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Milanović Ž, Dimić D, Avdović EH, Simijonović DM, Nakarada Đ, Jakovljević V, Vojinović R, Marković ZS. Mechanism of Antiradical Activity of Coumarin-Trihydroxybenzohydrazide Derivatives: A Comprehensive Kinetic DFT Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:143. [PMID: 38397741 PMCID: PMC10885972 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As part of this study, the mechanisms of the antioxidant activity of previously synthesized coumarin-trihydrobenzohydrazine derivatives were investigated: (E)-2,4-dioxo-3-(1-(2-(2″,3″,4″-trihydroxybenzoyl)hydrazineyl)ethylidene)chroman-7-yl acetate (1) and (E)-2,4-dioxo-3-(1-(2-(3″,4″,5″-trihydroxybenzoyl)hydrazineyl)ethylidene)chroman-7-yl acetate (2). The capacity of the compounds to neutralize HO• was assessed by EPR spectroscopy. The standard mechanisms of antioxidant action, Hydrogen Atom Transfer (HAT), Sequential Proton Loss followed by Electron Transfer (SPLET), Single-Electron Transfer followed by Proton Transfer (SET-PT), and Radical Adduct/Coupling Formation (RAF/RCF) were examined using the QM-ORSA methodology. It was estimated that the newly synthesized compounds, under physiological conditions, exhibited antiradical activity via SPLET and RCF mechanisms. Based on the estimated overall rate constants (koverall), it can be concluded that 2 exhibited a greater antiradical capacity. The obtained values indicated a good correlation with the EPR spectroscopy results. Both compounds exhibit approximately 1.5 times more activity in comparison to the precursor compound used in the synthesis (gallic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Žiko Milanović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Liceja Kneževine Srbije 1A, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (Ž.M.); (E.H.A.); (D.M.S.); (Z.S.M.)
| | - Dušan Dimić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (Đ.N.)
| | - Edina H. Avdović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Liceja Kneževine Srbije 1A, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (Ž.M.); (E.H.A.); (D.M.S.); (Z.S.M.)
| | - Dušica M. Simijonović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Liceja Kneževine Srbije 1A, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (Ž.M.); (E.H.A.); (D.M.S.); (Z.S.M.)
| | - Đura Nakarada
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (Đ.N.)
| | - Vladimir Jakovljević
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevc, Serbia;
| | - Radiša Vojinović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevc, Serbia;
| | - Zoran S. Marković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Liceja Kneževine Srbije 1A, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (Ž.M.); (E.H.A.); (D.M.S.); (Z.S.M.)
- Department of Natural Science and Mathematics, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
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Simijonović DM, Milenković DA, Avdović EH, Milanović ŽB, Antonijević MR, Amić AD, Dolićanin Z, Marković ZS. Coumarin N-Acylhydrazone Derivatives: Green Synthesis and Antioxidant Potential-Experimental and Theoretical Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1858. [PMID: 37891938 PMCID: PMC10604617 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coumarin N-acylhydrazone derivatives were synthesized in the reaction of 3-acetylcoumarin and different benzohydrazides in the presence of molecular iodine as catalyst and at room temperature. All reactions were rapidly completed, and products were obtained in good to excellent yields. It is important to emphasize that four products were reported for the first time in this study. The obtained compounds were subjected to evaluation of their in vitro antioxidative activity using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods. It was shown that products with a catechol moiety in their structure are the most potent antioxidant agents. The thermodynamic parameters and Gibbs free energies of reactions were used to determine the most probable mechanism of action. The results of in silico examination emphasize the need to take solvent polarity and free radical species into account when examining antiradical action. It was discovered by using computational approaches that HAT and SPLET are competitive molecular pathways for the radical scavenging activity of all compounds in polar mediums, while the HAT is the dominant mechanism in non-polar environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušica M. Simijonović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.M.S.); (E.H.A.); (Ž.B.M.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Dejan A. Milenković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.M.S.); (E.H.A.); (Ž.B.M.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Edina H. Avdović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.M.S.); (E.H.A.); (Ž.B.M.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Žiko B. Milanović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.M.S.); (E.H.A.); (Ž.B.M.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Marko R. Antonijević
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.M.S.); (E.H.A.); (Ž.B.M.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Ana D. Amić
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Ulica Cara Hadrijana 8A, 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Zana Dolićanin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia;
| | - Zoran S. Marković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (D.M.S.); (E.H.A.); (Ž.B.M.); (M.R.A.)
