1
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Cai X, Zhao J, Dang Y. Combination Therapy with Anti-VEGF and Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant for Macular Edema Secondary to Retinal Vein Occlusion. Curr Eye Res 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38639040 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2343055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the safety and efficacy of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab alone or ranibizumab combined with dexamethasone intravitreal implant in the treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. STUDY DESIGN A single center, case-controlled, prospective cohort study (Clinical Trail Registration Number: ChiCTR2400080048). METHODS A total of 44 patients were enrolled and randomized into the ranibizumab group (n = 23) and the combination group (ranibizumab combined with dexamethasone intravitreal implant) (n = 21). All patients received ranibizumab intravitreal injections in the first three months as the initial treatment. For the ranibizumab group, patients might receive repeat injections in case of the recurrence of macular edema; For the combination group, patients received an intravitreal injection of dexamethasone implant after the first injection of ranibizumab at the day 15. The main outcome was best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and reduction of central macular thickness. The secondary outcome were the numbers of recurrence, the average injection interval, and the numbers of injection. Adverse events were also recorded. RESULTS The BCVAs in both groups were significantly improved compared with the baselines (all p < 0.001), but more increment in BCVA was noticed at the 3-month in the combination group (p = 0.022). Both groups showed a reduction of central macular thickness at all time points (p < 0.05). However, the combination group did not exhibit higher central macular thickness-reducing effects than the ranibizumab group (p > 0.05). Compared with the combination group, the ranibizumab group suffered a higher number of recurrences of macular edema (p < 0.001), a lower interval of injection (p = 0.050), and a higher number of injection (p < 0.011). The incidence of adverse events was not significant between the two groups (p = 0.944). CONCLUSIONS Ranibizumab combined with dexamethasone injection sustainably improved the BCVA of retinal vein occlusion patients with a good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital/Sanmenxia Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Outflow Engineering, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital/Sanmenxia Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Outflow Engineering, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital/Sanmenxia Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Outflow Engineering, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
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2
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Zhang R, Dang Y. The Recent Advances in the Function and Mechanism of Caveolin-1 in Retinal Neovascularization. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:CDT-EPUB-139621. [PMID: 38591209 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501310201240403065930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization diseases have relatively high rates of evitable blindness. Abnormal retinal neovascularization is their main hallmark, which can damage the structure and function of the eye and lead to impaired vision. Caveolin-1 is a membrane protein that is expressed in many types of retinal cells and is involved in retinal neovascularization. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of global research on specific functions of caveolin-1 in retinal neovascularization. We believe that the mechanism of action of caveolin-1 might be related to the regulation of relevant signal pathways and looked ahead the application prospects of modulating caveolin- 1 in retinal neovascularization diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital/Sanmenxia Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, 472000, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Outflow Engineering, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, 47200, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital/Sanmenxia Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, 472000, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Outflow Engineering, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, 47200, China
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3
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Wu J, Wei J, Chen H, Dang Y, Lei F. Rho Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Glaucoma. Curr Drug Targets 2024; 25:94-107. [PMID: 38155465 PMCID: PMC10964082 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501286195231220094646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is the most common cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. It is characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration and loss of visual field. Pathological increased intraocular pressure is its main modifiable risk factor. Rho kinase inhibitors are developed as a new class of glaucoma medication that increases outflow facility from the conventional aqueous humor outflow pathway. Additionally, they also have neuroprotective and anti-scarring effects that can might increase the success rate of glaucoma filtration surgery. This review aims to summarize the current concept of Rho kinase inhibitors in the treatment of glaucoma from beach to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhui Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology/College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology/College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Haoliang Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital/Sanmenxia Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital/Sanmenxia Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
| | - Fang Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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4
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Wang J, Wang H, Dang Y. Rho-Kinase Inhibitors as Emerging Targets for Glaucoma Therapy. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:2943-2957. [PMID: 37837578 PMCID: PMC10640453 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma, the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, is a chronic and progressive optic neuropathy characterized by damage to the optic and retinal nerve fiber layers, which can lead to permanent loss of peripheral or central vision. Reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) is the only known modifiable risk factor for preventing and treating glaucoma. Rho kinase (ROCK) inhibitors are a new class of glaucoma drugs with a novel mechanism of action and good safety profile. They exert neuroprotective effects, act on the trabecular tissue, increase the outflow of aqueous humor, and reduce intraocular pressure. However, they also cause local adverse reactions, including common conjunctival congestion and subconjunctival bleeding; however, most are self-limiting and temporary. Netarsudil (0.02%), a ROCK inhibitor, relaxes the trabecular meshwork, increases the outflow of aqueous humor, reduces scleral venous pressure, and directly decreases IOP. Conjunctival congestion can be reduced if netarsudil is administered at night. The combination of these medications is always more effective than the single drug. Ripasudil (0.4%), another ROCK inhibitor, also lowers IOP; however, conjunctival hyperemia is the most common adverse drug reaction. The purpose of this review is to summarize the effects and adverse reactions of ROCK inhibitors in the experimental trial stage and in clinical treatment in recent years, providing suggestions for future clinical drug use, and research and development to reduce the side effects of these drugs, maximize the potential for reducing IOP, and improve the therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Hanke Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Outflow Engineering, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Sanmenxia, China.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, 472000, China.
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5
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Alektiar SN, Han J, Dang Y, Rubel CZ, Wickens ZK. Radical Hydrocarboxylation of Unactivated Alkenes via Photocatalytic Formate Activation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:10991-10997. [PMID: 37186951 PMCID: PMC10636750 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein we disclose a strategy to promote the hydrocarboxylation of unactivated alkenes using photochemical activation of formate salts. We illustrate that an alternative initiation mechanism circumvents the limitations of prior approaches and enables hydrocarboxylation of this challenging substrate class. Specifically, we found that accessing the requisite thiyl radical initiator without an exogenous chromophore eliminates major byproducts that have plagued attempts to exploit similar reactivity for unactivated alkene substrates. This redox-neutral method is technically simple to execute and effective across a broad range of alkene substrates. Feedstock alkenes, such as ethylene, are hydrocarboxylated at ambient temperature and pressure. A series of radical cyclization experiments indicate how the reactivity described in this report can be diverted by more complex radical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara N. Alektiar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jimin Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Y Dang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Camille Z. Rubel
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Zachary K. Wickens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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6
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Zhang Y, Gao C, Wang P, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xie W, Xu H, Dang Y, Liu D, Ren Z, Yan S, Wang Z, Hu W, Dong H. High Electron Mobility Hot-Exciton Induced Delayed Fluorescent Organic Semiconductors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217653. [PMID: 36631427 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of high mobility emissive organic semiconductors is of great significance for the fabrication of miniaturized optoelectronic devices, such as organic light emitting transistors. However, great challenge exists in designing key materials, especially those who integrates triplet exciton utilization ability. Herein, dinaphthylanthracene diimides (DNADIs), with 2,6-extended anthracene donor, and 3'- or 4'-substituted naphthalene monoimide acceptors were designed and synthesized. By introducing acceptor-donor-acceptor structure, both materials show high electron mobility. Moreover, by fine-tuning of substitution sites, good integration with high solid state photoluminescence quantum yield of 26 %, high electron mobility of 0.02 cm2 V-1 s-1 , and the feature of hot-exciton induced delayed fluorescence were obtained in 4'-DNADI. This work opens a new avenue for developing high electron mobility emissive organic semiconductors with efficient utilization of triplet excitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - C Gao
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - P Wang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Z Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - W Xie
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - H Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Y Dang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - D Liu
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Z Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - S Yan
- Department Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.,State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - W Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Tianjin University & Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China.,Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, 350207, China
| | - H Dong
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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7
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Li X, Chen H, Dang Y. Assessment of macular and peripapillary choroidal thickness in non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32916. [PMID: 36827023 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the most common optic neuropathy in adults aged ≥ 50 years. Transient non-perfusion or hypoperfusion of the optic nerve head circulation is believed to be the underlying cause of NAION. It has been suggested that peripapillary choroidal thickness (PCT) is altered after ischemic disorders of the optic nerve head, but the results have not always been consistent. To address this issue and provide evidence for the pathogenesis of NAION, we performed a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate macular choroidal thickness (MCT) and PCT in patients with NAION. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases was performed until August 31, 2022. The main inclusion criterion was a case-control study in which MCT and PCT were measured using optical coherence tomography in patients with NAION. Mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval were calculated for continuous estimates. The Review Manager (V5.40) was used for the analysis. RESULTS Nine studies comprising 663 eyes (283 NAION eyes and 380 healthy control eyes) were included (Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score ≥ 5). MCT and PCT were higher in eyes with chronic NAION (MD = 19.16, P = .04; MD = 35.36, P < .00001) and NAION fellow eyes (MD = 30.35, P = .0006; MD = 29.86, P = .04) than in healthy controls. No difference was noted in the MCT between eyes with acute NAION and healthy controls (MD = 2.99, P = .87). CONCLUSION Increased MCT and PCT may be important anatomical and physiological features of the eyes in patients with NAION.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
| | - Haoliang Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Sanmenxia Eye Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Luoyang, Henan, China
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8
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Waxman S, Strzalkowska A, Wang C, Loewen R, Dang Y, Loewen NA. Tissue-engineered anterior segment eye cultures demonstrate hallmarks of conventional organ culture. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2022; 261:1359-1368. [PMID: 36565327 PMCID: PMC10148776 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-022-05915-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glaucoma is a blinding disease largely caused by dysregulation of outflow through the trabecular meshwork (TM), resulting in elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). We hypothesized that transplanting TM cells into a decellularized, tissue-engineered anterior segment eye culture could restore the outflow structure and function. METHODS Porcine eyes were decellularized with freeze-thaw cycles and perfusion of surfactant. We seeded control scaffolds with CrFK cells transduced with lentiviral vectors to stably express eGFP and compared them to scaffolds seeded with primary TM cells as well as to normal, unaltered eyes. We tracked the repopulation behavior, performed IOP maintenance challenges, and analyzed the histology. RESULTS Transplanted cells localized to the TM and progressively infiltrated the extracellular matrix, reaching a distribution comparable to normal, unaltered eyes. After a perfusion rate challenge to mimic a glaucomatous pressure elevation, transplanted and normal eyes reestablished a normal intraocular pressure (transplanted = 16.5 ± 0.9 mmHg, normal = 16.9 ± 0.9). However, eyes reseeded with eGFP-expressing CrFK cells could not regulate IOP, remaining high and unstable (27.0 ± 6.2 mmHg) instead. CONCLUSION Tissue-engineered anterior segment scaffolds can serve as readily available, scalable ocular perfusion cultures. This could reduce dependency on scarce donor globes in outflow research and may allow engineering perfusion cultures with specific geno- and phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ralitsa Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. .,Artemis Eye Centers of Frankfurt, Hanauer Landstr. 147-149, 60314, Frankfurt, Germany.
