1
|
Lee HY, Youk H, Ii Lee J, Kang CY, Kong JS, Sung S, Kang IH, Lee JH, Kim OH, Jung WJ, Lee KH, Youn YH, Park JC. Injury analysis of patients according to impact patterns involved in pedestrian traffic crashes. Traffic Inj Prev 2018; 19:S153-S157. [PMID: 29584483 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2017.1365142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In cases of car-to-person pedestrian traffic crashes (PTCs), the principal issue is determining at what point the car collided with the pedestrian. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was to use the medical records of patients injured in PTCs to investigate the characteristics of crash types and the areas and injury severity and to determine whether there are differences in injuries due to the angle, motion, and position at the point of impact. METHODS The present study examined 231 PTC patients admitted to the emergency room (ER) between January and December 2014. Electronic medical records from the hospital were used to divide the patient data according to Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) codes for injured areas based on sex, age, time of the crash, outcomes after ER treatment, and major symptoms. Among 231 patients, police reports on 67 crash cases, involving 70 people, were obtained with the help of local police departments, and these reports were used to reconstruct details of the actual crash. For statistical analysis, a chi-square test and a one-way analysis of variance calculation were used to compare the Injury Severity Score (ISS) based on groups and stages, with a statistical significance level set to P < .05. RESULTS With respect to patients who were admitted for PTC, 52.4% were females and 47.6% were males. The frequency of crashes was high in middle-aged and elderly groups, as well as for youths between 10 and 19 years old. With respect to outcomes after ER treatment, discharge to home after symptom improvement was the most common outcome (24.6%). Admissions to the intensive care unit (25.1%) and to the general ward (23.8%) were also high. In terms of major symptoms, the most common injuries were to the head, resulting from a rotatory motion post impact (35.9%), and injuries to the legs, resulting from the impact of a direct collision with an object (25.1%). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that injuries to the chest and abdomen were the most severe in the fender vault group and head and neck injuries were the most severe in the roof vault group. In particular, the Injury Severity Score was highest in the roof vault group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Young Lee
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Youk
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ii Lee
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Kang
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Seok Kong
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Sil Sung
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - In Hye Kang
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hun Lee
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Hyun Kim
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Jin Jung
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- a Department of Emergency Medicine , Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Han Youn
- b School of Mechatronics, Korea University of Technology and Education , Cheonan , Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Chan Park
- c Division of Traffic Accident, National Forensic Service , Wonju, Gangwon , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rhee K, Kim JH, Jung DH, Han JW, Lee YC, Lee SK, Shin SK, Park JC, Chung HS, Park JJ, Youn YH, Park H. Self-expandable metal stents for malignant esophageal obstruction: a comparative study between extrinsic and intrinsic compression. Dis Esophagus 2016; 29:224-8. [PMID: 25708695 DOI: 10.1111/dote.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) are effective for malignant esophageal obstruction, but usefulness of SEMSs in extrinsic lesions is yet to be elucidated. This study is aimed at evaluating the clinical usefulness of SEMSs in the extrinsic compression compared with intrinsic. A retrospective review was conducted for 105 patients (intrinsic, 85; extrinsic, 20) with malignant esophageal obstruction who underwent endoscopic SEMSs placement. Technical and clinical success rates were evaluated and clinical outcomes were compared between extrinsic and intrinsic group. Extrinsic group was mostly pulmonary origin. Overall technical and clinical success rate was 100% and 91%, respectively, without immediate complications. Extrinsic and intrinsic group did not differ significantly in clinical success rate. The median stent patency time was 131.3 ± 85.8 days in intrinsic group while that of extrinsic was 54.6 ± 45.1 due to shorter survival after stent insertion. The 4-, 8-, and 12-week patency rates were 90.5%, 78.8%, and 64.9% respectively in intrinsic group, while stents of extrinsic group remained patent until death. Uncovered, fully covered, and double-layered stent were used evenly and the types did not influence patency in both groups. In conclusion, esophageal SEMSs can safely and effectively be used for malignant extrinsic compression as well as intrinsic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Rhee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J-H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D H Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J W Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y C Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S K Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S K Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J C Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H S Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J J Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y H Youn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - H Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sung KM, Kim SC, Jeon HJ, Kwak YS, Youn YH, Lee KH, Park JC, Choi JH. Injury Analysis of Child Passenger According to the Types of Safety Restraint Systems in Motor Vehicle Crashes. Journal of Trauma and Injury 2015. [DOI: 10.20408/jti.2015.28.3.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Min Sung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Jin Jeon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Soo Kwak