- Department of Natural Science and Mathematics, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
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Dimić DS, Kaluđerović GN, Avdović EH, Milenković DA, Živanović MN, Potočňák I, Samoľová E, Dimitrijević MS, Saso L, Marković ZS, Dimitrić Marković JM. Synthesis, Crystallographic, Quantum Chemical, Antitumor, and Molecular Docking/Dynamic Studies of 4-Hydroxycoumarin-Neurotransmitter Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1001. [PMID: 35055194 PMCID: PMC8780855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23021001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, four new compounds synthesized from 4-hydroxycoumarin and tyramine/octopamine/norepinephrine/3-methoxytyramine are characterized spectroscopically (IR and NMR), chromatographically (UHPLC-DAD), and structurally at the B3LYP/6-311++G*(d,p) level of theory. The crystal structure of the 4-hydroxycoumarin-octopamine derivative was solved and used as a starting geometry for structural optimization. Along with the previously obtained 4-hydroxycoumarin-dopamine derivative, the intramolecular interactions governing the stability of these compounds were quantified by NBO and QTAIM analyses. Condensed Fukui functions and the HOMO-LUMO gap were calculated and correlated with the number and position of OH groups in the structures. In vitro cytotoxicity experiments were performed to elucidate the possible antitumor activity of the tested substances. For this purpose, four cell lines were selected, namely human colon cancer (HCT-116), human adenocarcinoma (HeLa), human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), and healthy human lung fibroblast (MRC-5) lines. A significant selectivity towards colorectal carcinoma cells was observed. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies with carbonic anhydrase, a prognostic factor in several cancers, complemented the experimental results. The calculated MD binding energies coincided well with the experimental activity, and indicated 4-hydroxycoumarin-dopamine and 4-hydroxycoumarin-3-methoxytyramine as the most active compounds. The ecotoxicology assessment proved that the obtained compounds have a low impact on the daphnia, fish, and green algae population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan S. Dimić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Goran N. Kaluđerović
- Department of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Merseburg, Eberhard-Leibnitz-Straße 2, DE-06217 Merseburg, Germany;
| | - Edina H. Avdović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (E.H.A.); (D.A.M.); (M.N.Ž.); (Z.S.M.)
| | - Dejan A. Milenković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (E.H.A.); (D.A.M.); (M.N.Ž.); (Z.S.M.)
| | - Marko N. Živanović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (E.H.A.); (D.A.M.); (M.N.Ž.); (Z.S.M.)
| | - Ivan Potočňák
- Institute of Chemistry, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, Moyzesova 11, 04154 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Erika Samoľová
- Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic;
| | - Milena S. Dimitrijević
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Zoran S. Marković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (E.H.A.); (D.A.M.); (M.N.Ž.); (Z.S.M.)