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9
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Meyer E, Kruglov D, Krivic M, Tanveer M, Argaez-Ramirez R, Zhang Y, Briseno Ojeda A, Smirnova K, Alekseev K, Safari Mugisho M, Cimbili B, Farid N, Dang Y, Shahid M, Ensan M, Banar J, Bao H, Matters-Kammerer M, Gustavsson U, Demuynck F, Zwick T, Acar M, Fager C, van der Heijden M, Ivashina M, Caratelli D, Hasselblad M, Ulusoy C, Smolders A, Eriksson K, Johannson M, Maaskant R, Quay R, Floriot D, Bao M, Bronckers L, Fridén J, van Beurden M, de Hon B, Kolitsidas C, Blanco D, Willems F, Eriksson T, Filippi A, Ponzini F, Johannsen U. The state of the art in beyond 5G distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output communication system solutions. Open Res Eur 2022; 2:106. [PMID: 37982077 PMCID: PMC10654493 DOI: 10.12688/openreseurope.14501.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Beyond fifth generation (5G) communication systems aim towards data rates in the tera bits per second range, with improved and flexible coverage options, introducing many new technological challenges in the fields of network architecture, signal pro- cessing, and radio frequency front-ends. One option is to move towards cell-free, or distributed massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) network architectures and highly integrated front-end solutions. This paper presents an outlook on be- yond 5G distributed massive MIMO communication systems, the signal processing, characterisation and simulation challenges, and an overview of the state of the art in millimetre wave antennas and electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Meyer
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - D. Kruglov
- Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M. Krivic
- Keysight Technologies, Kortrijksesteenweg 1093B, 9051 Gent, Belgium
| | - M. Tanveer
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - R. Argaez-Ramirez
- Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Y. Zhang
- Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - K. Smirnova
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 6131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - K. Alekseev
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M. Safari Mugisho
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics, IAF, Tullastraße 72, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - B. Cimbili
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics, IAF, Tullastraße 72, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - N. Farid
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Y. Dang
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M. Shahid
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M. Ensan
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J. Banar
- Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - H. Bao
- Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M. Matters-Kammerer
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - U. Gustavsson
- Ericsson AB, Lindholmspiren 11, 417 56 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - F. Demuynck
- Keysight Technologies, Kortrijksesteenweg 1093B, 9051 Gent, Belgium
| | - T. Zwick
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 6131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M. Acar
- NXP Semiconductors, High Tech Campus 60, 5656 AG Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - C. Fager
- Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M. van der Heijden
- NXP Semiconductors, High Tech Campus 60, 5656 AG Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M. Ivashina
- Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - D. Caratelli
- The Antenna Company, High Tech Campus 29, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - M. Hasselblad
- Gapwaves, Nellickevagen 22, 412 63 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C. Ulusoy
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 6131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A.B. Smolders
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - K. Eriksson
- Ericsson AB, Lindholmspiren 11, 417 56 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M. Johannson
- Ericsson AB, Lindholmspiren 11, 417 56 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - R. Maaskant
- Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - R. Quay
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics, IAF, Tullastraße 72, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - D. Floriot
- United Monolithic Semiconductors SAS, Bâtiment Charmille, Mosaic parc de Courtaboeuf, 10 avenue du Québec, 91140, Villebon-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M. Bao
- Ericsson AB, Lindholmspiren 11, 417 56 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - L.A. Bronckers
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - J. Fridén
- Ericsson AB, Lindholmspiren 11, 417 56 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - M.C. van Beurden
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - B.P. de Hon
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - C. Kolitsidas
- Ericsson AB, Lindholmspiren 11, 417 56 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - D. Blanco
- Ericsson AB, Lindholmspiren 11, 417 56 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - F.M.J. Willems
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - T. Eriksson
- Chalmers University of Technology, Chalmersplatsen 4, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - A. Filippi
- NXP Semiconductors, High Tech Campus 60, 5656 AG Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - F. Ponzini
- Ericsson Telecomunicazioni SpA, Via Anagnina 203, 00118 Rome, Italy
| | - U. Johannsen
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612 AZ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Wang J, Li M, Geng Z, Khattak S, Ji X, Wu D, Dang Y. Role of Oxidative Stress in Retinal Disease and the Early Intervention Strategies: A Review. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022; 2022:7836828. [PMID: 36275903 PMCID: PMC9586758 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7836828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The retina, owing to its cellular anatomy and physical location, is susceptible to generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are associated with several major retinal diseases. When ROS exceeds the body's natural antioxidants, the retina is in a state of oxidative stress, which is recognized as the pathogenesis of retinal diseases. The early stage of the pathogenic process is an adaptive change in which oxidative stress and endogenous defense mechanisms occur. If no treatment is applied, the retinal diseases will progress to the pathological stage with neuronal and vascular dysfunction or damage and even blindness. This review summarizes the role of oxidative stress in several common retinal diseases, including retinitis pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and retinopathy of prematurity. In addition, we discuss the early intervention strategies for these diseases. An outline is provided to identify potential intervention targets for further research. Early intervention for retinal diseases is necessary and urgent and may offer hope to improve patients' quality of life through functional vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengling Li
- College of Acu-Moxibustion and Massage, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Ziyue Geng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China
| | - Saadullah Khattak
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xinying Ji
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Dongdong Wu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory for Nuclear Protein Regulation, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
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11
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Dang Y, van Heusden C, Gentzsch M, Steward I, Hickey A, Ni A, Rudolph J, Kreda S. 598: Correction of CF splicing mutations with oligonucleotides. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)02021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Wang S, Cheng M, Zhou L, Dai Y, Dang Y, Ji X. QSPR modelling for intrinsic viscosity in polymer-solvent combinations based on density functional theory. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2021; 32:379-393. [PMID: 33823697 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2021.1902387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Linear and nonlinear quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models were developed based on a dataset with 65 polymer-solvent combinations. Seven quantum chemical descriptors, dipole moment, hardness, chemical potential, electrophilicity index, total energy, HOMO and LUMO orbital energies, were calculated with density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-31 G(d) level for polymers and solvents. Considering the strong correlation between intrinsic viscosity and weight, size, shape as well as topological structure of polymers and solvents, topological descriptors were also applied in this work. Meanwhile, the most appropriate polymer structure representation was investigated by considering 1-5 monomeric repeating units. The molecular descriptors were first screened by using the genetic algorithms-multiple linear regression (GA-MLR), with coefficient of determinations (r2) of 0.78 and 0.83 for the training set and the prediction set, respectively. The support vector machine model (SVM) model based on the selected descriptors subset showed a r2 value of 0.95 for the training set and 0.93 for the prediction set. All statistical results suggest that the established QSPR models have good predictability. Furthermore, a new test set obtained from the literature was used for further validation. The r2 values were 0.81 for the MLR model and 0.90 for the SVM model.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - M Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - L Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Y Dai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Y Dang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - X Ji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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13
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Wang X, Li X, Liu X, Yin Y, Dang Y, Lei F. Giant Intracranial Xanthoma with Cloudy Vision as the First Symptom: A Case Report and Literature Review. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:1101-1105. [PMID: 33790639 PMCID: PMC8006969 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s290893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A 31-year-old male with mild dizziness complained of cloudy vision in his right eye for 5 days. The visual acuity of both eyes was normal, while the visual contrast sensitivity of both eyes slightly reduced. Fundus examination showed the swollen and radial superficial hemorrhage of his both optic nerves. Brain MRI scan indicated a huge tumor in the right temporal lobe with clear boundary, close to the skull. The midline structure shifted to the left. Blood tests indicated no hyperlipidemia or lipid disorders. The patient then received tumor resection. The size of the tumor was 5.6 cm × 7.5 cm × 10.1 cm. Histology suggested many foam cell accumulations and the tumor was positive for CD34, CD99, Vimentin, β-Catenin and CD68, but negative for EMA, GFAP, IDH-1, Oliga-2, PR, S-100, and CD1a. Three months after surgery, MRI showed the midline structure was back to normal. The swollen and radial superficial hemorrhage of optic nerves had disappeared. The visual acuity and visual field remained normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, People's Republic of China.,Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, Henan, 472000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, Henan, 472000, People's Republic of China
| | - XuHui Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yizhe Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, Henan, 472000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Henan University of Science and Technology School of Medicine, Luoyang, Henan, 471000, People's Republic of China
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14
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Abstract
Abstract
This paper describes the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology to simulate the boiling flow in a typical Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) 5 ⨯ 5 rod bundle. The method includes the Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model coupled with the improved wall heat partitioning model. The NUPEC PWR Subchannel and Bundle Test (PSBT) International Benchmark are used for validation. The simulated surface averaged void fraction agree well with the experimental data, which indicate the promising application of the present method for modeling the boiling flow in the fuel rod bundle. The main emphasis of current research has been given to the analysis of the phase distribution around and downstream the spacer grid, the effect of the spacer grid structure, including the mixing vanes, the springs and the dimples on the void fraction distribution is investigated. The findings can contribute to a better understanding of three dimensional flow boiling characteristics and can be used to assist in optimizing the spacer grid.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Ren
- Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd . No. 29 Hongcao Road Shanghai 200233 China
| | - Y. Dang
- Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd . No. 29 Hongcao Road Shanghai 200233 China
| | - F. J. Gan
- Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd . No. 29 Hongcao Road Shanghai 200233 China
| | - P. Yang
- Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute Co., Ltd . No. 29 Hongcao Road Shanghai 200233 China
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Li ZY, Wang XL, Dang Y, Zhu XZ, Zhang YH, Cai BX, Zheng L. Long non-coding RNA UCA1 promotes the progression of paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer by regulating the miR-654-5p/SIK2 axis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 24:591-603. [PMID: 32016960 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202001_20035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian cancer (OC) is a common tumor in women, and the development of chemoresistance is the major obstacle to its treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) have been linked to chemoresistance in many cancers. However, the function of lncRNA urothelial carcinoma associated1 (UCA1) in paclitaxel (PTX) resistance of OC is not well elucidated. PATIENTS AND METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of UCA1, microRNA-654-5p (miR-654-5p) and salt inducible kinase 2 (SIK2). Cell PTX resistance and proliferation were evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2 thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The abilities of apoptosis, migration and invasion were measured by Flow cytometry and Transwell assays, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the interaction among UCA1, miR-654-5p and SIK2. Besides, Western blot analysis was performed to assess the protein level of SIK2. RESULTS UCA1 was markedly upregulated in OC tissues and PTX-resistant OC cells. Silencing of UCA1 restrained the PTX resistance, reduced the proliferation, migration, invasion and enhanced the apoptosis of PTX-resistant OC cells. MiR-654-5p could be sponged by UCA1, and the inhibitory effect of its overexpression on the progression of PTX-resistant OC cells could be reversed by overexpressed-UCA1. Moreover, SIK2 was a target of miR-654-5p. Silencing of SIK2 could hinder the PTX resistance and suppress the progression of PTX-resistant OC cells, while miR-654-5p inhibitor could invert this inhibitory effect. Also, the expression of SIK2 was regulated by miR-654-5p and UCA1 expression. CONCLUSIONS LncRNA UCA1 plays an active role in PTX resistance of OC and is crucial to maintain the development of PTX resistance in OC, which provides a new therapeutic target for the study of OC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-Y Li
- Department of Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital, Qilihe, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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Luo L, Dang Y, Shi Y, Zhao P, Zhang Y, Zhang K. 64 SIN3 transcription regulator family member A regulates porcine early embryonic development by modulating CCNB1 expression. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv33n2ab64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SIN3 transcription regulator family member A (SIN3A) is the central scaffold protein of the SIN3/HDAC (histone deacetylase) transcriptional repressor complex. We previously found that SIN3A participates in the mouse pre-implantation development by finetuning HDAC1 expression. However, it remains unresolved whether this functional significance of SIN3A is conserved in other mammals. The objective of this work was thus to characterise the expression profiles and the functional role of SIN3A in pre-implantation development using non-rodent animal models. RNA sequencing results show that a large amount of SIN3A mRNA is present in oocytes and early embryos before embryonic genome activation and a low amount thereafter, suggesting a maternal origin of SIN3A in all species examined. Interestingly, immunofluorescence data show that SIN3A protein level peaks at the 4-cell stage in pigs compared with the morula stage in cattle, suggesting a differential role of SIN3A among species. To explore the function of SIN3A in early embryonic development, we used a short interfering (si)RNA-mediated knockdown approach in porcine parthenogenetic activated (PA) embryos. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that SIN3A levels were diminished ∼80% compared with nonspecific siRNA (NC) injected control (n=3). To monitor the developmental potential of embryo depleted of SIN3A, we injected SIN3A-siRNA into MII stage oocytes, followed by parthenogenetic activation, and percent cleavage and blastocyst formation were recorded. We found that SIN3A knockdown (KD) did not affect the cleavage rate (NC vs. KD, 83.63±3.63% vs. 80.08±4.66%, n=5), but significantly reduced blastocyst rate compared with the NC group (NC vs. KD, 36.64±4.28% vs. 6.33±3.12%, n=5). Specifically, SIN3A depletion in early embryos causes developmental arrest at 2-cell stage in pigs but does not affect early embryonic development in bovines. In contrast with mouse data, SIN3A depletion results in only a slight decrease and even no difference in HDAC1 expression in porcine and bovine early embryos, respectively. In addition, HDAC1 knockdown does not cause 2-cell block but leads to a reduced blastocyst rate, suggesting that the effect of SIN3A depletion on porcine early embryos is independent of HDAC1. RNA-Seq analysis was used to compare the global transcript content between NC and KD 2-cell embryos. A total of 23 genes (14 upregulated and 9 downregulated) had undergone significant changes. Interestingly, cyclin B1 (CCNB1) ranked second among downregulated genes. To test whether knockdown of CCNB1 would display a similar phenotype in porcine early embryos, we injected CCNB1-siRNA into pronuclear stage. CCNB1 KD resulted in a similar phenotype as SIN3A depletion. Injection of exogenous CCNB1 mRNA into SIN3A-depleted embryos could partly rescue embryonic development. In conclusion, our results indicate SIN3A plays an essential role in porcine early embryonic development, probably involving the regulation of CCNB1 expression.
This work was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation.
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17
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Wang C, Dang Y, Waxman S, Hong Y, Shah P, Loewen RT, Xia X, Loewen NA. Ripasudil in a Model of Pigmentary Glaucoma. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:27. [PMID: 33024620 PMCID: PMC7521183 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.10.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the effects of Ripasudil (K-115), a Rho-kinase inhibitor, in a porcine model of pigmentary glaucoma. Methods In vitro trabecular meshwork (TM) cells and ex vivo perfused eyes were subjected to pigment dispersion followed by K-115 treatment (PK115). PK115 was compared to controls (C) and pigment (P). Cytoskeletal alterations were assessed by F-actin labeling. TM cell phagocytosis of fluorescent targets was evaluated by flow cytometry. Cell migration was studied with a wound-healing assay. Intraocular pressure was continuously monitored and compared to after the establishment of the pigmentary glaucoma model and after treatment with K-115. Results The percentage of cells with stress fibers increased in response to pigment but declined sharply after treatment with K-115 (P: 32.8% ± 2.9%; PK115: 11.6% ± 3.3%, P < 0.001). Phagocytosis first declined but recovered after K-115 (P: 25.7% ± 2.1%, PK115: 33.4% ± 0.8%, P <0.01). Migration recuperated at 12 hours with K-115 treatment (P: 19.1 ± 4.6 cells/high-power field, PK115: 42.5 ± 1.6 cells/high-power field, P < 0.001). Ex vivo, eyes became hypertensive from pigment dispersion but were normotensive after treatment with K-115 (P: 20.3 ± 1.2 mm Hg, PK115: 8.9 ± 1.7 mm Hg; P < 0.005). Conclusions In vitro, K-115 reduced TM stress fibers, restored phagocytosis, and restored migration of TM cells. Ex vivo, K-115 normalized intraocular pressure. Translational Relevance This ex vivo pigmentary glaucoma model provides a readily available basis to investigate new drugs such as the rho-kinase inhibitor studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- University of Würzburg, Department of Ophthalmology, Würzburg, Germany.,University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- University of Würzburg, Department of Ophthalmology, Würzburg, Germany.,University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Sanmenxia, Henan, China
| | - Susannah Waxman
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ying Hong
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Priyal Shah
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- University of Würzburg, Department of Ophthalmology, Würzburg, Germany.,University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Nils A Loewen
- University of Würzburg, Department of Ophthalmology, Würzburg, Germany.,University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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18
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Wang C, Dang Y, Shah P, Esfandiari H, Hong Y, Loewen RT, Waxman S, Atta S, Xia X, Loewen NA. Intraocular pressure reduction in a pigmentary glaucoma model by Goniotome Ab interno trabeculectomy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231360. [PMID: 32298335 PMCID: PMC7162452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether microsurgical excision of trabecular meshwork (TM) in an ex vivo pigmentary glaucoma model can normalize the hypertensive phenotype. METHODS Eight eyes of a porcine pigmentary glaucoma model underwent 90° of microsurgical TM excision with an aspirating dual-blade (Goniotome (G)). 24 hours later, additional 90° of TM were removed. Anterior segments with sham surgeries served as the control (C). Outflow facility and intraocular pressure (IOP) were analyzed. Histology with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) was obtained. RESULTS After the first 90° TM excision, IOP was significantly lower in G (10.2±2.4 mmHg, n = 7) than C (20.0±2.0mmHg, n = 8, P<0.01). Outflow facility in G (0.38±0.07 μl/min/mmHg) was higher than C (0.16±0.02 μl/min/mmHg, P<0.01). After the second 90° TM excision, IOP in G (6.46±0.81 mmHg, n = 7) was significantly lower than C (20.3±1.7 mmHg, n = 8, P<0.001), while the outflow facility in G (0.50±0.05 μl/min/mmHg, n = 7) was higher than C (0.16±0.01 μl/min/mmHg, n = 8, P<0.001). Compared to the first excision, excision of an additional 90° did not change of IOP (P = 0.20) or outflow facility (P = 0.17) further. CONCLUSIONS Excision of 90° of TM in a pigmentary glaucoma model using an aspirating dual-blade decreased IOP and increased outflow facility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Priyal Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Hamed Esfandiari
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ying Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ralitsa T. Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Sarah Atta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Nils A. Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Heslop KA, Rovini A, Hunt EG, Fang D, Morris ME, Christie CF, Gooz MB, DeHart DN, Dang Y, Lemasters JJ, Maldonado EN. JNK activation and translocation to mitochondria mediates mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death induced by VDAC opening and sorafenib in hepatocarcinoma cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 171:113728. [PMID: 31759978 PMCID: PMC7309270 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The multikinase inhibitor sorafenib, and opening of voltage dependent anion channels (VDAC) by the erastin-like compound X1 promotes oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocarcinoma cells. Here, we hypothesized that X1 and sorafenib induce mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and activating c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), leading to translocation of activated JNK to mitochondria. Both X1 and sorafenib increased production of ROS and activated JNK. X1 and sorafenib caused a drop in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ), a readout of mitochondrial metabolism, after 60 min. Mitochondrial depolarization after X1 and sorafenib occurred in parallel with JNK activation, increased superoxide (O2•-) production, decreased basal and oligomycin sensitive respiration, and decreased maximal respiratory capacity. Increased production of O2•- after X1 or sorafenib was abrogated by JNK inhibition and antioxidants. S3QEL 2, a specific inhibitor of site IIIQo, at Complex III, prevented depolarization induced by X1. JNK inhibition by JNK inhibitors VIII and SP600125 also prevented mitochondrial depolarization. After X1, activated JNK translocated to mitochondria as assessed by proximity ligation assays. Tat-Sab KIM1, a peptide selectively preventing the binding of JNK to the outer mitochondrial membrane protein Sab, blocked the depolarization induced by X1 and sorafenib. X1 promoted cell death mostly by necroptosis that was partially prevented by JNK inhibition. These results indicate that JNK activation and translocation to mitochondria is a common mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction induced by both VDAC opening and sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Heslop
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - A Rovini
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - E G Hunt
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - D Fang
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - M E Morris
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - C F Christie
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - M B Gooz
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - D N DeHart
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Y Dang
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - J J Lemasters
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - E N Maldonado
- Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States; Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.