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Konkuk University Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Han Youn
- Department of Mechatronics, Korea University of Technology & Education, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Chan Park
- Traffic Accident Analysis Division, National Forensic Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hun Choi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Youn YH, Choi EJ, Lee YH, Oshima T, Miwa H, Park H. The effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine1a receptor agonist, buspirone on the gastric fundus accommodation in an animal model using guinea pigs. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:532-41. [PMID: 25677141 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, few animal experiments have been conducted to examine the effects and mechanisms of buspirone in inducing the relaxation of the gastric fundus. The aim of this study is to examine the effects and mechanisms of buspirone, 5-HT(1a) receptor agonist, in the accommodation of gastric fundus muscle in an animal experimental model using guinea pigs. METHODS In the current study, we performed an immunohistochemistry for 5-HT(1a) receptors in the tissue samples collected from the stomach of guinea pig, an ex vivo experiment to examine the electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced relaxation of the circular muscle in the gastric fundus in guinea pigs and an in vivo experiment to measure the intragastric pressure through the insertion of the balloon catheter in the fundus. KEY RESULTS Immunohistochemical stains for 5-HT(1a) receptor could confirm the expression of 5-HT(1a) receptor in guinea pig stomach. There was a significant dose-dependent inhibition of the EFS-induced relaxation of fundic muscle strips following the treatment with WAY-100635 (5-HT(1a) antagonist), but this was significantly improved following the treatment with buspirone. An in vivo measurement of the gastric fundic tone showed that there was a significant decrease in the intragastric pressure at same volume by pretreatment with buspirone as compared with the vehicle control, but this could be prevented with the treatment with WAY-100635. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES Based on our results, it can be concluded that buspirone is effective in relaxing the gastric fundus via 5-HT(1a) receptor pathway in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models using guinea pigs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y H Youn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Early esophageal cancer (EEC) has an excellent prognosis compared to advanced esophageal cancer. Nowadays, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) may offer another alternative to cure early cancers of the gastrointestinal tract. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of EEC in Korea after curative treatments; EMR or surgery. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed as EEC from January 1994 to August 2005 at Yonsei University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. Among 888 patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer, 70 (7.9%) were included as EEC. Among them, 10 patients (14.3%) were treated by EMR, and 50 (71.4%) by operation. The treatment outcomes of EEC in relation to various clinicopathologic factors along with survival rates were analyzed. There were 18 cases (30%) of mucosal lesions and 42 cases (70%) of submucosal lesions. Overall 5-year survival rate was 84.3%. When comparing treatment outcomes between EMR-treated and operated groups, there were no significant differences in complete remission (80%vs. 84%), recurrence (20%vs. 16%) and 5-year survival rate (100%vs. 78.3%). EEC is a potentially curable entity with a good clinical prognosis. EMR can be considered as another treatment arm for EEC, along with surgical resection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-H Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 134 Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemun-Ku, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Youn JC, Youn YH, Kim TI, Park SW, Lee SJ, Song SY, Chung JB, Lee YC, Youn JC, Youn YH. Factors affecting long-term clinical outcomes of endoscopic mucosal resection of early gastric cancer. Hepatogastroenterology 2006; 53:643-7. [PMID: 16995480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) has been widely accepted as a treatment option for early gastric cancer (EGC) in selected cases. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the long-term outcomes and the factors affecting the clinical outcomes, of EMR performed in EGC. METHODOLOGY Between April 1996 and March 2005, 147 patients have undergone EMR to treat EGC at Yonsei University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. We assessed the clinical outcomes of the EMR for EGC in a long-term follow-up period. We also reviewed the medical records of the patients including demographic data, endoscopic characteristics of the lesion and histopathologic findings. RESULTS The histopathologic evaluations after the EMR treatment showed that overall complete resection rate was 84.6% (126/149) while complete resec tion rate of 93.5% was achieved in mucosal cancers (115/123). The success of complete resection was significantly affected by endoscopic gross type (depressed lesion), the degree of differentiation, and the depth of invasion, independently. There were only 5 cases of local recurrence during the follow-up periods, and the recurred or incompletely resected lesions were successfully treated by salvage operation or endoscopic retreatment. There was no disease-related or treatment-related mortality during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS EMR is a good and safe curative treatment