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Antonijević MR, Simijonović DM, Avdović EH, Ćirić A, Petrović ZD, Marković JD, Stepanić V, Marković ZS. Green One-Pot Synthesis of Coumarin-Hydroxybenzohydrazide Hybrids and Their Antioxidant Potency. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1106. [PMID: 34356339 PMCID: PMC8301024 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Compounds from the plant world that possess antioxidant abilities are of special importance for the food and pharmaceutical industry. Coumarins are a large, widely distributed group of natural compounds, usually found in plants, often with good antioxidant capacity. The coumarin-hydroxybenzohydrazide derivatives were synthesized using a green, one-pot protocol. This procedure includes the use of an environmentally benign mixture (vinegar and ethanol) as a catalyst and solvent, as well as very easy isolation of the desired products. The obtained compounds were structurally characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The purity of all compounds was determined by HPLC and by elemental microanalysis. In addition, these compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activity. Mechanisms of antioxidative activity were theoretically investigated by the density functional theory approach and the calculated values of various thermodynamic parameters, such as bond dissociation enthalpy, proton affinity, frontier molecular orbitals, and ionization potential. In silico calculations indicated that hydrogen atom transfer and sequential proton loss-electron transfer reaction mechanisms are probable, in non-polar and polar solvents respectively. Additionally, it was found that the single-electron transfer followed by proton transfer was not an operative mechanism in either solvent. The conducted tests indicate the excellent antioxidant activity, as well as the low potential toxicity, of the investigated compounds, which makes them good candidates for potential use in food chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko R. Antonijević
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.A.); (D.M.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.Ć.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Dušica M. Simijonović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.A.); (D.M.S.)
| | - Edina H. Avdović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.A.); (D.M.S.)
| | - Andrija Ćirić
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.Ć.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Zorica D. Petrović
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (A.Ć.); (Z.D.P.)
| | - Jasmina Dimitrić Marković
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Višnja Stepanić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Zoran S. Marković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.A.); (D.M.S.)
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Milanović ŽB, Marković ZS, Dimić DS, Klisurić OR, Radojević ID, Šeklić DS, Živanović MN, Marković JD, Radulović M, Avdović EH. Synthesis, structural characterization, biological activity and molecular docking study of 4,7-dihydroxycoumarin modified by aminophenol derivatives. CR CHIM 2021. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Avdović EH, Dimić DS, Fronc M, Kožišek J, Klein E, Milanović ŽB, Kesić A, Marković ZS. Structural and theoretical analysis, molecular docking/dynamics investigation of 3-(1-m-chloridoethylidene)-chromane-2,4‑dione: The role of chlorine atom. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Milanović ŽB, Dimić DS, Avdović EH, Milenković DA, Marković JD, Klisurić OR, Trifunović SR, Marković ZS. Synthesis and comprehensive spectroscopic (X-ray, NMR, FTIR, UV–Vis), quantum chemical and molecular docking investigation of 3-acetyl-4‑hydroxy‑2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl acetate. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Milanović ŽB, Antonijević MR, Amić AD, Avdović EH, Dimić DS, Milenković DA, Marković ZS. Inhibitory activity of quercetin, its metabolite, and standard antiviral drugs towards enzymes essential for SARS-CoV-2: the role of acid-base equilibria. RSC Adv 2021; 11:2838-2847. [PMID: 35424215 PMCID: PMC8693803 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09632f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The recently declared global pandemic of a new human coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2, which causes respiratory tract disease COVID-19, has reached worldwide resonance and global efforts are being made to look for possible cures. Sophisticated molecular docking software, as well as available protein sequence and structure information, offer the ability to test the inhibition of two important targets of SARS-CoV-2, furin (FUR) enzyme, and spike glycoprotein, or spike protein (SP), that are key to host cell adhesion and hijacking. The potential inhibitory effect and mechanism of action of acid-base forms of different antiviral drugs, dominant at physiological pH, chloroquine (CQ), hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and cinanserin (CIN), which have been shown to be effective in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 virus, is reported with the special emphasis on their relative abundances. On the other hand, the potential inhibitory effect of the dominant acid-base forms of quercetin (Q) and its oxidative metabolite 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-2,4,6-trihydroxy-3(2H) benzofuranone (BZF), which are constituents of traditional food products believed to exhibit antiviral effects, was also examined. The undertaken study includes the determination of the major energy contributions to the binding energy as well as in-depth analysis of amino acid residues at the active pocket and possible interactions. The approach that we propose here may be an additional strategy for combating the deadly virus by preventing the first step of the virus replication cycle. Preliminary research has shown that the investigated compounds exert an inhibitory effect against the SARS-CoV-2 furin enzyme and spiked glycoprotein through different acid-base forms. These investigations may be helpful in creating potential therapeutic agents in the fight against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. On the other hand, the results we predicted in this computational study may be the basis for new experimental in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Žiko B Milanović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry 12 Radoja Domanovića 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
