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Miao JS, Wang QH, Zhang NN, Wang FR, He ZX. [Comparison of air filled anterior approach of sternocleidomastoid muscle and space of sternocleidomastoid muscle for treatment of thyroid papillary carcinoma under axillary endoscope]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:2320-2323. [PMID: 37574829 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230512-00771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the application of the anterior sternocleidomastoid muscle approach in transaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy. Methods: The clinical data of 180 patients undergoing transaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer in the Department of General Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from March 2021 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 27 males and 153 females, aged (37.5±8.0)years, range: 27 to 52 years. The anterior approach of sternocleidomastoid muscle was used in 100 cases, and the interspace approach of sternocleidomastoid muscle was used in 80 cases between the two groups. The postoperative efficacy, complications and satisfaction of the two groups were compared. Results: There was no difference between the two groups in the number of lymph node dissection (using nano carbon tracer), hospital stay, and postoperative complications (transient decrease in parathyroid function, laryngeal nerve injury) (P>0.05). The anterior approach of sternocleidomastoid muscle had shorter cavity building time[(17.8±2.9)vs(20.1±3.7) min], less drainage volume the second day after operation[(18.7±5.2)vs(23.5±6.3) ml], and less discomfort in the neck (P<0.05). Conclusion: The anterior approach of sternocleidomastoid muscle under complete transaxillary endoscopy has certain advantages in the time of cavity construction, the drainage volume the second day after the operation, and the reduction of cervical discomfort after the operation. The operation is safe and reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Miao
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Q H Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - N N Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - F R Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
| | - Z X He
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226000, China
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Jiang XQ, Huang JJ, Huang CS, Tian RM, Mao XX, He ZX, Huang P, Chen Y. [Clinical features and prognostic factors of severe hemophagocytic syndrome in children]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:2181-2188. [PMID: 35872582 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220214-00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics, prognostic risk factors and effective treatment of severe hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) in children, so as to provide reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods: The clinical data of 83 children with severe HPS admitted in Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2014 to April 2021 were collected, and their clinical characteristics, prognosis and prognostic risk factors were analyzed. The children were divided into central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction group and non-CNS dysfunction group according to whether they were accompanied with CNS dysfunction, and were divided into blood purification group and non-blood purification group according to whether they received blood purification, then the survival differences were compared. Results: Among the 83 children, there were 43 males and 40 females, aged[M(Q1,Q3)] 36(15,27)months. A total of 51 children were induced by infection, among which 41 children (80.4%) were infected with EB virus. All the children were accompanied by multiple organ dysfunction (MODS), and dysfunction of the blood system (72.3%), liver (71.1%), respiratory system (53.0%) and CNS (37.3%) were common. By the end of follow-up, 40 cases (48.2%) survived, 38 cases (45.8%) died, and 5 cases (6.0%) were lost to follow-up. CNS dysfunction was a risk factor (HR=3.358, 95%CI: 1.445-7.803, P=0.005) and blood purification was a protective factor (HR=0.362, 95%CI: 0.179-0.730, P=0.005) affecting the prognosis of children. The mortality of CNS dysfunction group was statistically higher than that of non-CNS dysfunction group (74.2% vs 28.8%) (P<0.001); The mortality of blood purification group was statistically lower than that of non-blood purification group (31.0% vs 61.0%) (P=0.010). Conclusions: Severe HPS in children was dangerous and had a poor overall prognosis. CNS dysfunction was a risk factor for death. Blood purification could significantly improve the prognosis and improve the survival rate of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Children's Hospital, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000, China
| | - J J Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Children's Hospital, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000, China
| | - C S Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - R M Tian
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Children's Hospital, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - X X Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Children's Hospital, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Z X He
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Children's Hospital, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000, China
| | - P Huang
- Department of Laboratory of Hematological Oncology for Children, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Children's Hospital, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou Children's Hospital, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine of Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000, China
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He ZX, Zhang RL, Zhai WH, Ma QL, Pang AM, Yang DL, He Y, Wei JL, Chen X, Jiang EL, Feng SZ, Han MZ. [Efficacy of basiliximab in the treatment of 87 cases of steroid-refractory or steroid-dependent acute graft-versus-host disease]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2022; 43:120-127. [PMID: 35381672 PMCID: PMC8980651 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of basiliximab in the treatment of steroid-refractory or steroid-dependent acute graft-versus-host disease (SR/SD-aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) . Methods: Clinical data of 87 patients with SR/SD-aGVHD in the skin, intestine, and liver after allo-HSCT at the Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital Transplantation Center from January 2015 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The administration plan of basiliximab was as follows: 20 mg for adults and children weighing ≥35 kg and 10 mg for children weighing<35 kg. The drug was administered once on the 1st, 4th, and 8th days, respectively, and then once weekly. The efficacy was evaluated on the 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days after basiliximab treatment. Results: ①There were 51 males (58.6%) and 36 females (41.4%) , with a median (range) age of 34 (4-63) years. There were 54 cases of classic aGVHD, 33 of late aGVHD, 49 of steroid-refractory aGVHD, and 38 of steroid-dependent aGVHD. ②Thirty-five patients (40.2%) achieved complete remission (CR) , 23 (26.4%) achieved partial remission (PR) , and 29 had no remission (NR) . The total effective rate[overall response rate (ORR) ] was 66.7% (58/87) . ③The ORR of the classic and late aGVHD groups was 77.8% (42/54) and 48.5% (16/33) , respectively. ④The median (range) follow-up time was 154 (4-1813) days, the 6-month overall survival (OS) rate of the 87 patients was 44.8% (95% CI 39.5%-50.1%) and the 1-year OS was 39.4% (95%CI 34.2%-44.3%) . ⑤After treatment with basiliximab, the 6-month OS in the CR (35 cases) , PR (23 cases) , and NR (29 cases) groups was 80.0% (95%CI 73.2%-86.8%) , 39.1% (95%CI 28.9%-49.3%) , and 6.9% (95%CI 2.2%-11.6%) , respectively (χ(2)=34.679, P<0.001) , and the 1-year OS was 74.3% (95%CI 66.9%-81.7%) , 30.4% (95%CI 20.8%-40.0%) , and 3.4% (95%CI 0%-6.8%) , respectively (χ(2)=43.339, P<0.001) . The OS of the classic and late aGVHD groups was 57.4% (95%CI 50.7%-64.1%) and 24.2% (95%CI 16.7%-31.7%) , respectively (χ(2)=9.109, P=0.004) , and the 1-year OS was 51.9% (95%CI 45.1%-58.7%) and 18.2% (95%CI 11.5%-24.9%) , respectively (χ(2)=9.753, P=0.003) . ⑥Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that late aGVHD (OR=3.121, 95%CI 1.770-5.503, P<0.001) , Minnesota score high-risk group before medication (OR=3.591, 95%CI 1.931-6.679, P<0.001) , active infection before medication (OR=1.881, 95%CI 1.029-3.438, P=0.040) , and impairment of important organ function caused by non-GVHD (OR=3.100, 95%CI 1.570-6.121, P=0.001) were independent risk factors affecting the efficacy of basiliximab. Conclusion: Basiliximab has good efficacy and safety for SR/SD-aGVHD, but not in patients with late aGVHD, high-risk group of Minnesota score, and infection or impaired function of important organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China He Zhenxin now works at the Department of Hematology of The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - R L Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - W H Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Q L Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - A M Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - D L Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Y He
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - J L Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - X Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - E L Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - S Z Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - M Z Han
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & PekingUnion Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
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Li LF, Zhang LZ, He ZX, Yuan W, Ma H, Xun YF, Zhang J, Hou WJ, Zhang XN, Cai WQ, Guo QQ, Jia R, Tai FD. CRF-CRFR1 system within the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex are involved in consolation deficits under acute restraint stress in mandarin voles. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 132:105353. [PMID: 34271522 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Consolation is a complex empathic behavior that has recently been observed in some socially living rodents. Despite the growing body of literature suggesting that stress affects some simple form of empathy, the relationship between stress and consolation remains largely understudied. Using monogamous mandarin voles, we found that an acute restraint stress exposure significantly reduced consolation-like behaviors and induced anxiety-like behaviors. Along with these behavioral changes, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1) neurons were activated within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and prelimbic cortex (PrL) but not within the infralimbic cortex (IL). Chemogenetic activation of CRF neurons in the ACC and PrL, recaptured acute stress-induced behavioral dysfunctions. We further observed that intracellular PKA and PKC signaling pathways mediate CRF-induced behavioral dysfunctions, but they work in a regional-specific, sex-biased manner. Together, these results suggest that the local CRF-CRFR1 system within the ACC and PrL is involved in the consolation deficits and anxiety induced by acute stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Fu Li
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China; College of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China
| | - Li-Zi Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong He
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medications, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Yu-Feng Xun
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Wen-Juan Hou
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Xue-Ni Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Qian-Qian Guo
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Fa-Dao Tai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
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Li L, Zhang LZ, He ZX, Ma H, Zhang YT, Xun YF, Yuan W, Hou WJ, Li YT, Lv ZJ, Jia R, Tai FD. Dorsal raphe nucleus to anterior cingulate cortex 5-HTergic neural circuit modulates consolation and sociability. eLife 2021; 10:67638. [PMID: 34080539 PMCID: PMC8213405 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Consolation is a common response to the distress of others in humans and some social animals, but the neural mechanisms underlying this behavior are not well characterized. By using socially monogamous mandarin voles, we found that optogenetic or chemogenetic inhibition of 5-HTergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) or optogenetic inhibition of serotonin (5-HT) terminals in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) significantly decreased allogrooming time in the consolation test and reduced sociability in the three-chamber test. The release of 5-HT within the ACC and the activity of DR neurons were significantly increased during allogrooming, sniffing, and social approaching. Finally, we found that the activation of 5-HT1A receptors in the ACC was sufficient to reverse consolation and sociability deficits induced by the chemogenetic inhibition of 5-HTergic neurons in the DR. Our study provided the first direct evidence that DR-ACC 5-HTergic neural circuit is implicated in consolation-like behaviors and sociability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laifu Li
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.,College of Life Sciences, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Li-Zi Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong He
