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Gao Y, Li XZ, Zhang LJ, Hu J, Li HC, Yu ZT, Yu FL, Zhang CF. [Hot issues in robotic-assisted thoracic day surgery]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:2271-2275. [PMID: 34333941 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210510-01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The application of day surgery on thoracic surgery is just started, and the innovation of surgical robots and their application on thoracic surgery bring new opportunities to the development of thoracic day surgery. However, the clinical practice of robot-assisted thoracic day surgery (RTDS) in China still has challenges and disagreements. Based on the experience of domestic experts in the field of RTDS clinical practice, this review discussed several key points of RTDS, including the future direction of RTDS, adjusting the indications according to their own conditions for the institutions carrying out RTDS, the robot-assisted advantage of RTDS being brought into play during the operation, and the perfect post-discharge follow-up mechanism being an important guarantee for the safe development of RTDS, to promote the application progress of RTDS in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha 410008, China
| | - X Z Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha 410008, China
| | - L J Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - J Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - H C Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Z T Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - F L Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha 410011, China
| | - C F Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University,Changsha 410008, China
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Liu WH, La Teng Zhu La A, Evans ACO, Gao ST, Yu ZT, Ma L, Bu DP. Supplementation with Yucca schidigera improves antioxidant capability and immune function and decreases fecal score of dairy calves before weaning. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4317-4325. [PMID: 33551165 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Yucca schidigera (YS) is a species of plant rich in antimicrobials, antioxidants, and immunomodulators. It has been used as feed additive to improve animal performance and decrease methane emissions in cattle. However, few studies have evaluated YS in dairy calves. In this study, we evaluated the effects of YS on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and immune function in dairy calves before weaning. We randomly assigned 40 newborn female Holstein calves (4 d old; 40 ± 5 kg of body weight) to 1 of 4 treatments (n = 10 per treatment), which were fed 0, 3, 6, or 9 g/d of YS powder. The YS allowance was mixed into milk or milk replacer and fed twice daily. Dry matter intake (both liquid and starter feed) and fecal score were recorded daily, and body weight, withers height, body length, and heart girth were measured at 4, 14, 28, 42, and 60 d of age. Blood was sampled from the jugular vein at 14, 42, and 60 d of age after the afternoon feeding for analysis of serum antioxidant capacity and immune function. Feeding YS did not affect dry matter intake, but decreased the feed-to-gain ratio with a quadratic dose effect. Over the whole study period, the average daily gain tended to linearly increase with the increasing YS doses, and it was 6.8% higher in diets supplemented with 9 g/d of YS than in the basal control diet without YS. The YS supplementation linearly decreased fecal score in a dose-dependent manner, and the frequency of diarrhea was significantly decreased as the YS supplementation increased throughout the whole study period. The YS supplementation also linearly decreased maleic dialdehyde concentration in the serum compared with the control group. The activity of catalase tended to linearly and quadratically increase, and that of glutathione peroxidase increased linearly with the increased YS supplementation. Serum concentrations of IgA and IgG increased linearly with the increased YS supplementation, and that of IgG tended to increase quadratically. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrated that feeding YS to young calves could improve growth, feed efficiency, and immunity, and decrease fecal score and diarrhea. The results of this study indicated that feeding YS at 9 g/d may be recommended to benefit dairy calves before weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- W H Liu
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - A La Teng Zhu La
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - A C O Evans
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - S T Gao
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Z T Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - L Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - D P Bu
- Institute of Animal Science, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Joint Laboratory on Integrated Crop-Tree-Livestock Systems of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR), and World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), Beijing 100193, China.