| | - Marko R Antonijević
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Department of Science Jovana Civijića bb 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
| | - Ana D Amić
- Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Department of Chemistry Ulica cara Hadrijana 8/A Osijek Croatia
| | - Edina H Avdović
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Department of Science Jovana Civijića bb 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
| | - Dušan S Dimić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry Studentski trg 12-16 11000 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Dejan A Milenković
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Department of Science Jovana Civijića bb 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
| | - Zoran S Marković
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies, Department of Science Jovana Civijića bb 34000 Kragujevac Serbia
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Jovičić Milić SS, Jevtić VV, Lj. Stojković D, Petrović ĐS, Avdović EH, Marković ZS, Radojević ID, Čomić L, Mladenović VS. Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of palladium(II) complexes with O,O'-dialkyl esters of (S,S)-ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-(3,3′-1H-indol-3yl)-propionic acid. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Avdović EH, Milanović ŽB, Živanović MN, Šeklić DS, Radojević ID, Čomić LR, Trifunović SR, Amić A, Marković ZS. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, biological activity, DFT and molecular docking study of novel 4-hydroxycoumarine derivatives and corresponding palladium(II) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Milenković DA, Dimić DS, Avdović EH, Marković ZS. Several coumarin derivatives and their Pd(ii) complexes as potential inhibitors of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2, anin silicoapproach. RSC Adv 2020; 10:35099-35108. [PMID: 35515669 PMCID: PMC9056878 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07062a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The global pandemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused many fatalities among people and significantly influenced the global economy. Since efficient treatment is not available, the computational methods in biology and chemistry are a promising starting point towards adequate medication. Three previously synthesized coumarin derivatives and their Pd(ii) complexes were examined for the binding affinity towards the Mpro protein of SARS-CoV-2 by molecular docking and compared to two Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drugs, cinanserin and chloroquine. All of the investigated compounds bind to the active position of the mentioned protein. Coumarin–Pd(ii) complexes showed higher binding affinities compared to the approved drugs. The bindings of the bis(3-(1-((3-chlorophenyl)amino)ethylidene)-chroman-2,4-dione) palladium(ii) complex, its corresponding ligand, and cinanserin to SARS-CoV-2 Mpro were further subjected to the molecular dynamics simulations. The binding free energies, computed by MM/PBSA approach were analyzed in detail and the importance of specific interactions outlined. These results showed that the molecules bearing structural similarity to the approved drugs and their complexes have the potential to inhibit the functional activity of SARS-CoV-2 protease and further experimental studies should be undertaken. Coumarin derivatives and their Pd(ii)-complexes have shown a higher binding potential towards SARS-CoV-2 Mpro than chloroquine/cinanserin along with lower toxicity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan A. Milenković
- Institute for Information Technologies
- Department of Science
- University of Kragujevac
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Dušan S. Dimić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Edina H. Avdović
- Institute for Information Technologies
- Department of Science
- University of Kragujevac
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
| | - Zoran S. Marković
- Institute for Information Technologies
- Department of Science
- University of Kragujevac
- 34000 Kragujevac
- Serbia
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12
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Milenković D, Dimitrić Marković JM, Dimić D, Jeremić S, Amić D, Stanojević Pirković M, Marković ZS. Structural characterization of kaempferol: a spectroscopic and computational study. Maced J Chem Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.20450/mjcce.2019.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Calculations based on the density functional theory, with the B3LYP functional and the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set, were performed with the aim of confirming the molecular structure and spectroscopic characteristics of kaempferol, a naturally occurring flavonoid molecule. The electronic structure of kaempferol was examined using NBO analysis. The assigning of the experimentally obtained IR and Raman spectra was performed after the best-fit-based comparison with theoretical spectra. The 13C and 1H NMR experimental spectra were related to the theoretically obtained values of the chemical shifts determined by the GIAO method. The correlation coefficient and the average absolute error values proved B3LYP-D3 to be an adequate method in describing the NMR parameters of kaempferol. Molecular docking analysis was carried out in order to identify the potency of inhibition of the title molecule against human procalcitonin. The inhibition activity was obtained for 10 conformations of ligand inside the protein.