option with feasible clinical outcomes in patients with EGC. It must be emphasized that a proper selection of candidates is mandatory to improve the clinical outcome of EMR in EGC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Chan Youn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Gastroenterology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim KH, Kim MY, Hong SM, Youn YH, Hwang SJ. The effects of wind speed on the relative relationships between different sized-fractions of airborne particles. Chemosphere 2005; 59:929-937. [PMID: 15823326 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2004] [Revised: 11/09/2004] [Accepted: 11/17/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of three different size fractions of particulate matter (PM) including PM2.5, PM10, and TSP were determined continuously at hourly intervals from four different sites in Seoul, Korea during the spring of 2001. To learn the effects of wind speed change on PM fractionation, the entire data sets were initially sorted into three particle fractions such as: fine (F: PM2.5), coarse (C: PM10-PM2.5), and giant (G: TSP-PM10). The inter-fraction relationships of PM were then explored by linear regression analysis of the data divided into four wind speed regimes. The results of this analysis, when examined in terms of either relative dominance between different PM fractions (i.e., in terms of their slope values) or strength of correlations, indicate the existence of diverse inter-fraction patterns. Most importantly, the physical influence of wind speed is seen to be reflected most efficiently between fine and coarse particle fractions, as the relative contribution of coarse fraction to the mass concentration of total particles (e.g., PM10) changes proportionally with changes in wind speed. However, such systematic patterns decrease noticeably between fine and giant fractions, as they can be affected more sensitively by such factors as the nature of their sources or the surrounding environmental conditions. The results of our comparative analysis thus confirm that wind speed is a useful barometer to distinguish and predict the behavior of different particle fractions in relation to each other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Sejong University, 98 Goon Ja Dong, Gwang Jin Goo, Seoul 143-747, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
TrkC null mice have multiple cardiac malformations. Since neural crest cells participate in cardiac outflow tract septation, the aim of this study was to determine at the cellular level the putative neural crest defect. We have identified three types of progenitor cells: stem cells that undergo self-renewal and can generate many cell types, cells that are restricted in their developmental potentials, and cells that are committed to the smooth muscle cell lineage. In TrkC null mice, there is a greater than 50% decrease in stem cell numbers and an equivalent increase in fate-restricted cells. The outflow tract wall is thickened and the endothelial tube is disorganized. We conclude that deletion of the TrkC gene causes precocious fate restrictions of the neural crest stem cell and a defect of the outflow tract endothelium, both of which may contribute to the outflow tract malformations that occur in TrkC null mice.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers
- Body Patterning/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Lineage/genetics
- Cell Movement/genetics
- Endothelium, Vascular/abnormalities
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Female
- Genes, Reporter/genetics
- Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics
- Heart Defects, Congenital/metabolism
- Heart Defects, Congenital/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Neural Crest/abnormalities
- Neural Crest/cytology
- Neural Crest/metabolism
- Neurotrophin 3/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Receptor, trkC/deficiency
- Receptor, trkC/genetics
- Stem Cells/cytology
- Stem Cells/metabolism
- beta-Galactosidase
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y H Youn
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oh SN, Youn YH, Park KJ, Min HK, Schnell RC. Surface measurements of global warming causing atmospheric constituents in Korea. Environ Monit Assess 2001; 70:21-34. [PMID: 11516015 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010655000754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The expansion of the industrial economy and the increase of population in Northeast Asian countries have caused much interest in climate monitoring related to global warming. However, new techniques and better platforms for the measurement of global warming and regional databases are still old-fashioned and are not being developed sufficiently. With respect to this agenda, since 1993, at the request of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), to monitor functions of global warming, the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) has set up a Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) Station on the western coast of Korea (Anmyun-do) and has been actively monitoring global warming over Northeast Asia. In addition, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) has been measured for a similar KMA global warming program at Kosan, Cheju Island since 1990. Aerosol and radiation have also been measured at both sites as well as in Seoul. The observations have been analyzed using diagnostics of climate change in Northeast Asia and also have been internationally compared. Results indicate that greenhouse gases are in good statistic agreement with the NOAA/Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory (CMDL) long-term trends of monthly mean concentrations and seasonal cycles. Atmospheric particulate matter has also been analyzed for particular Asian types in terms of optical depth, number concentration and size distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S N Oh
- Applied Meteorology Research Laboratory, Meteorological Research Institute, Korea Meteorology Administration, Seoul, .
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|