Capsular Healing in Interportal and Periportal Capsulotomy Methods of Hip Arthroscopy

Objective

To evaluate the midterm outcomes and the capsular healing in patients who had interportal capsulotomy versus periportal capsulotomy of hip arthroscopy.

Methods

Retrospectively reviewed 33 patients with labral tear received hip arthroscopy, with an average age of 41 (27‐67) years, including 13 cases of Cam deformity and three cases of Pincer deformity. All patients had positive sign of flexion adduction internal rotation or flexion abduction external rotation. With MRI and radiographic (CT, X plain) imageological examination. MRI showed that all patients had labral tear. Radiographic finding (CT, X plain) showed the pathological changes of acetabular and femoral neck osteophyte. One group with 23 patients were treated with periportal capsulotomy. Another group with 10 patients were treated with interportal capsulotomy. All patients did not close the capsule. Clinical outcomes were measured with the Hip Outcome Score Activities of Daily Living (HOS‐ADL) and the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), patient satisfaction measured with visual analogue scale (VAS). The healing of the capsule was evaluated by MRI. MRI showed continuous capsular indicated healing, discontinuous capsular indicated unhealing. Postoperatively 6 months, mHHS and HOS‐ADL were obtained. Randomized controlled trials were used in this study for analysis.

Results

All patients were followed up with average time of 9.3 months(3‐29 months). The postoperative symptoms were obviously relieved, the VAS decreased from (4.9 ± 0.6) to (1.2 ± 0.2) after 3 months postoperative. Follow up 6 months post‐operation, patients in the interportal group, the mHHS and HOS‐ADL scores improvement were respectively 69.4 ± 9.3 & 70 ± 8.8 pre‐operation, and 92.5 ± 5.0 & 86.6 ± 5.4 post‐operation (P < 0.05); Patients in the periportal group, the mHHS and HOS‐ADL scores improvement were respectively 69.9 ± 15.8, 68.1 ± 15.0 pre‐operation, and 90.1 ± 9.3 & 86.7 ± 7.9 post‐operation (P < 0.05).The differences were statistically significant. Six months after operation, MRI showed that 23 patients with periportal capsulotomy, the capsule have healed, without other complications. Three of the ten patients with interportal capsulotomy were healed and seven were not.

Conclusion

Interportal and periportal capsulotomy had good outcomes. The technique of periportal capsulotomy had little damage to the joint capsule. Although the capsule did not close, the capsule healed well in postoperative follow‐up. The nonunion rate of the joint capsule was high in the interportal capsulotomy without close the capsule.

LncRNA PINK1-AS promotes Gαi1-driven gastric cancer tumorigenesis by sponging microRNA-200a

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of human mortality around the world. We have previously shown that Gαi1 (the inhibitory subunit 1 of the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein) recruitment to ligand-activated receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is essential for signaling. Testing its role in GC cancer-promoting functions, we found that Gαi1 is upregulated in human GC, correlating with poor overall survival. In established and primary human GC cells, Gαi1 shRNA (small hairpin RNA) or knockout produced significant anti-GC cell activity, proliferation and migration was inhibited, and apoptosis was activated. Conversely, ectopic Gαi1 overexpression promoted proliferation and migration of GC cells in vitro. By examining the tumor-suppressive miRNA microRNA-200a (miR-200a), we found that miR-200a directly silenced Gαi1 to induce anti-GC cell activity. The expression of miR-200a was downregulated in human GC, correlating with upregulation of a novel miR-200a-targeting long non-coding RNA (LncRNA), PINK1 (PTEN Induced Kinase 1)-AS. RNA immunoprecipitation, RNA-pull down, and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization assays confirmed that PINK1-AS directly binds to miR-200a. Silencing PINK1-AS in GC cells led to miR-200a accumulation, Gαi1 downregulation, and inhibition of GC cell progression in vitro, whereas PINK1-AS upregulation produced the converse results. Significantly, anti-GC cell activity induced by PINK1-AS shRNA was ameliorated by the expression of miR-200a antisense or the 3'-UTR (untranslated region)-depleted Gαi1. In vivo, the growth of subcutaneous MGC-803 xenografts in nude mice was inhibited by PINK1-AS shRNA, but accelerated by PINK1-AS overexpression. Patient-derived GC xenograft growth in nude mice was largely inhibited after intratumoral injection of PINK1-AS shRNA lentivirus. In conclusion, PINK1-AS promotes Gαi1-driven GC progression by sponging miR-200a.

