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Sawyer JK, Kabiri Z, Montague RA, Allen SR, Stewart R, Paramore SV, Cohen E, Zaribafzadeh H, Counter CM, Fox DT. Exploiting codon usage identifies intensity-specific modifiers of Ras/MAPK signaling in vivo. PLoS Genet 2020; 16:e1009228. [PMID: 33296356 PMCID: PMC7752094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction pathways are intricately fine-tuned to accomplish diverse biological processes. An example is the conserved Ras/mitogen-activated-protein-kinase (MAPK) pathway, which exhibits context-dependent signaling output dynamics and regulation. Here, by altering codon usage as a novel platform to control signaling output, we screened the Drosophila genome for modifiers specific to either weak or strong Ras-driven eye phenotypes. Our screen enriched for regions of the genome not previously connected with Ras phenotypic modification. We mapped the underlying gene from one modifier to the ribosomal gene RpS21. In multiple contexts, we show that RpS21 preferentially influences weak Ras/MAPK signaling outputs. These data show that codon usage manipulation can identify new, output-specific signaling regulators, and identify RpS21 as an in vivo Ras/MAPK phenotypic regulator. Cellular communication is critical in controlling the growth of organs and must be carefully regulated to prevent disease. The Ras signaling pathway is frequently used for cellular communication of tissue growth regulation but can operate at different signaling strengths. Here, we used a novel strategy to identify genes that specifically tune weak or strong Ras signaling states. We find that the gene RpS21 preferentially tunes weak Ras signaling states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K. Sawyer
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Zahra Kabiri
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ruth A. Montague
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Scott R. Allen
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Rebeccah Stewart
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Sarah V. Paramore
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Erez Cohen
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hamed Zaribafzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Christopher M. Counter
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CMC); (DTF)
| | - Donald T. Fox
- Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail: (CMC); (DTF)
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Kabiri Z, Greicius G, Zaribafzadeh H, Hemmerich A, Counter CM, Virshup DM. Wnt signaling suppresses MAPK-driven proliferation of intestinal stem cells. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:3806-3812. [PMID: 30059017 DOI: 10.1172/jci99325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal homeostasis depends on a slowly proliferating stem cell compartment in crypt cells, followed by rapid proliferation of committed progenitor cells in the transit amplifying (TA) compartment. The balance between proliferation and differentiation in intestinal stem cells (ISCs) is regulated by Wnt/β-catenin signaling, although the mechanism remains unclear. We previously targeted PORCN, an enzyme essential for all Wnt secretion, and demonstrated that stromal production of Wnts was required for intestinal homeostasis. Here, a PORCN inhibitor was used to acutely suppress Wnt signaling. Unexpectedly, the treatment induced an initial burst of proliferation in the stem cell compartment of the small intestine, due to conversion of ISCs into TA cells with a loss of intrinsic ISC self-renewal. This process involved MAPK pathway activation, as the proliferating cells in the base of the intestinal crypt contained phosphorylated ERK1/2, and a MEK inhibitor attenuated the proliferation of ISCs and their differentiation into TA cells. These findings suggest a role for Wnt signaling in suppressing the MAPK pathway at the crypt base to maintain a pool of ISCs. The interaction between Wnt and MAPK pathways in vivo has potential therapeutic applications in cancer and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kabiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gediminas Greicius
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Hamed Zaribafzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Amanda Hemmerich
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Christopher M Counter
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David M Virshup
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.,Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Greicius G, Kabiri Z, Sigmundsson K, Liang C, Bunte R, Singh MK, Virshup DM. Abstract 5931: PDGFRα+ pericryptal stromal cells are the critical source of Wnts and RSPO3 for murine intestinal stem cells in vivo. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-5931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Wnts and R-spondins (RSPOs) support intestinal homeostasis by regulating crypt cell proliferation and differentiation. Ex vivo, Wnts secreted by Paneth cells in organoids can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of Lgr5-expressing intestinal stem cells. However, in vivo, Paneth cell and indeed, all epithelial Wnt production is completely dispensable, and the cellular source of Wnts and RSPOs that maintain the intestinal stem cell niche is not known. Here we investigated both the source and the functional role of stromal Wnts and RSPO3 in regulation of intestinal homeostasis. RSPO3 is highly expressed in pericryptal myofibroblasts in the lamina propria and is several orders of magnitude more potent than RSPO1 in stimulating both Wnt/β-catenin signaling and organoid growth. Stromal Rspo3 ablation ex vivo resulted in markedly decreased organoid growth that was rescued by exogenous RSPO3 protein. PdgfRα is known to be expressed in pericryptal myofibroblasts. We therefore evaluated if PdgfRα identified the key stromal niche cells. In vivo, Porcn excision in PdgfRα+ cells blocked intestinal crypt formation, demonstrating for the first time that Wnt production in the stroma is both necessary and sufficient to support the intestinal stem cell niche. Mice with Rspo3 excision in the PdgfRα+ cells had decreased intestinal crypt Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Paneth cell differentiation, and were hypersensitive when stressed with dextran sodium sulfate. The data support a model of the intestinal stem cell niche regulated by both Wnts and RSPO3 supplied predominantly by stromal pericryptal myofibroblasts marked by PdgfRα.