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Wenner BA, Wagner BK, St-Pierre NR, Yu ZT, Firkins JL. Inhibition of methanogenesis by nitrate, with or without defaunation, in continuous culture. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:7124-7140. [PMID: 32600762 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Within the rumen, nitrate can serve as an alternative sink for aqueous hydrogen [H2(aq)] accumulating during fermentation, producing nitrite, which ideally is further reduced to ammonium but can accumulate under conditions not yet explained. Defaunation has also been associated with decreased methanogenesis in meta-analyses because protozoa contribute significantly to H2 production. In the present study, we applied a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to dual-flow continuous culture fermentors (n = 4). Treatments were control without nitrate (-NO3-) versus with nitrate (+NO3-; 1.5% of diet dry matter), factorialized with normal protozoa (faunated, FAUN) versus defaunation (DEF) by decreasing the temperature moderately and changing filters over the first 4 d of incubation. We detected no main effects of DEF or interaction of faunation status with +NO3-. The main effect of +NO3- increased H2(aq) by 11.0 µM (+117%) compared with -NO3-. The main effect of +NO3- also decreased daily CH4 production by 8.17 mmol CH4/d (31%) compared with -NO3-. Because there were no treatment effects on neutral detergent fiber digestibility, the main effect of +NO3- also decreased CH4 production by 1.43 mmol of CH4/g of neutral detergent fiber degraded compared with -NO3-. There were no effects of treatment on other nutrient digestibilities, N flow, or microbial N flow per gram of nutrient digested. The spike in H2(aq) after feeding NO3- provides evidence that methanogenesis is inhibited by substrate access rather than concentration, regardless of defaunation, or by direct inhibition of NO2-. Methanogens were not decreased by defaunation, suggesting a compensatory increase in non-protozoa-associated methanogens or an insignificant contribution of protozoa-associated methanogens. Despite adaptive reduction of NO3- to NH4+ and methane inhibition in continuous culture, practical considerations such as potential to depress dry matter intake and on-farm ration variability should be addressed before considering NO3- as an avenue for greater sustainability of greenhouse gas emissions in US dairy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Wenner
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210.
| | - B K Wagner
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - N R St-Pierre
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - Z T Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - J L Firkins
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
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Mao YS, Gao SG, Wang Q, Shi XT, Li Y, Gao WW, Guan FS, Li XF, Han YT, Liu YY, Liu JF, Zhang K, Liu SY, Fu XN, Fang WT, Chen LQ, Wu QC, Xiao GM, Chen KN, Jiao GG, Zhang SJ, Mao WM, Rong TH, Fu JH, Tan LJ, Chen C, Xu SD, Guo SP, Yu ZT, Hu J, Hu ZD, Yang YK, Ding NN, Yang D, He J. [Epidemiological characteristic and current status of surgical treatment for esophageal cancer by analysis of national registry database]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:228-233. [PMID: 32252202 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20191112-00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and current status of surgical management for esophageal cancer in China. Methods: A national database was setup through a network platform. The clinical data of esophageal cancer treated by surgery was collected from 70 major hospitals in China between January 2009 and December 2014. Results: Complete data of 8 181 cases of esophageal cancer patients who underwent surgery were recorded in the database and recruited in the analysis. Among them, 6 052 cases were male and 2 129 were female, the average age was 60.5 years.The epidemiological investigation results showed that 148 cases (1.8%) had history of psychological trauma, 7 527 cases (92.0%) were lower social economic status, 5 072 cases (62.0%) were short of fresh vegetables and fruits, 6 544 cases (80.0%) ate rough food frequently, 3 722 cases (45.5%) drank untreated water directly from lake or river or shallow well, 3 436 cases (42.0%) had a unhealthy eating habit, including habits of eating food fast (507 cases, 6.2%), eating hot food or drinking hot tea/soup (998 cases, 12.2%), eating fried food (1 939 cases, 23.7%), 4 410 cases (53.9%) had the habits of smoking cigarettes and 2 822 cases (34.5%) drank white wine frequently.The pathological results showed that 7 813 cases (95.5%) were squamous cell carcinoma, 267 cases were adenocarcinoma (3.3%), 25 cases were adenosquamous cell carcinoma (0.3%) and 50 cases were small cell carcinoma (0.6%). A total of 1 800 cases (22.0%) received preoperative neoadjuvant therapy due to locally advanced disease or difficulty of resection. The esophagectomies were performed through left thoracotomy approach in 5 870 cases (71.8%), through right chest approach in 2 215 cases (27.1%), and the remain 96 cases (1.2%) received surgery though other approaches.A total of 8 001 cases (97.8%) underwent radical resection, the other 180 cases (2.2%) received palliative resection. The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 0.5%, the overall ≥ grade Ⅱ postoperative complication rate was 11.6% (951 cases). The 1-yr, 3-yr, and 5-yr overall actual survival rates were 82.6%, 61.6%, and 52.9%, respectively. Conclusions: The data analysis