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Ting Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Feng Xun
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.,Provincial Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medications, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Wen-Juan Hou
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi-Tong Li
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zi-Jian Lv
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fa-Dao Tai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Zhang J, He ZX, Qu YS, Li LF, Wang LM, Yuan W, Hou WJ, Zhu YQ, Cai WQ, Zhang XN, Guo QQ, An SC, Jia R, Tai FD. Different baseline physical activity predicts susceptibility and resilience to chronic social defeat stress in mice: Involvement of dopamine neurons. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 45:15-28. [PMID: 33730683 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity, the fourth leading mortality risk factor worldwide, is associated with chronic mental illness. Identifying the mechanisms underlying different levels of baseline physical activity and the effects of these levels on the susceptibility to stress is very important. However, whether different levels of baseline physical activity influence the susceptibility and resilience to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), and the underlying mechanisms in the brain remain unclear. The present study segregated wild-type mice into low baseline physical activity (LBPA) and high baseline physical activity (HBPA) groups based on short term voluntary wheel running (VWR). LBPA mice showed obvious susceptibility to CSDS, while HBPA mice were resilient to CSDS. In addition, the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) was lower in LBPA mice than in HBPA mice. Furthermore, activation of TH neurons in the VTA of LBPA mice by chemogenetic methods increased the levels of VWR and resilience to CSDS. In contrast, inhibiting TH neurons in the VTA of HBPA mice lowered the levels of VWR and increased their susceptibility to CSDS. Thus, this study suggests that different baseline physical activities might be mediated by the dopamine system. This system also affects the susceptibility and resilience to CSDS, possibly via alteration of the baseline physical activity. This perspective on the neural control and impacts on VWR may aid the development of strategies to motivate and sustain voluntary physical activity. Furthermore, this can maximize the impacts of regular physical activity toward stress-reduction and health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China; School of Physical Education & Health, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530100, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong He
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Yi-Shan Qu
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Lai-Fu Li
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Li-Min Wang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Wen-Juan Hou
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Ying-Qi Zhu
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Xue-Ni Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Qian-Qian Guo
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Shu-Cheng An
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China; Cognition Neuroscience and Learning Division, Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Fa-Dao Tai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China; Cognition Neuroscience and Learning Division, Key Laboratory of Modern Teaching Technology, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
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Cheng Y, Yang C, Tan Z, He Z. Changes of Intestinal Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Gene Expression in Neonatal Diarrhoea Kids. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:598691. [PMID: 33614759 PMCID: PMC7890263 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.598691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea and disorders in young goats are serious threats to the animals' health, influencing the profitability of the goat industry. There is a need to better understand the potential biomarkers that can reflect the mortality and morbidity in neonatal diarrhea goats. Ten pairs of twin kid goats from the same does (one healthy and the other diagnosed as diarrhea) with the same age under 14 days after birth were used in this study. Since gastrointestinal infection is probably the first ailment in neonatal goats, we aimed to investigate the changes in oxidative stress, inflammation, and gene expression in the gastrointestinal tract of neonatal diarrhea goats based on an epidemiological perspective. The results showed the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was less (P < 0.05) in the jejunum in neonatal diarrhea goats compared with control goats. However, the malondialdehyde (MDA) activities in the jejunum and ileum were higher (P < 0.05) in neonatal diarrhea goats. There was no significant difference in the super-oxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity observed between the two groups (P > 0.05). For the concentrations of intestinal interleukin-2 (IL2) and interleukin-6 (IL6), only the IL-2 in ileum of neonatal diarrhea goats was higher than that from healthy control goats. The transcriptomic analysis of the jejunum showed a total of 364 differential expression genes (DEGs) identified in neonatal diarrhea goats compared with control goats. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis of up-regulated DEGs was mainly related to the ECM–receptor interaction and axon guidance, and the down-regulated DEGs mainly related to the Arachidonic acid metabolism, complement and coagulation cascades, and alpha-Linolenic acid metabolism. Real-time PCR results showed that the expression of most toll-like receptor-4-(TLR4) pathway-related genes and intestinal barrier function-related genes were similar in the two groups. These results suggest that neonatal diarrhea goats experienced a higher intestinal oxidative stress compared with control goats. Thus, it is possible that the antioxidant capacity of young ruminants acts as an indicator of health status and the measurements of oxidation stress may be useful as diagnostic biomarkers, reflecting the mortality and morbidity in neonatal diarrhea goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cheng
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, China
| | - Chao Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, China
| | - ZhiLiang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - ZhiXiong He
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety (CICAPS), Changsha, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Li JM, Yang MF, He ZX. [Application value of radionuclide myocardial blood flow quantitative imaging in evaluating coronary microvascular dysfunction]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2020; 48:1073-1077. [PMID: 33355753 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20200426-00349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J M Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - M F Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Z X He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
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Li LF, Yuan W, He ZX, Ma H, Xun YF, Meng LR, Zhu SJ, Wang LM, Zhang J, Cai WQ, Zhang XN, Guo QQ, Lian ZM, Jia R, Tai FD. Reduced Consolation Behaviors in Physically Stressed Mandarin Voles: Involvement of Oxytocin, Dopamine D2, and Serotonin 1A Receptors Within the Anterior Cingulate Cortex. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 23:511-523. [PMID: 31760433 PMCID: PMC7689207 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyz060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consolation is a type of empathy-like behavior that has recently been observed in some socially living rodents. Despite the growing body of literature suggesting that stress affects empathy, the relationship between stress and consolation remains understudied at the preclinical level. Here, we examined the effects of chronic emotional stress or physical stress exposure on consolation and emotional behaviors by using the socially monogamous mandarin vole (Microtus mandarinus) in both males and females. METHOD/RESULTS Physical stress voles were exposed to 14-day social defeat stress, whereas emotional stress voles vicariously experienced the defeat of their partners. We found that physical stress, but not emotional stress, voles showed reduced grooming toward their defeated partners and increased anxiety- and despair-like behaviors. Meanwhile, physical stress voles exhibited decreased neural activity in the anterior cingulate cortex, which is centrally involved in empathy. The densities of oxytocin receptors, dopamine D2 receptors, and serotonin 1A-receptors within the anterior cingulate cortex were significantly decreased in the physical stress group compared with controls. All the behavioral and physiological changes were similar between the sexes. Finally, we found that the reduced consolation behavior and some anxiety-like syndromes in physical stress voles could be alleviated by pretreatment with an oxytocin receptor, D2 receptors, or serotonin 1A-receptor agonist within the anterior cingulate cortex, whereas injections of corresponding receptor antagonists to the control voles decreased the consolation behavior and increased some anxiety-like behaviors. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that chronic physical stress exposure impaired consolation and induced anxiety-like behaviors in mandarin voles and oxytocin receptors, 5-HT1A receptors, and D2 receptors within the anterior cingulate cortex may play important roles in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Fu Li
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China,College of Life Sciences, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China,Provincial Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medications, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong He
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yu-Feng Xun
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ling-Rong Meng
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Si-Jing Zhu
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Li-Min Wang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xue-Ni Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qian-Qian Guo
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhen-Min Lian
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fa-Dao Tai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China,Correspondence: Fa-Dao Tai, PhD, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, 710062, China. E-mail:
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Li LF, Yuan W, He ZX, Wang LM, Jing XY, Zhang J, Yang Y, Guo QQ, Zhang XN, Cai WQ, Hou WJ, Jia R, Tai FD. Involvement of oxytocin and GABA in consolation behavior elicited by socially defeated individuals in mandarin voles. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 103:14-24. [PMID: 30605804 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.12.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Consolation, which entails comforting contact directed toward a distressed party, is a common empathetic response in humans and other species with advanced cognition. Here, using the social defeat paradigm, we provide empirical evidence that highly social and monogamous mandarin voles (Microtus mandarinus) increased grooming toward a socially defeated partner but not toward a partner who underwent only separation. This selective behavioral response existed in both males and females. Accompanied with these behavioral changes, c-Fos expression was elevated in many of the brain regions relevant for emotional processing, such as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus (PVN), basal/basolateral and central nucleus of the amygdala, and lateral habenular nucleus in both sexes; in the medial preoptic area, the increase in c-Fos expression was found only in females, whereas in the medial nucleus of the amygdala, this increase was found only in males. In particular, the GAD67/c-Fos and oxytocin (OT)/c-Fos colocalization rates were elevated in the ACC and PVN, indicating selective activation of GABA and OT neurons in these regions. The "stressed" pairs matched their anxiety-like behaviors in the open-field test, and their plasma corticosterone levels correlated well with each other, suggesting an empathy-based mechanism. This partner-directed grooming was blocked by pretreatment with an OT receptor antagonist or a GABAA receptor antagonist in the ACC but not by a V1a subtype vasopressin receptor antagonist. We conclude that consolation behavior can be elicited by the social defeat paradigm in mandarin voles, and this behavior may be involved in a coordinated network of emotion-related brain structures, which differs slightly between the sexes. We also found that the endogenous OT and the GABA systems within the ACC are essential for consolation behavior in mandarin voles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lai-Fu Li
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China; College of Life Sciences, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong He
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Li-Min Wang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Jing
- College of Life Sciences, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, 473061, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Qian-Qian Guo
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Xue-Ni Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Wen-Juan Hou
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China
| | - Fa-Dao Tai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, China.