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Song Y, Dang Y, Dang LL, Zhao C, Zheng J, Feng J, Ruan LT. Association between intraplaque neovascularization assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound and the risk of stroke. Clin Radiol 2019; 75:70-75. [PMID: 31629485 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the cut-off value of the area ratio under the curve (ARUC) for predicting symptoms of stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS Contrast-enhanced ultrasound was used to analyse intraplaque neovascularization (IPN). The correlations between the ARUC and risk factors of stroke were examined. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the cut-off value of the ARUC. RESULTS Using a quantitative analysis method for IPN, the ARUC was significantly higher in the symptomatic group than in the asymptomatic group (p=0.017). The ARUC was positively associated with the homocysteine level (r=0.429, p=0.002) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level (r=0.424, p=0.003). Regression analysis showed that the ARUC was a risk factor for symptoms of stroke. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that the cut-off value for symptoms was 0.24; the sensitivity was 77%, and the specificity was 70%; the positive predictive value was 68%, and the negative predictive value was 78%. CONCLUSION IPN was a risk factor for the occurrence of the clinical symptoms of stroke. Patients with an ARUC of >0.24 had a higher risk of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Song
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Y Dang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - L L Dang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - C Zhao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - J Zheng
- The Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - J Feng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| | - L T Ruan
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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Waxman S, Wang C, Dang Y, Hong Y, Esfandiari H, Shah P, Lathrop KL, Loewen RT, Loewen NA. Structure-Function Changes of the Porcine Distal Outflow Tract in Response to Nitric Oxide. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:4886-4895. [PMID: 30347083 PMCID: PMC6181305 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-24943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To correlate outflow function and outflow tract vessel diameter changes induced by nitric oxide (NO). Methods In a porcine anterior segment perfusion model, the effects of a nitric oxide donor (100 μM DETA-NO) on outflow facility were compared with controls (n = 8 per group) with trabecular meshwork (TM) and after circumferential ab interno trabeculectomy (AIT). Outflow structures were assessed with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) before and after NO, or an NO synthase inhibitor (100 μM L-NAME) and the vasoconstrictor, endothelin-1 (100 pg/mL ET-1). Scans were processed with a custom macroscript and aligned for automated reslicing and quantification of cross-sectional outflow tract areas (CSA). Results The facility increased after DETA-NO (Δ of 0.189 ± 0.081 μL/min·mm Hg, P = 0.034) and AIT (Δ of 0.251 ± 0.094 μL/min·mm Hg, P = 0.009), respectively. Even after AIT, DETA-NO increased the facility by 61.5% (Δ of 0.190 ± 0.074 μL/min·mm Hg, P = 0.023) and CSA by 13.9% (P < 0.001). L-NAME + ET-1 decreased CSA by -8.6% (P < 0.001). NO increased the diameter of focal constrictions 5.0 ± 3.8-fold. Conclusions NO can dilate vessels of the distal outflow tract and increase outflow facility in a TM-independent fashion. There are short, focally constricting vessel sections that display large diameter changes and may have a substantial impact on outflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ying Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hamed Esfandiari
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Priyal Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Kira L Lathrop
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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Waxman S, Loewen RT, Dang Y, Watkins SC, Watson AM, Loewen NA. High-Resolution, Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of the Outflow Tract Demonstrates Segmental Differences in Cleared Eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 59:2371-2380. [PMID: 29847643 PMCID: PMC5939687 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-23075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The rate of conventional aqueous humor outflow is the highest nasally. We hypothesized that this is reflected in regionally different outflow structures and analyzed the entire limbus by high-resolution, full-thickness ribbon-scanning confocal microscopy (RSCM). Methods We perfused pig eyes by anterior chamber cannulation with eight lectin-fluorophore conjugates, followed by optical clearance with benzyl alcohol benzyl benzoate (BABB). RSCM and advanced analysis software (Imaris) were used to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D), whole-specimen rendering of the perilimbal outflow structures. We performed morphometric analyses of the outflow tract from the level of the trabecular meshwork (TM) to the scleral vascular plexus (SVP). Results Except for pigmented structures, BABB cleared the entire eye. Rhodamine-conjugated Glycine max agglutinin (soybean [SBA]) labeled the outflow tract evenly and retained fluorescence for months. RSCM produced terabyte-sized files allowing for in silico dissection of outflow tract vessels at a high resolution and in 3D. Networks of interconnected lumens were traced from the TM to downstream drainage structures. The collector channel (CC) volumes were 10 times smaller than the receiving SVP vessels, the largest of which were in the inferior limbus. Proximal CC diameters were up to four times the size of distal diameters and more elliptical at their proximal ends. The largest CCs were found in the superonasal and inferonasal quadrants where the highest outflow occurs. Conclusion RSCM of cleared eyes enabled high-resolution, volumetric analysis of the outflow tract. The proximal structures had greater diameters nasally, whereas the SVP was larger in the inferior limbus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Center for Biologic Imaging and the Department of Cellular Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Alan M Watson
- Center for Biologic Imaging and the Department of Cellular Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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Shang J, Ruan LT, Wang YY, Zhang XJ, Dang Y, Liu B, Wang WL, Song Y, Chang SJ. Utilizing size-based thresholds of stiffness gradient to reclassify BI-RADS category 3-4b lesions increases diagnostic performance. Clin Radiol 2019; 74:306-313. [PMID: 30755314 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the role of utilizing size-based thresholds of stiffness gradient in diagnosing solid breast lesions and optimizing original Breast Imaging-Reporting And Data System (BI-RADS) classifications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two-hundred and twenty-seven consecutive women underwent shear-wave elastography (SWE) before ultrasound-guided biopsy, and 234 solid breast lesions categorized as BI-RADS 3-5 were analysed. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed based on histopathology. Diagnostic performance among SWE, BI-RADS, and their combination were compared. RESULTS The stiffness gradient correlated with the standard deviation of elasticity (SD, r=0.90), and with Tozaki's pattern classification (r=0.64). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for stiffness gradient (0.939) outperformed SD (0.897) or colour pattern (0.852). Due to significant association with lesion size (r=0.394, p<0.001), stiffness gradient's size-based thresholds (lesions >15 mm: 82.5 kPa; lesions ≤15 mm: 51.1 kPa) were established to reclassify BI-RADS 3-4b lesions. Upgrading category 3 lesions (over the corresponding cut-off value, 3 to 4a) and downgrading categories 4a-4b lesions (less than or equal to the corresponding cut-off value, 4b to 4a, 4a to 3), yielded significant improvement in specificity (90.28% versus 77.78%, p<0.001) and AUC (0.948 versus 0.926, p=0.035) than BI-RADS alone. No significant loss emerged in the sensitivity (88.89% versus 91.11%, p=0.500). CONCLUSION Stiffness gradient exhibited better discriminatory ability than SD or four-colour pattern classification in determining solid breast lesions and applying its size-specific thresholds to categorize BI-RADS 3-4b lesions could improve diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - L-T Ruan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China.