[G.G. and Z.K. contributed equally to this work.]
Citation Format: Gediminas Greicius, Zahra Kabiri, Kristmundur Sigmundsson, Chao Liang, Ralph Bunte, Manvendra K. Singh, David M. Virshup. PDGFRα+ pericryptal stromal cells are the critical source of Wnts and RSPO3 for murine intestinal stem cells in vivo [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5931.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chao Liang
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ralph Bunte
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Abstract
The global epidemic in obesity and metabolic syndrome requires novel approaches to tackle. White adipose tissue, traditionally seen as a passive energy-storage organ, can be induced to take on certain characteristics of brown fat in a process called browning. The “browned” white adipose tissue, or beige fat, is a potential anti-obesity target. Various signaling pathways can enhance browning. Wnt is a key regulator of adipocyte biology, but its role in browning has not been explored. In this study, we found that in primary mouse adipocytes derived from the inguinal depot, Wnt inhibition by both chemical and genetic methods significantly enhanced browning. The effect of Wnt inhibition on browning most likely targets the beige precursor cells in selected adipose depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinyui Alice Lo
- Programme in Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Pei Yi Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, Singapore
| | - Zahra Kabiri
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS, Singapore
| | - David Virshup
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS, Singapore
| | - Lei Sun
- Programme in Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Proteos, Singapore
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Kabiri Z, Benajiba M, Hajjout K, Bellaoui H, Dakka N. [Serological analysis of phenotype Del among blood donors Rh D negative Moroccan]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 63:111-2. [PMID: 25553646 DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2014.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z Kabiri
- Centre national de transfusion sanguine, Madinat Al Irfane, BP180, 10000 Rabat, Maroc; Faculté des sciences, université Mohammed-V, BP1014, 10000 Rabat, Maroc.
| | - M Benajiba
- Centre national de transfusion sanguine, Madinat Al Irfane, BP180, 10000 Rabat, Maroc
| | - K Hajjout
- Centre régional de transfusion sanguine, Madinat Al Irfane, BP180, 10000 Rabat, Maroc
| | - H Bellaoui
- Faculté des sciences, université Mohammed-V, BP1014, 10000 Rabat, Maroc
| | - N Dakka
- Faculté des sciences, université Mohammed-V, BP1014, 10000 Rabat, Maroc
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Kabiri Z, Benajiba M, Hajjout K, Dakka N, Bellaoui H. Identification des phénotypes rhésus D partiels dans une population de donneurs de sang marocains de phénotype D faible. Transfus Clin Biol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2014.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Kabiri Z, Greicius G, Madan B, Biechele S, Zhong Z, Zaribafzadeh H, Aliyev J, Wu Y, Bunte R, Williams BO, Rossant J, Virshup DM. Stroma provides an intestinal stem cell niche in the absence of epithelial Wnts. Development 2014; 141:2206-15. [PMID: 24821987 DOI: 10.1242/dev.104976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling supports intestinal homeostasis by regulating proliferation in the crypt. Multiple Wnts are expressed in Paneth cells as well as other intestinal epithelial and stromal cells. Ex vivo, Wnts secreted by Paneth cells can support intestinal stem cells when Wnt signaling is enhanced with supplemental R-Spondin 1 (RSPO1). However, in vivo, the source of Wnts in the stem cell niche is less clear. Genetic ablation of Porcn, an endoplasmic reticulum resident O-acyltransferase that is essential for the secretion and activity of all vertebrate Wnts, confirmed the role of intestinal epithelial Wnts in ex vivo culture. Unexpectedly, mice lacking epithelial Wnt activity (Porcn(Del)/Villin-Cre mice) had normal intestinal proliferation and differentiation, as well as successful regeneration after radiation injury, indicating that epithelial Wnts are dispensable for these processes. Consistent with a key role for stroma in the crypt niche, intestinal stromal cells endogenously expressing Wnts and Rspo3 support the growth of Porcn(Del) organoids ex vivo without RSPO1 supplementation. Conversely, increasing pharmacologic PORCN inhibition, affecting both stroma and epithelium, reduced Lgr5 intestinal stem cells, inhibited recovery from radiation injury, and at the highest dose fully blocked intestinal proliferation. We conclude that epithelial Wnts are dispensable and that stromal production of Wnts can fully support normal murine intestinal homeostasis.