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Zhang J, He ZX, Wang LM, Yuan W, Li LF, Hou WJ, Yang Y, Guo QQ, Zhang XN, Cai WQ, An SC, Tai FD. Voluntary Wheel Running Reverses Deficits in Social Behavior Induced by Chronic Social Defeat Stress in Mice: Involvement of the Dopamine System. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:256. [PMID: 31019446 PMCID: PMC6458241 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Voluntary exercise has been reported to have a therapeutic effect on many psychiatric disorders and social stress is known to impair social interaction. However, whether voluntary exercise could reverse deficits in social behaviors induced by chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. The present study shows CSDS impaired social preference and induced social interaction deficiency in susceptible mice. Voluntary wheel running (VWR) reversed these effects. In addition, CSDS decreased the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase in the ventral tegmental area and the D2 receptor (D2R) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell. These changes can be recovered by VWR. Furthermore, the recovery effect of VWR on deficits in social behaviors in CSDS mice was blocked by the microinjection of D2R antagonist raclopride into the NAc shell. Thus, these results suggest that the mechanism underlying CSDS-induced social interaction disorder might be caused by an alteration of the dopamine system. VWR may be a novel means to treat CSDS-induced deficits in social behaviors via modifying the dopamine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Xiong He
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li-Min Wang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lai-Fu Li
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen-Juan Hou
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian-Qian Guo
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue-Ni Zhang
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shu-Cheng An
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fa-Dao Tai
- Institute of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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He ZX, Cao ZW, Ding CW. [Thirty-two cases of nasal lymphoma CT and MRI analysis]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 30:516-519;522. [PMID: 29871058 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:Analysis of nasal lymphoma CT and MRI data, summarize imaging characteristics, provide help for clinical diagnosis. Method:Retrospectively analyzed the image manifestations of 32 cases of nasal lymphoma diagnosed by surgery and pathology. Lesion locations, tumor extension, bone destruction and its density, signal characteristics, enhancement degree, the situation of adjacent tissues were evaluated. Result:NK/T cells, T cell NHL have the characteristics: the lesions to diffuse growth, widely existed in nasal breathing zone, often involving middle and inferior turbinate, local bone slightly damaged, and no obvious bony shift. Tumor of uneven density, fuzzy boundaries, mixed signalse. The characteristics of B cell NHL: the lesion originated in the front of the nasal cavity, on the surrounding adjacent tissue compression performance, local feature is swelling growth and bone have insect damage sample sample, the dotted line change, very mild osseous shift, the tumor boundary is relatively clear, lesions density is uniform, and part of the uniform tumors had signal. Conclusion:Nasal lymphoma imaging changes have its characteristics. Image change prompts the pathological classification, providing help for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Z W Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - C W Ding
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110004, China
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Cai XY, Lu Y, Tang C, Lin XJ, Ye JH, Li WN, He ZX, Li FF. [Effect of interleukin-6 promoter DNA methylation on the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 97:1491-1495. [PMID: 28535641 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.19.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze peripheral blood interleukin-6 (IL-6) promoter DNA methylation status and its clinical significance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: Blood samples of 41 adult patients with SLE and 20 healthy controls were collected.The methylation status of IL-6 promoter was determined by methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). The IL-6 expression was detected by real-time PCR.Correlations between IL-6 promoter methylation status and clinical features or laboratory findings in patients with SLE were analyzed. Results: The levels of IL-6 mRNA were significantly higher in peripheral blood of SLE.DNA methylation levels of IL-6 promoter were reduced in SLE patients as compared with healthy controls.The methylation status and expression of IL-6 in peripheral blood reflected the levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Significantly positive correlation was found between IL-6 hypomethylation and renal disorder, as well as hypocomplementemia in patients with SLE. Conclusion: Hypomethylation of interleukin-6 promoter in peripheral blood might be involved in the etiology of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Cai
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
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He ZX, Wang S, Li ZF, Zhu L, Leng JH, Lang JH. [Risk factors of endometriosis associated ovarian carcinoma in women aged 45 years and older]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2017; 52:314-319. [PMID: 28545269 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Obiective: To explore the risk factors of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) in women with ovarian endometriosis aged 45 years and older in China. Methods: The medical records of total 1 038 women aged 45 years and older with a surgicopathological diagnosis of ovarian endometriosis treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 1994 to December 2014 were reviewed. Histology evaluation determined ovarian endometriosis with (n=30) or without (n=1 008) ovarian cancer. Results: (1) There were 30 (2.9%, 30/1 018) cases confirmed as having EAOC. Clear cell carcinoma (63.3%, 17/30) and endometrioid adenocarcinoma (23.3%, 7/30) were commonly observed subtypes and 70.0% of EAOC patients were at stage Ⅰ. (2) Compared women with ovarian endometriosis in the same age group, patients with EAOC were older (50.8 vs 48.5 years, P=0.002). There were more in postmenopausal status at diagnosis of EAOC (P<0.01). There were more found with a mass ≥8 cm (P<0.01). Women with EAOC had higher prevalence of coexisting endometrial disorders (P=0.003). No differences were found in preoperative CA(125) value and infertile or nulliparous women (P>0.05). Conclusions: For women with ovarian endometriosis aged 45 years and older, the subgroup of patients characterized by postmenopausal status and ovarian endometrioma (≥8 cm) have a higher risk of EAOC. Active intervention or intensive follow-up should be considered for this population group, especially for those concurrent with endometrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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He ZX, Ferlisi B, Eckert E, Brown HE, Aguilar A, Steele MA. Supplementing a yeast probiotic to pre-weaning Holstein calves: Feed intake, growth and fecal biomarkers of gut health. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017; 226:81-87. [PMID: 32288069 PMCID: PMC7125962 DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Efficacy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii (SCB) fed to calves was evaluated. SCB was supplemented in milk replacer and fed to healthy pre-weaned Holstein calves. No significant difference was observed in calf performance and health scores. No significant difference was observed in fecal biomarkers of gut health. No enteric and/or respiratory challenge was observed throughout the trial.
Diarrhea, resulting from gastrointestinal infection by pathogens, is a common cause of the high mortality and morbidity of neonatal calves. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing a yeast product in milk replacer (MR) on growth and health of calves, and on fecal populations of some targeted microorganisms related to calf health and growth (i.e., total bacteria, Escherichia coli, Clostridium cluster XIVa, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Bifidobacterium spp.). We hypothesized that feeding a Saccharomyces cerevisiae var boulardii (SCB) product would improve gastrointestinal health and growth performance of calves. Forty-two Holstein bull calves (42.6 ± 0.77 kg at birth) were randomly assigned on day 2 of age to either a control or SCB treatment. The SCB was supplemented in MR and fed at 5 g/d per head to supply 10 billion colony-forming units per day. All calves received high quality colostrum (>50 mg/mL of immunoglobulin G) during the first 24 h of life, and were fed with 8 L MR (150 g/L mixed with 40 °C water) daily from day 2–35, and 4 L daily from day 35–42. Calves were also fed calf starter ad libitum from day 7–56. Daily MR and starter offered and refused, daily fecal scores, nasal scores, ear scores, and weekly body weight of calves were recorded. Fecal samples were collected on day 7, 35 and 56 after the first feeding of that day for microbial targets analysis. Overall, there is no serious disease challenge for all the calves during the entire experimental period. No differences were observed in MR intake, starter intake, metabolizable energy (ME) intake, average daily gain, ME intake to gain ratio, fecal score, nasal score, eye score or any targeted microorganisms between treatments throughout the experiment. These results suggest that supplementing SCB in MR has no additive effects on animal growth or fecal biomarkers of gut health when calves do not show deteriorated health status.
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Key Words
- ADG, average daily gain
- BW, body weight
- Calf
- DM, dry matter
- E. coli, Escherichia coli
- Growth
- Intestinal health
- ME, metabolizable energy
- MR, milk replacer
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- SC, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- SCB, Saccharomyces cerevisiae var boulardii
- STP, serum total protein
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae var boulardii
- xfp, xylulose-5-phosphate/fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - B Ferlisi
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - E Eckert
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - H E Brown
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - A Aguilar
- Lallemand Animal Nutrition, Milwaukee, WI 53218, USA
| | - M A Steele
- Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
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He ZX, Lang JH. [Thoughts of medicine versus philosophy]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2016; 51:887-889. [PMID: 28057122 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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He ZX, Walker ND, McAllister TA, Yang WZ. Effect of wheat dried distillers grains with solubles and fibrolytic enzymes on ruminal fermentation, digestibility, growth performance, and feeding behavior of beef cattle. J Anim Sci 2016; 93:1218-28. [PMID: 26020898 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of wheat dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) and fibrolytic enzymes (FE) on ruminal fermentation, in situ ruminal and in vivo total tract digestibility, growth performance, and feeding behavior of growing beef cattle. In Exp. 1, 6 ruminally cannulated Angus heifers (average BW of 794 ± 44.2 kg) were used in a 6 × 6 Latin square design with 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Treatments were a control diet consisting of 50% barley silage, 10% grass hay, and 40% barley grain-based concentrate (CON) and the CON with 15% DDGS substituted for barley grain (WDG) combined with either 0, 1, or 2 mL FE/kg diet DM, respectively. Inclusion of DDGS increased total tract digestibility of CP ( < 0.01), NDF ( = 0.04), and ADF ( = 0.03). Increasing FE linearly ( = 0.03) increased CP digestibility without affecting the digestibility of other nutrients. There were no effects of DDGS inclusion or FE on ruminal pH or VFA concentration except that propionate was greater ( = 0.04) with the WDG. In situ ruminal DM and NDF disappearance of barley silage was greater ( < 0.04) in heifers fed the WDG than in heifers fed the CON after 24 h of incubation. Increasing FE linearly ( = 0.03) increased in situ NDF disappearance of barley silage after 24 h of incubation. In Exp. 2, 120 weaned steers (initial BW of 289 ± 11.0 kg) were fed diets similar to those in Exp. 1. The steers fed the WDG had greater ( < 0.01) final BW, ADG, DMI, and G:F compared with steers fed the CON. Increasing FE did not alter ADG or G:F but tended ( < 0.07) to linearly decrease DMI. There were interactions ( < 0.02) between DDGS and FE on eating rate and the time spent at the feed bunk. Supplementing FE decreased ( < 0.01) time at the bunk and increased ( < 0.01) eating rate for steers fed the WDG but not for steers fed the CON. Eating rate ( < 0.01) and meal frequency ( = 0.02) were greater but eating duration was shorter ( < 0.01) for steers fed the WDG than for those fed the CON. These results indicate that inclusion of wheat DDGS in a growing diet increased total tract digestibility of NDF and CP and improved the feed efficiency of steers. Moreover, supplementation of FE in barley silage-based growing diets may also have the potential to increase profits, with the evidence of the trend for a decline on DMI without decreasing ADG when adding FE.