| | - Y-Y Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - X-J Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Y Dang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Shaanxi Province People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - W-L Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Xi'an NO.3 Hospital, Xi'an 710018, China
| | - Y Song
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - S-J Chang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
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Dang Y, Wang C, Shah P, Waxman S, Loewen RT, Loewen NA. RKI-1447, a Rho kinase inhibitor, causes ocular hypotension, actin stress fiber disruption, and increased phagocytosis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 257:101-109. [PMID: 30456419 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-4175-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the hypotensive effect of RKI-1447, a Rho kinase inhibitor, in a porcine ex vivo pigmentary glaucoma model. METHODS Twenty-eight porcine anterior chambers were perfused with medium supplemented with 1.67 × 107 pigment particles/ml for 48 h before treatment with RKI-1447 (n = 16) or vehicle control (n = 12). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was recorded and outflow facility was calculated. Primary trabecular meshwork cells were exposed to RKI-1447 or vehicle control; effects on the cytoskeleton, motility, and phagocytosis were evaluated. RESULT Compared to baseline, the perfusion of pigment caused a significant increase in IOP in the RKI-1447 group (P = 0.003) at 48 h. Subsequent treatment with RKI-1447 significantly reduced IOP from 20.14 ± 2.59 to 13.38 ± 0.91 mmHg (P = 0.02). Pigment perfusion reduced the outflow facility from 0.27 ± 0.03 at baseline to 0.18 ± 0.02 at 48 h (P < 0.001). This was partially reversed with RKI-1447. RKI-1447 caused no apparent histological changes in the micro- or macroscopic TM appearance. RKI-1447-treated primary TM cells showed significant disruption of the actin cytoskeleton both in the presence and absence of pigment (P < 0.001) but no effect on TM migration was observed. Pigment-treated TM cells exhibited a reduction in TM phagocytosis, which RKI-1447 reversed. CONCLUSION RKI-1447 significantly reduces IOP by disrupting TM stress fibers and increasing TM phagocytosis. These features may make it useful for the treatment of secondary glaucomas with an increased phagocytic load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Priyal Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Han W, Zhu Y, Chen B, Liu S, Dang Y. 7,8,3′-Trihydroxyflavone ameliorate oxidative stress in vivo and promotes neurite regeneration in vitro in rat retinal ganglion cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 833:283-289. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dang Y, Wang C, Shah P, Waxman S, Loewen RT, Hong Y, Esfandiari H, Loewen NA. Outflow enhancement by three different ab interno trabeculectomy procedures in a porcine anterior segment model. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018; 256:1305-1312. [PMID: 29721662 PMCID: PMC7804591 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-018-3990-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate three different microincisional ab interno trabeculectomy procedures in a porcine eye perfusion model. METHODS In perfused porcine anterior segments, 90° of trabecular meshwork (TM) was ablated using the Trabectome (T; n = 8), Goniotome (G; n = 8), or Kahook device (K; n = 8). After 24 h, additional 90° of TM was removed. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and outflow facility were measured at 5 and 10 μl/min perfusion to simulate an elevated IOP. Structure and function were assessed with canalograms and histology. RESULTS At 5 μl/min infusion rate, T resulted in a greater IOP reduction than G or K from baseline (76.12% decrease versus 48.19% and 47.96%, P = 0.013). IOP reduction between G and K was similar (P = 0.420). Removing another 90° of TM caused an additional IOP reduction only in T and G but not in K. Similarly, T resulted in the largest increase in outflow facility at 5 μl/min compared with G and K (first ablation, 3.41 times increase versus 1.95 and 1.87; second ablation, 4.60 versus 2.50 and 1.74) with similar results at 10 μl/min (first ablation, 3.28 versus 2.29 and 1.90 (P = 0.001); second ablation, 4.10 versus 3.01 and 2.01 (P = 0.001)). Canalograms indicated circumferential flow beyond the ablation endpoints. CONCLUSIONS T, G, and K significantly increased the outflow facility. In this model, T had a larger effect than G and K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Priyal Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ying Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Hamed Esfandiari
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop St, Suite 819, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Dang Y, Zou G, Ling L. 6.3-O2Health status and predictors among workers in small and medium-sized enterprises in Guangdong, China: a cross-sectional mixed study. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky047.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Dang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, China
- Sun Yat-sen Centre for Migrant Health Policy (CMHP), China
| | - G Zou
- Institute for International Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, United Kingdom
| | - L Ling
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, China
- Sun Yat-sen Centre for Migrant Health Policy (CMHP), China
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Dang Y, Zou G, Ling L. 7.5-O8Migration pattern and health service seeking behaviour among workers in small and medium-sized enterprises in Guangdong, China: a cross-sectional survey. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky047.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Y Dang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, China
- Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - G Zou
- Institute for International Health and Development, Queen Margaret University, United Kingdom
| | - L Ling
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, China
- Sun Yat-sen Center for Migrant Health Policy, Sun Yat-sen University, China
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Wang F, Dang Y, Wang J, Zhou T, Zhu Y. Gypenosides attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced optic neuritis in rats. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:340-346. [PMID: 29559175 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of gypenosides (GPs) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced optic neuritis rats. METHODS Optic neuritis was induced by a single microinjection of LPS into the optic nerve of Sprague Dawley rats. GPs (400 mg/kg) was administrated by gavage for 21 days. The optic nerve structure changes and demyelination were observed after hematoxylin & eosin and Luxol-fast blue staining. Apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) was evaluated using Brn3a-TUNEL double staining. Expression of CD68 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected using immunofluorescence staining. The mRNA levels of inflammatory factors were measured using quantitative real-time PCR. The protein expression levels in the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways were detected using Western blot. RESULTS GPs treatment prevented the optic nerve structure changes and demyelination in the rats with optic neuritis. GPs treatment downregulated LPS-induced overexpressions of CD68, GFAP and pro-inflammatory factors. GPs treatment inhibited STAT1 and 3 phosphorylation and NF-κB nuclear translocation in the optic nerve and retina of rats with optic neuritis. CONCLUSION GPs attenuate LPS-induced inflammation, demyelination and optic nerve damage which may be associated with the inhibition of the NF-κB and STAT pathways.
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Abstract
Pigment dispersion can lead to pigmentary glaucoma, a poorly understood condition of younger myopic eyes with fluctuating high intraocular pressure. It has been difficult to investigate its pathogenesis without a model similar to human eyes in size and behavior. Here we present a porcine ex vivo model that recreates several features of pigmentary glaucoma, including intraocular hypertension, accumulation of pigment in the trabecular meshwork, and declining phagocytosis. We found that trabecular meshwork cells regulate outflow, form actin stress fibers, and have a decreased phagocytic activity. Gene expression microarrays and a pathway analysis of TM monolayers as well as ex vivo anterior segment perfusion cultures indicated that RhoA plays a central role in regulating the cytoskeleton, motility, and phagocytosis in the trabecular meshwork, providing new insights and targets to investigate in pigmentary glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, United States of America.
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Dang Y, Waxman S, Wang C, Shah P, Loewen RT, Loewen NA. Intraocular pressure elevation precedes a phagocytosis decline in a model of pigmentary glaucoma. F1000Res 2018; 7:174. [DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13797.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Outflow regulation and phagocytosis are key functions of the trabecular meshwork (TM), but it is not clear how the two are related in secondary open angle glaucomas characterized by an increased particle load. We hypothesized that diminished TM phagocytosis is not the primary cause of early ocular hypertension and recreated pigment dispersion in a porcine ex vivo model. Methods: Sixteen porcine anterior chamber cultures received a continuous infusion of pigment granules (Pg), while 16 additional anterior chambers served as controls (C). Pressure transducers recorded the intraocular pressure (IOP). The phagocytic capacity of the trabecular meshwork was determined by fluorescent microspheres. Results: The baseline IOPs in Pg and C were similar (P=0.82). A significant IOP elevation occurred in Pg at 48, 120, and 180 hours (all P<0.01, compared to baseline). The pigment did not cause a reduction in TM phagocytosis at 48 hours, when the earliest IOP elevation occurred, but at 120 hours onward (P=0.001 compared to C). This reduction did not result in an additional IOP increase at 120 or 180 hours compared to the first IOP elevation at 48 hours (P>0.05). Conclusions: In this porcine model of pigmentary glaucoma, an IOP elevation occurs much earlier than when phagocytosis fails, suggesting that two separate mechanisms might be at work.