of the national database for esophageal cancer shows that bad eating habits or eating rough food without enough nutrients, lower social and economic status, drinking white wine and smoking cigarettes frequently may be correlated with tumorigenesis of esophageal cancer. However, strong evidences produced by prospective observation studies are needed. Overall, the long-term survival of esophageal cancer patients has been improved gradually due to the application of advanced surgical techniques and reasonable multimodality treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - S G Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - X T Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Anyang Cancer Hospital, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - W W Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Linzhou Renmin Hospital, Linzhou 456550, China
| | - F S Guan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Linzhou Cancer Hospital, Linzhou 456550, China
| | - X F Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, affiliated Tandu Hospital of the Fourth Military University, Xian 710038, China
| | - Y T Han
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Y Y Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang 110042, China
| | - J F Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - K Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jining Renmin Hospital, Jining 272001, China
| | - S Y Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350014, China
| | - X N Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - W T Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - L Q Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Q C Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - G M Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410000, China
| | - K N Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing University, Beijing 100142, China
| | - G G Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Linzhou Esophageal Cancer Hospital, Linzhou 456592, China
| | - S J Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Renmin Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W M Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - T H Rong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - J H Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - L J Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - C Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - S D Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heilongjiang Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China
| | - S P Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Z T Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - J Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Z D Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Y K Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - N N Ding
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - D Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Gao HJ, Shang XB, Yu ZT. [Current status and prognosis of immune checkpoint inhibitors for esophageal cancer]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019; 57:77-82. [PMID: 31510736 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1/CD279) and cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) are important immune checkpoints, through the role of the corresponding ligands and inhibit T cell activation and production of cytokines, in maintaining the body's vital role in peripheral tolerance. The use of anti-CTLA-4/PD-1 /PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies to block the tumor signaling pathway has shown excellent anti-tumor efficacy in a variety of solid tumors, and it is expected that immunotherapy will be available for the treatment of 60% advanced tumors in the next decade. Esophageal cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and its 5-year survival rate is generally low. Currently, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery are the standard treatments for esophageal cancer, and there is no effective treatment scheme for patients with esophageal cancer who fail to respond to standard treatment. Due to the diversity of somatic cell gene mutations and the generation of neo-antigens in esophageal cancer, immunotherapy has become a feasible treatment scheme to improve the prognosis of esophageal cancer. In this situation, the application of immunotherapy for esophageal cancer or more specific immune checkpoint inhibitors has gradually become the focus of the treatment of esophageal cancer. Nowadays, the research of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as ipilimumab, tremelimumab, pembrolizumab, nivolumab and avelumab on esophageal cancer is proceeding at an amazing speed. The phase Ⅰ b clinical study of immunotherapy for esophageal cancer, which previously attracted great interest, has been replaced by the phase Ⅲ clinical study, and the results of the relevant studies also show a good prospect for the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors for esophageal cancer. However, the prediction of therapeutic effect and the selection of the best candidates still need to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - X B Shang
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Z T Yu
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