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He ZX, Sun ZH, Yang WZ, Beauchemin KA, Tang SX, Zhou CS, Han XF, Wang M, Kang JH, Tan ZL. Effects of maternal protein or energy restriction during late gestation on immune status and responses to lipopolysaccharide challenge in postnatal young goats. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:4856-64. [PMID: 25253814 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of maternal malnutrition of ruminants and effects on development of the immune system of their offspring is lacking. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of maternal protein or energy restriction during late gestation on immune status of their offspring at different ages. Sixty-three pregnant goats (local breed, Liuyang black goat, 22.2 ± 1.5 kg at d 90 of gestation) were fed control (CON, ME = 9.34 MJ/kg and CP = 12.5%, DM basis), 40% protein restricted (PR), or 40% energy restricted (ER) diets from d 91 of gestation to parturition, after which all animals received an adequate diet for nutritional recovery. Plasma concentrations of complement components (C3, C4), C-reactive protein (CRP) and immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM), jejunum cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10) expression levels and morphology in the offspring were measured. Additionally, plasma concentration of complement and IL-6, and cytokines expression levels in gastrointestinal tract obtained at 6 wk from young goats were assessed under saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenging conditions. Maternal PR or ER decreased (P < 0.05) plasma C3, C4, IgG, and IgM concentrations, and IL-2 and IL-6 mRNA expression in the jejunum from neonatal kids, but did not alter (P > 0.05) plasma CRP concentration. The IL-10 mRNA expression of jejunum from PR kids was also less (P < 0.01) than that from CON kids. Moreover, jejunum villous height (P < 0.10 in PR, P < 0.05 in ER) and crypt depth (P < 0.05 both in PR and ER) were reduced in neonatal kids from malnourished mothers. At 6 wk of age, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in any plasma or tissue immune parameters among the 3 treatments. However, when given a LPS challenge, ER and PR kids had greater (P = 0.02) IL-6 concentration compared with CON kids. Our results suggest that both PR and ER during late gestation induced short-term as well as long-lasting alterations on immune responses in their offspring, which may make the animals more susceptible to a bacterial pathogen challenge. The present findings expand the existing knowledge in immunological mechanisms responsible for the development of disease in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Z H Sun
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - W Z Yang
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - K A Beauchemin
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - S X Tang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - C S Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - X F Han
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - M Wang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - J H Kang
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - Z L Tan
- Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
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He ZX, He ML, Walker ND, McAllister TA, Yang WZ. Using a fibrolytic enzyme in barley-based diets containing wheat dried distillers grains with solubles: ruminal fermentation, digestibility, and growth performance of feedlot steers. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:3978-87. [PMID: 24987082 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-7707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of adding an exogenous fibrolytic enzyme (FE) on ruminal pH and fermentation, digestibility, and growth performance of feedlot beef cattle fed a finishing diet containing wheat dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). In Exp. 1, 4 ruminally cannulated Angus heifers (average BW of 807 ± 93.9 kg) were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. Treatments were 1) control (CON; 10% barley silage and 90% barley grain-based concentrate), 2) CON diet substituting 30% wheat DDGS for barley grain (WDG), 3) WDG diet supplemented with low FE (WDGL), and 4) WDG diet supplemented with high FE (WDGH). Heifers fed WDG had less (P = 0.01) total tract DM digestibility than heifers fed CON. Increasing FE linearly (P < 0.05) increased starch digestibility without affecting digestibility of other nutrients. Addition of FE also reduced (P = 0.03) ruminal ammonia-N (NH3-N) concentration but did not affect VFA concentration. Moreover, application of FE to wheat DDGS linearly increased in situ ruminal DM (P < 0.01) and NDF (P = 0.02) disappearance after 48 h of incubation. In Exp. 2, 160 yearling steers (initial BW = 495 ± 37.9 kg) were fed the same diets as in Exp. 1. No differences in DMI, final BW, ADG, dietary NEg, or carcass characteristics were observed among diets. However, the steers fed WDG had less (P < 0.05) G:F and greater number of (P < 0.01) abscessed livers than steers fed CON. Increasing FE application in wheat DDGS diets did not affect DMI, final BW, or ADG but tended (P < 0.09) to linearly improve feed efficiency and decreased (P = 0.03) the incidence of abscessed livers. These results demonstrated adverse effects of including wheat DDGS in finishing diets on feed digestion, feed efficiency, and animal health. Application of FE in wheat DDGS-based diets potentially improved starch digestion, protein metabolism in the rumen, feed efficiency, and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan 410125, China
| | - M L He
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - N D Walker
- AB Vista Feed Ingredients, Marlborough, Wiltshire SN8 4AN, UK
| | - T A McAllister
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - W Z Yang
- Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta T1J 4B1, Canada
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20
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Chen T, Cai MX, Li YY, He ZX, Shi XC, Song W, Wang YH, Xi Y, Kang YM, Tian ZJ. Aerobic exercise inhibits sympathetic nerve sprouting and restores β-adrenergic receptor balance in rats with myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97810. [PMID: 24842290 PMCID: PMC4026473 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiac sympathetic nerve sprouting and the dysregulation of β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) play a critical role in the deterioration of cardiac function after myocardial infarction (MI). Growing evidence indicates that exercise provides protection against MI. The aims of this study were to investigate whether aerobic exercise following MI could inhibit sympathetic nerve sprouting and restore the balance of β3-AR/β1-AR. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated control group (SC), MI group (MI), and MI with aerobic exercise group (ME). The rats in ME group were assigned to 8 weeks of exercise protocol (16 m/min, 50 min/d, 5 d/wk). The expression of nerve growth factor (NGF), the sympathetic nerve marker-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the nerve sprouting marker-growth associated protein 43 (GAP43), and β1- and β2-AR expression in the peri-infarct area of the left ventricle (LV) were measured by Western blot and immunohistochemistry, while β3-AR expression was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS2), phospho-NOS2 (p-NOS2), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) were measured by Western blot. Results MI increased LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and decreased LV systolic pressure (LVSP). Compared with the MI group, aerobic exercise significantly decreased LVEDP and increased LVSP. The protein expression of TH, GAP43 and NGF was significantly increased after MI, which was normalized by exercise. Compared with the SC group, the ratios of β2-AR/β1-AR and β3-AR/β1-AR were elevated in the MI group, and the protein expression of β3-AR and NOS1 increased after MI. Compared with the MI group, the ratios of β2-AR/β1-AR and β3-AR/β1-AR were normalized in the ME group, while the protein expression of β3-AR and NOS1 significantly increased, and NOS2 was activated by exercise. Conclusions Aerobic exercise inhibits cardiac sympathetic nerve sprouting, restores β3-AR/β1-AR balance and increases β3-AR expression through the activation of NOS2 and NOS1 after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- Department of Sports and Exercise, Tibet University for Nationalities, Xian yang, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Xin Cai
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - You-You Li
- Department of Physiology and Department of Cardiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Xiong He
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Xiu-Chao Shi
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wei Song
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - You-Hua Wang
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yue Xi
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi’an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Jun Tian
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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21
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Tian ZJ, He ZX, Cai MX. [Exercise intervention in skeletal muscle endocrine function]. Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan 2013; 44:275-280. [PMID: 24228519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
As a new secretory organ skeletal muscle, which could secrete a variety of biological active substances, plays an important role in biological function and clinical medicine, and has important research value and application scenarios in the field of sports medicine. Different mode and intensity of exercise would give different influences on skeletal muscle endocrine function. Exercise intervention could improve the chronic disease, such as metabolic disease (obesity, diabetes) and muscle atrophy by changing endocrine function of the skeletal muscle. It will be great valuable to explore the mechanisms of exercise-induced skeletal muscle endocrine, seek for the appropriate biomarker, make exercise prescription, which would give improtant theoretical value and application prospect for the exercise system function improvement metabolic disease grevention and exercise rehabilitation of the systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Jun Tian
- Exercise & Cardiovascular Lab, Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
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Sun ZH, He ZX, Zhang QL, Tan ZL, Han XF, Tang SX, Zhou CS, Wang M, Yan QX. Effects of energy and protein restriction, followed by nutritional recovery on morphological development of the gastrointestinal tract of weaned kids. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:4336-44. [PMID: 23851992 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2011-4500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of energy, protein, or both energy and protein restriction on gastrointestinal morphological development were investigated in 60 Liuyang Black kids, which were sourced from local farms and weaned at 28 d of age. Weaned kids were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 4 dietary treatments (15 kids per treatment), which consisted of adequate nutrient supply (CON), energy restriction (ER), protein restriction (PR), or energy and protein restriction (EPR). The entire experiment included adaptation period (0 to 6 d), nutritional restriction period (7 to 48 d), and recovery period (49 to 111 d). Three kids from each group were killed at d 48 and 111, and the rumen, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were harvested. On d 48 (end of nutritional restriction), lengths of the duodenum (P = 0.005), jejunum (P = 0.003), and ileum (P = 0.003), and weights of the rumen (P = 0.004), duodenum (P = 0.006), jejunum (P = 0.006), and ileum (P = 0.004) of kids in ER, PR, and EPR were less than those of kids in CON. Compared with CON, PR decreased papillae width (P = 0.03) and surface area (P = 0.05) of the rumen epithelium, villus surface area (P = 0.05), and N concentration (P = 0.02) of the jejunum mucosa on d 48. Compared with CON, EPR decreased papillae height (P = 0.001), width (P = 0.001), and surface area (P = 0.003), N concentration (P = 0.01), and the ratio of N to DNA (P = 0.03) of the rumen epithelium. Compared with CON, EPR also decreased villus height (P = 0.01), width (P = 0.006), and surface area (P = 0.006), N concentration (P < 0.001), and the ratio of N to DNA (P < 0.001) of the jejunum mucosa on d 48. On d 111 (end of nutritional recovery), lengths of the duodenum (P = 0.001), jejunum (P = 0.001), and ileum (P = 0.001), weights of the rumen (P < 0.001), duodenum (P = 0.001), jejunum (P < 0.001), and ileum (P < 0.001) of kids in ER, PR, and EPR were still less than those of kids in CON; N concentrations of rumen epithelium of kids in PR (P = 0.01) and EPR (P = 0.001), and the ratio of N to DNA of jejunum mucosa of kids in EPR (P < 0.001) were greater than those of kids in CON. Results indicate that nutritional restriction of 6 wk can retard gastrointestinal morphological development for kids weaned at 28 d of age and retarded development remains evident, even after nutritional recovery of 9 wk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha PO Box 10, Hunan 410125, PR China
