Pathology Program, University of Illinois, Brookfield, Illinois
| | - HANNAH J. BARBIAN
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - YINGYING LI
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - MIGUEL RAMIREZ
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - ALEXANDER KRUPNICK
- Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
| | - EMILY SEIDL
- Department of Psychology, Franklin and Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania
| | | | - BEATRICE H. HAHN
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - ANNE E. PUSEY
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - DOMINIC A. TRAVIS
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
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TERIO KARENA, LONSDORF ELIZABETHV, KINSEL MICHAELJ, RAPHAEL JANE, LIPENDE IDDI, COLLINS ANTHONY, LI YINGYING, HAHN BEATRICEH, TRAVIS DOMINICA, GILLESPIE THOMASR. Oesophagostomiasis in non-human primates of Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Am J Primatol 2018; 80:10.1002/ajp.22572. [PMID: 27309976 PMCID: PMC5161720 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Oesophagostomum sp. is a parasitic nematode that frequently infects wild chimpanzees. Although nodular lesions are commonly associated with infection, some wild chimpanzee populations seem to tolerate Oesophagostomum nodular lesions while those at Gombe and other sites suffer from associated morbidity and mortality. From August 2004 to December 2013, we examined demographic (i.e., age, sex) and individual correlates (i.e., fecal consistency, Oesophagostomum egg production) to Oesophagostomum-associated pathology in 14 individually recognized chimpanzees at Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania. In addition, we characterized Oesophagostomum-associated pathology in 14 individual sympatric primates including baboons, colobus, and cercopithecid monkeys. In five chimpanzees, there was no evidence of any significant underlying disease aside from oesophagostomiasis to explain the thin condition or diarrhea. All five of these chimpanzees had moderate to numerous parasitic nodules. In general, nodules were more numerous in older chimpanzees. Three of four chimpanzees with the highest average Oesophagostomum egg counts in feces collected during the year prior to their death had numerous parasitic nodules at necropsy. In contrast, the four chimpanzees with the lowest egg counts had only moderate numbers of nodules. No association (P = 0.74) was noted between frequency of diarrhea in the year prior to death and the number of nodules noted at necropsy. Nodules were also present in all baboons examined documenting pathology associated with Oesophagostomum infection in wild baboons. In contrast, no lesions were noted in colobus or cercopithecid monkeys, although it is uncertain if they are infected as no fecal studies have been completed in these species to date at Gombe. Sequence of DNA isolated from nodules in chimpanzees matched (99%) Oesophagostomum stephanostomum. Further research is needed to identify the types of Oesophagostomum causing lesions in baboons and to determine if baboons suffer from these infections. Am. J. Primatol. 80:e22572, 2018. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- KAREN A. TERIO
- Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Brookfield, Illinois
| | | | - MICHAEL J. KINSEL
- Zoological Pathology Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Brookfield, Illinois
| | - JANE RAPHAEL
- Gombe National Park, Tanzania National Parks, Kigoma, Tanzania
| | - IDDI LIPENDE
- Gombe Stream Research Center, Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania
| | - ANTHONY COLLINS
- Gombe Stream Research Center, Jane Goodall Institute, Kigoma, Tanzania
| | - YINGYING LI
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - BEATRICE H. HAHN
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - DOMINIC A. TRAVIS
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - THOMAS R. GILLESPIE
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Program in Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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