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Abstract
Background: Outflow regulation and phagocytosis are key functions of the trabecular meshwork (TM), but it is not clear how the two are related in secondary open angle glaucomas characterized by an increased particle load. We hypothesized that diminished TM phagocytosis is not the primary cause of early ocular hypertension and recreated pigment dispersion in a porcine
ex vivo model. Methods: Sixteen porcine anterior chamber cultures received a continuous infusion of pigment granules (Pg), while 16 additional anterior chambers served as controls (C). Pressure transducers recorded the intraocular pressure (IOP). The phagocytic capacity of the trabecular meshwork was determined by fluorescent microspheres. Results: The baseline IOPs in Pg and C were similar (
P=0.82). A significant IOP elevation occurred in Pg at 48, 120, and 180 hours (all
P<0.01, compared to baseline). The pigment did not cause a reduction in TM phagocytosis at 48 hours when the earliest IOP elevation occurred, but at 120 hours onward (
P=0.001 compared to C). This reduction did not result in an additional IOP increase at 120 or 180 hours compared to the first IOP elevation at 48 hours (
P>0.05). Conclusions: In this porcine model of pigmentary glaucoma, an IOP elevation occurs much earlier than when phagocytosis fails, suggesting that two separate mechanisms might be at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Priyal Shah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Dang Y, Waxman S, Wang C, Jensen A, Loewen RT, Bilonick RA, Loewen NA. Freeze-thaw decellularization of the trabecular meshwork in an ex vivo eye perfusion model. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3629. [PMID: 28828244 PMCID: PMC5560227 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The trabecular meshwork (TM) is the primary substrate of outflow resistance in glaucomatous eyes. Repopulating diseased TM with fresh, functional TM cells might be a viable therapeutic approach. Decellularized TM scaffolds have previously been produced by ablating cells with suicide gene therapy or saponin, which risks incomplete cell removal or dissolution of the extracellular matrix, respectively. We hypothesized that improved trabecular meshwork cell ablation would result from freeze-thaw cycles compared to chemical treatment. Materials and Methods We obtained 24 porcine eyes from a local abattoir, dissected and mounted them in an anterior segment perfusion within two hours of sacrifice. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was recorded continuously by a pressure transducer system. After 72 h of IOP stabilization, eight eyes were assigned to freeze-thaw (F) ablation (−80 °C × 2), to 0.02% saponin (S) treatment, or the control group (C), respectively. The TM was transduced with an eGFP expressing feline immunodeficiency viral (FIV) vector and tracked via fluorescent microscopy to confirm ablation. Following treatment, the eyes were perfused with standard tissue culture media for 180 h. TM histology was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. TM viability was evaluated by a calcein AM/propidium iodide (PI) assay. The TM extracellular matrix was stained with Picro Sirius Red. We measured IOP and modeled it with a linear mixed effects model using a B-spline function of time with five degrees of freedom. Results F and S experienced a similar IOP reduction of 30% from baseline (P = 0.64). IOP reduction of about 30% occurred in F within 24 h and in S within 48 h. Live visualization of eGFP demonstrated that F conferred a complete ablation of all TM cells and only a partial ablation in S. Histological analysis and Picro Sirius staining confirmed that no TM cells survived in F while the extracellular matrix remained. The viability assay showed very low PI and no calcein staining in F in contrast to many PI-labeled, dead TM cells and calcein-labeled viable TM cells in S. Conclusion We developed a rapid TM ablation method that uses cyclic freezing that is free of biological or chemical agents and able to produce a decellularized TM scaffold with preserved TM extracellular matrix in an organotypic perfusion culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PAUnited States of America
| | - Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PAUnited States of America
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PAUnited States of America.,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Adrianna Jensen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PAUnited States of America
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PAUnited States of America
| | - Richard A Bilonick
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PAUnited States of America
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PAUnited States of America
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Wang C, Dang Y, Waxman S, Xia X, Weinreb RN, Loewen NA. Angle stability and outflow in dual blade ab interno trabeculectomy with active versus passive chamber management. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177238. [PMID: 28486513 PMCID: PMC5423641 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare intraoperative angle stability and postoperative outflow of two ab interno trabeculectomy devices that excise the trabecular meshwork with or without active aspiration and irrigation. We hypothesized that anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) allows for a quantitative comparison of intraoperative angle stability in a microincisional glaucoma surgery (MIGS) pig eye training model. Methods Twelve freshly enucleated porcine eyes were measured with AS-OCT at baseline, at the beginning of the procedure and at its conclusion to determine the anterior chamber depth (ACD) and the nasal angle α in degrees. The right and left eye of pairs were randomly assigned to an active dual blade goniectome (aDBG) and a passive dual blade goniectome (pDBG) group, respectively. The aDBG had irrigation and aspiration ports while the pDBG required surgery under viscoelastic. We performed the procedures using our MIGS training system with a standard, motorized ophthalmic operating microscope. We estimated outflow by obtaining canalograms with fluorescent spheres. Results In aDBG, the nasal angle remained wide open during the procedure at above 90° and did not change towards the end (100±10%, p = 0.9). In contrast, in pDBG, ACD decreased by 51±19% to 21% below baseline (p<0.01) while the angle progressively narrowed by 40±12% (p<0.001). Canalograms showed a similar extent of access to the outflow tract with the aDBG and the pDBG (p = 0.513). The average increase for the aDBG in the superonasal and inferonasal quadrants was between 27 to 31% and for the pDBG between 15 to 18%. Conclusion AS-OCT demonstrated that active irrigation and aspiration improved anterior chamber maintenance and ease of handling with the aDBG in this MIGS training model. The immediate postoperative outflow was equally good with both devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Robert N. Weinreb
- Shiley Eye Institute, Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Nils A. Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Dang Y, Waxman S, Wang C, Parikh HA, Bussel II, Loewen RT, Xia X, Lathrop KL, Bilonick RA, Loewen NA. Rapid learning curve assessment in an ex vivo training system for microincisional glaucoma surgery. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1605. [PMID: 28487512 PMCID: PMC5431621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01815-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing prevalence and cost of glaucoma have increased the demand for surgeons well trained in newer, microincisional surgery. These procedures occur in a highly confined space, making them difficult to learn by observation or assistance alone as is currently done. We hypothesized that our ex vivo outflow model is sensitive enough to allow computing individual learning curves to quantify progress and refine techniques. Seven trainees performed nine trabectome-mediated ab interno trabeculectomies in pig eyes (n = 63). An expert surgeon rated the procedure using an Operating Room Score (ORS). The extent of outflow beds accessed was measured with canalograms. Data was fitted using mixed effect models. ORS reached a half-maximum on an asymptote after only 2.5 eyes. Surgical time decreased by 1.4 minutes per eye in a linear fashion. The ablation arc followed an asymptotic function with a half-maximum inflection point after 5.3 eyes. Canalograms revealed that this progress did not correlate well with improvement in outflow, suggesting instead that about 30 eyes are needed for true mastery. This inexpensive pig eye model provides a safe and effective microsurgical training model and allows objective quantification of outcomes for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Susannah Waxman
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
- The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hardik A Parikh
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Igor I Bussel
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kira L Lathrop
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Richard A Bilonick
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.
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Roy P, Loewen RT, Dang Y, Parikh HA, Bussel II, Loewen NA. Stratification of phaco-trabectome surgery results using a glaucoma severity index in a retrospective analysis. BMC Ophthalmol 2017; 17:30. [PMID: 28327135 PMCID: PMC5360039 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-017-0421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To stratify the outcomes of phacoemulsification combined with trabectome surgery using a new glaucoma severity index. Methods This is a retrospective, observational cohort study that included open angle glaucoma patients with visually significant cataract that had phacoemulsification combined with trabectome surgery. Exclusion criteria were follow-up less than 12 months, any other surgeries or diagnosis of neovascular or active uveitic glaucoma. Patients were stratified into four groups according to the Glaucoma Index (GI) that incorporated preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), number of medications and visual field status. The primary outcome measures were IOP reduction and the success rate at 12 months. We examined the relationship between GI group and IOP and medications at one year with a linear regression analysis and survival with log-rank testing. Results Of 1374 patients, a total of 498 cases with 12 month follow-up were included in the study after applying the exclusion criteria. At one year, IOP of GI groups 1 through 4 was reduced by 2.9 ± 4.4, 3.6 ± 5.0, 3.9 ± 5.3, and 9.2 ± 7.6 mmHg for. Individuals in the next higher GI group had a 1.69 ± 0.2 mmHg larger IOP decrease. The success rate was 98%, 93%, 96% and 88% at one year for GI groups 1 to 4 (p < 0.05). Conclusions A substantial IOP reduction was seen in subjects with more advanced glaucoma suggesting that the trabecular meshwork is the primary impediment to outflow and its ablation benefits those eyes relatively more than in mild glaucoma. A larger IOP reduction can be expected in individuals with a higher GI group that indicates a clinically more challenging glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Roy
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
| | - Hardik A Parikh
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.,Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, 07103, NJ, USA
| | - Igor I Bussel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA.
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, 15213, PA, USA
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Dang Y, Li X, Liu S, Wei L, Shi M. A Retrospective Study of 344 Patients With FIGO Stage IIB Cervical Carcinoma After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy in Cervical Cancer: Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection Should Be Tailored. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients. METHODS Relevant studies were selected from 3 major literature databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE) without language restriction. Main inclusion criteria is that a case-control study in which RNFL thickness was measured by a commercial available optical coherence tomography (OCT) in OSAS patients. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 12.0 software. Efficacy estimates were evaluated by weighted mean difference with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Primary outcome evaluations were: the average changes of RNFL thickness in total OSAS patients, subgroup analysis of RNFL thickness changes in patients of different OSAS stages, and subgroup analysis of 4-quadrant RNFL thickness changes in total OSAS patients. RESULTS Of the initial 327 literatures, 8 case-control studies with 763 eyes of OSA patients and 474 eyes of healthy controls were included (NOS scores ≥6). For the people of total OSAS, there had an average 2.92 μm decreased RNFL thickness compared with controls (95% CI: -4.61 to -1.24, P = 0.001). For subgroup analysis of OSAS in different stages, the average changes of RNFL thickness in mild, moderate, severe, and moderate to severe OSAS were 2.05 (95% CI: -4.40 to 0.30, P = 0.088), 2.32 (95% CI: -5.04 to 0.40, P = 0.094), 4.21 (95% CI: -8.36 to -0.06, P = 0.047), and 4.02 (95% CI: -7.65 to -0.40, P = 0.03), respectively. For subgroup analysis of 4-quadrant, the average changes of RNFL thickness in Superior, Nasal, Inferior, and Temporal quadrant were 2.43 (95% CI: -4.28 to -0.57, P = 0.01), 1.41 (95% CI: -3.33 to 0.51, P = 0.151), 3.75 (95% CI: -6.92 to -0.59, P = 0.02), and 0.98 (95% CI: -2.49 to 0.53, P = 0.203), respectively. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that RNFL thickness in OSAS patients is much thinner than healthy population, especially in superior and inferior quadrant. The impact of OSAS disease on RNFL and visual function should be taken seriously in the further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Li-Xiao Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yin-Ping Huo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Yong-Jie Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
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Dang Y, Kaplowitz K, Parikh HA, Roy P, Loewen RT, Francis BA, Loewen NA. Steroid-induced glaucoma treated with trabecular ablation in a matched comparison with primary open-angle glaucoma. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2016; 44:783-788. [DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Kevin Kaplowitz
- Department of Ophthalmology; Loma Linda University Veterans Affairs; Loma Linda California USA
| | - Hardik A Parikh
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
- Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science; Rutgers New Jersey Medical School; Newark New Jersey USA
| | - Pritha Roy
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Brian A Francis
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of California, Los Angeles; Los Angeles CA USA