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He ZX, Sun ZH, Tan ZL, Tang SX, Zhou CS, Han XF, Wang M, Wu DQ, Kang JH, Beauchemin KA. Effects of maternal protein or energy restriction during late gestation on antioxidant status of plasma and immune tissues in postnatal goats. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:4319-26. [PMID: 22952363 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal malnutrition can have temporary or long-lasting effects on development and physiological function of offspring. Our objective was to investigate whether maternal protein or energy restriction in late gestation affects the antioxidant status of plasma, immune organs (thymus and spleen), and natural barrier organs (jejunum) in neonatal goats and whether the effects could be reversed after nutritional recovery. Forty-five pregnant goats (Liuyang Blacks) of similar age (2.0 ± 0.3 yr) and BW (22.2 ± 1.5 kg at d 90 of gestation) were assigned to 3 dietary treatments during late gestation: control (ME = 9.34 MJ/kg and CP = 12.5%, DM basis), 40% protein restricted (PR), and 40% energy restricted (ER) until parturition, after which offspring received the normal diet for nutritional recovery. Plasma and tissues of kids were sampled to determine antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and catalase (CAT)] and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (Cu/Zn-SOD [SOD1], CAT, and peroxiredoxin 2 [PRDX2]). Maternal protein or energy restriction decreased (P < 0.05) SOD activities in plasma, liver, thymus, and spleen and SOD1 expression in thymus, and maternal energy restriction also decreased (P < 0.05) plasma GSH-Px activity and expressions of SOD1 and CAT in liver at birth. After nutritional recovery of 6 wk, SOD activities in thymus (both in PR and ER) and spleen (only in PR) were greater (P < 0.05), but CAT activity of thymus (both in PR and ER) and CAT expression (only in ER) were less (P < 0.01) than those in control. After nutritional recovery of 22 wk, SOD1 and PRDX2 expression in thymus (both in PR and ER) and SOD1 expression in liver (only in ER) were greater (P < 0.05) whereas CAT expression in thymus (both in PR and ER) was less (P < 0.001) than in control. The current results indicate that maternal protein or energy restriction can decrease the antioxidant capacity of the neonatal kids and result in an imbalance of SOD and hydrogen peroxide-inactivating systems in thymus, even after 6 or 22 wk of nutritional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, PR China
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Qu KX, Huang BZ, Yang GR, He ZX, Zhang YP, Zan LS. Genetic diversity analysis of BMY cattle based on microsatellite DNA markers. Genetika 2012; 48:522-528. [PMID: 22730772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BMY cattle (1/2 Brahman, 1/4 Murray Grey and 1/4 Yunnan Yellow cattle) has been inter se breeding since 1980s. Genetic diversity of BMY cattle was extensively investigated using 16 microsatellite markers. A total of 130 microsatellite alleles and high allele size variance were detected. All loci displayed high genetic diversity with overall mean of N(a) = 8.13, PIC = 0.7224 and H(e) = 0.7666, which were higher than those of many other beef breeds. The allele-sharing neighbour-joining tree clearly displayed the new genotypic combinations and the minglement from both BMY cattle and Brahman. The results provided the genetic information to match the standards of new beef breed in South China.
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Affiliation(s)
- K X Qu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Abstract
In a large sample of over 4,000 Chinese residents in the Wuling and Sino-Vietnamese border regions of China, females had a higher incidence of ever wishing that they were dead. This sex difference was found regardless of marital status, age, and occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Guangxi Academy of Social Sciences, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
The rise in suicide rate among elderly people in China in recent years is noteworthy and may be associated with the increasing poverty of elderly people and the lack of social resources allocated to providing them with needed services to ensure their health and mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Guangxi Academy of Social Sciences, China
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Treuth MG, Reyes GA, He ZX, Cwajg E, Mahmarian JJ, Verani MS. Tolerance and diagnostic accuracy of an abbreviated adenosine infusion for myocardial scintigraphy: a randomized, prospective study. J Nucl Cardiol 2001; 8:548-54. [PMID: 11593218 DOI: 10.1067/mnc.2001.116167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objectives of this study were 2-fold: (1) to determine the tolerance of adenosine perfusion tomography with the use of an abbreviated (3-minute) infusion in comparison to the standard (6-minute) infusion, and (2) to assess the relative diagnostic accuracy of a 3-minute adenosine infusion in patients referred for arteriography. An abbreviated adenosine infusion may decrease the frequency and duration of side effects and be a more cost-effective alternative. METHODS AND RESULTS We prospectively randomized 599 patients undergoing adenosine myocardial perfusion tomography to either a 3-minute or 6-minute adenosine infusion at 140 microg/kg per minute. Among the 599 enrolled patients, 142 subsequently underwent coronary angiography. Patients randomized to the 3-minute adenosine infusion tolerated the procedure better than those randomized to the standard infusion (P <.01). Flushing, headache, neck pain, and atrioventricular block were all significantly less frequent (P <.01) with the abbreviated infusion. Moreover, patients receiving the abbreviated infusion had less hypotension and tachycardia (P <.05). The sensitivity of the test for detection of coronary artery disease was 88% for both the 3- and 6-minute infusions. In patients with abnormal scan results, perfusion defect size was slightly larger in those receiving a 6-minute infusion versus those receiving a 3-minute infusion (P =.05). CONCLUSIONS An abbreviated 3-minute adenosine infusion, in combination with perfusion tomography, has similar sensitivity for detection of coronary artery disease and is better tolerated than the standard 6-minute infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Treuth
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine/The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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28
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Abstract
Examination of 17 suicide notes from youthful Chinese suicides indicated the common appearance of anger, self-criticism, and interpersonal friction as precipitant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Guangxi Academy of Social Sciences
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29
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He ZX, Mahmarian JJ, Verani MS. Myocardial perfusion in patients with total occlusion of a single coronary artery with and without collateral circulation. J Nucl Cardiol 2001; 8:452-7. [PMID: 11481567 DOI: 10.1067/mnc.2001.114799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies that investigated the effects of coronary collateral circulation on myocardial perfusion were compromised by inclusion of patients with multivessel coronary artery disease, incomplete occlusion, prior myocardial infarction, or a combination of these. In this study we ascertained the relationship between angiographic collateral circulation and myocardial perfusion only in patients with total occlusion of a single coronary artery, in the absence of myocardial infarction or significant stenosis in the other coronary arteries. METHODS AND RESULTS Seventy-one consecutive patients underwent stress myocardial single photon emission computed tomography within 90 days of angiography. Collateral circulation was present in 49 patients and absent in 22 patients. All but 2 patients had abnormal perfusion by single photon emission computed tomography imaging, with a mean defect size of 19% +/- 12%, and most (83%) had reversible perfusion defects. Defect count activities improved from stress to rest (or redistribution) (45% +/- 13% to 59% +/- 14%, P <.001). Abnormal myocardial perfusion occurred with similar frequency in patients with collateral circulation and in those without it. Total defect size was 19% +/- 12% in patients with and 18% +/- 11% in those without collateral circulation (P = not significant). The extent of reversibility and defect count activity during stress and rest were similar in patients with collateral circulation and in those without it. CONCLUSIONS In patients with a single-vessel total coronary occlusion and without myocardial infarction, stress-induced myocardial ischemia is almost always present, irrespective of presence or absence of angiographic collaterals. These data lend support to the premise that collateral circulation is rather insufficient to prevent stress-induced ischemia, although it can preserve myocardial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fu Wai Hospital, Beijing, China
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Lee JR, He ZX, Dakik H, Verani MS. Myocardial perfusion and angiographic correlations in patients with ST-segment elevation during dobutamine stress perfusion imaging. J Nucl Cardiol 2001; 8:365-70. [PMID: 11391307 DOI: 10.1067/mnc.2001.114236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is scanty information on the angiographic and myocardial perfusion correlates of dobutamine-induced ST-segment elevation. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 39 patients who exhibited ST-segment elevation during dobutamine perfusion tomography and had recent coronary angiography performed (ie, within 3 months of the dobutamine study). Baseline characteristics, extent of coronary artery disease, relationship of Q waves to ST-segment elevation, ischemic burden, and angiographic findings were assessed. Twenty-nine patients (74%) had prior myocardial infarction, and 77% had abnormal Q waves at baseline. Ninety-three percent of patients had abnormal perfusion imaging. Eighty percent of patients had multivessel coronary artery disease. The left ventricular ejection fraction by contrast ventriculography was 35% +/- 7% (mean +/- SD), the perfusion defect size was 32% +/- 15%, and 73% of patients had some degree of myocardial ischemia. A predominance of ischemia (>50% reversibility) occurred in 38% of patients with Q waves and in 70% of those without Q waves. There was also good agreement between the site of ST-segment elevation and the site of ischemia by perfusion imaging (79%) and between the site of ST-segment elevation and the location of the vessel with significant coronary stenosis (95%). CONCLUSIONS Patients with dobutamine-induced ST-segment elevation have a depressed left ventricular ejection fraction, a high frequency of multivessel disease, and markedly abnormal myocardial perfusion tomography. In patients with ST-segment elevation and abnormal Q waves, substantial scarring and superimposed ischemia coexist, whereas in patients without Q waves, ST-segment elevation usually denotes severe ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Lee