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Avdović EH, Dimić DS, Dimitrić Marković JM, Vuković N, Radulović MĐ, Živanović MN, Filipović ND, Đorović JR, Trifunović SR, Marković ZS. Spectroscopic and theoretical investigation of the potential anti-tumor and anti-microbial agent, 3-(1-((2-hydroxyphenyl)amino)ethylidene)chroman-2,4-dione. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 206:421-429. [PMID: 30172238 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The coumarin-orthoaminophenol derivative was prepared under mild conditions. Based on crystallographic structure, IR and Raman, 1H and 13C NMR spectra the most applicable theoretical method was determined to be B3LYP-D3BJ. The stability and reactivity parameters were calculated, in the framework of NBO, QTAIM and Fukui functions, form the optimized structure. This reactivity was then probed in biological systems. The antimicrobial activity towards four bacteria and three fungi species was examined and activity was proven. In vitro cytotoxic effects, against human epithelial colorectal carcinoma HCT-116 and human healthy lung MRC-5 cell lines, of the investigated substance are also tested. Compound showed significant cytotoxic effects on HCT-116 cells, while on MRC-5 cells showed no cytotoxic effects. The effect of hydroxy group in ortho-position on the overall reactivity of molecule was examined through molecular docking with Glutathione-S-transferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina H Avdović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dušan S Dimić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Nenad Vuković
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milanka Đ Radulović
- Department of Chemical-Technological Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Marko N Živanović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; BioIRC, Bioengineering R&D Center, Prvoslava Stojanovića 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nenad D Filipović
- BioIRC, Bioengineering R&D Center, Prvoslava Stojanovića 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Engineering, Sestre Janjic 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena R Đorović
- BioIRC, Bioengineering R&D Center, Prvoslava Stojanovića 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Srećko R Trifunović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zoran S Marković
- BioIRC, Bioengineering R&D Center, Prvoslava Stojanovića 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; Department of Chemical-Technological Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia.
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Avdović EH, Stojković DL, Jevtić VV, Milenković D, Marković ZS, Vuković N, Potočňák I, Radojević ID, Čomić LR, Trifunović SR. Preparation and antimicrobial activity of a new palladium(II) complexes with a coumarin-derived ligands. Crystal structures of the 3-(1-(o-toluidino)ethylidene)-chroman-2,4-dione and 3-(1-(m-toluidino) ethylidene)-chroman-2,4-dione. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Dimić DS, Milenković DA, Marković JMD, Marković ZS. Thermodynamic and kinetic analysis of the reaction between biological catecholamines and chlorinated methylperoxy radicals. Mol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2017.1414967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dušan S. Dimić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Dejan A. Milenković
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center, Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia
| | | | - Zoran S. Marković
- Department of Chemical-Technological Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Novi Pazar, Republic of Serbia
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Milenković D, Avdović EH, Dimić D, Bajin Z, Ristić B, Vuković N, Trifunović SR, Marković ZS. Reactivity of the coumarine derivative towards cartilage proteins: combined NBO, QTAIM, and molecular docking study. Monatsh Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-2051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Avdović EH, Stojković DL, Jevtić VV, Kosić M, Ristić B, Harhaji-Trajković L, Vukić M, Vuković N, Marković ZS, Potočňák I, Trifunović SR. Synthesis, characterization and cytotoxicity of a new palladium(II) complex with a coumarin-derived ligand 3-(1-(3-hydroxypropylamino)ethylidene)chroman-2,4-dione. Crystal structure of the 3-(1-(3-hydroxypropylamino)ethylidene)-chroman-2,4-dione. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Šmit BM, Pavlović RZ, Milenković DA, Marković ZS. Mechanism, kinetics and selectivity of selenocyclization of 5-alkenylhydantoins: an experimental and computational study. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 11:1865-75. [PMID: 26664604 PMCID: PMC4661018 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.11.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism and selectivity of a bicyclic hydantoin formation by selenium-induced cyclization are investigated. The proposed mechanism involves the intermediates formed by an electrophilic addition of the selenium reagent on a double bond of the starting 5-alkenylhydantoin prior the cyclization. These intermediates are readily converted into the more stable cyclic seleniranium cations. A key step of the mechanism is an intramolecular cyclization which is realized through an anti-attack of the internal nucleophile, the amidic nitrogen, to the seleniranium cation yielding the intermediate imidazolinium cations. Their deprotonation is followed by the formation of the fused bicyclic reaction products. Important intermediates and key transition states are studied by using density functional theory (DFT) methods. The pathways of the reaction are investigated in detail. There are two regioselective pathways related to 5-exo and 6-endo products. Theoretical calculations and the monitoring of the cyclization reaction using (1)H NMR spectroscopy are in a good agreement with the proposed mechanism and are consistent with our experimental results. The preferred pathway for formation of 5-exo products is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana M Šmit