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology; University of Pittsburgh; Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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Zheng Y, Hu G, Liu Y, Ma Y, Dang Y, Li F, Xing H, Wang T, Huo L. The role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the management of patients with secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Clin Radiol 2016; 71:1248-1254. [PMID: 27387105 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the ability of combined 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) to determine potential causes of secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) and to predict prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-three patients (male/female 20/23, median age 48.5 years), who were diagnosed with sHLH and underwent FDG-PET/CT before treatment, were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical characteristics were compared to identify the predictors of high-yield FDG-PET/CT. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with survival. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 19.0. RESULTS PET results were helpful in 65.1% (28/43), whilst non-contributory in 34.9% (15/43) of patients with regard to the final diagnosis. Lymphoma was the most common (25/43) reason for sHLH, and patients with focal FDG uptake were more likely to be diagnosed with underlying diseases. C-reactive protein (CRP) was found to be a good indicator for the usefulness of PET/CT in HLH patients. Multivariate analysis showed that therapy regimen (hazard ratio [HR]=4.99, p=0.026), fibrinogen (FBG) <1.5 g/l (HR=3.87, p=0.049) and spleen:mediastinum ratio (SP/M) (HR=7.44, p=0.006) were independent prognostic factors for survival. CONCLUSION FDG-PET/CT could be a useful technique for detecting underlying diseases causing sHLH. CRP was a useful predictor of FDG-PET/CT effectiveness. Therapy regimen, FBG level, and SP/M were independent prognostic factors for HLH survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - G Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Ma
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Dang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - F Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - H Xing
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - T Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - L Huo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
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Choi JG, Dang Y, Abraham S, Ma H, Zhang J, Guo H, Cai Y, Mikkelsen JG, Wu H, Shankar P, Manjunath N. Lentivirus pre-packed with Cas9 protein for safer gene editing. Gene Ther 2016; 23:627-33. [PMID: 27052803 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The CRISPR/Cas9 system provides an easy way to edit specific site/s in the genome and thus offers tremendous opportunity for human gene therapy for a wide range of diseases. However, one major concern is off-target effects, particularly with long-term expression of Cas9 nuclease when traditional expression methods such as via plasmid/viral vectors are used. To overcome this limitation, we pre-packaged Cas9 protein (Cas9P LV) in lentiviral particles for transient exposure and showed its effectiveness for gene disruption in cells, including primary T cells expressing specific single guide RNAs (sgRNAs). We then constructed an 'all in one virus' to express sgRNAs in association with pre-packaged Cas9 protein (sgRNA/Cas9P LV). We successfully edited CCR5 in TZM-bl cells by this approach. Using an sgRNA-targeting HIV long terminal repeat, we also were able to disrupt HIV provirus in the J-LAT model of viral latency. Moreover, we also found that pre-packaging Cas9 protein in LV particle reduced off-target editing of chromosome 4:-29134166 locus by CCR5 sgRNA, compared with continued expression from the vector. These results show that sgRNA/Cas9P LV can be used as a safer approach for human gene therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Disease, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Y Dang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Disease, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - S Abraham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Disease, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - H Ma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Disease, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Disease, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - H Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Disease, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Y Cai
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - J G Mikkelsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - H Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Disease, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - P Shankar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Disease, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - N Manjunath
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Disease, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
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Abstract
Prior glaucoma severity staging systems were mostly concerned with visual field function and retinal nerve fiber layer, but did not include intraocular pressure or medications to capture resistance to treatment. We recently introduced a simple index that combines pressure, medications, and visual field damage and applied it to stratify outcomes of trabectome surgery. In the analysis presented here, we combined data of trabectome alone and trabectome with same session cataract surgery to increase testing power and chances of effect discovery. This microincisional glaucoma surgery removes the primary resistance to outflow in glaucoma, the trabecular meshwork, and has been mostly used in mild glaucoma. Traditional glaucoma surgeries have a relatively high complication rate and have been reserved for more advanced disease stages. In the analysis presented here we include our data of trabectome combined with cataract surgery. This is a common practice pattern as both occur in the same age group with increasing frequency. For patients in higher glaucoma index (GI) groups, the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction was 2.34+/-0.19 mmHg more than those in a GI group one level lower while holding everything else constant. Those who had undergone trabectome combined with phacoemulsification had an IOP reduction that was 1.29+/-0.39 mmHg less compared to those with trabectome alone. No statistically significant difference was found between genders and age groups while holding everything else constant. Hispanics had a 3.81+/-1.08 mmHg greater IOP reduction. Pseudoexfoliation and steroid glaucoma patients had an IOP reduction that was greater by 2.91+/-0.56 and 3.86+/-0.81 mmHg, respectively, than those with primary open angle glaucoma. These results suggest a role for trabectome-mediated ab interno trabeculectomy beyond mild forms of glaucoma. Additionally, the multifactorial glaucoma index demonstrates a role in staging patients when comparing glaucoma surgical modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Pritha Roy
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Igor I Bussel
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Ralitsa T Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Hardik Parikh
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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Dang Y, Loewen R, Parikh HA, Roy P, Loewen NA. Gene transfer to the outflow tract. Exp Eye Res 2016; 158:73-84. [PMID: 27131906 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Elevated intraocular pressure is the primary cause of open angle glaucoma. Outflow resistance exists within the trabecular meshwork but also at the level of Schlemm's canal and further downstream within the outflow system. Viral vectors allow to take advantage of naturally evolved, highly efficient mechanisms of gene transfer, a process that is termed transduction. They can be produced at biosafety level 2 in the lab using protocols that have evolved considerably over the last 15-20 years. Applied by an intracameral bolus, vectors follow conventional as well as uveoscleral outflow pathways. They may affect other structures in the anterior chamber depending on their transduction kinetics which can vary among species when using the same vector. Not all vectors can express long-term, a desirable feature to address the chronicity of glaucoma. Vectors that integrate into the genome of the target cell can achieve transgene function for the life of the transduced cell but are mutagenic by definition. The most prominent long-term expressing vector systems are based on lentiviruses that are derived from HIV, FIV, or EIAV. Safety considerations make non-primate lentiviral vector systems easier to work with as they are not derived from human pathogens. Non-integrating vectors are subject to degradation and attritional dilution during cell division. Lentiviral vectors have to integrate in order to express while adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) often persist as intracellular concatemers but may also integrate. Adeno- and herpes viral vectors do not integrate and earlier generation systems might be relatively immunogenic. Nonviral methods of gene transfer are termed transfection with few restrictions of transgene size and type but often a much less efficient gene transfer that is also short-lived. Traditional gene transfer delivers exons while some vectors (lentiviral, herpes and adenoviral) allow transfer of entire genes that include introns. Recent insights have highlighted the role of non-coding RNA, most prominently, siRNA, miRNA and lncRNA. SiRNA is highly specific, miRNA is less specific, while lncRNA uses highly complex mechanisms that involve secondary structures and intergenic, intronic, overlapping, antisense, and bidirectional location. Several promising preclinical studies have targeted the RhoA or the prostaglandin pathway or modified the extracellular matrix. TGF-β and glaucoma myocilin mutants have been transduced to elevate the intraocular pressure in glaucoma models. Cell based therapies have started to show first promise. Past approaches have focused on the trabecular meshwork and the inner wall of Schlemm's canal while new strategies are concerned with modification of outflow tract elements that are downstream of the trabecular meshwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Ralitsa Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Hardik A Parikh
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA; New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Pritha Roy
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Nils A Loewen
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
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Dang Y, Mu Y, Wang K, Xu K, Yang J, Zhu Y, Luo B. Papaverine inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation by suppressing NF-κB signaling pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2016; 10:851-9. [PMID: 27013863 PMCID: PMC4777259 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s97380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effects of papaverine (PAP) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation and its possible mechanisms. Materials and methods BV2 microglial cells were first pretreated with PAP (0, 0.4, 2, 10, and 50 μg/mL) and then received LPS stimulation. Transcription and production of proinflammatory factors (IL1β, TNFα, iNOS, and COX-2) were used to evaluate microglial activation. The transcriptional changes undergone by M1/M2a/M2b markers were used to evaluate phenotype transformation of BV2 cells. Immunofluorescent staining and Western blot were used to detect the location and expression of P65 and p-IKK in the presence or absence of PAP pretreatment. Results Pretreatment with PAP significantly inhibited the expression of IL1β and TNFα, and suppressed the transcription of M1/M2b markers Il1rn, Socs3, Nos2 and Ptgs2, but upregulated the transcription of M2a markers (Arg1 and Mrc1) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, PAP pretreatment significantly decreased the expression of p-IKK and inhibited the nuclear translocation of P65 after LPS stimulation. Conclusion PAP not only suppressed the LPS-induced microglial activity by inhibiting transcription/production of proinflammatory factors, but also promoted the transformation of activated BV2 cells from cytotoxic phenotypes (M1/M2b) to a neuroprotective phenotype (M2a). These effects were probably mediated by NF-κB signaling pathway. Thus, it would be a promising candidate for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalin Mu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yellow-River Hospital, Sanmenxia City, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Yellow-River Hospital, Sanmenxia City, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yellow-River Hospital, Sanmenxia City, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yellow-River Hospital, Sanmenxia City, People's Republic of China; Clinical Laboratory, Yellow-River Hospital, Sanmenxia City, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Objective To investigate the cognitive impairment in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods Relevant articles were identified through a search of the following electronic databases through October 2015, without language restriction: 1) PubMed; 2) the Cochrane Library; 3) EMBASE; 4) ScienceDirect. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 12.0 software. Standardized mean differences with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated. All of the included studies met the following four criteria: 1) the study design was a case–control or randomized controlled trial (RCT) study; 2) the study investigated cognitive function in the patient with AMD; 3) the diagnoses of AMD must be provided; 4) there were sufficient scores data to extract for evaluating cognitive function between cases and controls. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale criteria were used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Results Of the initial 278 literatures, only six case–control and one RCT studies met all of the inclusion criteria. A total of 794 AMD patients and 1,227 controls were included in this study. Five studies were performed with mini-mental state examination (MMSE), two studies with animal fluency, two studies with trail making test (TMT)-A and -B, one study with Mini-Cog. Results of the meta-analysis revealed lower cognitive function test scores in patients with AMD, especially with MMSE and Mini-Cog test (P≤0.001 for all). The results also showed that differences in the TMT-A (except AMD [total] vs controls) and TMT-B test had no statistical significance (P>0.01). The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale score was ≥5 for all of the included studies. Based on the sensitivity analysis, no single study influenced the overall pooled estimates. Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests lower cognitive function test scores in patients with AMD, especially with MMSE and Mini-Cog test. The other cognitive impairment screening tests, such as animal fluency test and TMT, need more studies to assess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xiao Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Lin Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Juan Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Min Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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46