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Yong Y, Nagueh SF, Shimoni S, Shan K, He ZX, Reardon MJ, Letsou GV, Howell JF, Verani MS, Quiñones MA, Zoghbi WA. Deceleration time in ischemic cardiomyopathy: relation to echocardiographic and scintigraphic indices of myocardial viability and functional recovery after revascularization. Circulation 2001; 103:1232-7. [PMID: 11238266 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.103.9.1232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with heart failure secondary to left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, a short deceleration time (DT) successfully predicts clinical outcome. The impact of myocardial viability and revascularization on the mitral inflow velocities, however, is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy underwent (201)Tl scintigraphy (SPECT) and 2D, Doppler, and dobutamine echocardiography (DE, to 40 microg. kg(-1). min(-1)) 2 days before CABG. Echocardiography was repeated 3 months after revascularization to determine recovery of function. Significant correlations were present between DT and LV contractile reserve by DE (r=0.72), scar perfusion defect by SPECT (r=-0.69), and the change in ejection fraction (DeltaEF) after surgery (r=0.77) (all P:<0.01). DT >150 ms effectively identified (sensitivity 79%, specificity 81%) patients with DeltaEF >/=5%. The population was divided into 2 groups according to DT: group 1 (DT >150 ms, n=21) and group 2 (DT </=150 ms, n=19). At baseline, NYHA class, LV EF, age, and use of cardiovascular drugs were similar between the 2 groups. The number of viable segments by both DE and SPECT, however, was higher in group 1 (both P:<0.01), and only patients in group 1 had an increase in EF (29+/-4.8% to 40+/-8%, P:<0.01) after surgery. Death and heart transplantation occurred in 7 patients from group 2 and 1 patient from group 1 (P:=0.017). CONCLUSIONS In patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, the reduced amount of viable myocardium results in a restrictive mitral inflow pattern, which in turn predicts poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yong
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Leenaars A, Cantor C, Connolly J, EchoHawk M, Gailiene D, He ZX, Kokorina N, Lester D, Lopatin AA, Rodriguez M, Schlebusch L, Takahashi Y, Vijayakumar L, Wenckstern S. Controlling the environment to prevent suicide: international perspectives. Can J Psychiatry 2000; 45:639-44. [PMID: 11056826 DOI: 10.1177/070674370004500706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide and suicidal behaviour are multifaceted events requiring complex solutions. Controlling the environment is a neglected solution, despite strong support for this approach from the World Health Organization (WHO). METHOD To discuss this approach from a global view, this review is written by authors from various cultures: American, Australian, Canadian, Chinese, Cuban, Dutch, Indian, Irish, Japanese, Lithuanian, Native North American, Russian, and South African. RESULTS We examine gun control to illustrate the environmental control approach; however, the worldwide diversity of suicide methods calls for diverse responses. Further, controlling the environment encompasses more than restricting the means of suicide, which we illustrate with examples of toned-down media reports and restricted medicine availability. CONCLUSIONS Controlling the environment may be a viable strategy for preventing suicide, although research shows that few clinicians implement such approaches.
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Verani MS, Taillefer R, Iskandrian AE, Mahmarian JJ, He ZX, Orlandi C. 123I-IPPA SPECT for the prediction of enhanced left ventricular function after coronary bypass graft surgery. Multicenter IPPA Viability Trial Investigators. 123I-iodophenylpentadecanoic acid. J Nucl Med 2000; 41:1299-307. [PMID: 10945518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Fatty acids are the prime metabolic substrate for myocardial energy production. Hence, fatty acid imaging may be useful in the assessment of myocardial hibernation. The goal of this prospective, multicenter trial was to assess the use of a fatty acid, 123I-iodophenylpentadecanoic acid (IPPA), to identify viable, hibernating myocardium. METHODS Patients (n = 119) with abnormal left ventricular wall motion and a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 40% who were already scheduled to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) underwent IPPA tomography (rest and 30-min redistribution) and blood-pool radionuclide angiography within 3 d of the scheduled operation. Radionuclide angiography was repeated 6-8 wk after CABG. The study endpoint was a > or =10% increase in LVEF after CABG. The number of IPPA-viable abnormally contracting segments necessary to predict a positive LVEF outcome was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and was included in a logistic regression analysis, together with selected clinical variables. RESULTS Before CABG, abnormal IPPA tomography findings were seen in 113 of 119 patients (95%), of whom 71 (60%) had redistribution in the 30-min images. The LVEF increased modestly after CABG (from 32% +/- 12% to 36% +/- 8%, P< 0.001).A > or =10% increase in LVEF after CABG occurred in 27 of 119 patients (23%). By ROC curves, the best predictor of a > or =10% increase in LVEF was the presence of > or =7 IPPA-viable segments (accuracy, 72%; confidence interval, 64%-80%). Among clinical and scintigraphic variables, the single most important predictor also was the number of IPPA-viable segments (P = 0.008). The number of IPPA-viable segments added significant incremental value to the best clinical predictor model. CONCLUSION Asubstantial increase in LVEF occurs after CABG in only a minority of patients (23%) with depressed preoperative function. The number of IPPA-viable segments is useful in predicting a clinically meaningful increase in LVEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Verani
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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He ZX, Cwajg E, Hwang W, Hartley CJ, Funk E, Michael LH, Verani MS. Myocardial blood flow and myocardial uptake of (201)Tl and (99m)Tc-sestamibi during coronary vasodilation induced by CGS-21680, a selective adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist. Circulation 2000; 102:438-44. [PMID: 10908217 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.102.4.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the hemodynamic and coronary vasodilatory effects of CGS-21680, a potent selective adenosine A(2A) agonist, as well as its potential use as a new stress modality in combination with perfusion scintigraphy. METHODS AND RESULTS A stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was produced in dogs to reduce the reactive hyperemic response to <20%. Adenosine and CGS-21680 were then separately infused to maximize left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) flow velocity. (201)Tl (0.5 mCi) and (99m)Tc-sestamibi (5 mCi) were injected at the maximal dose of CGS-21680. Heart rate decreased with adenosine but increased during CGS-21680 infusion (P<0.005). The decrease in systolic blood pressure was more prominent with adenosine than with CGS-21680 (P<0.005). In the control LCx zone, maximal myocardial blood flow (MBF) (measured by radioactive microspheres) increased 3.1-fold during adenosine infusion (P<0.005) and 3.8-fold during CGS-21680 infusion (P<0.005). In the stenotic LAD zone, MBF did not change significantly. During adenosine and CGS-21680 infusion, stenosis/control zone MBF ratios were comparable (0.32+/-0.11 versus 0.27+/-0.10, P=NS), and transmural (201)Tl and (99m)Tc-sestamibi count-activity ratios (0.48+/-0.11 and 0.51+/-0.09, respectively) were also comparable (P=NS). Myocardial scintigraphy uncovered perfusion defects in all dogs. CONCLUSIONS CGS-21680 elicits coronary vasodilation comparable to that of adenosine and produces profound heterogeneity of MBF and of (201)Tl and (99m)Tc-sestamibi myocardial uptake, rendering it a promising agent for pharmacological myocardial perfusion imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine/Methodist Hospital, Houston, Tex, USA
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Cwajg JM, Cwajg E, Nagueh SF, He ZX, Qureshi U, Olmos LI, Quinones MA, Verani MS, Winters WL, Zoghbi WA. End-diastolic wall thickness as a predictor of recovery of function in myocardial hibernation: relation to rest-redistribution T1-201 tomography and dobutamine stress echocardiography. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35:1152-61. [PMID: 10758955 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(00)00525-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study assessed whether end-diastolic wall thickness (EDWT), measured with echocardiography, is an important marker of myocardial viability in patients with suspected myocardial hibernation, and it compared this index to currently established diagnostic modalities of dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) and rest-redistribution thallium-201 (T1-201) scintigraphy. BACKGROUND Because myocardial necrosis is associated with myocardial thinning, preserved EDWT may provide a simple index of myocardial viability that is readily available from the resting echocardiogram. METHODS Accordingly, 45 patients with stable coronary artery disease and ventricular dysfunction underwent rest 2D echocardiograms, DSE and rest-redistribution T1-201 tomography before revascularization and a repeat resting echocardiogram > or =2 months later. RESULTS Global wall motion score index decreased from 2.38 +/- 0.73 to 1.94 +/- 0.82 after revascularization (p < 0.001). Thirty-eight percent of severely dysfunctional segments recovered resting function. Compared to segments without recovery of resting function, those with recovery had greater EDWT (0.94 +/- 0.18 cm vs. 0.67 +/- 0.22 cm, p < or = 0.0001) and a higher T1-201 uptake (78 +/- 13% vs. 59 +/- 21%; p < 0.0001). An EDWT >0.6 cm had a sensitivity of 94% and specificity of 48% for recovery of function. Similarly, a T1-201 maximal uptake of > or =60% had a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 50%. Receiver operating characteristic curves for prediction of recovery of regional and global function were similar for EDWT and maximum T1-201 uptake. Combination of EDWT and any contractile reserve during DSE for recovery of regional function improved the specificity to 77% without a significant loss in sensitivity (88%). CONCLUSIONS End-diastolic wall thickness is an important marker of myocardial viability in patients with suspected hibernation, and it can predict recovery of function similar to T1-201 scintigraphy. Importantly, a simple measurement of EDWT < or =0.6 cm virtually excludes the potential for recovery of function and is a valuable adjunct to DSE in the assessment of myocardial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Cwajg
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Udelson JE, He ZX, Leppo JA, Allman KC, Underwood R, Lele V, Chua T, Bavelaar-Croon CD, van der Wall EE, Prigent FM. Journal of Nuclear Cardiology Nuclear Cardiology News Update. J Nucl Cardiol 2000; 7:194-5. [PMID: 27517561 DOI: 10.1016/s1071-3581(00)90047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Raggi P, Callister TQ, Cooil B, He ZX, Lippolis NJ, Russo DJ, Zelinger A, Mahmarian JJ. Identification of patients at increased risk of first unheralded acute myocardial infarction by electron-beam computed tomography. Circulation 2000; 101:850-5. [PMID: 10694523 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.101.8.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 561] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a clear relationship between absolute calcium scores (CS) and severity of coronary artery disease. However, hard coronary events have been shown to occur across all ranges of CS. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted 2 analyses: in group A, 172 patients underwent electron-beam CT (EBCT) imaging within 60 days of suffering an unheralded myocardial infarction. In group B, 632 patients screened by EBCT were followed up for a mean of 32+/-7 months for the development of acute myocardial infarction or cardiac death. The mean patient age and prevalence of coronary calcification were similar in the 2 groups (53+/-8 versus 52+/-9 years and 96% each). In group B, the annualized event rate was 0.11% for subjects with CS of 0, 2.1% for CS 1 to 99, 4.1% for CS 100 to 400, and 4.8% for CS >400, and only 7% of the patients had CS >400. However, mild, moderate, and extensive absolute CSs were distributed similarly between patients with events in both groups (34%, 35%, and 27%, respectively, in group A and 44%, 30%, and 22% in group B). In contrast, the majority of events in both groups occurred in patients with CS >75th percentile (70% in each group). CONCLUSIONS Coronary calcium is present in most patients who suffer acute coronary events. Although the event rate is greater for patients with high absolute CSs, few patients have this degree of calcification on a screening EBCT. Conversely, the majority of events occur in individuals with high CS percentiles. Hence, CS percentiles constitute a more effective screening method to stratify individuals at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Raggi
- EBT Research Foundation and Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37075, USA.