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12 P.O. Box 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Radoslav Z Pavlović
- Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12 P.O. Box 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dejan A Milenković
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zoran S Marković
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Chemical-Technological Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
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Dimitrić Marković JM, Amić D, Lučić B, Marković ZS. Oxidation of kaempferol and its iron(III) complex by DPPH radicals: spectroscopic and theoretical study. Monatsh Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-013-1135-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dimitrić Marković JM, Milenković D, Amić D, Mojović M, Pašti I, Marković ZS. The preferred radical scavenging mechanisms of fisetin and baicalein towards oxygen-centred radicals in polar protic and polar aprotic solvents. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02577f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The flavonoids fisetin and baicalein have been investigated for their ability to scavenge certain anion radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dejan Milenković
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center
- 34000 Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia
| | - Dragan Amić
- Faculty of Agriculture
- The Josip Juraj Strossmayer University
- HR-31107 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Miloš Mojović
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Igor Pašti
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry
- University of Belgrade
- 11000 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
| | - Zoran S. Marković
- Bioengineering Research and Development Center
- 34000 Kragujevac, Republic of Serbia
- Department of Chemical-Technological Sciences
- State University of Novi Pazar
- 36300 Novi Pazar, Republic of Serbia
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Brdarić TP, Marković ZS, Milenković D, Dimitrić Marković JM. A joint application of vibrational spectroscopic and quantum mechanical methods in quantitative analysis of baicalein structure. Monatsh Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-012-0805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Dimitrić Marković JM, Marković ZS, Pašti IA, Brdarić TP, Popović-Bijelić A, Mojović M. A joint application of spectroscopic, electrochemical and theoretical approaches in evaluation of the radical scavenging activity of 3-OH flavones and their iron complexes towards different radical species. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:7295-303. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30220a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Dimitrić Marković JM, Marković ZS, Brdarić TP, Pavelkić VM, Jadranin MB. Iron complexes of dietary flavonoids: Combined spectroscopic and mechanistic study of their free radical scavenging activity. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Dimitrić Marković JM, Marković ZS, Milenković D, Jeremić S. Application of comparative vibrational spectroscopic and mechanistic studies in analysis of fisetin structure. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2011; 83:120-129. [PMID: 21924948 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper addresses experimental and theoretical research in fisetin (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one) structure by means of experimental IR and Raman spectroscopies and mechanistic calculations. Density Functional Theory calculations, with M05-2X functional and the 6-311+G (2df, p) basis set implemented in the Gaussian 09 package, are performed with the aim to support molecular structure, vibrational bands' positions and their intensities. Potential energy distribution (PED) values and the description of the largest vibrational contributions to the normal modes are calculated. The most intense bands appear in the 1650-1500 cm(-1) wavenumber region. This region involves a combination of the CO, C2C3 and C-C stretching vibrational modes. Most of the bands in the 1500-1000 cm(-1) range involve C-C stretching, O-C stretching and in-plane C-C-H, C-O-H, C-C-O and C-C-C bending vibrations of the rings. The region below 1000 cm(-1) is characteristic to the combination of in plane C-C-C-H, H-C-C-H, C-C-C-C, C-C-O-C and out of plane O-C-C-C, C-C-O-C, C-C-C-C torsional modes. The Raman spectra of baicalein and quercetin were used for qualitative comparison with fisetin spectrum and verification of band assignments. The applied detailed vibrational spectral analysis and the assignments of the bands, proposed on the basis of fundamentals, reproduced the experimental results with high degree of accuracy.