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Kabiri Z, Benahadi A, Hajjout K, Benajiba M. Impact de l’automate Olympus PK7300 de qualification immuno hématologique des dons de sang au service d’immuno hématologie donneurs. Transfus Clin Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2013.03.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jayche S, Benahadi A, Souali S, Benchiba H, Kabiri Z, Ahami A, Hajjout K, Alami R. Fréquences des hémolysines anti-A et anti-B chez les donneurs de sang de la région de Rabat. Transfus Clin Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2013.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gholizadeh N, Kabiri Z, Kakuee O, Saleh-Kotahi M, Changizi V, Fathollahi V, Oliaiy P, Omranipour R. Feasibility of breast cancer screening by PIXE analysis of hair. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 153:105-10. [PMID: 23625730 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9671-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To reveal the role of key elements present in the hair of breast cancer patients on cancer development, the levels of a number of elements in scalp hair samples of 82 people including healthy individuals, people suffering from benign breast disease, and breast cancer patients were measured by PIXE analysis. Pellets of hair samples were prepared and bombarded by 2.2 MeV proton beam of a 3-MV Van de Graaff accelerator. The number of incident ions hitting the sample was indirectly measured using the RBS spectrum of a thin Ag film placed in the beam path. The concentrations of S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, and Cu in the hair of healthy individuals were in agreement with those observed in the hair of hyperplasia and cancer patients within standard deviations. However, a lower average level of zinc was found in samples from hyperplasia and breast cancer patients. Strong positive correlations were found between iron and potassium as well as between calcium and potassium in the cancer patients. These results could be of significance in the screening for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gholizadeh
- Department of Physics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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Kabiri Z, Hakimara M. The interactive effect of fear and humour appeals, gender & the level of involvement on attitude toward safe driving. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590w.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kabiri Z, Salehi M, Mokarian F, Mohajeri MR, Mahmoodi F, Keyhanian K, Doostan I, Ataollahi MR, Modarressi MH. Evaluation of ARG protein expression in mature B cell lymphomas compared to non-neoplastic reactive lymph node. Cell Immunol 2009; 259:111-6. [PMID: 19604504 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2009.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2009] [Revised: 06/01/2009] [Accepted: 06/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The participation of Abl-Related Gene (ARG) is demonstrated in pathogenesis of different human malignancies. However there is no conclusive evidence on ARG expression level in mature B cell lymphomas. In this study we evaluated ARG protein expression in Follicular Lymphoma (FL), Burkitt's Lymphoma (BL) and Diffused Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) in comparison with non-neoplastic lymph nodes. Semi-quantitative fluorescent ImmunoHistoChemistry was applied on 14, 7 and 4 patients with DLBCL, FL and BL respectively, adding to 4 normal and 4 reactive lymph nodes. The mean ratio of ARG/GAPDH expression was significantly different (p<0.00) between lymphomas and control samples, with DLBCL having the highest ARG expression amongst all. Over expression of ARG was seen in FL and BL, with FL expressing statistically more ARG than BL. Moreover, the ARG/GAPDH expression ratio increased from DLBCL stage I towards stage VI, all showing significantly more ARG expression than FL and BL (in all cases p<0.00).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kabiri
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Ataollahi M, Salehi M, Doostan I, Kabiri Z, Mohajeri M, Mahmoodi F, Shokouhi R, Javan S, Meshkibaf MH, Miladpoor B. Bcl-2 associated athanogene-1 overexpression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Iran J Immunol 2008; 5:124-130. [PMID: 18523358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptosis and cell cycle regulation play an important role in pathogenesis and tumor progression in patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL). Bcl-2 associated athanogene-1 (BAG-1) is an antiapoptotic protein as well as a regulator of cell growth. There is no conclusive evidence about BAG-1 protein expression in this disease. OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression level of BAG-1 protein in DLBCL. METHODS Thirty patients diagnosed from 1997-2004, as having DLBCL, were selected. Also 30 normal lymph nodes were included as normal counterparts in this study. BAG-1 expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining in both DLBCL and normal lymph node samples. RESULTS Of the 30 DLBCLs examined, 100% were positive for nuclear and 83% were positive for cytoplasmic BAG-1 staining. Of the 30 normal lymph nodes investigated, 20% were positive for nuclear and 0% were positive for cytoplasmic BAG-1 staining. Nuclear staining in DLBCL samples was significantly higher than those of normal lymph nodes (100% versus 20%, p <0.001). Besides, cytoplasmic staining in DLBCL samples was significantly higher than those of normal lymph nodes (83% versus 0%, p <0.001). There was no association between BAG-1 staining and patients' overall survival. CONCLUSION Our data indicated that BAG-1 protein was deregulated in this disease similar to some other malignancies such as breast and colon cancer. Overexpression of BAG-1 in DLBCL suggests that this protein probably plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DLBCL. Besides, higher nuclear BAG-1 staining might be correlated with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Ataollahi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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