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Cwajg E, Cwajg J, Keng F, He ZX, Nagueh S, Verani MS. Comparison of global and regional left ventricular function assessed by gated-SPECT and 2-D echocardiography. Rev Port Cardiol 2000; 19 Suppl 1:I39-46. [PMID: 10750438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) function and volumes have major diagnostic and prognostic importance in patients with heart diseases. Those measurements are most commonly obtained with echocardiographic techniques. Recently, with the use of electrocardiographic gating during the acquisition of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, it has become possible to simultaneously assess LV perfusion, function and volumes. Both technetium-99m labeled agents and thallium-201, the most commonly used tracers for perfusion scintigraphy, can be used for gated perfusion purposes. Many authors compared gated perfusion images to echocardiography, in regard to LV global and segmental wall motion as well as volumes. We performed gated single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and echocardiography in 109 consecutive patients (53 male, 56 female, mean age 63 +/- 14 years) within 15 days of each other. Gated tomographic data, including LV volumes, LV ejection fraction and segmental wall motion, were processed using an automatic algorithm whereas echocardiography used standard techniques. To obtain interobserver and intraobserver variability of regional wall motion, we randomly re-analyzed 34 of the 109 gated SPECT studies. The correlations between gated tomography and echocardiography with respect to end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume and left ventricular ejection fraction were good to excellent (all p < 0.001, r values > or = 0.68) regardless of the use of post-stress or rest/redistribution images, thallium-201 or technetium-99m tracers. The agreement between both techniques, regarding segmental wall motion analysis were also good. Intraobserver and interobserver variability for regional wall motion were good to excellent, with an agreement of 90% and 88%, respectively. Other authors also had similar results in different studies with different populations, tracers, imaging acquisition and processing protocols. Thus, quantitative gated SPECT, using a variety of protocols and with either Tl-201 or Tc-99m tracers, has a good correlation with echocardiography for the measurements of absolute LV volumes and LV global and regional function. This technique is highly reproducible and can be used clinically for those measurements, with the additional advantage that the ventricular performance parameters are obtained from the perfusion images. Furthermore, contrary to echocardiographic techniques used to assess LV volumes and LV function, which are quite labor intensive and more observer-dependent, the gated SPECT technique is nearly totally automatic, and highly reproducible.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cwajg
- State University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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He ZX, Hedrick TD, Pratt CM, Verani MS, Aquino V, Roberts R, Mahmarian JJ. Severity of coronary artery calcification by electron beam computed tomography predicts silent myocardial ischemia. Circulation 2000; 101:244-51. [PMID: 10645919 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.101.3.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of subclinical coronary artery disease (CAD) before the development of life-threatening cardiac complications has great potential clinical relevance. Electron beam computed tomography (EBCT) is currently the only noninvasive test that can detect CAD in all stages of its development and thus has the potential to be an excellent screening technique for identifying asymptomatic subjects with underlying myocardial ischemia. METHODS AND RESULTS Over 2.5 years, we prospectively studied 3895 generally asymptomatic subjects with EBCT, 411 of whom had stress myocardial perfusion tomography (SPECT) within a close (median, 17 days) time period. SPECT and exercise treadmill results were compared with the coronary artery calcium score (CACS) as assessed by EBCT. The total CACS identified a population at high risk for having myocardial ischemia by SPECT although only a minority of subjects (22%) with an abnormal EBCT had an abnormal SPECT. No subject with CACS <10 had an abnormal SPECT compared with 2.6% of those with scores from 11 to 100, 11.3% of those with scores from 101 to 399, and 46% of those with scores >/=400 (P<0.0001). CACS predicted an abnormal SPECT regardless of subject age or sex. CONCLUSIONS CACS identifies a high-risk group of asymptomatic subjects who have clinically important silent myocardial ischemia. Our results support the role of EBCT as the initial screening tool for identifying individuals at various stages of CAD development for whom therapeutic decision making may differ considerably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Bai JS, He ZX. [Effect of DNA methylation on malignancy]. Sheng Li Ke Xue Jin Zhan 2000; 31:50-2. [PMID: 12532768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
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Abstract
Estimates of the Chinese suicide rate are made from two sources and found to be in the range of 13 to 19 per 100,000 per year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Guangxi Academy of Social Sciences, China
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Cwajg E, Cwajg J, He ZX, Hwang WS, Keng F, Nagueh SF, Verani MS. Gated myocardial perfusion tomography for the assessment of left ventricular function and volumes: comparison with echocardiography. J Nucl Med 1999; 40:1857-65. [PMID: 10565781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to evaluate left ventricular volumes and function by gated SPECT using different tracers and protocols in comparison with quantitative echocardiography. Gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy permits simultaneous assessment of left ventricular perfusion, function and volumes. Information is scanty regarding the accuracy of absolute left ventricular volumes measurements by this technique. METHODS We performed gated SPECT and echocardiography within 15 d of each other in 109 consecutive patients (53 men, 56 women; mean age 63 +/- 14 y). Gated tomographic data, including left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction, were processed using an automatic algorithm, whereas echocardiography used standard techniques. RESULTS The correlations between gated tomography and echocardiography with respect to end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume and left ventricular ejection fraction were good to excellent (all P < 0.001, r values > or = 0.68), regardless of the use of poststress or rest/redistribution images, 201Tl or 99mTc tracers. End-systolic volume was similar with gated tomography and echocardiography (P = ns), but end-diastolic volume and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly higher with echocardiography (P < or = 0.05). CONCLUSION Quantitative gated tomography, using either 201Tl or 99mTc tracers, has a good correlation with echocardiography for the assessment of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction. These results support the clinical use of this new technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cwajg
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Nagueh SF, Mikati I, Weilbaecher D, Reardon MJ, Al-Zaghrini GJ, Cacela D, He ZX, Letsou G, Noon G, Howell JF, Espada R, Verani MS, Zoghbi WA. Relation of the contractile reserve of hibernating myocardium to myocardial structure in humans. Circulation 1999; 100:490-6. [PMID: 10430762 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.100.5.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although dobutamine echocardiography (DE) is widely used to assess myocardial viability in humans, little is known about the relation between contractile reserve and myocardial structure. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated 20 patients with coronary disease (64+/-13 years old, ejection fraction 28+/-7.5%) with DE (up to 40 micrograms . kg(-1). min(-1)), rest-redistribution (201)Tl single photon emission CT, and quantitative angiography before bypass surgery. During surgery, patients underwent transmural myocardial biopsies (n=37) guided by transesophageal echocardiography to determine the extent of interstitial fibrosis and intracellular and interstitial proteins by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Among the 37 segments biopsied, 16 recovered function as assessed 2 to 3 months later. Segments with postoperative functional recovery had more wall thickening at low-dose DE (28% versus 3%, P<0.001), higher thallium uptake (69% versus 48%, P=0.03), and less interstitial fibrosis (2% versus 28%, P<0.001). Quantitative angiographic parameters did not predict recovery of function. Segments with DE viability (contractile reserve and/or ischemia) had less fibrosis (2.7% versus 28%, P<0.001), less vimentin and fibronectin (both P<0.01), more glycogen (P=0.016), and higher thallium uptake (64% versus 35.5%, P<0.05) than those without viability. Viable segments by both DE and thallium had less fibrosis (1%) than those viable by 1 of the 2 techniques (9%) or not viable by both (28%, P=0.005). Thickening at low-dose DE correlated well with the extent of interstitial fibrosis (r=-0.83, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Contractile reserve during DE correlates inversely with the extent of interstitial fibrosis and the amount of fibronectin and vimentin and directly with rest-redistribution thallium uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Nagueh
