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Gebremeskel H, Umer MJ, Hongju Z, Li B, Shengjie Z, Yuan P, Xuqiang L, Nan H, Wenge L. Genetic mapping and molecular characterization of the delayed green gene dg in watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus). Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1152644. [PMID: 37152178 PMCID: PMC10158938 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1152644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Leaf color mutants are common in higher plants that can be used as markers in crop breeding and are important tools in understanding regulatory mechanisms of chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development. Genetic analysis was performed by evaluating F1, F2 and BC1 populations derived from two parental lines (Charleston gray with green leaf color and Houlv with delayed green leaf color), suggesting that a single recessive gene controls the delayed green leaf color. In this study, the delayed green mutant showed a conditional pale green leaf color at the early leaf development but turned to green as the leaf development progressed. Delayed green leaf plants showed reduced pigment content, photosynthetic, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and impaired chloroplast development compared with green leaf plants. The delayed green (dg) locus was mapped to 7.48 Mb on chromosome 3 through bulk segregant analysis approach, and the gene controlling delayed green leaf color was narrowed to 53.54 kb between SNP130 and SNP135 markers containing three candidate genes. Sequence alignment of the three genes indicated that there was a single SNP mutation (G/A) in the coding region of ClCG03G010030 in the Houlv parent, which causes an amino acid change from Arginine to Lysine. The ClCG03G010030 gene encoded FtsH extracellular protease protein family is involved in early delayed green leaf development. The expression level of ClCG03G010030 was significantly reduced in delayed green leaf plants than in green leaf plants. These results indicated that the ClCG03G010030 might control watermelon green leaf color and the single SNP variation in ClCG03G010030 may result in early delayed green leaf color development during evolutionary process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haileslassie Gebremeskel
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Horticulture, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zhu Hongju
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhao Shengjie
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pingli Yuan
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lu Xuqiang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - He Nan
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liu Wenge
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of South Asian Fruits and Cucurbits, Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Liu Wenge,
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Aslam A, Shengjie Z, Xuqiang L, Nan H, Wenge L. Rootstock mediates transcriptional regulation of citrulline metabolism in grafted watermelon. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:125-136. [PMID: 32321067 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.223633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid, involved in key biological functions in plants and humans. Rootstocks have a major impact on citrulline accumulation in grafted watermelon. Information regarding rootstock induced changes in citrulline metabolism is elusive. To understand the regulatory mechanism, parallel changes in the expression profiles of citrulline metabolic genes and citrulline content of watermelon were monitored during the development of self-rooted watermelon and watermelon grafted onto pumpkin, wild and bottle gourd rootstocks. Results demonstrated that rootstocks regulated the expression profiles in different ways to influence the citrulline content. GAT, NAGPR, ASS3 ASS2 and Asl2 showed the negative correlation with citrulline content in pumpkin grafted watermelon. Pumpkin rootstock promoted the citrulline content by high down-regulation and synergistic effect of ASS2, ASS3, ASL1 and ASl2 genes. In wild grafted watermelon, citrulline was accumulated as a result of down regulation of GAT, NAGS and ASL2 genes, which showed an inverse correlation with citrulline. In gourd grafted watermelon, changes in citrulline content were observed to be linked with lower expressions of GAT, NAGK, ASS2, ASS3, ASL1 and ARG which were negatively correlated with citrulline content. Our study will provide the basis to understand the molecular mechanism of citrulline accumulation in various rootstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Aslam
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450009, China
| | - Z Shengjie
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450009, China
| | - L Xuqiang
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450009, China
| | - H Nan
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450009, China
| | - L Wenge
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan 450009, China
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