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Dimitrić Marković JM, Marković ZS, Brdarić TP, Filipović ND. Comparative spectroscopic and mechanistic study of chelation properties of fisetin with iron in aqueous buffered solutions. Implications on in vitro antioxidant activity. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:4560-71. [PMID: 21431152 DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01834a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Fisetin (3,3',4',7-tetrahydroxyflavone) has been investigated for its ability to bind iron in a wide range of pH values of acetate and phosphate buffered solutions. To assess the relevant interactions of iron with fisetin, combined spectroscopic (UV/visible, Raman, MS) and theoretical approaches were used. The chelation sites, stoichiometry, stability and the dependence of the complexes structures on pH were defined. The results pointed to the formation of two iron-fisetin complexes with stoichiometries of 1 : 1 and 1 : 2, depending on the pH. Results of vibrational analysis and theoretical calculations implicated the 3-hydroxyl-4-carbonyl group as a chelating site in acidic media while catechol (3'-hydroxyl-4'-hydroxyl) group was identified as the chelating group in neutral and alkaline media. Determined relative, conditional, stability constants with iron-fisetin were in the range from 6 × 10(4) dm(3) mol(-1) to 7 × 10(9) dm(6) mol(-2). Competition experiments demonstrated that fisetin bound iron less strongly than EDTA and citric acid under the investigated experimental conditions. Rate constant values calculated for the fast step of the DPPH reduction for fisetin and the iron-fisetin complex are k(1) = 225.75 dm(3) mol(-1) s(-1) and k(1) = 658.00 dm(3) mol(-1) s(-1). These values fit within the interval of the rate constant values which are typical for antioxidants which have a single polyphenolic nucleus. The equilibrium geometries, optimized at the B3LYP/6-311 + G(d,p) and M06/6-311 + G(d,p) levels of theory, predicted structural modifications between the ligand molecule in the free state and in the complex structure. The theoretical model has been validated by both vibrational and electronic spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina M Dimitrić Marković
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.