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Zhong H, Ma R, Gong L, Chen CG, Tang P, Ren P, Jiang HJ, Yu ZT. [Comparison of the prognostic value of the seventh and eighth edition of The AJCC Esophageal Cancer Staging System for the patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲesophageal squamous cell carcinoma]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 55:903-908. [PMID: 29224264 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare and evaluate the prognostic value of the 7(th) and 8(th) edition of The AJCC Esophageal Cancer Staging System for patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods: The clinical data of 328 esophageal cancer patients who received operation at Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Tumour Hospital from January 2006 to December 2010 were restrospectively analyzed. There were 63 female and 265 male patients. The mean age was 65 (range: 33 to 87) years. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify the prognosis factors. Results: The five years overall survival rates among patients with stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ were both significantly different (χ(2)=87.035, 84.730, all P=0.000) according to the 7(th) and 8(th) editions of the TNM staging systems. The five years overall survival rate among patients with stage ⅡB and ⅢA were significantly different (39.6% vs 23.4%, P=0.001) according to the 7(th) edition of the esophageal cancer staging systems.According to the 8(th) edition of the esophageal cancer staging system, the 5 years survival rate of patients with stage ⅡA and ⅡB, ⅢB and Ⅳ was statistically significant (58.5% vs. 35.5%, P=0.040; 18.9% vs. 0, P=0.000). In multivariate analysis, tumor size, T staging, N staging and tumor differentiation (HR=1.592, 95%CI: 1.185 to 2.139, P=0.002; HR=1.519, 95% CI: 1.236 to 1.867, P=0.000; HR=1.647, 95% CI: 1.448 to 1.874, P=0.000; HR=1.404, 95% CI: 1.059 to 1.861, P=0.018) were the main independent prognosis factors affecting the prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. Conclusions: Both the 7(th) and the 8(th) editions of TNM staging systems are able to reflect the clinical prognosis of patients receiving radical resection of esophageal cancer, and the factors of tumor size, differentiaton, invasion depth and lymph node metastases are the independent predictors of prognosis. The 8(th) edition provides a more detailed and more reasonable for the staging of stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ for esophageal cancer patients than the 7(th) edition, and it is more accurate for the prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer after surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zhong
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300060, China
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Abstract
Based on the first-principles calculations method with the ultrasoft pseudopotential scheme, the structural, mechanical, and electronic properties of C2/m-20 carbon have been systematically investigated in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. J. Xing
- Faculty of Information Engineering & Automation
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- PR China
| | - B. H. Li
- Faculty of Information Engineering & Automation
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- PR China
| | - Z. T. Yu
- Faculty of Information Engineering & Automation
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- PR China
| | - Q. Chen
- Faculty of Information Engineering & Automation
- Kunming University of Science and Technology
- Kunming
- PR China
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Li HP, Yang FM, Gao B, Yu ZT, Zhang JC. The association of HBV infection with DNA methyltransferases expression in hepatocellular carcinoma. Acta Virol 2015; 59:311-3. [PMID: 26435156 DOI: 10.4149/av_2015_03_311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
Primary adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) of the esophagus is a rare kind of malignancy characterized by mixed glandular and squamous differentiation as well as a propensity for aggressive clinical behavior. Data on the evaluation of the clinicopathological features and the prognosis of patients suffering from this malignancy are few because of the rarity of this disease. We conducted a retrospective review of 24 patients with primary esophageal ASC among 6546 esophageal cancer patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy in our hospital. The clinicopathological presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic factors of the patients were respectively investigated. The Kaplan-Meier method and the log rank test were used to calculate and compare overall survival (OS). The Cox proportional hazards model was employed to identify independent prognostic factors. There were 18 males and 6 females with a median age of 60 years (range: 40-78 years). The clinical symptoms, macroscopic type, as well as the radiological and endoscopic features of esophageal ASC were similar to those of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Sixteen (88.9%) of the 18 cases who underwent preoperative esophagoscopic biopsy were misdiagnosed as adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. The overall median follow-up period was 36 months, and the median survival time was 32 months. The 1, 3, 5-year OS rates were 75.0%, 48.5%, and 19.4%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that gender (P=0.047), lymph node metastasis (P=0.007), and TNM stage (P=0.037) were important factors associated with OS of the 22 patients who underwent radical resection. Multivariate analysis showed that the pathological N stage was the only independent prognostic factor (P=0.031, hazard ratio [HR], 5.369, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.167-24.700). These results suggest that esophageal ASC is an uncommon disease prone to be misdiagnosed by endoscopic biopsy. Surgical resection is the primary treatment, but the prognosis of ASC is usually poorer than conventional squamous cell carcinoma. Lymph node metastasis is an independent prognostic factor after radical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Zhang
