Hadjimi Z, Belguendouz H, Benchabane S, Ghozali NEH, Amri M, Kocheida R, Hakem D, Biad A, Otmani F, Kemikem Y, Terahi M, Touil-Boukoffa C. Increased Salivary Cytokines and Nitric Oxide Levels in Behçet's Disease: Interleukin-32, a Novel Player in Disease Prognosis.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2023;
23:347-355. [PMID:
35549879 DOI:
10.2174/1871530322666220512120948]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Oral aphthosis is one of the major manifestations of Behçet's disease (BD), a chronic, multisystemic vasculitis. BD etio-pathogenicity related to oral health lack.
OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the possible relationships between poor oral hygiene, oral activity, disease severity and saliva's Interleukin (IL)-32, IL-6, IL-10 and nitric oxide (NO) levels in Behçet's patients to determine their role in disease prognosis and their potential therapeutic interest.
METHODS
Fifty-six patients with BD (22 orally active; 34 orally inactive) and 31 healthy subjects have been included in our study. Salivary levels of IL-32, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured using ELISA, while NO levels were assessed by modified Griess's method. Oral health status and disease severity scores were recorded for each participant. Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's test were performed for statistical analyses.
RESULTS
We observed that the tested molecules were increased in BD patients compared to healthy controls (p˂0.05). Moreover, only IL-32 levels were associated with oral activity in patients (p˂0.05). Interestingly, the disease severity score was noted to be correlated positively and significantly with both IL-32 saliva levels (p˂0.01) and plaque index (p˂0.05) in BD patients. Furthermore, IL-32 levels were correlated with plaque index (p˂0.0001).
CONCLUSION
Our results suggest that IL-32, IL- 6, IL-10 and NO were increased in saliva during BD. Our study indicated that IL-32 was associated with the genesis of oral ulcers in response to dental plaque. Ultimately, salivary IL-32 may serve as a prognostic biomarker and a possible therapeutic target for managing Behçet's disease severity.
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