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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He ZX, Cwajg E, Preslar JS, Mahmarian JJ, Verani MS. Accuracy of left ventricular ejection fraction determined by gated myocardial perfusion SPECT with Tl-201 and Tc-99m sestamibi: comparison with first-pass radionuclide angiography. J Nucl Cardiol 1999; 6:412-7. [PMID: 10461608 DOI: 10.1016/s1071-3581(99)90007-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We compared estimates of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) assessed by gated single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), using both technetium-99m sestamibi and thallium-201, with those obtained by first-pass radionuclide angiography (FPRNA) in patients with a broad spectrum of LVEF and perfusion abnormalities. METHODS Sixty-three patients were randomly selected to undergo a dual isotope gated SPECT study (rest Tl-201 followed by adenosine Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy). Studies were processed by use of the Cedars quantitative gated SPECT software. FPRNA was acquired during an intravenous bolus injection of Tc-99m sestamibi and processed with a commercially available software. RESULTS The estimates of LVEF were similar (P = NS) with Tl-201 gated SPECT (54% +/- 15%), Tc-99m gated SPECT (54% +/- 16%), and FPRNA (54% +/- 12%). There was an excellent correlation between Tc-99m and Tl-201 gated SPECT (Pearson's r = 0.92, P < .0001). There were also good linear correlations between Tc-99m sestamibi gated SPECT and FPRNA (Pearson's r = 0.85, P < .0001), as well as between Tl-201 gated SPECT and FPRNA (Pearson's r = 0.84, P < .0001). In the 16 patients with LVEF < 50%, Tc-99m sestamibi gated SPECT and FPRNA (Pearson's r = 0.84, P < .0001) and Tl-201 gated SPECT and FPRNA (Pearson's r = 0.92, P < .0001) correlated well. CONCLUSION LVEF can be accurately assessed by gated SPECT with either Tc-99m sestamibi or Tl-201 in properly selected patients with normal or depressed left ventricular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Vaduganathan P, He ZX, Vick GW, Mahmarian JJ, Verani MS. Evaluation of left ventricular wall motion, volumes, and ejection fraction by gated myocardial tomography with technetium 99m-labeled tetrofosmin: a comparison with cine magnetic resonance imaging. J Nucl Cardiol 1999; 6:3-10. [PMID: 10070835 DOI: 10.1016/s1071-3581(99)90058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether left ventricular function can be assessed accurately by gated single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in patients with myocardial infarction and severe perfusion defects is not well known. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-five patients with an acute myocardial infarction underwent 99mTc-labeled tetrofosmin (99mTc-tetrofosmin) gated SPECT and cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Wall motion was assessed in 13 left ventricular segments using a 5-point scoring system ranging from 3 (normal) to -1 (dyskinetic). Exact agreement for wall motion scores between gated SPECT and MRI was excellent (92%, kappa = 0.82). Furthermore, correlations between the two techniques were also good for end-diastolic volume (r = 0.81, P < .0001), end-systolic volume (r = 0.92, P < .0001), and ejection fraction (r = 0.93, P < .0001). CONCLUSION In patients with a recent myocardial infarction, 99mTc-tetrofosmin gated SPECT provides reliable evaluation of global and regional ventricular function and volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Vaduganathan
- Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
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Dakik HA, Kleiman NS, Farmer JA, He ZX, Wendt JA, Pratt CM, Verani MS, Mahmarian JJ. Intensive medical therapy versus coronary angioplasty for suppression of myocardial ischemia in survivors of acute myocardial infarction: a prospective, randomized pilot study. Circulation 1998; 98:2017-23. [PMID: 9808599 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.98.19.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients who have inducible ischemia after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) generally undergo coronary angiography with the intent to revascularize. Whether this approach is superior to intensive treatment with anti-ischemic medications is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a prospective, randomized pilot study comparing intensive medical therapy with coronary angioplasty (PTCA) for suppression of myocardial ischemia in 44 stable survivors of AMI. Myocardial ischemia was quantified with adenosine 201Tl tomography (SPECT) performed 4.5+/-2.9 days after AMI. All patients at baseline had a large total (>/=20%) and ischemic (>/=10%) left ventricular perfusion defect size (PDS). SPECT was repeated at 43+/-26 days after therapy was optimized. The total stress-induced PDS was comparably reduced with medical therapy (from 38+/-13% to 26+/-16%; P<0.0001) and PTCA (from 35+/-12% to 20+/-16%; P<0.0001). The reduction in ischemic PDS was also similar (P=NS) in both groups. Cardiac events occurred in 7 of 44 patients over 12+/-5 months. Patients who remained clinically stable had a greater reduction in ischemic PDS (-13+/-9%) than those who had a recurrent cardiac event (-5+/-7%; P<0.02). Event-free survival was superior in the 24 patients who had a significant (>/=9%) reduction in PDS (96%) compared with those who did not (65%; P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS In this small pilot study, intensive medical therapy and PTCA were comparable at suppressing ischemia in stable patients after AMI. Sequential imaging with adenosine SPECT can track changes in PDS after anti-ischemic therapies and thereby predict subsequent outcome. Corroboration of these preliminary findings in a larger cardiac-event trial is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Dakik
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Lakkis NM, Nagueh SF, Kleiman NS, Killip D, He ZX, Verani MS, Roberts R, Spencer WH. Echocardiography-guided ethanol septal reduction for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Circulation 1998; 98:1750-5. [PMID: 9788829 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.98.17.1750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction is frequently responsible for symptoms in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Medical therapy is often not sufficient to control these symptoms, and surgical myotomy-myomectomy is required. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 33 symptomatic patients with HOCM and obstruction (>/=40 mm Hg gradient at rest or >/=60 mm Hg dobutamine-provoked). By contrast echocardiography, the bulging septum was localized and infarcted by injection of 2 to 5 mL of absolute ethanol into the septal artery(ies) supplying the hypertrophied area. Baseline echocardiograms with Doppler, myocardial perfusion tomograms, and treadmill exercise or pharmacological testing were compared with those at 6 weeks and 6 months. The mean rise in creatine kinase was 1964+/-796 U. All patients experienced symptomatic relief; NYHA class decreased from 3. 0+/-0.5 to 0.9+/-0.6 (P<0.001). Exercise time increased from 286+/-193 to 421+/-181 seconds (P=0.03). The resting and dobutamine-provoked gradient decreased from 49+/-33 and 96+/-34 mm Hg to 9+/-19 (P<0.001) and 24+/-31 mm Hg (P<0.001), respectively. Echocardiograms repeated at 6 weeks after the procedure showed a 28% reduction in septal thickness and 17% reduction in left ventricular mass. Myocardial perfusion imaging showed a "septal amputation pattern," with scarring in the upper and middle septal areas. Complete heart block developed in 11 patients, who then required permanent pacemaker implantation. CONCLUSIONS Echocardiography-guided ethanol septal reduction in patients with HOCM is a safe, minimally invasive procedure that provides symptomatic relief with improved hemodynamic and left ventricular parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Lakkis
- Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cardiology Section, Houston, Tex., USA
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Abstract
Data are presented from mainland China to illustrate the differences by region, gender, and age in the methods used for suicide. Changes over time are also documented. The data support an availability hypothesis for choice of method for suicide. Differences by gender in the use of violent and nonviolent methods resemble those found in Western nations, except that the particular violent methods used are different in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X He
- Guangxi Academy of Social Sciences, People's Republic of China
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Nagueh SF, Lakkis NM, He ZX, Middleton KJ, Killip D, Zoghbi WA, Quiñones MA, Roberts R, Verani MS, Kleiman NS, Spencer WH. Role of myocardial contrast echocardiography during nonsurgical septal reduction therapy for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 32:225-9. [PMID: 9669274 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(98)00220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was undertaken to evaluate the ability of myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) to guide the targeted delivery of ethanol during nonsurgical septal reduction therapy (NSRT) and to assess the relation between the MCE risk area and infarct size determined by enzymatic and radionuclide methods. BACKGROUND NSRT with intracoronary ethanol is a new promising treatment for patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Proper localization and quantification of the septal infarct before ethanol injection are highly desirable. MCE can provide accurate delineation of the vascular territory of the coronary arteries. METHODS Twenty-nine patients with HOCM and maximal medical therapy underwent NSRT. The left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) gradient by Doppler echocardiography at baseline was 53 +/- 16 mm Hg (mean +/- SD). Before NSRT, MCE was performed in all patients with intracoronary sonicated albumin (Albunex). Diluted sonicated albumin (Albunex) was selectively injected into the septal perforator arteries during simultaneous transthoracic imaging. Immediately after MCE, ethanol was injected into the same vessel. Plasma total creatine kinase (CK), total CK-MB fraction and CK-MB fraction subforms were measured at baseline and serially for 36 h. RESULTS LVOT gradient decreased to 12 +/- 6 mm Hg (p < 0.001) after NSRT. Accurate mapping of the vascular beds of the septal perforators was successfully attained in all patients by MCE. Furthermore, the MCE risk area correlated well with peak CK (r = 0.79, p < 0.001). Six weeks after NSRT, 23 patients underwent myocardial perfusion studies performed with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Mean SPECT septal perfusion defect size involved 9.5 +/- 6% of the left ventricle and correlated well with MCE area (r = 0.7), with no statistically significant difference between the risk area estimated by MCE and that by SPECT. CONCLUSIONS Estimation of the size of the septal vascular territory with MCE is accurate, safe and feasible in essentially all patients during NSRT. MCE can delineate the perfusion bed of the septal perforators and can predict the infarct size that follows ethanol injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Nagueh
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
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