- Department of Esophageal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
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Nie FL, Zheng YF, Wei SC, Wang DS, Yu ZT, Salimgareeva GK, Polyakov AV, Valiev RZ. In vitro and in vivo studies on nanocrystalline Ti fabricated by equal channel angular pressing with microcrystalline CP Ti as control. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012. [PMID: 23184756 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bulk nanocrystalline Ti bars (Grade 4, Φ4 × 3000 mm(3)) were massively fabricated by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) via follow-up conform scheme with the microcrystalline CP Ti as raw material. Homogeneous nanostructured crystals with the average grain size of 250 nm were identified for the ECAPed Ti, with extremely high tensile/fatigue strength (around 1240/620 MPa) and adorable elongation (more than 5%). Pronounced formation of bonelike apatite for the nanocrystalline Ti group after 14 days static immersion in simulated body fluids (SBF) reveals the prospective in vitro bioactive capability of fast calcification, whereas an estimated 17% increment in protein adsorption represents good bioaffinity of nanocrystalline Ti. The documentation onto the whole life circle of osteoblast cell lines (MG63) revealed the strong interactions and superior cellular functionalization when they are co-incubated with bulk nanocrystalline Ti sample. Moreover, thread-structured specimens were designed and implanted into the tibia of Beagles dogs till 12 weeks to study the in vivo responses between bone and metallic implant made of bulk nanocrystalline Ti, with the microcrystalline Ti as control. For the implanted nanostructured Ti group, neoformed bone around the implants underwent the whole-stage transformation proceeding from originally osteons or immature woven bone to mature lamellar bone (skeletonic trabecular), even with the remodeling being finished till 12 weeks. The phenomenal osseointegration of direct implant-bone contact can be revealed from the group of the ECAPed Ti without fibrous tissue encapsulation in the gap between the implant and autogenous bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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11
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Abstract
A hydroxyapatite/titania composite material was coated onto a titanium (pure Ti) substrate by the sol-gel method. HA (hydroxyapatite) and TiO(2) (titania) sols were made from precursors separately and mixed together. The mixed sol was coated onto the Ti substrate by a spin coating method. The coated samples were dried and heat-treated at certain temperature. The XRD data show that there is an improvement in crystallization and growth of the grain size as the temperature increases. The addition of TiO(2) delayed the crystallization of HA and accelerated its decomposition. The composite HA coating has a porous structure. The addition of TiO(2) also improved the corrosion resistance of the coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Han
- Northwestern Polytechnical University, No. 127, Youyi Street, Xi'an, 710072, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Jin G, Davey MC, Ertl JR, Chen R, Yu ZT, Daniel SG, Becker WM, Chen CM. Interaction of DNA-binding proteins with the 5'-flanking region of a cytokinin-responsive cucumber hydroxypyruvate reductase gene. Plant Mol Biol 1998; 38:713-23. [PMID: 9862489 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006034932322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Transcription of the cucumber hpr-A gene is responsive to cytokinin and light. To investigate the molecular basis for transcriptional regulation by cytokinin, we have identified DNA sequences and proteins that may be involved in the regulation of hpr-A gene expression. Transient expression assays in etiolated cucumber cotyledons indicate that the 315 bp fragment (-382 to -67) contains sequences necessary for cytokinin responsiveness of the luciferase reporter gene. Band shift assays detected cytokinin-enhanced and -reduced protein binding sites in a 97 bp fragment (-382 to -285) upstream of the hpr-A gene. DNase I footprinting identified two protein-protected sites, a 15 bp sequence, 5'-AAATGACGAAAATGC-3', that contains an as-1 TGACG motif found in other plant promoters, and a 13 bp sequence, 5'-AAGATTGATTGAG-3', of unknown function. Two-dimensional band shift analysis of the cytokinin-responsive DNA protein complex revealed the presence of six DNA protein interactions. Band shift assays showed that cytokinin and light have different effects on the interaction of nuclear proteins to the 97 bp fragment of the hpr-A gene. These data suggest that cytokinin and light do not share identical signal transduction pathways in regulating hpr-A gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Jin
- Biomedical Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha 53141, USA
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Liu JK, Yu ZT. Water quality changes and effects on fish populations in the hanjiang river, china, following hydroelectric dam construction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/rrr.3450070406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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