[Left posterior auricular Kimura's disease and related literature review: a case report]

SummaryA 43-year-old middle-aged woman admitted by our department was mainly featured by the discovery of the left posterior auricular mass for more than 1 week, and the physical examination was a painless subcutaneous mass. Peripheral eosinophil count was higher than normal, ultrasonic exceed examination showed slightly lower back after the left ear acoustic area with surrounding lymph node enlargement, CT indicated the subcutaneous tumor on the lateral side of the left parotid gland, and the enlarged lymph nodes in the bilateral carotid space, submaxillary space, the left parotid gland space and the posterior cervical space. The pathologic examination indicated lymphoid tissue nodular hyperplasia with lymphoid follicular formation, visible thin-walled blood vessels and the increase in the number of eosinophils in accordance with kimura's disease. Immunohistochemistry results showed: CD3（+）, CD20（+）, CD21 FDC network（+）, CD10 germinal center（+）, bcl-2（-）, bcl-6（-）, CD79a（+）, Lamda（+）, Kappa（+）, ki-67 germinal center（+）. After 4 weeks of operation, part of the scab skin of the incision was detached, with a small incision in the middle segment, about 0.5 cm long. Considering delayed healing of the incision, the patient's incision was restored after 2 weeks of intensive dressing change. No recurrence signs and complications of Kimura's disease were found during the 10-months follow-up.

Associations between CD36 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to coronary artery heart disease

Associations between polymorphisms of the CD36 gene and susceptibility to coronary artery heart disease (CHD) are not clear. We assessed allele frequencies and genotype distributions of CD36 gene polymorphisms in 112 CHD patients and 129 control patients using semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Additionally, we detected CD36 mRNA expression by real-time quantitative PCR, and we quantified plasma levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). There were no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05) in allele frequencies of rs1761667 or in genotype distribution and allele frequencies of rs3173798. The genotype distribution of rs1761667 significantly differed between CHD patients and controls (P=0.034), with a significantly higher frequency of the AG genotype in the CHD group compared to the control group (P=0.011). The plasma levels of ox-LDL in patients with the AG genotype were remarkably higher than those with the GG and AA genotypes (P=0.010). In a randomized sample taken from patients in the two groups, the CD36 mRNA expression of the CHD patients was higher than that of the controls. In CHD patients, the CD36 mRNA expression in AG genotype patients was remarkably higher than in those with an AA genotype (P=0.005). After adjusted logistic regression analysis, the AG genotype of rs1761667 was associated with an increased risk of CHD (OR=2.337, 95% CI=1.336-4.087, P=0.003). In conclusion, the rs1761667 polymorphism may be closely associated with developing CHD in the Chongqing Han population of China, and an AG genotype may be a genetic susceptibility factor for CHD.

Fabrication of novel porous anodic alumina membranes by two-step hard anodization

Porous anodic alumina (PAA) membranes with highly ordered hexagonal cells and a novel pore structure have been fabricated by two-step hard anodization in a H(2)SO(4)-Al(2)(SO(4))(3)-H(2)O system at 40 and 50 V, giving average cell diameters of 77 and 96 nm, respectively. There are several tiny pores embedded in each big shallow pore on the top of the membranes, and there is only one pore in one cell at their bottom. The cells on both sides of the membranes present almost the same periodic arrangement. In order to explore the formation of the novel pore structure, PAA membranes fabricated at different current densities (30-200 mA cm(-2)) are obtained by maintaining a constant voltage at 40 V. The experimental results show that the interpore distance is not only dependent on the anodization voltage, but is also influenced by the current density, which means that the pore structure of PAA membranes fabricated by hard anodization can be accurately designed and controlled by adjusting the anodization voltage and current density simultaneously.

The abundance of NM23-H1 mRNA is related with in situ microenvironment and intrahepatic metastasis in hepato-cellular carcinoma

In HCC specimens from 25 patients, the levels of nm23-H1 and H-ras mRNA were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase-chain reaction (RT-PCR). Tumor microvessel density (MDV), the essential factor of microenvironment and proliferating cell nucleus antigen (PCNA), indexes as tumor cell proliferating in its microenvironment are also analyzed by immunohistochemical methods using antibodies against endothelial protein factor VIII related antigen (F8RA) and antibody PC-10. Results show that The MDV and PCNA index in the group with intrahepatic metastasis is remarkably higher than that in without one (p<0.01), but the abundance of nm23-H mRNA is opposite (p<0.01). The abundance of H-ras mRNA shows little difference (p>0.05). MDV index shows directly relationship with PCNA index (p<0.01), the abundance of nm23-H1 mRNA show an inverse one with PCNA index (p<0.05). We conclude that in HCC, tumor in situ microenvironment, especially a deteriorative one, plays an important selective role. The decline of nm23-H1 mRNA abundance implies the increase of highly potential metastatic cancer cells which adapt to their microenvironment.