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Marković ZS, Dimitrić Marković JM, Milenković D, Filipović N. Mechanistic study of the structure-activity relationship for the free radical scavenging activity of baicalein. J Mol Model 2011; 17:2575-84. [PMID: 21229369 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-010-0942-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations were performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of baicalein. The conformational behaviors of both the isolated and the aqueous-solvated species (simulated with the conductor-like polarizable continuum solvation model) were analyzed at the M052X/6-311 + G(d,p) level. The most stable tautomers of various forms of baicalein displayed three IHBs between O4 and OH5, O5 and OH6, and O6 and OH7. The most stable tautomer of the baicalein radical was obtained by dehydrogenating the hydroxyl at C6, while the most stable anion tautomer was obtained by deprotonating the C7 hydroxyl in gaseous and aqueous phases. The expected antioxidant activity of baicalein was explained by its ionization potentials (IPs) and homolytic O-H bond dissociation enthalpies (BDEs), which were obtained via the UM052X optimization level of the corresponding radical species. Heterolytic O-H bond cleavages (proton dissociation enthalpies, PDEs) were also computed. The calculated IP, BDE, and PDE values suggested that one-step H-atom transfer, rather than sequential proton loss-electron transfer or electron transfer-proton transfer, would be the most favorable mechanism for explaining the antioxidant activity of baicalein in the gas phase and in nonpolar solvents. In aqueous solution, the SPLET mechanism was more important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran S Marković
- Department of Biochemical and Medical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadžića bb, Novi Pazar 36300, Republic of Serbia
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Marković ZS, Manojlović NT. Analytical characterization of lichexanthone in lichen: HPLC, UV spectroscopic, and DFT analysis of lichexanthone extracted from Laurera benguelensis (Mull. Arg.) Zahlbr. Monatsh Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-010-0349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Marković ZS, Mentus SV, Dimitrić Marković JM. Electrochemical and density functional theory study on the reactivity of fisetin and its radicals: implications on in vitro antioxidant activity. J Phys Chem A 2010; 113:14170-9. [PMID: 19954196 DOI: 10.1021/jp907071v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Antioxidative properties of naturally occurring flavon-3-ol, fisetin, were examined by both cyclic voltammetry and quantum-chemical based calculations. The three voltametrically detectable consecutive steps, reflected the fisetin molecular structure, catecholic structural unit in the ring B, C3-OH, and C7-OH groups in the rings C and A. Oxidation potential values, used as quantitative parameter in determining its oxidation capability, indicated good antioxidative properties found with this molecule. Oxidation of the C3'C4' dixydroxy moiety at the B ring occurred first at the lowest positive potentials. The first oxidation step induced fast intramolecular transformations in which the C3 hydroxy group disappeared and the product of this transformation participated in the second oxidation step. The highest potential of oxidation was attributed to the oxidation of C7 hydroxy group. The structural and electronic features of fisetin were investigated at the B3LYP/6-311++G** level of theory. Particularly, the interest was focused on the C3' and C4'-OH sites in the B ring and on C3-OH site in the C ring. The calculated bond dissociation enthalpy values for all OH sites of fisetin clearly indicated the importance of the B ring and C3' and C4'-OH group. The importance of keto-enol tautomerism has also been considered. The analysis also included the Mulliken spin density distribution for the radicals formed after H removal on each OH site. The results showed the higher values of the BDE on the C7-OH and C3-OH sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran S Marković
- Department of Biochemical and Medical Sciences, State University of Novi Pazar, Vuka Karadzića bb, Novi Pazar 36300, Republic of Serbia
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Dimitrić Marković JM, Marković ZS, Veselinović DS, Krstić JB, Predojević Simović JD. Study on fisetin-aluminium(III) interaction in aqueous buffered solutions by spectroscopy and molecular modeling. J Inorg Biochem 2009; 103:723-30. [PMID: 19217163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2008] [Revised: 01/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic (UV/visible and IR) and theoretical studies were used to assess relevant interaction of fisetin, a tetrahydroxylated flavone molecule, and trivalent aluminium in a wide range of buffered aqueous solutions. The chelation sites, stoichiometry, stability and the dependence of the complexes structures on pH and aluminium/fisetin mole ratios were defined. Obtained results implicated successive formation of two complexes with aluminium(III)-fisetin stoichiometries of 1:1 and 2:1. Considering the fisetin molecular structure, results of vibrational analysis and theoretical calculations, it is possible to implicate 3-hydroxyl-4-carbonyl and 3'4'-dihydroxyl groups as those with the possible chelating power. The equilibrium geometries were optimized in vacuum at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory, which predict structural modifications between the ligand molecule in free state and in the complex structure. The theoretical model has been validated by both vibrational and electronic spectroscopies.
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Pejić ND, Blagojević SM, Anić SR, Vukojević VB, Mijatović MD, Ćirić JS, Marković ZS, Marković SD, Kolar-Anić LZ. Kinetic determination of morphine by means of Bray–Liebhafsky oscillatory reaction system using analyte pulse perturbation technique. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 582:367-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2006] [Revised: 09/03/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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