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Dang Y, Wu W, Xu Y, Mu Y, Xu K, Wu H, Zhu Y, Zhang C. Effects of low-level laser irradiation on proliferation and functional protein expression in human RPE cells. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30:2295-302. [PMID: 26404781 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-015-1809-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) modulates a set of biological effects in many cell types such as fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and stem cells. However, no study to date has reported the effects of LLLI on retinal pigment epithelia (RPE) cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether LLLI could enhance the proliferation of RPE cells and increase the expression of RPE functional genes/proteins. Human ARPE-19 cells were seeded overnight and treated with 8 J/cm(2) of LLLI. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK8 assay and cell cycle distribution was evaluated by FACS. The transcription of cell cycle-specific genes and RPE functional genes was quantified by RT-PCR. Moreover, the expression of ZO-1 and CRALBP were evaluated by immunostaining. A dose of 8 J/cm(2) of LLLI significantly increased proliferation and promoted cell cycle progression while upregulating the transcription of CDK4 and CCND1 and decreasing the transcription of CDKN2A, CDKN2C, and CDKN1B in human ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, LLLI enhanced the expression of ZO-1 and CRALBP in human ARPE-19 cells. In conclusion, LLLI could enhance the proliferative ability of human ARPE-19 cells by modulating cyclin D1, CDK4, and a group of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. It also could increase the expression of RPE-specific proteins. Thus, LLLI may be a potential approach for the treatment of RPE degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, China.,Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Wu
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsheng Xu
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Clinical Lab of Tissue & Cell Research Center, Department of Biotech Treatment, Logistics College of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Yalin Mu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yellow-River Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yellow-River Hospital, Henan University of Science and Technology, Sanmenxia, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Beijing No.4 High School, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1 East Jianshe Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Chun Zhang
- Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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47
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Abstract
Diffuse anterior retinoblastoma is a rare variant of retinoblastoma seeding in the area of the vitreous base and anterior chamber. Patients with diffuse anterior retinoblastoma are older than those with the classical types, with the mean age being 6.1 years. The original cells of diffuse anterior retinoblastoma are supposed to be cone precursor. Patients most commonly present with pseudouveitis, pseudohypopyon, and increased intraocular pressure. The retina under fundus examination is likely to be normal, and the clinical features mimic the inflammation progress, which can often lead to misdiagnosis. The published diffuse anterior retinoblastoma cases were diagnosed after fine-needle aspiration biopsy running the potential risk of inducing metastasis. The most common treatment for diffuse anterior retinoblastoma is enucleation followed by systematic chemotherapy according to the patient’s presentation and clinical course. This review summarizes the recent advances in etiology (including tumorigenesis and cell origin), pathology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and new treatment. The challenges of early diagnosis and prospects are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China ; Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalong Dang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China ; Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China ; Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Huang W, Wang TB, Zhang P, Dang Y, Chen JH, Xue F, Zhang PX, Yang M, Xu HL, Fu ZG, Jiang BG. [Characteristics and perioperative management of hemophilia patients with fractures]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2015; 47:281-284. [PMID: 25882945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics and perioperative management of hemophilia patients with fracture. METHODS Retrospectively, we analyzed 8 patients with hemophilia combined with fracture, who were admittted to our department from 2005 to 2013. Six patients were with hemophilia A and two with hemophilia B; Based on the severity of hemophilia, 2 cases were light, 3 moderate and 3 severe; Based on the location of fracture, 4 cases were femoral neck fractures, 1 femoral intertrochanteric fracture, 1 bilateral distal femur fractures, 1 tibiofibula fracture, and 1 humerus intercondylar fracture. Blood coagulation factor replacement therapy was conducted preoperatively, intraoperatively and postoperatively, All the patients underwent closed or open reduction and internal fixation or joint replacement. Also, we analyzed the perioperative complications and observed whether the fracture healed. RESULTS The average age was 33.5 years (14 to 47 years); In 6 cases, fractures occurred at femur, accounting for 75% of all the fractures; Femoral neck fracture was treated by closed reduction and hollow screws fixation; Femoral intertrochanteric fracture, distal femur fracture, and tibiofibula fracture were treated by open reduction and internal fixation with plate; Humerus intercondylar fracture was treated by elbow joint replacement. Intraoperative bleeding was from 50 to 600 mL, an average of 262 mL; Perioperatively, the average use of FVIII/activated prothrombin complex concentrates (APCC) was 358 U/kg (125 to 554 U/kg). Postoperatively, poor wound healing was observed in 2 patients, and the condition improved after symptomatic treatment; In patients with internal fixation, all the fractures united, and the average healing time was 14 weeks. No complications such as fixation loosening or rupture occurred after internal fixation. CONCLUSION Hemophilia combined with fracture mainly occurred in the young, and the site of fracture was given priority to femur. With perfect preoperative preparation, on the basis of the replacement therapy, hemophilia combined with fractures was safe for surgical treatment, and postoperative fractures healing wasgood. But the risk of poor wound healing was high.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Huang
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - T B Wang
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - P Zhang
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Dang
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - J H Chen
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - F Xue
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - P X Zhang
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - M Yang
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - H L Xu
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Z G Fu
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - B G Jiang
- Department of Trauma Orthopeadics, Peking University Peoples Hospital;Peking University Traffic Medicine Center, Beijing 100044, China
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Pan L, Ren F, Rong M, Dang Y, Luo Y, Luo D, Chen G. Correlation between down-expression of miR-431 and clinicopathological significance in HCC tissues. Clin Transl Oncol 2015; 17:557-63. [PMID: 25775917 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1278-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Researches have shown that miRNAs have been proposed as novel diagnostic biomarkers for classification and prognostic stratification of HCC. However, whether or not miR-431 contributes to the progression of HCC remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance of miR-431 in HCC. METHODS MiR-431 expression in 95 HCC cases and corresponding adjacent non-cancerous tissues was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, statistical analysis was performed to identify the correlations between expression of miR-431 and a variety of clinicopathological parameters and patient recurrence. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the accuracy of miR-431 as a biomarker for HCC diagnosis and prediction of disease deterioration. RESULTS MiR-431 was markedly down-regulated in the HCC samples (1.1885 ± 0.75867) compared with corresponding adjacent tumor tissues (1.7957 ± 0.89333, P < 0.001). The AUC of low miR-431 expression to diagnose HCC was 0.668 (95 % CI 0.592-0.744, P < 0.001). MiR-431 down-expression was correlated with multiple malignant characteristics, including lymph node metastasis (r = -0.455, P < 0.001), clinical TNM stage (r = -0.223, P = 0.030), MTDH (r = -0.292, P = 0.006), vaso-invasion (r = -0.204, P = 0.047), MVD (r = -0.281, P = 0.006) and HCV (r = 0.215, P = 0.037). Additionally, the recurrent time of lower miR-431 expression group was 56.602 ± 3.914 months, much longer than that in the high expression group (50.009 ± 2.731 months), however, no significant difference was noted (χ (2) = 0.005, P = 0.943). CONCLUSIONS The down-expression of miR-431 is partially responsible for a series of clinicopathological features which may be tightly correlated with the progression of HCC. Thus, expression of miR-431 may be proposed as a new factor in association with the progression of HCC.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cohort Studies
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications
- Hepatitis C, Chronic/genetics
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/complications
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Lymph Nodes/pathology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/complications
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/genetics
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology
- Prospective Studies
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Burden
- alpha-Fetoproteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pan
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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50
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Wang Y, Zhao N, Qiu J, He X, Zhou M, Cui H, Lv L, Lin X, Zhang C, Zhang H, Xu R, Zhu D, Dang Y, Han X, Zhang H, Bai H, Chen Y, Tang Z, Lin R, Yao T, Su J, Xu X, Liu X, Wang W, Ma B, Liu S, Qiu W, Huang H, Liang J, Wang S, Ehrenkranz RA, Kim C, Liu Q, Zhang Y. Folic acid supplementation and dietary folate intake, and risk of preeclampsia. Eur J Clin Nutr 2015; 69:1145-1150. [PMID: 25626412 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Folic acid supplementation has been suggested to reduce the risk of preeclampsia. However, results from few epidemiologic studies have been inconclusive. We investigated the hypothesis that folic acid supplementation and dietary folate intake before conception and during pregnancy reduce the risk of preeclampsia. SUBJECTS/METHODS A birth cohort study was conducted in 2010-2012 at the Gansu Provincial Maternity & Child Care Hospital in Lanzhou, China. A total of 10,041 pregnant women without chronic hypertension or gestational hypertension were enrolled. RESULTS Compared with nonusers, folic acid supplement users had a reduced risk of preeclampsia (OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.43-0.87). A significant dose-response of duration of use was observed among women who used folic acid supplemention during pregnancy only (P-trend=0.007). The reduced risk associated with folic acid supplement was similar for mild or severe preeclampsia and for early- or late-onset preeclampsia, although the statistical significant associations were only observed for mild (OR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.30-0.81) and late-onset (OR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.42-0.86) preeclampsia. The reduced risk associated with dietary folate intake during pregnancy was only seen for severe preeclampsia (OR=0.52, 95% CI: 0.31-0.87, for the highest quartile of dietary folate intake compared with the lowest). CONCLUSIONS Our study results suggest that folic acid supplementation and higher dietary folate intake during pregnancy reduce the risk of preeclampsia. Future studies are needed to confirm the associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - N Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Qiu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - X He
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - M Zhou
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - H Cui
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - L Lv
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - X Lin
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - C Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - H Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - R Xu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - D Zhu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Y Dang
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - X Han
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - H Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - H Bai
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Y Chen
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Z Tang
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - R Lin
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - T Yao
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - J Su
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - X Xu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - X Liu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - W Wang
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - B Ma
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - S Liu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - W Qiu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - H Huang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - J Liang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - R A Ehrenkranz
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Kim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Q Liu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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